US2648210A - Stocking and method of making - Google Patents

Stocking and method of making Download PDF

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Publication number
US2648210A
US2648210A US113376A US11337649A US2648210A US 2648210 A US2648210 A US 2648210A US 113376 A US113376 A US 113376A US 11337649 A US11337649 A US 11337649A US 2648210 A US2648210 A US 2648210A
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Prior art keywords
wales
tail
selvages
yarns
yarn
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US113376A
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English (en)
Inventor
Skole Viggo
Andersen Hans Christian
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Individual
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings

Definitions

  • This invention has to do with the making of stockings, and more particularly the invention has reference to the manner in which the toe portions of stockings are knit and subsequently handled in the manufacturing process.
  • the stockings nowadays most favoured by the general public are those produced in the form of a flat knit fabric which upon termination of the knitting process is closed to form a stocking by joining the edges thereof into a seam.
  • a. so called full fashioned or straight-bar" knitting machine in which the stitches of the course last produced are carried on a row of jointly movable knitting needles, and the yarn is applied in the desired width by yarn carriers movable along the row of knitting needles and is then formed into loops and transferred to the knitting needles to form a new course by suitable movements of a row of sinkers and dividers movable in between the needles as well as of the knitting needles themselves.
  • a plurality of yarn carriers may be used if it is desired to knit the fabric or parts thereof with two or more yarns, and the width of the fabric may be enlarged or narrowed during knitting to form diverging and converging edges by means of sets of narrowing points constructed to pick up stitches from certain needles and to transfer them to others along the row of knitting needles.
  • One object of the invention is to devise a manufacturing process in which the toe portions can be knit with firm selvages converging practically to a point of intersection, and in which the danger of ravelling adjacent the tip so formed is practically eliminated or reduced to such an ex-' tent that toe portions formed in this manner may a point towards which firm selvages of a knit fabric converge.
  • a further object of the invention is to render possible the production of a toe portion of a particular attractive appearance without an increase or even with an appreciable decrease of the production costs as compared with the conventional methods.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the making of a toe portion according to the conventional method
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the making of a toe portion according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a toe portion made according to Fig. 2 in the process of being folded preparatory to joining the edges thereof into a seam
  • Fig. 4 shows the toe portion after seaming
  • Fig.5 illustrates one form of a tail produced according to the invention
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating other examples of tails according to the invention.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 illustrating the conventional method and our improved method respectively, it will be seen that up to the line I-I, the toe portions of Figs. 1 and 2 are made in exactly the same manner.
  • the wales are outlined by lines, but it should be understood that this illustration is purely diagrammatical and that each line or the interval between each pair of consecutive lines may represent a plurality of wales. It will be seen that both in Fig. 1 and in Fig.
  • the fabric is gradually narrowed up to the line 1-1 so that convergent form selvages are formed, and in the example illustrated, the narrowing is performed in such a manner that the usual diamond toe with the lines of fashion marks I, 2, 3 and 4 are formed though it is of course immaterial whether the narrowing is performed in this manner or in any other suitable manner.
  • Fig. l the numeral 5 indicates a line along which the stitches are ordinarily bound by a looping operation, and beyond the line 5 then follow a number of ravel courses extending over the area 5 to the ultimate course indicated at 1.
  • the ravel courses comprising the portion 6 of the fabric are designed to be cut off in connection with the looping operation.
  • the tail or cord is very effective as a protection against ravelling at the tip of a toe portion of the form described.
  • the number of additional courses must be great enough and the width of the tail small enough to ensure that the tail will roll entirely up on itself in its transverse direction to provide what can be justifiably denominated a cord-like structure, and moreover this structure should preferably be of suflicient length to prevent the transfer to the remote end of such cord-like structure of stresses tendin to draw out the toe portion in its transverse direction.
  • the tail may e. g. have a length of about an inch and a width of say 4-8 wales.
  • the tail If the tail is made too short or too wide, it will not afford any protection against ravelling. It is probably the failure to recognize these facts that accounts for the inefficiency of the prior methods attempting at avoiding the looping operation. Hence, it has been felt that the tail should not be made too long in order not to interfere with subsequent manufacturing steps or to disturb the final form of the toe portion, but it has been found, according to the invention, that a tail of sufficient length to afford protection against ravelling may be used without causing any inconvenience in the production and without being detrimental to the quality of the finished product since even a relatively long tail or cord l2 will practically vanish when sewn into the seam joining the edges of the toe blank as illustrated in Fig. 4, whereby the stitches of the cord are at the same time fixed in a very reliable manner. In fact, the tail will hardly be noticeable in the finished product.
  • Fig. 5 One form of such a special tail structure is illustrated in Fig. 5. To clarify the illustration the tail has been shown in flat form though it will be understood that in practice it will roll up on itself in its transverse direction.
  • the tail is knit in a width of four wales. It will be noted, however, that the two left hand wales are knit with two yarns while the two right hand wales are knit with one yarn only. This is obtained by using two yarns which during the knitting are guided in such a manner by the respective yarn carriers that one yarn is applied over the two left hand wales only, while the other yarn is applied over all of the four wales.
  • Each of the two yarns is applied by means of a separate yarn carrier, and at a certain time, these will both be in an extreme left hand position and will then move jointly to the right until both yarns have been applied in the width of two wales. Then one of the yarn carriers remains stationary, while the other yarn carrier moves on to apply its yarn over the additional two wales. When the second yarn carrier has returned to the position where the first yarn carrier remained stationary the two yarn carriers will move jointly back to the extreme left hand position.
  • the two yarns will extend from the end of the tail in different wales as shown at [3 and M. It has been found in practice that with a tail knit in this manner, there is practically no danger of ravelling because the yarns run together in some wales and extend at different points so that the two yarns will so to speak bind one another against ravelling.
  • the other one of the yarns will have a binding effect in the stitches common to the two yarns, and if the free ends of the two yarns l3 and M are gripped together and subjected to a pull, then the yarn M will immediately yield a little in the stitches individual thereto, so that the whole of the pull will be in the yarn l3, and the yarn I4 will consequently have a binding effect in the stitches which it has in common with the yarn I3.
  • the only kind of a pull that is likely to cause ravelling is a pull alternating between the two yarns l3 and I4, and this is a kind of influence that is very unlikely to occur in practice.
  • FIG. 5 A similar mutual binding effect between different yarns may be obtained with other numbers of wales and/or yarns than shown in Fig. 5.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 Some further examples are diagrammatically shown in Figs. 6 and 7.
  • the intervals between vertical lines are intended to represent wales while the yarns knit into the wales are represented by three different kinds of hatching lines, viz. lines inclined to the right indicating a first yarn, lines inclined to the left indicating a second yarn and horizontal lines indicating a third yarn.
  • the tail is composed of six wales knit with a first yarn extending over the four left hand wales and extending from the end of the tail at I5 and a second yarn extending over the four right hand wales and extending from the end of the tail at H5.
  • first yarn extending over the four left hand wales and extending from the end of the tail at I5
  • second yarn extending over the four right hand wales and extending from the end of the tail at H5.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example where the tail is made up of eight wales knit with three yarns, viz. a first yarn extending over wales No. 1-4 from the left, a second yarn extending over wales No. 1-6 from the left, and a third yarn extending over all of the eightwales.
  • the yarns in the tail may form a continuation of yarns in the toe portion proper, it being observed that the toe portion is usually knit with a plurality of yarns to form a reinforcement so that it is not necessary to introduce a fresh yarn in the tail portion, though of course this may be done, if desired. It is to be noted that it is entirely possible and even desirable according to the invention to knit the tail with the same yarn as the stocking proper, even if this is a very smooth one such as a nylon yarn, without any risk of ravelling occurring during the manufacturing process or in the finished stocking.
  • a toe blank comprising a body portion formed by wales gradually narrowed down to a small number at one end of said body portion to form a tip, and a tail extending from said tip and forming a continuation of said small number of wales and having different, though overlapping groups of wales knit with different yarns.
  • a stocking having a toe portion comprising a toe blank as set forth in claim 8 seamed into the form of a converging tube and having said tail sewn into the seam thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US113376A 1943-04-19 1949-08-31 Stocking and method of making Expired - Lifetime US2648210A (en)

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DK2648210X 1943-04-19

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US2648210A true US2648210A (en) 1953-08-11

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US (1) US2648210A (de)
NL (1) NL75377C (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE964433C (de) * 1954-09-04 1957-05-23 Gerhard Schubert Verfahren zum Herstellen von Struempfen auf der flachen Kulierwirkmaschine, wobei die Spitze und/oder die Fersenteile bis auf wenige verbleibende Maschen durch Eindecken mit festen Laengskanten abgeschlossen werden
US2800006A (en) * 1955-01-12 1957-07-23 Richter Max Stocking having a seamless toe and produced on a flat hosiery knitting machine and method for production thereof
DE1079262B (de) * 1957-11-05 1960-04-07 Feinstrumpfwerke Oberlungwitz Verfahren zum Verriegeln der Maschen der Spitze eines Strumpfes auf der flachen Kulierwirkmaschine
US3057177A (en) * 1955-04-02 1962-10-09 Alric Gustave Charles Auguste Method for finishing knitted wear
US20160168768A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-16 Da Kong Enterprise Co., Ltd. Toe Closing Method and Structure

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE223511C (de) *
US2296302A (en) * 1939-11-15 1942-09-22 Hosiery Patents Inc Art of seaming fabrics
US2304053A (en) * 1942-02-19 1942-12-01 Charles A Kaufman Stocking and method of knitting
FR905418A (fr) * 1943-04-19 1945-12-04 Procédé de fabrication des pointes et/ou des talons des bas sur métiers de bonneterie rectilignes à cueillage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE223511C (de) *
US2296302A (en) * 1939-11-15 1942-09-22 Hosiery Patents Inc Art of seaming fabrics
US2304053A (en) * 1942-02-19 1942-12-01 Charles A Kaufman Stocking and method of knitting
FR905418A (fr) * 1943-04-19 1945-12-04 Procédé de fabrication des pointes et/ou des talons des bas sur métiers de bonneterie rectilignes à cueillage

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE964433C (de) * 1954-09-04 1957-05-23 Gerhard Schubert Verfahren zum Herstellen von Struempfen auf der flachen Kulierwirkmaschine, wobei die Spitze und/oder die Fersenteile bis auf wenige verbleibende Maschen durch Eindecken mit festen Laengskanten abgeschlossen werden
US2800006A (en) * 1955-01-12 1957-07-23 Richter Max Stocking having a seamless toe and produced on a flat hosiery knitting machine and method for production thereof
US3057177A (en) * 1955-04-02 1962-10-09 Alric Gustave Charles Auguste Method for finishing knitted wear
DE1079262B (de) * 1957-11-05 1960-04-07 Feinstrumpfwerke Oberlungwitz Verfahren zum Verriegeln der Maschen der Spitze eines Strumpfes auf der flachen Kulierwirkmaschine
US20160168768A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-16 Da Kong Enterprise Co., Ltd. Toe Closing Method and Structure

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NL75377C (de)

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