US264117A - Method of burning brick - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Model.)

l A. YATES. METHOD 0F BURNING BRICK.

Patented Sept. 12, 1882,

il l! Il I! Il Il Il Il I1 Inn/Emma WTNEEEEE UNITED STATES PATENT einen.

ALFRED YATES, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD yOF BURNING BRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 264,117, dated September 12, 1882.

` Application filed April 3, 18S-2. (No model.)

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED YATES, residing in the city of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State ot' Massachusetts, a subject of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom ofGrreat Britain and Ireland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods ot' Burning Bricks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification in explaining its nature, `in which- Figure 1 is a perspective of a brick-kiln having acorner broken out to illustrate its application, and Fig. 2 is a cross vertical section on the line ot' oneof the arches.

This invention relates to the method of burning bricks whereby the heat employed in burning is disseminated more uniformly throughout the kiln, and is prevented from escaping to the outerair to as large an extent as formerly.

The method is applicable to the brick-kiln of ordinary construction, and I have represented in the drawings one of that class.

The method consists in forming or arranging at or near the top ofthe kiln one or more lines of tlues which extend across the kiln from side to side or from end to end, or both, (in which last-named case lit would be preferable that one line ot' iues be above the other, and that they be separated by one or more courses of brick,) and by commencing the burning of the kiln and continuing it until the water-smoke is driven oit' and the bricks well heated, and then applying to the top of the kiln and to the y sides, it' not previously applied, a coating or layer of soft clay or a mixture ofclay and other earth, forming a casing or envelope about the kiln, which prevents the heat from escaping therefrom to any considerable extent. The i'lues are formed in piling the brick in making the kiln in any way Well known to brick-Inakers, and, if desired, instead of using green brick burnt brick may be employed. A latting ot' one or more courses of brick, preferably, islaid over thetlues, and ataproper stage in the burning of the kiln this tjatting or the ilues are covered or embedded with soft clay or a mixture of clay and other earth of a depth sufficient to prevent the escape of heat to any extent through the top of the kiln. At the same time, or before, or immediately after I apply to the sides and ends ofthe kiln a scov-4 ing of brick and mud or clay, or mixture ot' clay and other earth, which also serves to preventthe heatfroinleavingthe kiln. Thisscoving, preferably, is applied before the commencement of the firing,- aud is arranged preferably to form a passage or flue d on the sides and ends of the kiln, which passage, however, preferably does not extend to the top of the kiln. This passage or flue provides means whereby the heat from the ire can pass directly from the arches upon the outside ofthe green brick at the ends and sides of the kiln, and then passes into the. body ot' the kiln. This topping or upper covering or protection ot' the kiln -cannot be applied to advantage at the commencement of the burning, because it is necessary, first of all, to heatup the mass ot' bricks in the kiln, and for that reason a more vigorous draft and a ready escape for thesmokc and steam are necessary; but afterthe mass of bricks is well heated and cleared ot steam or water-smoke, and the top covering and the scoving (if not previously done) is applied, and the heat is thereby uniformly spread throughout the kiln, and what current is necessary for the purpose of circulation ofthe heat is established by the transverse dues, which, being uniformly arranged, and being close together, prevent any tendency ofthe heat to follow any given line or direction.

ln the drawings, A represents the kiln; a, the arches; b, the flues, and c the covering or layer of clay upon the top, and d the scoving.

This improvement not only results in burning the bricks more uniformly throughout the kiln than heretofore, but it also improves very much the quality of those bricks at the top, corners, sides, and ends ofthe kiln to such an extent that hard brick are burned almost at the very corners and sides of the kiln remote y from the re.

Another advantage which arises from this effected.

through the kiln and preventing the escape of heattherefrom and confining it within the kiln, and thereby getting from the fuel used the greatest amount ot' value.

I am aware that it is not new to arrange llues ICO provided with dampers across the top of brickkilns, and doV not broadly claim such arrangement'.-

Having thus fully described niy invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent ot' the United States The process of burning bricks in kilns consisting in providing the kiln with one or more lines oftransverse tlues at or near its top, heat.- 1o ing the kiln to the stage or point known-as cleared,77 and then applying a coating or covering of clay or clay and earth or other similar non-heat-condueting material to the top of the kiln, and to the sides, if not previously applied, and continuing the burning, all substan- 15 tially as and. for the purposes described.

ALFRED YATES. Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, W. C. FOGG.

Images