US2626302A - Cable with weakened stripping plane - Google Patents

Cable with weakened stripping plane Download PDF

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Publication number
US2626302A
US2626302A US773005A US77300547A US2626302A US 2626302 A US2626302 A US 2626302A US 773005 A US773005 A US 773005A US 77300547 A US77300547 A US 77300547A US 2626302 A US2626302 A US 2626302A
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United States
Prior art keywords
jacket
conductors
cable
weakened
conductor
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Expired - Lifetime
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US773005A
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Thomas K Cox
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AT&T Corp
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Western Electric Co Inc
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Priority to US773005A priority Critical patent/US2626302A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/38—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating removal of insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06—Rod-shaped

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical cables, and more particularly to electrical cables with weak- ,ened'stripping planes.
  • An object of the invention is to provide new and improved electrical cables.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a multi-conductor cable having a packet therearound which is provided with a weakened portion extending along one of the conductors.
  • An electrical cable illustrative of certain features of the invention includes a plurality of individually insulated, bunched conductors, and a jacket enclosing the conductors and having a weakened stripping plane extending along one of said conductors.
  • Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, sectional view of an apparatus for performing some of the operations used in making the cable;
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation of an apparatus for performing another operation used in making the cable
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged, vertical section taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
  • individually insulated conductors Ill, H and 12 which include solid conductors l4, l5 and I6, respectively, and colored coverings ll, I8 and :9, respectively, each of which coverings is of a color different from that of the other coverings, are advanced through an extruder 22 in parallel, spaced relationship together with Fiberglas strands 23-23 (Fig. 3), and the extruder forms a jacket 24 around the individually insulated conductors and the strands to form a jacketed cable 25.
  • the jacket 24 is composed of a jacketing compound including a thermoplastic material, such as a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and as it is formed around the individually insulated conductors and the strands 23 23*, a knife 26 projecting from a die 21 forms a slit 28 in the jacket along the conductor l I.
  • a jacketing compound including a thermoplastic material, such as a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate
  • the molecules of the portions of the jacket on each side of the slit are oriented by the knife so that they extend lengthwise with respect to the conductor, and the rescaled portions of the jacket form a cleavage plane along which the jacket has its least tear resistance.
  • the tear resistance of the jacket alon the cleavage plane is sufliciently high to withstand all the stresses ordinarily encountered in the normal use of the jacketed conductor 25.
  • the tear resistance of the portion of the jacket'along the cleavage plane is lowest without decreasing the abrasion resistance of this portion of the jacket since the slit is rescaled and the exterior surface of the jacket is completely smooth.
  • the jacketed cable 25 then is advanced from the extruder into and throrgh a cooling trough 30, into which cold water is introduced, which cools the jacket 24.
  • a cooling trough 30 into which cold water is introduced, which cools the jacket 24.
  • the slit 28 is closed and the ides thereof are sealed together, the jacket is substantially weaker along the slit 28 than it is at any other portion thereof, and the color of the covering I8 adjacent to the slit 28 locates the slit for stripping operations of the jacket during installation of the jacketed cable.
  • the jacketed cable 25 is placed on a revolving supply unit 34 of a twister 32 (Fig. 2) which also includes a takeup capstan 36 and a takeup reel 31.
  • the supply unit twists the cable as the takeup capstan 36 advances it therefrom through a guide 38. This twisting twists the individually insulated conductors Ill, H and i2 together so that the cable will have the proper electrical characteristics and flexibility.
  • the twister 32 serves to twist the solid conductors I4, 15 and I6 suiiiciently beyond their elastic limits to cause these conductors to hold the entire cable in its twisted form.
  • the outer surface of the jacket 24 is completely smooth and unmarked, it has a cleavage plane along the insulated conductor I l where the slit 28 was formed,
  • the coloring of the covering l8 of the insulated conductor H locates the weakened portion of the jacket so that the end portions of the jacket may be easily stripped from the end portions of the individually insulated conductors [0, II and I2,
  • the tear resistance of the jacket 24 is weakened somewhat along the cleavage plane, this portion of the jacket has suiiicient strength to withstand 3 ordinary usage of the jacketed conductor. and is completely watertight.
  • thermosetting type of plastic such as rubber compound or a compound containing a synthetic, rubber-like material
  • the above-described method may be used if vulcanization is substituted for the step of cooling the jacket after it has been extruded.
  • other thermoplastic materials as well as thermosetting materials, may be used in place of the co-polymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
  • polymerized ethylene, polymerized isobutylene or polymerized vinyl chloride may be used in place of the co-poly mer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
  • J acketed cables having either more or less than three individually insulated conductors may be formed by the above-described method.
  • An electrical cable which comprises a plurality of individually insulated, bunched-together conductors, and an outermost jacket enclosing the conductors and having a weakened, sealed portion extending along one of said conductors and extending radially toward said one of said conductors from the exterior of said jacket.
  • An electrical cable which comprises a plurality of individually insulated conductors, each of said conductors having a covering of a coloring diiferent from those of the others, and an outside jacket composed of thermoplastic compound enclosing the conductors and having an invisible, sealed cleavage plane extending radially along one of the conductors, whereby the invisible cleavage plane of the jacket may be located 35 4 at the conductor end by a color of the covering of that conductor.
  • An electrical cable which comprises at least three individually insulated conductors, and an outside tight-fitting jacket composed of thermoplastic compound enclosing the conductors, said jacket and said conductors being twisted to a predetermined pitch along substantially the entire length thereof, said jacket being integral throughout and having a weakened portion extending along one of said conductors and extending radially inwardly toward said one of said conductors from the exterior of the jacket.

Description

Jan. 20, 1953 T. K. cox
CABLE WITH WEAKENED STRIPPING PLANE Filed Sept. 9, 1947 FIG. 2
A TTORNEY Patented Jan. 20, 1953 CABLE WITH WEAKENED STRIPPING PLANE Thomas K. Cox, Randallstown, Md., assignor to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application September 9, 1947, Serial No. 773,005 (01. 174-113) .3 Claims.
This invention relates to electrical cables, and more particularly to electrical cables with weak- ,ened'stripping planes.
In the use of electrical cables of a type which includes a plurality of individually insulated conductors twisted together and enclosed in a tough weatherproofing jacket, it is often necessary to remove end portions of the jacket of such a jacketed conductor in order to connect the individually insulated conductors thereof to electrical apparatus. Such removal of the jacket, which is formed of very tough material, is difficult.
An object of the invention is to provide new and improved electrical cables.
A further object of the invention is to provide a multi-conductor cable having a packet therearound which is provided with a weakened portion extending along one of the conductors.
An electrical cable illustrative of certain features of the invention includes a plurality of individually insulated, bunched conductors, and a jacket enclosing the conductors and having a weakened stripping plane extending along one of said conductors.
A complete understanding of the invention may be obtained from the following detailed description of a cable embodying the invention, when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, sectional view of an apparatus for performing some of the operations used in making the cable;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of an apparatus for performing another operation used in making the cable, and
Fig. 3 is an enlarged, vertical section taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Referring now in detail to the drawings, individually insulated conductors Ill, H and 12, which include solid conductors l4, l5 and I6, respectively, and colored coverings ll, I8 and :9, respectively, each of which coverings is of a color different from that of the other coverings, are advanced through an extruder 22 in parallel, spaced relationship together with Fiberglas strands 23-23 (Fig. 3), and the extruder forms a jacket 24 around the individually insulated conductors and the strands to form a jacketed cable 25. The jacket 24 is composed of a jacketing compound including a thermoplastic material, such as a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and as it is formed around the individually insulated conductors and the strands 23 23*, a knife 26 projecting from a die 21 forms a slit 28 in the jacket along the conductor l I. The
' 2 portion of the die beyond the knife closes the slit while the material is still somewhat plastic so that a smooth exterior surface is imparted to the jacket.
The molecules of the portions of the jacket on each side of the slit are oriented by the knife so that they extend lengthwise with respect to the conductor, and the rescaled portions of the jacket form a cleavage plane along which the jacket has its least tear resistance. However, the tear resistance of the jacket alon the cleavage plane is sufliciently high to withstand all the stresses ordinarily encountered in the normal use of the jacketed conductor 25. Thus, the tear resistance of the portion of the jacket'along the cleavage plane is lowest without decreasing the abrasion resistance of this portion of the jacket since the slit is rescaled and the exterior surface of the jacket is completely smooth.
The jacketed cable 25 then is advanced from the extruder into and throrgh a cooling trough 30, into which cold water is introduced, which cools the jacket 24. Although the slit 28 is closed and the ides thereof are sealed together, the jacket is substantially weaker along the slit 28 than it is at any other portion thereof, and the color of the covering I8 adjacent to the slit 28 locates the slit for stripping operations of the jacket during installation of the jacketed cable.
After the jacket 24 has been formed over the three conductors [0, H and I2, the jacketed cable 25 is placed on a revolving supply unit 34 of a twister 32 (Fig. 2) which also includes a takeup capstan 36 and a takeup reel 31. The supply unit twists the cable as the takeup capstan 36 advances it therefrom through a guide 38. This twisting twists the individually insulated conductors Ill, H and i2 together so that the cable will have the proper electrical characteristics and flexibility. The twister 32 serves to twist the solid conductors I4, 15 and I6 suiiiciently beyond their elastic limits to cause these conductors to hold the entire cable in its twisted form.
While the outer surface of the jacket 24 is completely smooth and unmarked, it has a cleavage plane along the insulated conductor I l where the slit 28 was formed, Thus, the coloring of the covering l8 of the insulated conductor H locates the weakened portion of the jacket so that the end portions of the jacket may be easily stripped from the end portions of the individually insulated conductors [0, II and I2, Although the tear resistance of the jacket 24 is weakened somewhat along the cleavage plane, this portion of the jacket has suiiicient strength to withstand 3 ordinary usage of the jacketed conductor. and is completely watertight.
If it is wished to form the jacket 24 from a thermosetting type of plastic, such as rubber compound or a compound containing a synthetic, rubber-like material, the above-described method may be used if vulcanization is substituted for the step of cooling the jacket after it has been extruded. Furthermore, other thermoplastic materials, as well as thermosetting materials, may be used in place of the co-polymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. For example, polymerized ethylene, polymerized isobutylene or polymerized vinyl chloride may be used in place of the co-poly mer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. J acketed cables having either more or less than three individually insulated conductors may be formed by the above-described method.
What is claimed is:
1. An electrical cable, which comprises a plurality of individually insulated, bunched-together conductors, and an outermost jacket enclosing the conductors and having a weakened, sealed portion extending along one of said conductors and extending radially toward said one of said conductors from the exterior of said jacket.
2. An electrical cable, which comprises a plurality of individually insulated conductors, each of said conductors having a covering of a coloring diiferent from those of the others, and an outside jacket composed of thermoplastic compound enclosing the conductors and having an invisible, sealed cleavage plane extending radially along one of the conductors, whereby the invisible cleavage plane of the jacket may be located 35 4 at the conductor end by a color of the covering of that conductor.
3. An electrical cable, which comprises at least three individually insulated conductors, and an outside tight-fitting jacket composed of thermoplastic compound enclosing the conductors, said jacket and said conductors being twisted to a predetermined pitch along substantially the entire length thereof, said jacket being integral throughout and having a weakened portion extending along one of said conductors and extending radially inwardly toward said one of said conductors from the exterior of the jacket.
THOMAS K. COX.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 170,266 Hoogeveen Nov. 23, 1875 1,627,740 Hosford May 10, 1927 1,940,917 Okazaki Dec. 26, 1933 2,106,048 Candy Jan. 18, 1938 2,204,782 Wermine June 18, 1940 2,232,085 Troche Feb. 18, 1941 2,413,715 Kemp et al Jan. 7, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 530,297 England Dec. 9, 1940 544,427 England Apr. 13, 1942 681,220 Germany Sept. 18, 1939
US773005A 1947-09-09 1947-09-09 Cable with weakened stripping plane Expired - Lifetime US2626302A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2729696A (en) * 1955-06-29 1956-01-03 Gen Electric Three conductor rip cord
US2732592A (en) * 1956-01-31 Extrusion of thermoplastic material
US2826782A (en) * 1954-11-23 1958-03-18 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Forming device for insulated wire
US4217327A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-08-12 Clopay Corporation Method of forming tear lines in plastic films
US4854147A (en) * 1986-03-24 1989-08-08 The Boeing Company Wire pinch mark applicator
US4975968A (en) * 1989-10-27 1990-12-04 Spatial Dynamics, Ltd. Timed dielectrometry surveillance method and apparatus
WO1992020510A1 (en) * 1991-05-11 1992-11-26 Northern Telecom Limited Manufacturing cables

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US170266A (en) * 1875-11-23 Improvement in electric cables and conductors
US1627740A (en) * 1924-10-11 1927-05-10 Western Electric Co Coated strands
US1940917A (en) * 1930-08-04 1933-12-26 Furukawa Denkikogyo Kabushiki Multicore cable with cradle
US2106048A (en) * 1932-11-12 1938-01-18 Candy & Company Inc Coded wire
DE681220C (en) * 1936-05-28 1939-09-18 Kabelwerk Vacha Akt Ges Process for the production of multi-core electrical rubber hose lines
US2204782A (en) * 1936-04-13 1940-06-18 Belden Mfg Co Method and apparatus for making electric conductor cord
GB530297A (en) * 1939-06-21 1940-12-09 Compressed Rubber Products Ltd Improvements in protective coverings for flexible electric leads and the like
US2232085A (en) * 1939-05-03 1941-02-18 Western Electric Co Insulated electric conductor
GB544427A (en) * 1940-12-23 1942-04-13 British Insulated Cables Ltd Improvements in electric cables
US2413715A (en) * 1943-10-15 1947-01-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Retractile cord

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US170266A (en) * 1875-11-23 Improvement in electric cables and conductors
US1627740A (en) * 1924-10-11 1927-05-10 Western Electric Co Coated strands
US1940917A (en) * 1930-08-04 1933-12-26 Furukawa Denkikogyo Kabushiki Multicore cable with cradle
US2106048A (en) * 1932-11-12 1938-01-18 Candy & Company Inc Coded wire
US2204782A (en) * 1936-04-13 1940-06-18 Belden Mfg Co Method and apparatus for making electric conductor cord
DE681220C (en) * 1936-05-28 1939-09-18 Kabelwerk Vacha Akt Ges Process for the production of multi-core electrical rubber hose lines
US2232085A (en) * 1939-05-03 1941-02-18 Western Electric Co Insulated electric conductor
GB530297A (en) * 1939-06-21 1940-12-09 Compressed Rubber Products Ltd Improvements in protective coverings for flexible electric leads and the like
GB544427A (en) * 1940-12-23 1942-04-13 British Insulated Cables Ltd Improvements in electric cables
US2413715A (en) * 1943-10-15 1947-01-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Retractile cord

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732592A (en) * 1956-01-31 Extrusion of thermoplastic material
US2826782A (en) * 1954-11-23 1958-03-18 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Forming device for insulated wire
US2729696A (en) * 1955-06-29 1956-01-03 Gen Electric Three conductor rip cord
US4217327A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-08-12 Clopay Corporation Method of forming tear lines in plastic films
US4854147A (en) * 1986-03-24 1989-08-08 The Boeing Company Wire pinch mark applicator
US4975968A (en) * 1989-10-27 1990-12-04 Spatial Dynamics, Ltd. Timed dielectrometry surveillance method and apparatus
WO1992020510A1 (en) * 1991-05-11 1992-11-26 Northern Telecom Limited Manufacturing cables
AU657755B2 (en) * 1991-05-11 1995-03-23 Northern Telecom Limited Manufacturing cables
US5435944A (en) * 1991-05-11 1995-07-25 Northern Telecom Limited Manufacture of cables with an easily separable channel cover

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