US2622797A - Centrifugal countercurrent extraction - Google Patents

Centrifugal countercurrent extraction Download PDF

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Publication number
US2622797A
US2622797A US146007A US14600750A US2622797A US 2622797 A US2622797 A US 2622797A US 146007 A US146007 A US 146007A US 14600750 A US14600750 A US 14600750A US 2622797 A US2622797 A US 2622797A
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United States
Prior art keywords
stripping
liquid
centrifugal
specifically
disc
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Expired - Lifetime
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US146007A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hemfort Heinrich
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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Westfalia Separator GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/06—Centrifugal counter-current apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to new and useful imtarovements in centrifugal countercurrent extrac-
  • One object of the invention comprises among other a simplified method for the centrifugal countercurrent extraction of liquids.
  • a further object of the invention comprises an improved and simplified construction for the centrifugal countercurrent extraction of liquids.
  • centrifugal separators In the continuous extraction of liquids, centrifugal separators have been hitherto used in the separation of mixtures of liquids. In the application to countercurrent extractions, the individual centrifugal operations correspond to conventional separators of the type in which the mixture of liquids is separated by gravitation. In accordance with prior centrifugal extraction procedures the mixture of the extractant and the liquid to be extracted is obtained by means of pumps, mixing injectors, or other mixing arrangements in a manner similar to that used in connection with extractors of the gravity separation type. In both centrifugal and gravitational separation, therefore, the mixing of solute and solvent is accomplished by separate or auxiliary devices which require independent operation, handling, and maintenance.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional side view with parts broken away and partly in cross section, of a centrifuge construction in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross sectional top view representation of a stripping disc useful in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic flow sheet representation exemplifying the arrangement in series of several centrifugal separators in application of the method in accordance with the invention.
  • a stationary shaft l4 extends into the upper portion of the centrifuge drum and carries secured thereto stripping discs l5 and [6 extending into the stripping chambers 8 and 9 respectively.
  • Shaft I4 is secured to and carried by hood [8, in turn carried by the centrifuge frame (not shown) by way of the threaded screw II.
  • a manifold collar [9 is mounted on shaft [4 and serves to establish the connection between the liquid charging and discharging conduits within shaft I4 and the external feed and discharge lines.
  • the solid lines show the path of flow of the specifically heavier liquid, while the broken lines illustrate the path of flow of the specifically lighter liquid. Current directions are indicated by arrows.
  • the mixture of liquids to be separated enters through conduit 26 of shaft l4 into the distributor 4 in which it flows downwardly and out through the distributor tubes 2! (only one is shown for the sake of clarity).
  • the mix passes then through the riser apertures 22, a portion of the rising mixture being separated in the channels defined by each two adjacent plates of the set of plates, the specifically lighter liquid passing inwardly and specifically heavier liquid passing down and outwardly.
  • the specifically heavier liquid forces the specifically lighter component of the mixture into and upwardly within the riser channels defined between the outer surface of the distributor i and any two adjacent ribs 6.
  • the specifically lighter liquid passes thence into the stripping chamber 8, and into contact with stationary stripping disc I5 therein.
  • a conduit 21 is provided to enter into stripping chamber 9 through the hood l8 while a conduit 28 within shaft M is provided to exit into stripping chamber 8.
  • a mixture of a specifically heavier and a specifically lighter liquid such as for instance a mixture of a phenol containing aqueous medium and butyl acetate are passed through the conduit 28 in shaft Id into the distributor chamber within tubular distributor member 4-.
  • This mixture may be an intimate mixture of the components or may be a relatively coarse mixture i. e., the mixture may be obtained by just flowing the components into the same conduit without intimately mixing the same.
  • the mixture of, for instance, phenolated water and butyl acetate passes through the conduits 2!
  • the butyl acetate and aqueous medium in each of the stripping chambers ⁇ ; and 9 will become banked against the stripping chamber wall by the centrifugal force with thespecifically heavier liquid on the outside and'the specifically lighter liquid superimposed thereon.
  • the stripping disc acts to divide the stripping chamber into two communicating portions and the two specifically differing liquids will assume with their levels positions of balance in each. If, then, the total rate of feed of either the specifically heavier or of the specifically lighter liquid'is below the rate of liquid removal of thestripping disc, the latter will remove thepreponderant liquid faster than it is supplied until the interphase between the'two liquids isreached, at which point both liquids are gripped by the stripping disc and are intimately mixed therein and transported into the shaft conduit.
  • the specifically heavier and specifically lighter liquids in the case of the example the aqueous medium and the butyl acetate, are gripped by and intimately mixed in the stripping channelsof the discs and are respectively passed out of the centrifuge by ducts 25 and 26;
  • a stripping disc suitable in accordance with the invention is, for instance, illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the stripping disc l has the spirally'inwardly progressing stripping channels 38 leading into the annular duct 3
  • the action of the stripping disc is essentially that of a reverse centrifugal pump.
  • centrifugal units such as, for instance, three centrifuges each of the type having preferably two stripping discs.
  • Fig. 3 the specifically lighter liquid is indicated by a broken line, while the passage of the specifically heavier liquid is indicated by solid lines, the direction of flow being shown in each case by the arrows.
  • Both the specifically lighter and the specifically heavier liquids are first passed to the intermediate stage.
  • This intermediate centrifugal extractor indicated by Roman numeral II, as well as those designated by Roman numerals I and III, are preferably of the same general type as that illustrated in Fig. l.
  • a mixture of the liquids coming, for instance, from the stripping disc 9 of centrifugal extractor III is supplied to the intermediate extractor II there separated with the centrifugally heavier liquid going to stripping or discharging chamber *3 and the specifically lighter liquid going to the stripping or discharging chamber 8
  • Fresh specifically lighter liquid is supplied to the chamber 3 and fresh specifically heavier liquid is provided to the chamber 3 Being mixed by the stripping discs in the chambers 8 and 9 respectively, the mixed liquid from! flows into centrifugal extractor I to be therein separated, while the mixture from chamber 8 fiows into the centrifugal extractor IIIto' be there separated.
  • Stripping station 9 of centrifugal extractor I receives only separated specifically heavier liquid which is discharged.
  • the latter is the solvent containing the extractin, for instance, the lighter soluteheavier solvent example.
  • the mixture of liquids from the discharging chamber-Bibi centrifugal extractor-II is passed for separation'into centrifugal extractor III and the separatedspecifically lighter liquid is passed to'the dischargingor stripping chamber 8 of centrifugal extractorIII and thence passed out of the last-mentioned extractor stage by way of the stripping disc within the chamber 8
  • the particular point of entry of either the specifically lighter or the specifically heavier liquid intothe respectivestripping chambers is not critical. Though'I prefenfor structural simplicity and ease of admission of the respective liquids, the arrangement exemplified in Fig. 1, it isposs ib le toobtain substantially the same results by changing the points of entry of the respective liquidsinto the stripping chambers.
  • I may thus, for instance; exit ducts from cylindrically annular channel 21 into the stripping chamber 9 at a point below the stripping disc l6 and the conduit 28into stripping chamber 8 at'a pointbelow the stripping disc l5, It is also possible to suitably conduct the specificallyheavier liquid into stripping chamber 9 at a point above stripping disc I6 and the specifically lighter liquidto a point in stripping chamber 8 above the strippingdisc l5. It'is, furthermore, not critical that one of these liquids be introduced below and the other above the respective stripping discs in their chamb'ersl They may be introduced both from the same side, and the mixing action of the stripping discs within their stripping chambers will remain substantially the same. This consideration also applies to a construction'in which one'or both of the specifically lighter and specifically heavier liquid isl or are introduced into the respective stripping chambers at or adjacent the outer wall thereof facing the stripping disc rims.
  • the invention in its broadest aspects, as addressed to improved arrangements for countercurrent centrifugal extraction, essentially comprises in combination with a centrifugal separator drum for liquids, means rotatable with said drum defining a first and second stripping chamber, means for passing centrifugally separating specifically heavier liquid to said first stripping chamber and centrifugally separating lighter liquid to said second stripping chamber, means for passing from outside said drum specifically lighter liquid to said first stripping chamber and specifically heavier liquid to said second stripping chamber, a stripping disc in each said chamber, and conduit means in communication with the stripping channels'of said discs for passing stripped liquid out of said drum.
  • a countercurrent centrifugal extraction system involving multiple separate centrifugal separators incorporating this construction.
  • the invention within the broadest aspects thereof thus also comprises an improved method for the countercurrent centrifugal extraction of liquids involving in continuous operation centrifugally separating a mixture of liquids into a specifically heavier and specifically lighter fraction, centrifugally passing said heavier fraction into contact with a first stripping disc and said lighter fraction into contact with a second stripping disc while subjecting said fractions to centrifugal action, passing additional liquid corresponding to said specifically lighter fraction into contact with said first stripping disc and additional liquid corresponding to said specifically heavier fraction into contact with said second stripping disc and discharging the resulting mixtures from said discs.
  • Method for the countercurrent centrifugal extraction of liquids which comprises in continuous operation centrifugally separating a mixture of liquids into a specifically heavier and specifically lighter fraction, centrifugally passing said heavier fraction into contact with a first stripping disc and said lighter fraction into contact with a second stripping disc while subjecting said fractions to centrifugal action, passin additional liquid corresponding to said specifically lighter fraction into contact with said first stripping disc and additional liquid corresponding to said specifically heavier fraction into contact with said second stripping disc and discharging the resulting mixtures from said discs, one of said liquids containing an extractable material preferentially soluble in the other and thereafter separating said resulting mixtures into specifically heavier and specifically lighter fractions.
  • the improvement which comprises in combination with a centrifugal separator drum for liquids, means rotatable with said drum defining a first and second stripping chamber, means defining a first fluid passage positioned for passing a centrifugally separated specifically heavier liquid from said separator drum to said first stripping chamber, means defining a second fiuid passage positioned for passing centrifugally separated, specifically lighter liquid from said separator drum to said second stripping chamber, a stationary center shaft having a first stripping disc mounted thereon and extending into said first stripping chamber, and a second stripping disc mounted thereon extending into said second stripping chamber, said center shaft having conduct means in communication with the stripping channels of said disc for passing stripped liquid out of said chambers, conduct means for passing mixed specifically heavier and specifically lighter liquids into said drum, means defining a fiuid passage into said first stripping chamber from outside said drum, and means defining a fiuid passage to said second stripping chamber from outside said drum.
  • center shaft is a substantially cylindrical shaft and in which at least one of said passages from outside said drum to said stripping chamber includes a substantially cylindrical channel defined around and co-centric with said shaft.
  • the improvement which comprises at least one first, at least one intermediate. and at least one last centrifugal separator, said intermediate separator having in combination with a centrifugal separator drum for liquids, means rotatable with said drum defining a first and a second stripping chamber, means defining a first fiuid passage positioned for passing a centrifugally separated specifically heavier liquid from said separator drum to said first stripping chamber, means defining a second fluid passage positioned for passing centrifugally separated, specifically lighter liquid from said separator drum to said second stripping chamber, a stationary center shaft having a first stripping disc mounted thereon and extending into said first stripping chamber, and a second stripping disc mounted thereon extending into said second stripping chamber, said center shaft having conduct means in communication with the stripping channels of said disc for passing stripped liquid out of said chambers to said first and last centrifugal separators respectively, conduct means for passing mixed specifically heavier and specifically lighter liquids into said drum from said last separator, means

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US146007A 1949-04-23 1950-02-24 Centrifugal countercurrent extraction Expired - Lifetime US2622797A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE282475X 1949-04-23

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US2622797A true US2622797A (en) 1952-12-23

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2622797A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH282475A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB674668A (en, 2012)
NL (2) NL146401B (en, 2012)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779537A (en) * 1950-08-01 1957-01-29 Samuel D Jarvis Fluid contacting apparatus
US3081027A (en) * 1959-01-08 1963-03-12 Can Amera Oil Sands Dev Ltd Centrifuge control
US3108954A (en) * 1959-04-02 1963-10-29 Westphalia Separator A G Safety device for centrifuges
US3150981A (en) * 1960-08-15 1964-09-29 James B Redd Process for recovery of residual juice from pulp of fruits and vegetables
US3317126A (en) * 1965-01-14 1967-05-02 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Centrifuge discharge means
US3630432A (en) * 1968-06-06 1971-12-28 Alfa Laval Ab Apparatus for separating a liquid mixture
US5405307A (en) * 1992-09-21 1995-04-11 Alfa Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator with a paring device
US6176820B1 (en) * 1997-03-13 2001-01-23 Alfa Laval Ab Connection device for a centrifugal separator
US7041045B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2006-05-09 Westfalia Separator Ag Skimmer device for discharging liquid from a centrifugal drum
US8466253B1 (en) 2012-06-29 2013-06-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Poly(phenylene ether) process
US8859646B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2014-10-14 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Poly(phenylene ether) process

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2036924A (en) * 1933-05-19 1936-04-07 Lambiotte Freres Ets Process and apparatus for the continuous extraction or treatment of liquids
US2230210A (en) * 1937-01-02 1941-01-28 Laval Separator Co De Process and apparatus for saturating fruit juices and other liquids with gas
US2261394A (en) * 1937-05-29 1941-11-04 Separator Nobel Ab Centrifuge for the dewaxing of oils
US2261724A (en) * 1938-05-17 1941-11-04 Separator Nobel Ab Process for dewaxing hydrocarbon oils

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2036924A (en) * 1933-05-19 1936-04-07 Lambiotte Freres Ets Process and apparatus for the continuous extraction or treatment of liquids
US2230210A (en) * 1937-01-02 1941-01-28 Laval Separator Co De Process and apparatus for saturating fruit juices and other liquids with gas
US2261394A (en) * 1937-05-29 1941-11-04 Separator Nobel Ab Centrifuge for the dewaxing of oils
US2261724A (en) * 1938-05-17 1941-11-04 Separator Nobel Ab Process for dewaxing hydrocarbon oils

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2779537A (en) * 1950-08-01 1957-01-29 Samuel D Jarvis Fluid contacting apparatus
US3081027A (en) * 1959-01-08 1963-03-12 Can Amera Oil Sands Dev Ltd Centrifuge control
US3108954A (en) * 1959-04-02 1963-10-29 Westphalia Separator A G Safety device for centrifuges
US3150981A (en) * 1960-08-15 1964-09-29 James B Redd Process for recovery of residual juice from pulp of fruits and vegetables
US3317126A (en) * 1965-01-14 1967-05-02 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Centrifuge discharge means
US3630432A (en) * 1968-06-06 1971-12-28 Alfa Laval Ab Apparatus for separating a liquid mixture
US5405307A (en) * 1992-09-21 1995-04-11 Alfa Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator with a paring device
US6176820B1 (en) * 1997-03-13 2001-01-23 Alfa Laval Ab Connection device for a centrifugal separator
US7041045B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2006-05-09 Westfalia Separator Ag Skimmer device for discharging liquid from a centrifugal drum
US8859646B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2014-10-14 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Poly(phenylene ether) process
US8466253B1 (en) 2012-06-29 2013-06-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Poly(phenylene ether) process
WO2014003819A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Poly(phenylene ether) process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL146401B (nl)
CH282475A (de) 1952-04-30
GB674668A (en) 1952-06-25
NL71025C (en, 2012)

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