US2621389A - Vertically sliding mold for molding concrete structures - Google Patents

Description

2,621 389 VERTICALLY SLIDING MOLD FOR MOLDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Dec. 16, 1952 E. J. vow HEIDENSTAM Err-AL Filed Nov. 24. 1948 De. 16, 1952 E. J. VON HEIDENSTAM ETAL 2,621,389

VERTICALLY SLIDING MOLD FOR MOLDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed NOV. 24. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 6, 1952 E. J. VON HEIDENSTAM srAL 9 VERTICALLY SLIDING MOLD FOR MOLDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES I Filed NOV. 24. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 1952 E. J. VON HEIDENSTAM ETAL 2,621,

VERTICALLY SLIDING MOLD FOR MOLDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed Nov. 24. 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 13. FigJZ.

L I] I 40 Patented Dec. 16, 1952 UNITED STATES Par-em OFFICE 2,621,339 VERTICALLY SLIDING MOLD FOR MOLDING CONCRETE sTRUorUm s Erik Johan von Heidenstam, Stockholm, and

Emrik Ivar Sweden 1 Lindman, Ronninge,-"Ekbackeri;

Application November 24, 1948, Serial No. 61,8512

In Sweden November'24,1947 4 Claims. (Cl. 25131) peciallyfif'. performed manually by the use of screw-jacks, it isimpossible toprovide for exactsegue; lifting at all points. If, on the other hand, hydraulic or pneumatic lifters are used, it'is certainly possible, by adapting the heightof lifting to a minimum to control the inclination to the vertical of the platform which will occur as a consequence, but even a very small inclination involves substantial frictional forces between the wall-moul dsand the concrete wall, and simultaneously forces produced by the horizontal, angularity acting on the wall subject the freshly pouredfconcrete'to a greater stress than it can usually resist.

The invention, the purpose of which is to provide a more rapid process of moulding by using sliding moulds, involving a minimum of stresses upon the fresh concrete, still remaining within the height ofthe mould or immediately below the same, is chiefly characterized by the fact that the wars; of the moulds are made up of a number of rigid elements, which, in relation to each other, at least to 'a certain extent, are movably or resilien'tly connected to' each other and that the connections between the linings of the mould and the working platforms and the brace work, respectively, are yielding.

The invention will be more fully explained hereinafter with reference to a number of embodimerits of the same diagrammatically shown in the' attached drawing and in connection therewith furthercharacteristic features of the invention will be set forth. 1 I Y the drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a practical embodiment of the sliding mould device according to'this'invention. Fig. 2 is aplan view of 'Fig. 1. Fig. 3' is an enlarged View of a detail of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a detail of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic reduced'plan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic plan view of a modified supporting device for thei sliding "mould?- Fig"? shows a detail of Fig. Fig.8 showsa lnodified mould lining. 9 shows a yoke construction according to th 'nve'ntion. 'Fi'gsi 10' and ll'both show" a horizontal section of the yoke of Fig. 9 taken on the line X -xjandxl -XI, respectively."

section of awan" of'th'e buildingaccording"to Fig. 12 surrounded by a'sliding mould' Fig: 14' is'fa ljiorizontal section ofa corner of the "same building together" with surrounding parts of' 'the sliding mould device." "15 "is a vertical section takenadja'centto a corner 'Qf'the-buiIding';

w en pouringimo moulds of the previously known rigid typ'eficare must be taken that the lifting occurs substantially "concentrically; that is, that there will be no or only negligible'inclination to the verticalof themould (and of the entire arrangement)" during the lifting process, since otherwise librizontal 'stresses on the still'urisettled concrete wan" will arise, especially in? horizontalc'ro's's section of the c'oncre'te' wall, at the levelof the l'owene'dge' ofthe mould. With relatively greatinclination of the entire m'ould' assembly, said stressesmay become so" heavy 'that' breakswill occurin' theconereteWaII and a poured ring beincluded'in thelifting'movement of the mould;

This'diffi'culty is eliminated inaccordance with top. Numeral It designates'an inner wall which also comprises rigid," independently movable sections. The mould' secti'onspf bothwalls have in common that they are peripherally held together at the top."The walls of the moulds are held together by means of a number of yokes H ar-' ranged around the periphery, which yokes serve, partly,- to maintain the distance between the mould walls 9 and! llin diametricaldirection, and forcarryingthemouldf Y Fig. 1 further illustrates a stage in moulding a concrete wall-fora silo' l2; theyokeslhand thereby the mould 9,10 being lifted bya numberof hydraulic, so called climb fasteners l3, climb-" ing'on climb irons '14 arranged in' thebonc'rets wall '12. "For the purpose of stiffening the"clim'b iron M", a 'stiifening pipe 15 extends from the'top of the'yoke'or from thecliinb' fastener '13 proper down into the concrete. The length of said pipe may varyin many ways and if one, for example;

i g .12 is a planview of a building of rectangular; cross section irio'ur'se of being moulded eythe use are sliding mouldf Fig. 13 is a vertical making it possible to recapture the climb iron i4 after the moulding has been finished, because said climb iron has, for reasons easily understood, not become solidly embedded in the concrete l2.

A working platform I 8 belonging to the moulding apparatus is by means of a number of clawlike bent-over forks ll, hingedly connected to yokes H, each supporting a climb fastener. The manner in which said joint is constructed, is more clearly shown in Fig. 3, wherein l8 designates a bearing pin protruding on both sides of a yoke H, said pin serving as a support and bearing for a fork H, the claw-shaped part of which clasps the pin from above. This connection is shaped in such a way, as to permit turning movements as well as displacing movements between yoke and latform if the latform should diverge from its horizontal position. In order to provide for a distribution of the lifting forces even to such zones of the mould periphery. there are no climb fasteners. In accordance with Figs. 1 and 2, a number of fork members l9 are provided, which contrary to previously mentioned members ll have the claw-enclasped cavity turned upwardly, but otherwise the same relative movements may be permitted, like the fork H. An enlarged view of the fork 19 which engages the bearing pin from below is shown in Fig. 4.

The apparatus is also provided with an upright 20 fixed in the center of the platform and at the lower end of said upright. a number of rods 2| are, with one of their ends, fixed so as to form a framework together with said platform.

The other ends of said rods are fastened to the fork-members i1 and i9. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 there are three hydraulic lifters l3 placed at equal distances apart around the periphery of the mould, that is with a displacement of 120. The entire sliding mould equipment and workers on the platform US are lifted by the three lifters I3, said lifters through the respective framework l6, 2 l effect a lifting force on the upright 20.

In performing a rapid and safe slide moulding process without disturbing the freshly poured concrete it is advantageous to arrange three main carrying points for the mould and platform. However in lifting a wall mould it is most desirable to have more carrying points than three. For this reason the framework system converges to an upright 20. Thus, the three primary lifting points are, through the system in question, able to transfer and distribute lifting forces to as many points at the periphery as may be desirable.

As apparent from Fig. 1. all hinge-points or bearing pins l8 are positioned, as seen in a. plan view, between the inner and outer walls of the mould. Conforming to Figs. 5 and 9 the platform l6, lattice work 2! and walls 9-40 are arranged in such a way in relation to each other that an imagined elongation of the beams I6 of the platform and further of the struts 2| of the lattice work intersect one another on the vertical line through the hinged connection to the mould.

The plane in which the lifting forces are primarily distributed between two lifting points or hinged points 8 are represented by the line 23 in the plan of the sliding mould arrangement according to Figs. 1 and 2 shown in Fig. 5 on smaller scale. The mould sections will thereby be caused to have a tendency to become oblique through the effect of gravity, since the vertical plane through the turning axis. 23 is located within the center plane of gravity of the section. Mostly, especially in very light mould sections or in low moulds this has no importance. Yet in other cases when it is of more importance that the planes of turning, gravity points and sliding frictions should coincide or at least approximate one another, the hinged points 8 according to the invention may be displaced outside the outerlining of the mould as diagrammatically shown in Fig. 6, whereby the planes will, instead, co-incide with that designated by 24 in the figure. The suspension is more clearly depicted in Fig. 7.

When moulding relatively thin concrete walls the climb irons when deflected and further the encasing, stiffening pipe, when in positions inclined to the vertical, weaken the wall to a considerable degree simultaneously as the cross section of the wall decreases. For such reason one may, according to the invention, provide for instance the outer lining with bulges, designated by 25 in Fig. 8, whereby the mould will produce a wall having a number of external vertical concrete cords. It may be true that such cords are not from a point of beauty, to be preferred, but they will give the wall an increased resistance against the actuation of external forces, such as wind etc. during its construction as well as its final use.

Moulds of the last mentioned type will, for

reasons easily appreciated, be eccentrically acted upon relative to the center of gravity, while a corresponding eccentric actuation in the opposite direction is obtained within the middle portion of the mould section. The moments of the frictional forces acting upon the entire mould section may thus, replacing the lifting points outwardly in accordance with Fig. 7, be brought to equally distribute themselves around the line of connection between the lifting points.

Another detail which in a preferable manner contributes to the stiffness of the system is found in the shaping of the yoke H, as shown in Fig. 9, which yokes having only one bridge member, (made up of two riveted plates 26) may be made low (that is, their topmost edges do not extend far above the platform) and in any case present sufficient stiffness. The lifter I3 is then placed above the bridge member.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 9-11 a yoke H is fixed to one of the ends of a rigid mould section, according to the invention, said yoke being made up of two vertical yoke legs from angle iron, extending within the section and somewhat above same. Fixed to the topmost part of each yoke leg is an angle iron 21, of the same dimension, by means of scam welding, making the cross section of each such yoke leg quadrant at the top part in accordance with Fig. 10. The cross section of the base part of the same le is apparent in Fig. 11. Through this arrangement the yokes will be as close to the moulded product as possible, which means that the eccentricity of the lifting force transferred will attain a minimum. In other respects the arrangements will be very simple and inexpensive, will lend itself to simple assembly and disassembly and will facilitate considerably the distribution of concrete from the platform since the yoke in this manner will not encroach on the space for a turnable hopper for the distribution of the concrete, placed on the platform, said hopper being hereinafter described.

Such a hopper 28 is shown in Figs. 1-2 and comprises a basket, movable on wheels. Two radially extending rods 30 turnable around the middle upright 20 serve as shafts for the hopper. When distributing concrete to the mould the concrete is hoisted off the ground in a vessel 3! by means of a hoist whereaft'er the vessel is swung over the:

hopper- 28 and emptied in same by the opening of-"a-lid' Stat the bottom ofthe vessel. From thehopper theconcrete is in turn distributed to the be noted" that it might in certain casesbe preferable to let the outer lining Q- of the mould rise higher than the inner one, thus forming a screen, preventing the concrete from being thrown outside the linings of. the moulds when transferring concrete from the'hopper 28to the mould.

The-apparatus accordingto the invention purported to eliminate the anaularity of-a wall mould due to unequal lifting-at lifting points in different walls, may also be ap lied to slide moulding of, for, example dwelling houses. The wall ,mould is then shaped as panels and the; lateral pressures acting; upon same are taken up by a number; of yokes of which certain are provided with lifters. Assuming that-the working platform during the lifting operation becomes o'blioue said condition will ,not' involve angularitt or the introduction of undesired horizontal strains upon the wall moulds. The internal corners are shaped so that vertical forces may be transferred from one side wall to another, without the moulds in question being mutually rigidly connected in horizontal direct on. The movement of one mould in this case will not give such a fastening to the adjacent mould wall, that additional loads will be imposed upon the fresh poured concrete.

A sliding mould for the moulding of dwelling houses and the like is shown in Figs. 12-15, in which 34 designates an outer mould, made up of a number of plane sheets of plate. Further, 35 designates an inner mould, built up in the same way. Both moulds are sustained in a plurality of points by yokes 36, of a shape shown in Fig. 13, some of the yokes being provided with climb fasteners in a manner previously described in connection with annular concrete moulds. These climb fasteners may preferably be positioned at equal distances apart around the mould. Protruding from the legs of the yokes 35 are triangular brackets 31welded thereto, said brackets carrying beams which in turn carry a plurality of cross beams 39. These latter form a support for a working platform 49 made of iron plate or boards.

In order that the sliding mould in oblique position will not impair the concrete column being in course of moulding, the corner connections are made yielding as is ap arent from Figs. 14 and 15. The iron sheets. forming the mould. are stiffened by angle irons M and 42 respectively in vertical as well as in horizontal direction, two such angle irons 4| at the corners of the outer lining of the mould being only joined by a bolt 43, wh le depending essentially freely adjacent each other. A similar arrangement is also provided at the corners of the innerlining of the mould. As more clearly appears from the verti-- cal cross section shown in Fig. 15 a rectangular plate is fixed by welding to the topmost part of the angle irons of one of the walls of the mould, said plate by means of a bolt 45 fixing one side of the mo ld to that placed at right angles thereto. For the rest both walls of the mould depend essentially freely, though relatively adjacent each other.

With possible oblique condition of the working platform, caused by unequal lifting at different points the inner and outer linings of the mould may permanently maintain their vertical positime, without subjecting the-mass of concrete to horizontal shearing forces at the lower part. This-- may beattained: since the corner connectionsbetween the linings of the mould: are yielding" and since the-beams resting loosely oneach other in such an obliquety are able freely to assume such positions, that moments of power affectingthe concre-te-therebyare avoided.

We claim:

1'. A- concrete casting apparatus, comprising inner and outer walls forming a sliding mould, said walls being connected and spacedapart by a pluralityof" yokes for lifting the mould, lifters rigidly connected with some of theyokes andadapted to climb up reinforcing rods whil'e lift ing themould, a working platform consisti'ngofi a rig-id framesystem, covered by a floor, said work? ingplatform being freelyand 'articulatelysustained from said yokesby means of carrying pins protruding from said yokes, and provided; with a plurality of brackets reaching beyond its edges in register with the pins of the yokes, those of the brackets registering with said lifters having a notch cut therein from below, the faces, of said notches straddling corresponding pins, which latter thus provide support for the entire platform.

2. A concrete casting apparatus, comprising inner and outer Walls forming a sliding mould said walls being connected and spaced apart by a plurality of yokes for lifting the mould, lifters rigidly connected with some of the yokes and adapted to climb up reinforcing rods while lifting the mould, a working platform consisting of a rigid frame system covered by a floor, said working platform being freely sustained from said yokes by means of carrying pins protruding from said yokes and provided with a plurality of brackets reaching beyond its edges in register with the pins of the yokes, those of the brackets registering with said lifters having a notch cut therein from below, the faces of said notches straddling corresponding pins, which latter thus provide support for the entire platform, the rest of the brackets, registering with those of the yokes having no lifters, being provided with a notch in their top surface, lastmentioned notches gripping with their faces corresponding pins from below, in order to assist in lifting the mould by distributing lifting forces transferred through the platform to those yokes having no lifter, thereby promoting a most uniform lifting of the entire mould.

3. An apparatus for casting houses, silos and the like, comprising inner and outer walls forming a sliding mould, said walls being connected and spaced apart by a plurality of yokes for lifting the mould, lifters rigidly connected with some of the yokes and adapted to climb up reinforcing rods while lifting the mould, a working platform constituted by a rigid frame system covered by a floor and further of a post located centrally of the mould below said platform, a spider of braces connecting the base of the post with the edges of the platform, said working platform being freely sustained from said yokes by means of carrying pins protruding from said yokes and provided with a plurality of brackets reaching beyond its edges in register with the pins of the yokes, those of the brackets registering with said lifters having a notch cut therein from below, the faces of said notches straddling corresponding pins, which latter thus provide support for the entire platform, the rest of the brackets registering with those of the yokes having no lifters, being provided with a notch in their top surface, last mentioned notches gripping with their faces corresponding pins from below, in order to assist in lifting the mould by distributing lifting forces transferred through the platform to those yokes having no lifter, thereby promoting a most uniform lifting of the entire mould.

l. An apparatus for casting concrete buildings and silos comprising inner and outer walls forming a sliding mould, both walls being built up of a number of rigid sections bolted together into loose engagement so as to permit a limited relative motion therebetween, said walls being connected and spaced apart by a plurality of yokes for lifting the mould, lifters rigidly connected with some of the yokes and adapted to climb up reinforcing rods while lifting the mould, a working platform consisting of a rigid frame system covered by a floor, said working platform being freely sustained from said yokes by means of carrying pins protruding from said yokes and provided with a plurality of brackets reaching beyond its edges in register with the pins of the yokes, those of the brackets registering with said lifters having a notch out therein from below, the faces of said notches straddling corresponding pins, which latter thus provide support for the entire platform, the rest of the brackets, registering with those of the yokes having no lifters, being provided with a notch in their top surface, last mentioned notches gripping with their faces corresponding pins from below, in order to assist in lifting the mould by distributing lifting forces transferred through the platform to those yokes having no lifter, thereby promoting a most uniform lifting of the entire mould.

ERIK JOE-IAN VON I-IEIDENSTAM.

EMRIK IVAR LINDMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 908,326 Polk Dec. 29, 1908 942,403 McCoy Dec. 7, 1909 980,020 Spencer et al Dec. 27, 1910 1,075,454 Whipple Oct. 14, 1913 1,127,369 Nash Feb. 2, 1915 1,165,586 Fraser et a1. Dec. 28, 1915 1,891,160 Jespersen Dec. 13, 1932 2,440,920 Stepanian May 4, 1948

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