US2617075A - Electric discharge tube comprising means for producing and deflecting an electron beam - Google Patents

Electric discharge tube comprising means for producing and deflecting an electron beam Download PDF

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Publication number
US2617075A
US2617075A US153066A US15306650A US2617075A US 2617075 A US2617075 A US 2617075A US 153066 A US153066 A US 153066A US 15306650 A US15306650 A US 15306650A US 2617075 A US2617075 A US 2617075A
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United States
Prior art keywords
apertures
electrode
given
collector electrode
path
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Expired - Lifetime
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US153066A
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English (en)
Inventor
Adrianus Johannes Wilhel Marie
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/02—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
    • H01J31/04—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with only one or two output electrodes with only two electrically independant groups or electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
    • H03K21/08—Output circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K29/00—Pulse counters comprising multi-stable elements, e.g. for ternary scale, for decimal scale; Analogous frequency dividers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric discharge tubes comprising means for producing and defleeting an electron beam in which the electron beam is adapted to be held in determined positions by current distribution between two ormore collecting electrodes.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 show characteristic curves of electric discharge tubes of the type to which the invention is directed
  • FIG. 3 is a .schematicshowing of an electric discharge tube system in accordance with the invention
  • Fig.4 is a schematic showing of a frontal view of a portion of-zan electric discharge tube in accordance with the invention.
  • the object'of the invention is to mitigate these difilculties.
  • an electric discharge tube comprising a cathode, one or more collecting electrodes and several auxiliary electrodes together-with means for beamingthe electrons, and suitable for use in a circuit-arrange ment in which the beam is held in determined positions by current distribution between at least two collecting electrodes and by at least one circuit connected to these electrodes, andin which the variation of the current flowing to at least one collecting electrode as a function of the defiection voltage has a number of maxima and minima, is characterized in that one collecting electrode hasa number of apertures-provided side by side'in the direction of deflection of the beam, the dimensions of these apertures in the direction o'fdefiection of the beam being smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the sectional area ofthe beam.
  • the widthrof the beam may be approximately half or more of the spacing between two maxiina of the anode current variations, so that with tube dimensions and voltages which are otherwise the same, the beam current may be inci'eased considerably.
  • the width of beam is to be understoodto refer to that part of the crosssection of the beam in which the electron density is more than 10% of the maximum density.
  • the dimensions of the apertures arranged in a row are matched to the sectional areaof the beam, since, when the beam approaches the deflection-plate l4 (atD, Fig.1 or 2), the current flowing to the collecting electrode or anode I 6 in Fig. 3 decreases so. that the anode voltage is higher than if the. be'am 'i's at A (Fig. l or 2) in the proximityof the 'deflectibn plate 13. Consequently, the apertures-froin l to 9 v(Fig.
  • the collecting electrode or anode 16 may, for example, be plate-shaped or be made of electrically interconnected rods.
  • a suppressor grid may be provided, for example at 18. In order to prevent the beam from being interrupted when passing by the suppressor-grid Wires, these wires are arranged parallel to the direction of deflection. If necessary, a plurality of such suppressor grids may be provided.
  • Such an electrode is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the slits l, 2, 3 and 4 are here 0.3 mm. wide. Since it may technically be difficult to make the slits still narrower, the slits l and 2 are in this case shorter than the other slits. Owing to the dispersion of the beam according as the deflection takes place towards the aperture In, the apertures and the intermediate spaces become wider and wider towards slit [0. Thus, the slit 9 has a width of 0.65 mm.
  • Rods I8 constitute a suppressor grid arranged at the cathode-side of the electrode IS.
  • the height of the beam is preferably chosen to be greater than the height of the apertures.
  • the gradual increase of the direct current component of the anode current may, then be obtained, for example, by providing a key-shaped aperture, which becomes wider towards slit In, above the row of slits.
  • a key-shaped aperture which becomes wider towards slit In, above the row of slits.
  • irregularities are liable to occur if the beam shifts slightly upwards or downwards. Consequently, instead of a key-shaped aperture a short slit [9 and a long slit 2B, are provided, which slits l9 and extend parallel to the direction of deflection.
  • the apertures l9 and 20 are arranged, respectively, above and below the rows of slits ll to ID, whilst the position of the suppressor-grid wires is chosen to be exactly such that the shadows of the wires viewed in the direction Of the beam constitute the boundaries of the upper and lower sides of the slits l9 and 20.
  • provided at the beginning of the slit 20 ensuring that only approximately half of the electrons falling through this part of the aperture 20 can reach the anode located behind it.
  • the sectional area of the beam must be larger than that of the apertures I to 9 follows from the fact that otherwise the maxima of the current flowing through the collecting electrode concerned would be restricted to a determined value, since the beam is in this case capable of passing completely through the slits, so that the variation shown in Figs. 1 and 2 would not be obtained.
  • the strips between the slits are also preferably made narrower than the width of the beam, in order to ensure a smooth variation of the minima. Otherwise an angular variation of the anode-current characteristic curve would result, which is generally undesirable. It is furthermore advantageous if the width of the strips between the slits of the perforated collecting electrode l5 exceeds the width of the adjacent slits.
  • the tube according to the invention ensures reliable operation with a simple tube construction of small size, which does not require any critical adjustment;
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned spaced apertures intersecting said given path, said apertures having a cross-sectional dimension smaller than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to' thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a ribbonsh'aped beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of thebeam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect saidbeam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned slitshaped spaced apertures intersecting said given path, said apertures having a dimension parallel to said given path smaller than the width dimension of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximumand minimum current distribution between said :apertured electrode and said collector electrode;
  • 32'AI1 electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions andlto direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means, a suppressor system interposed between said apertured electrode and said generating means, and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned spaced apertures intersecting said given path, said apertures having a cross-sectional dimension smaller than the corresponding crosssectional dimension of said beam, said suppressor system comprising a plurality of wire elements arranged substantially parallel to said given path, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam topositions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned spaced apertures intersecting said given path, said apertures having a cross-sectional dimension smaller than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of said beam and the spacing between said apertures being greater than the width of said apertures, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned spaced apertures intersecting said given path, said apertures having width and breadth dimensions smaller than the corresponding dimensions of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generatea beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of spaced apertures aligned ina row and a further aperture, arranged atone side of said row, said apertures intersecting said given path and the apertures in said row having to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between saidapertured. electrode and said collector electrode, N
  • An electron tube for an impulse, counting system comprising means to generate a beam oi? electrons of given cross-sectional d mensions and to direct the said beam in a iven direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an aperturedelectrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam alonga iv n p t said ap r r le ode-bein 12mvided with a plurality of spaced apertures aligned in a row and further apertures arranged one at each side of said row, said apertures intersecting said given path and the apertures in said row having a cross-sectional dimension smaller than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of the said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode;
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned slit shaped spaced apertures arranged with their longitudinal axis normal to the direction of movement of said beam and further slot shaped apertures arranged one at each side of said row and with their longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of movement of said beam, said apertures intersecting said given path and the said slit-shaped apertures having a width dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with a plurality of aligned slit shaped spaced apertures arranged with their longitudinal axis normal to the direction of movement of said beam and further slot shaped apertures arranged one at each side of said row and with their longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of movement of said beam, one of said slots having a portion thereof provided with a metal gauze coating, said slitshaped apertures having a dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said defleeting means to thereby deflect said beam to 7 positions of maximum and minimum iirr'fit distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collector electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along a given path, said apertured electrode being provided with ,a plurality of aligned slit shaped spaced apertures :arranged in a row with their longitudinal axis :normal to the direction of movement of said beam, the apertures at the extremes of said row having a greater width than the intermediate apertures, said apertures intersecting said given path and having a width dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of said beam, and means to couple one of said electrodes to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode.
  • An electron tube for an impulse counting system comprising means to generate a beam of electrons of given cross-sectional dimensions and to direct the said beam in a given direction, a collector electrode system arranged in the path of the beam, an apertured electrode interposed between said collect-or electrode and said generating means and means to deflect said beam along 'a given path, said apertured electrode 'being provided with a plurality of aligned slit-shaped 8; spaced apertures arranged in a row with the longitudinal axis normal to the direction of movement of said beam, said collector electrode system comprising a first portion adjacent to one extreme of said row of apertures and a second portion adjacent to apertures intermediate to said extremes of said row, said apertures having a width dimension smaller than the :corresponding dimension of said beam, and means to couple said collector electrode portions to said deflecting means to thereby deflect said beam to positions of maximum and minimum current distribution between said apertured electrode and said collector electrode system.

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US153066A 1949-04-09 1950-03-31 Electric discharge tube comprising means for producing and deflecting an electron beam Expired - Lifetime US2617075A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL279758X 1949-04-09

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US2617075A true US2617075A (en) 1952-11-04

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US (1) US2617075A (ja)
BE (1) BE495017A (ja)
CH (1) CH279758A (ja)
DE (1) DE814627C (ja)
FR (1) FR1019650A (ja)
GB (1) GB684580A (ja)
NL (1) NL75367C (ja)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2053268A (en) * 1933-01-26 1936-09-08 Davis Merlin Cathode ray tube
US2417450A (en) * 1945-05-02 1947-03-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2433403A (en) * 1942-08-29 1947-12-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge apparatus
US2463535A (en) * 1946-03-22 1949-03-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2477008A (en) * 1945-08-01 1949-07-26 Rosen Leo Electrical apparatus
US2496633A (en) * 1947-12-24 1950-02-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multitarget cathode-ray device
US2516752A (en) * 1948-09-30 1950-07-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coding tube for pulse code modulation signals
US2522291A (en) * 1945-09-20 1950-09-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cathode-ray tube with target controlled deflecting plates
US2532747A (en) * 1948-03-16 1950-12-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Circuit arrangement comprising a cathode-ray tube
US2532738A (en) * 1946-10-23 1950-12-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Arrangement comprising a cathoderay tube having means for deflecting the cathode-ray beam

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2053268A (en) * 1933-01-26 1936-09-08 Davis Merlin Cathode ray tube
US2433403A (en) * 1942-08-29 1947-12-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge apparatus
US2417450A (en) * 1945-05-02 1947-03-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2477008A (en) * 1945-08-01 1949-07-26 Rosen Leo Electrical apparatus
US2522291A (en) * 1945-09-20 1950-09-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cathode-ray tube with target controlled deflecting plates
US2463535A (en) * 1946-03-22 1949-03-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2532738A (en) * 1946-10-23 1950-12-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Arrangement comprising a cathoderay tube having means for deflecting the cathode-ray beam
US2561057A (en) * 1946-10-23 1951-07-17 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Circuit arrangement comprising a cathode beam tube provided with means for deflecting the cathode beam
US2496633A (en) * 1947-12-24 1950-02-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multitarget cathode-ray device
US2532747A (en) * 1948-03-16 1950-12-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Circuit arrangement comprising a cathode-ray tube
US2516752A (en) * 1948-09-30 1950-07-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coding tube for pulse code modulation signals

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Publication number Publication date
CH279758A (de) 1951-12-15
DE814627C (de) 1951-09-24
GB684580A (en) 1952-12-17
BE495017A (ja)
FR1019650A (fr) 1953-01-23
NL75367C (ja)

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