US261325A - Philo s - Google Patents

Description

P. s. EWINS-- SAP EVAPORATOR.

No. 261,325. l Patented July 18.11882.,

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UNITED STATES i PATENT OFFICE.

PHILO S. EVVINS, OF WEST BERKSHIRE, VERMONT.

SAP-EVA Po RATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 261,325, dated #July 18, 1882,

` Application med May-1,1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I,PHILO S. EWINs, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at West Berkshire, in the countyr of Franklin and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sap-Evaporators and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the inven- `in sap-evaporators, the purpose of which is to so direct and utilize the heat necessary to carry, on the operation of boiling sap as to obtainl a rapid evaporation of the sap with the consumption of a comparatively small quantity of fuel; secondly, to cause the heat'andflame to be carried beyond the rear ends of the tlues and be directed against the bottom of lthe sap- .heater before entering said hues; thirdly, to

regulate the draft through the return-lines and to enable the Sirup-compartment or one or more sections in the evaporating-pan to be sufciently protected from the heat when necessary; and, lastly,to cut olf the `products of combustion from the returnfines and cause vthem to pass directly into the smoke-box.

To these ends my invention consists of the parts substantially as hereinafter described,

andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

,Figure 1 is longitudinal vertical section of my improved sap-evaporator on the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a transversevertical section on line x a: of Fi g. 2. Fig.

4 is a similar view on line z z of Fig. 2, and Fig. .5 is a transverse vertical section on line 'to fw ofFig. 2.

Corresponding parts in the several figures .are indicated by similar letters ot' reference.

In the annexed drawings, A marks afurnace provided with the grates B and door G, and

4adaptedtoreceivemyimprovedsap-evaporator, Vwhich rests upon and forms, with the plate I,

to be hereinafter set forth, the top of said furnace.

D represents the levaporating-pan, preferably of a rectangular shape, and divided 1ongitudinally by partitions into a sirup-.compartment, E, and a number of sections, F, having each an internal smoke-flue, G. rlhe smokeflues project in the present instance slightly beyond the front of the pan, so as to enter the short connecting pipes h, opening into the smoke-box H, which latter has a smoke-exit to Vcarry off the products of combustion. vThis provision ofthe short connecting-pipes is adapt- 'ed to prevent contactV of the smoke-box with the front Wall of the evaporating-pan, to avoid burning or discoloration of the sap contained in said pan, and, further, to provide for the ex,- pansion and contraction of the pan.

I marks a plate resting on the furnace-walls between the pan and the smoke-box, to prevent the escape of smoke or flame from the fire-box at that point.

The smoke-box is providedV with a sliding register-damper, J, arranged forward of and meeting-pipes h, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and in section in Fig. 1. When in its normal position the openings in the damper register with the pipes h, so as not to impede the draft; but when drawn out, as shown in Fig. 3, the dampergolers an obstruction to the free passage of smoke, 85e., fromthe smokeiues to the smoke-box, causing a diminished draft through the hues, while not entirely shutting oft' the same. A

The smoke-box is further provided with a slide-damper, K, in the bottom thereof, to permit the smoke, &c., to pass from the lire-box, directly into the smoke-box, when the returnlu'es Gr are closed, as will be seen h( reinafter.

L marks thev sap-heater, arranged at the back of the evaporating-pan, and of less depth than said pan, so that its bottom will be above 'Ft-he"smoke-miese, and provided with a de. pending apron, l, resting on the furnace-walls,

to inclose the space caused by the difference in depth of the heater and pan. Supported by the walls within this space'is the deflector M, of less length and width than the heater, to provide an air-space between th e three sides m of said deiiector and the depending apron l of the heater. This air-space isprovidedto better retain theheat.

out of contact with the inner ends of the con- The bottom of the deector is provided with 'l an opening, N, extending across its rear end, and an upturned edge, n, so that as the products of combustion pass along the bottom of the evaporating-pan they will be carried be youd the fines in said pan, and, entering the opening N, he directed against the bottom of the heater, and thence pass into and through the smoke-dues and enter the smoke-box. By this arrangement of parts the heat will first 1o be directed where it is most needed-viz., against the bottom of the heater, into which Hows the sap from the holdin g-tank to be heated to or near theboiling-point before passing into the evaporating-pan.

I5 O marks a damper, made of a longer and shorter section, to cover the ends of the smokedues at the rear ofevaporating-pan, the shorter section of a length suiiicient to be inserted in an opening provided between the end of the 2o pan andthe depending apron of the heater, so as to close the end of the flue in the section next the Sirup-compartment, when the longer section of said damper is projected inwardly from the opposite side of the pan, by means of a similar opening, to cover the ends of the remaining fines, as clearly indicated in Fig. 5.

This construction is designed to permit the ilue in the last section, or that next the sirupcompartment, to be closed, when necessary, to

3o prevent the sap in said section from foaming and running over the partition into the sirupcompartment, while at the same time the free passage of heat and smoke through the remaining ilues is unobstructed.

When the damper, as a whole, is used, the

products of combustion are prevented from entering the dues, in which event, upon opening the damper K iu the smoke-box H, they will pass from the fire-box directly into said smoke- 4o box. This is carried out when it is desired to suspend the boiling operation for a time, or when the boiling is completed, the sap rcmoved, and the heater and pan partially filled with water to prevent damage to the parts 4 5 from heat.

A guard, P, is secured to the inside of the dedector in such manner as to form a V-shaped space iuclosed by the bottom of the heater and the defieetor, and of a width at its forward or 5o vopen end about equal to the width of the sirup- 'compartment in the pan, the purpose of which is to protect the rear wall of said Sirup-compartment from the strong heat, and thus prevent any damage to the sirup from scorching.

5 57,, A regulated dow of sap enters the heater at yg, and, down g in the path indicated by the arrows, because of the partitions extending from the sides with alternate openings at their ends, enters the outermost section of the evaporat- 6o ing-pan by means of the spout d, when it follows the route shown by the arrows until it flows'through the gatef, as is common in such pans.

Openings are made in the partitions, as

shown at c, Fig. 1, to permit the sap to flow from one section into another in the manner described.

The Sirup-compartment may be divided into two parts by the transverse partition provided with the gate c, and the sirup may be emptied 7o therefrom by means of the spout It.

The sap may be entirely discharged from the heater by raising the gate S.

The fines must be kept submerged when boiling sap, and one fine only is arranged in each section to enable the pan to be more easily cleaned and kept in working condition.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the cold sap entering the heater is heated to or near the boiling-point before passing into the 8o evaporating-pan, and after dowing through the several sections it enters as sirup into the sirupcompartment, whence it may -be discharged from the spout R; the smoke and heat are first directed against the bottom of the heater, and thence passing through the return-fines, are fully utilized to obtain a speedy reduction of sap to sirup; the sirop-compartment is protected from excessive heat; the draft through the returnflues can be easily and effectively 9o regulated; and, lastly, the said dues can he closed and the products of combustion he caused to pass directly from the fire into the smoke-box.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall a smoke-box, of an evaporating-pan provided with a number of fines, mo and a sub-chamber or receptacle arranged across its back or rear end, and a deiiector to cause the products of combustion to be carried beyond the rear ends of said dues before passing into the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall a smoke-box provided with a smoke-exit, of an evaporating-pau provided with a number of flues traversing its length, no and having a heater or sub-chamber arranged at its back, and a deiiector to cause the products of combustion to be carried beyond the rear ends of said dues and be directed against the bottom ofthe heater or sub-chamber before I r 5 entering the flues in said evaporating-pan, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall a smoke-box provided with a sliding register-damper anda smoke-exit, of 1 2o an evaporating-pan having a number of internal smoke-fines, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the evaporatingpan, divided longitudinally into the sirup-com- 125 partment and the sections, the latter provided each with an internal smoke-flue, of the damper O, made in two parts, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination,- with the evaporating- 13o pan, divided longitudinally into the Sirup-compartment and the sections, the latter provided each with au internal smoke-Hue, of the guard P, as and for the purpose set forth.

5 6. The evaporating-pan, divided longitudinally into the sirup compartment, provided with the gate f, and the sections F, having the openings c, and the sap-heater, arranged transa versely at the back of the evaporating-pan,

and provided with the spout d and gate S, in :o combination, substantially as shown 'and described.

ln testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

PHILO SEN IGA EWINS. Witnesses:

HENRY LADD, M. B. MARSH.

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