US261073A - Process of making leather - Google Patents
Process of making leather Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US261073A US261073A US261073DA US261073A US 261073 A US261073 A US 261073A US 261073D A US261073D A US 261073DA US 261073 A US261073 A US 261073A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- skins
- liquor
- leather
- sod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 28
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 30
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035617 depilation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
Definitions
- My improvement consists in utilizing this sod-oil liquor in the treatment of the skins at a certain stage of the process, whereby I am enabled to take all the glue from the skins (which heretofore has not been accomplished) and to greatly improve the leather in various respects. I will proceed to specify the method of applying this liquor in connection with the other and well-known parts of the process.
- the skins as usual, are first limed till the hair will come off and then the hair and flesh are neatly taken off. It is after this part of the process that I apply the sod-oil liquor obtained from a previous working of the process. I put the skinsin the sod-oil liquor (enough to cover them) and allow them to remain therein from one to eight days, according to the thickness of the skins. No absolutely definite rule as to time can here be given; but the workman readily learns by experience when the skins are in condition to take outot' the liquor.
- the effect of this soaking in the sod-oil liquor is to completely soften the glue all through the skins, so that it will mix with the oil in the subsequent part of the process and all wash out-an essential result for making perfect leather by the process.
- the skins are then milled with fish-oil in the usual way until the oil is worked completely through them. They are then taken out and hung up to dry until the oil becomes candied; then put in water enough to cover them, into which common potash and soda-ash in equal parts are dissolved, to out the oil in the skins, and milled till this is effected.
- the water or liquid is then drawn oft and more water added and drawn oft till the oil is all washed out.
- the treatment of the fat liquor washed out of the skins is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the quantity of sulphuric acid used in recovering the oil and glue of course varies with the quantity of oil and gluein theliquor, and no definite statement of proportion can be given.
- About ten pounds of the acid to fifty gallons of the liquor may be stated as an approximately average quantity.
- the leather made by thisimproved process being completely freed from the glue of the skins, is very superior in toughness and strength, in elasticity, pliability, freedom from stiffness after wetting, and in warmth and cloth-like quality.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EZRA W. AVERY, OF PLYMOUTH, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
PROCESS OF MAKING LEATHER.
SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 261,073, dated July 11, 1882. Application filed May 8, 1882. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern: I
Be it known that I, EZRA WV. AVERY, of Plymouth, in the county of Grafton and State of New Ham shire, haveinvented an Improved Process of 1V aking Leather; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.
In the old process, upon which my present process is an improvement, after the skins have been limed and fleshed, milled with oil, and dried, they are again milled with potash and soda in water until the oil is all out and washed out. The fat liquor which is drawn oft from this washing is composed of oil, water, potash, and soda and glue from the skins. This is treated with common oil of vitriol to recover this oil and glue, which mixture rises, like cream, on the surface of the liquor, which liquor is called sod-oil liquor, and heretofore has been thrown away as useless.
My improvement consists in utilizing this sod-oil liquor in the treatment of the skins at a certain stage of the process, whereby I am enabled to take all the glue from the skins (which heretofore has not been accomplished) and to greatly improve the leather in various respects. I will proceed to specify the method of applying this liquor in connection with the other and well-known parts of the process.
The skins, as usual, are first limed till the hair will come off and then the hair and flesh are neatly taken off. It is after this part of the process that I apply the sod-oil liquor obtained from a previous working of the process. I put the skinsin the sod-oil liquor (enough to cover them) and allow them to remain therein from one to eight days, according to the thickness of the skins. No absolutely definite rule as to time can here be given; but the workman readily learns by experience when the skins are in condition to take outot' the liquor. The effect of this soaking in the sod-oil liquor is to completely soften the glue all through the skins, so that it will mix with the oil in the subsequent part of the process and all wash out-an essential result for making perfect leather by the process. The skins are then milled with fish-oil in the usual way until the oil is worked completely through them. They are then taken out and hung up to dry until the oil becomes candied; then put in water enough to cover them, into which common potash and soda-ash in equal parts are dissolved, to out the oil in the skins, and milled till this is effected. The water or liquid is then drawn oft and more water added and drawn oft till the oil is all washed out. The skins are then hung up to dry, then colored, and finished on an emery-wheel, ready for use. The latter part of the process, after the treatment in the sod-oil liquor, is the usual method, and is here briefly stated to show the complete process and the connection of my improvement therewith.
The treatment of the fat liquor washed out of the skins is well known to those skilled in the art. The quantity of sulphuric acid used in recovering the oil and glue of course varies with the quantity of oil and gluein theliquor, and no definite statement of proportion can be given. About ten pounds of the acid to fifty gallons of the liquor may be stated as an approximately average quantity.
The leather made by thisimproved process, being completely freed from the glue of the skins, is very superior in toughness and strength, in elasticity, pliability, freedom from stiffness after wetting, and in warmth and cloth-like quality.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
The improvement in the process of making leather,which consistsintreatingtheskins with sod-oil liquor after the depilation of the same, whereby the glue in the skins is softened and made capable of mixing and of being washed out with the oil used in the subsequent treatmentof the skins, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.
EZRA W. AVERY.
Witnesses JOSEPH BURROWS, UHARLEs A. J EWELL.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US261073A true US261073A (en) | 1882-07-11 |
Family
ID=2330351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US261073D Expired - Lifetime US261073A (en) | Process of making leather |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US261073A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050103335A1 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2005-05-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modular respirators and a method of conversion thereof |
-
0
- US US261073D patent/US261073A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050103335A1 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2005-05-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modular respirators and a method of conversion thereof |
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