US2610308A - Hyperfrequency electron tube - Google Patents

Hyperfrequency electron tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2610308A
US2610308A US52238A US5223848A US2610308A US 2610308 A US2610308 A US 2610308A US 52238 A US52238 A US 52238A US 5223848 A US5223848 A US 5223848A US 2610308 A US2610308 A US 2610308A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
helix
tube
electron
wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US52238A
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English (en)
Inventor
Touraton Emile
Zwobada Rene
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2610308A publication Critical patent/US2610308A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor

Definitions

  • je1irninatey the ionsl produced by the' lectron beam ⁇ insidey the vacuun' ⁇ tu'lle- ⁇ and tofidthe tubef -of one 'cause of' naifasitic- "oscillations- ⁇ tvhich-occur frequentlyin-tubesof-this'kil'.
  • Fig. -1 shows schematica-uy a, ieres'srsgecton-ef'g- Fig;- 2 shows a cross section-y voi?I a-specic einb'oiii ment of thevnventioni
  • Fig. 1 shows an annuiai'jcatlodepiovied with an electron emissive'coatin'g heated ,byai-Iamem j(not shown) .
  • zinueftc the action offthis magnetieffem the electrons of the' beamV ⁇ rotate ⁇ about'- ⁇ a'ixi-sf 5 of. the tube A' l A FfolloW-ingthe' electron-gun,l -is'z-prov'itfed an electrode 6; whichfisshownschematicallyfon 'the drawing as afcyI-indrical-tube coaxial WithfaX-is ofthef-tube. electrode -is broughtA high potential.
  • the adjustment of the intensity of the longitudinal magnetic eld and that of the radialelectrical eld make it possible to vary, within certain limits, the mean diameter and the thickness of the tubular electron beam I I at the level of the oscillating circuit.
  • the longitudinal eld of the electrons which'is low when the electrons leave the electron gun in 9 increases in the interl5 val separating the electron gun from electrodes Sand'l.
  • Fig. 2 shows a specic embodiment of the vacuum tube represented schematically on Fig.
  • the tubular cathode -beam is generated by ⁇ the sake ofclarity. While wave guides 28 and 2 9 are used for the input and output connections,
  • Rod 34 is maintained inside the collector electrode 3I by an insulating i riiig ⁇ 44. stituted for example by wave'guidesvor coaxial an electron gun I2 comprising for instance; aj,
  • cathode I3 of annular shape at the end I4 of which isv deposited an electron emissive coating
  • a ,concentrating electrode comprising members I5, VI6 and I'I.
  • Y Member II is screwed inside element I6 and holds the cathode I3 by means of a mica disc I8 on which the said cathode is mounted.
  • Member I6 is screwedinto member I5 which is held in placebythree insulating rods I9 at 120 one from the other.
  • following the electron gun is held by aninsulating rod22 extending insidemembers I6 and Il-"
  • the three rods I9 hold in place at one of their ends'another tubular electrode 23 on whichrepose three insulating rods 24 at 120 one from the otherl (only one of these rods is shown on the. drawing) in order to avoid confusing the drawings.
  • the helically wound ribbonv 25 is held on place inside the tube, by the three 4insulating-rods 24.
  • This helix is provided at both ends with radiating antennae 26 and 2'1 which, with -the input and output-Wave guides 28 and 29, terminate it with the appropriate impedances.
  • antenna 26 is connected to electrode 23and the endk lead of antenna 21 toV electrodeSEJ similar to-electrode 23. Electrodes 23 and ⁇ iilare thus brought to the same potential as ribbon 25.
  • the collector arrangement comprises ⁇ a collector lan insulating member 36 and the other end of the central electrode is held in place by means of an insulating member 3T which is xed. to electrode 2I. provided Ywhich tends toL push electrodes 34 and 32 one against the other.
  • This resilient arrangement is not visible on the gures and may be constituted for instance by a spring inside member I6.
  • the electrical connectionof electrodes 2l and 34 with the central electrode 35 is made bymeans of small size conductors 38 and 39 wound in the shape of a spring Which-may be provided with a coating in order to present an increased attenuation.
  • This connection is shown by wayv of .example, but itis possible to use otherponnecting
  • the end lead of A resilient arrangement can be Y In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 an electromagnetic wave ⁇ travels along the helix. There is no appreciable axial electrical component, and,
  • the distance between two consecutive turns of the helix is chosen inv suchra way that. the time, taken by the electrons to flow over this distance, be equal to ⁇ one ⁇ halfperiod of theapplied high frequency Wave.
  • theV same electrons are always subjected to the same high frequency eld in the diierent intervals.
  • the ratio of the longitudinal eld to thetangential speed of the electrons is suchVI that the electrons yflow substantially perpendicularly through the Vintervals of the helix.
  • the ribbon can be uniformly attenuated along the helix or at given points.
  • a travelling wave vacuumtube comprising in combination means for generating a hollow tubular electron beam for ilow along a given path, an helically wound conductor surrounding and coaxial with said beam path, a cylindrical metal electrode inside of and coaxial with said beam path, means for applying a longitudinal magnetic neld axially of said beam path substantiallyv co-extensivey with the lengthY of said helically wound conductor and means electrically connected to said conductor and said electrode to applythereto a difference of D. C. potential.
  • a travelling wave amplier tube comprising an electron gun for .generating an annular beam of electrons, a collector forv said electronsjspaced from said gun to traverse a beam path therebetween, a wave input-.connection proximate said gun and a kwave output connection proximate said collector, wave velocity lretardation means connected between said.
  • acylindrical-metal electrode posltioned'coaxially and centrallyroff said beam path, means for creating a magnetic eld length: w1seoi1said beam path substantially co-extensve with the Space between said wave input connection and said wave output connection, and means for applying potential to said electrode whereby said potential and said eld cooperate to remove ions from said beam path, said retardation means comprising a helcally wound conductor spaced concentrically of said cylindrical electrode and outside said path.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US52238A 1947-10-31 1948-10-01 Hyperfrequency electron tube Expired - Lifetime US2610308A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR663869X 1947-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2610308A true US2610308A (en) 1952-09-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US52238A Expired - Lifetime US2610308A (en) 1947-10-31 1948-10-01 Hyperfrequency electron tube

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2610308A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE485548A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR956343A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB663869A (en, 2012)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2694159A (en) * 1949-03-22 1954-11-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave amplifier
US2742588A (en) * 1950-01-07 1956-04-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2752523A (en) * 1951-05-15 1956-06-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge apparatus
US2760101A (en) * 1950-11-30 1956-08-21 Csf Electron gun for a tubular beam
US2761088A (en) * 1949-02-22 1956-08-28 Csf Travelling-wave amplifying tube
US2767344A (en) * 1949-12-30 1956-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2799797A (en) * 1952-08-29 1957-07-16 Rca Corp Coupling circuit for helical delay lines
US2801359A (en) * 1952-04-01 1957-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2812467A (en) * 1952-10-10 1957-11-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2843793A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrostatic focusing of electron beams
US2887609A (en) * 1954-10-08 1959-05-19 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube
US2939045A (en) * 1954-05-12 1960-05-31 Applied Radiation Corp Traveling wave tubes
US2941113A (en) * 1957-04-01 1960-06-14 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US2944181A (en) * 1954-08-05 1960-07-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron velocity modulation apparatus
US2959706A (en) * 1958-06-23 1960-11-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US3020439A (en) * 1958-07-30 1962-02-06 Rca Corp High efficiency traveling wave tubes
US3213314A (en) * 1959-05-26 1965-10-19 Csf Travelling wave tube with positive ion drainage
US3300677A (en) * 1962-03-30 1967-01-24 Rca Corp Electrode mount and method of manufacture thereof
US3334265A (en) * 1966-06-02 1967-08-01 Horst W A Gerlach Cross-field backward-wave oscillator
DE1516399B1 (de) * 1965-02-23 1971-02-11 Varian Associates Lauffeldr¦hre

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE25189E (en) * 1953-04-29 1962-06-19 cioffi
US3383543A (en) * 1964-12-21 1968-05-14 Raytheon Co Gridded ion-drain electrode structure for traveling wave devices
CN112671117A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2021-04-16 中国科学技术大学 一种具有周向坡印廷矢量特征的源项电磁能流产生装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064469A (en) * 1933-10-23 1936-12-15 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2181850A (en) * 1936-07-25 1939-11-28 Emi Ltd Cathode ray tube
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064469A (en) * 1933-10-23 1936-12-15 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2181850A (en) * 1936-07-25 1939-11-28 Emi Ltd Cathode ray tube
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2761088A (en) * 1949-02-22 1956-08-28 Csf Travelling-wave amplifying tube
US2694159A (en) * 1949-03-22 1954-11-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave amplifier
US2767344A (en) * 1949-12-30 1956-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2742588A (en) * 1950-01-07 1956-04-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2760101A (en) * 1950-11-30 1956-08-21 Csf Electron gun for a tubular beam
US2752523A (en) * 1951-05-15 1956-06-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge apparatus
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2801359A (en) * 1952-04-01 1957-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2799797A (en) * 1952-08-29 1957-07-16 Rca Corp Coupling circuit for helical delay lines
US2812467A (en) * 1952-10-10 1957-11-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2843793A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrostatic focusing of electron beams
US2939045A (en) * 1954-05-12 1960-05-31 Applied Radiation Corp Traveling wave tubes
US2944181A (en) * 1954-08-05 1960-07-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron velocity modulation apparatus
US2887609A (en) * 1954-10-08 1959-05-19 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube
US2941113A (en) * 1957-04-01 1960-06-14 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US2959706A (en) * 1958-06-23 1960-11-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US3020439A (en) * 1958-07-30 1962-02-06 Rca Corp High efficiency traveling wave tubes
US3213314A (en) * 1959-05-26 1965-10-19 Csf Travelling wave tube with positive ion drainage
US3300677A (en) * 1962-03-30 1967-01-24 Rca Corp Electrode mount and method of manufacture thereof
DE1516399B1 (de) * 1965-02-23 1971-02-11 Varian Associates Lauffeldr¦hre
US3334265A (en) * 1966-06-02 1967-08-01 Horst W A Gerlach Cross-field backward-wave oscillator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE485548A (en, 2012)
GB663869A (en) 1951-12-27
FR956343A (en, 2012) 1950-01-31

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