US2608668A - Magnetically focused electron gun - Google Patents

Magnetically focused electron gun Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2608668A
US2608668A US168803A US16880350A US2608668A US 2608668 A US2608668 A US 2608668A US 168803 A US168803 A US 168803A US 16880350 A US16880350 A US 16880350A US 2608668 A US2608668 A US 2608668A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
magnetic
electron beam
electron
aperture
eld
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US168803A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marion E Hines
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL89376D priority Critical patent/NL89376C/xx
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US168803A priority patent/US2608668A/en
Priority to FR1033624D priority patent/FR1033624A/fr
Priority to DEW5405A priority patent/DE856183C/de
Priority to GB14220/51A priority patent/GB698005A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2608668A publication Critical patent/US2608668A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J3/00—Details of electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements or of ion traps common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J3/02—Electron guns
    • H01J3/029—Schematic arrangements for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/06—Electron or ion guns
    • H01J23/065—Electron or ion guns producing a solid cylindrical beam

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electron discharge devices and, more particularly, to electron guns forhigh current electron V,beam devices,
  • high current beams are imminently desirable.
  • the desired high current may be realized by utilization of beams of substantial diameter.
  • a requisite for optimum operation is that the beam be of very small diameter and, further, that the diameter remain substantially constant over a long path.
  • Ways of maintaining the beam di-x ameter small and substantially constant between the inlet and outlet ends of a given region have been suggested in the art.
  • One general object of this invention is to enable realization of high current densitiesin an electron beam concomitantly with substantially minimum beam diameter. ⁇ More specifically, one object of this inventionis to enable attainment of'maximum current density in a beam of given diameter, or. viewed in another way, to attain aminimum beam diameter for agiven current density.
  • 'Another object of this invention is to provide a magnetically focused electron gun for produc ing a small diameter beam, ⁇ which comprises a large area'cathode and, consequently, islcapable of projecting a high current, ⁇ intense electron beam.
  • a further object of this invention is to nullify space charge repulsion effects in an electron beam.
  • an electron beam of circular' cross section is projected through a circular,l aperture in one element of a magnetic system, which ⁇ creates a radial .magnetic field ⁇ in the,V- region: of ⁇ said aperture having'a ⁇ magneticfleld component thereof perpendicularftov thev fiow. of saidV beam; ,i
  • This field fcomponent: ⁇ is i greatest ⁇ atf the; peripheryr Of said aperture and is ⁇ zeroat 4the'icenter of said aperture.
  • the rotating electron beam which has been focused to form a converging conicalshaped beam having the same axis as the magnetic eld, is held withinlthat shape by the force of its interaction with the' converging magnetic field, which is just great enough to supply the radial accelerating force ofthe rotating beam and to nullify the 'space charge effects in the electron beam.
  • a feature of the invention pertains to a converging conical-shaped rotating electron beam in conjunction with a converging paraboloidal magnetic field, which permits the beam from a large cathode to be focused to a smaller diameter that has heretofore been possible.
  • Fig. l is a view, mainly in section, of a discharge device including an electron gun illustrative of one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic field in the gun shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the electrostatic eld due to space charge
  • Fig. 4 is another diagram showing the various components' of velocityof the electron beam
  • Electrode I I is heated by heater coil I2, which is energized by battery 5.
  • the electron beam represented by dotted lines I3 is focused and accelerated by ⁇ electrodes I4 and I5, the geometry of ⁇ electrodes I4 and I5 being such that the electron beam I3is of con* ical shape.
  • Electrode ⁇ I 5 is maintained atground potential, and electrode I4 is maintained at approximately -1500 volts by means of Ibattery 6.
  • Electrode I5 is of a magnetic material having an aperture I 6 therein through which the electron beam passes.
  • the magnetic field established between polepieces I5 and I'I, as described hereinaften has a radial component thereof perpendicular tothe axis of said apertureflli'which causes theelectron beam passing through toacquire an angular velocity.
  • the magnetic lines of4 force between pole-pieces and I'I have a paraboloidal shape having thesame axis as theaxisof the electronl beam.
  • the two pole-pieces l5 and ⁇ I1 are separated and supportedby a Enon-magnetic shield I8, and thet-pole-p/iece I'Ifis .magnetically positive with ⁇ respect tothe pole-piece I5.
  • the helix 25 is supportedby rods 32. ⁇ L
  • Coil 33 generates the fiux which flows in a path determined by magnetic element 34 across f an air-gap to magnetic element forming a V' converging paraboloidal field inside non-magnetic element I8, through magnetic element Il,
  • of elements 34 and l5 comprise a paraboloidal surface except where envelope I0 separates elements 34 and I5.
  • the intensity of the magnetic iield increases as the beam becomes 'smaller in diametenalways, however, being of such intensity as to provide interaction forces sufficient to lcancel the increased space charge forces of the electron beam and the increased centrifugal forces due to the rotational motion of the electron beam. This will beco'me clearer from the mathematical analysis which will be presented hereinafter.
  • the magnetic field is weaker Ythan it is within the non-magnetic element I8, thus allowing the electron beam to diverge until the electron beam flow becomes cylindrical in shape.
  • the electron beam which is now uniformly cylindrical, enters a magnetic eld which is substantially parallel to the fiow of the electron beam and 'of sufcient strength to maintain the uniformly 'cylindrically-shaped electron beam as it travels through the helix 25.
  • Electrode 28 constitutes the collector for the electron stream and is maintained at approximately -1000 volts.
  • the electron gun has been adapted to a traveling-wave tube of the type disclosed inthe application of L. M. Field, Serial No. 704,918, filed October 22, 1946, now Patent No. 2,575,383, issued November 20, 1951.
  • the signal to be amplified is injected by means of wave guide 22 upon antenna 23, which is secured to cylindrical element 24 and to the helix 25,*which is grounded through lead 29.
  • the signal travels along the helix with approximately the same forward component of velocity as of the electron stream Yand is fed into wave guide 21 by ⁇ means of antenna 26, which'is secured to through magnetic. elements 2
  • magnetic elds havingradial components are formed in apertures I6 and I9.
  • Coil 35 generates a flux which flows through a path comprised of magnetic electrode 2
  • the dot notation is Suse-d to 'indicate total time derivatives, 1- indieating VAcir/dt, l'and r indicating 12T/dt?, etc. Y
  • B1 is the magnitude of the 'lr'adial component ofthe fleld'atunity radius
  • Bff is the :flux in theirdirection
  • Bc is thethe direction.
  • This field is a solution of Laplaces equation.V
  • the magnetic -fiux'lin'es and-jthe magnetic ecuiipotential surfaces conform to thesurfaceslof paraboloids of revolution, which have 'afcommon :focus at the origin of coordinates.
  • angular velocity can be deduced for electrons at any point in the space.
  • the theorem specifies that n@ 2r2 sin2 0 2r cos2 g
  • the velocity ⁇ distribution of the electrons is further Vspecified by a constant r velocity, and zero 0 velocity, as summarized below.
  • Equation 14 The substitution made above speciiied by Equation 14 was necessary to make Equation 12 becomean identity.
  • .It species the magnetic eld B1 required for any degree of space charge q.
  • This is the basic design equation for the region of conical electron iiow. In MKS units, I is expressed in amperes, Vo in volts, and B1 in Webers ⁇ per square meter.
  • vB1 is the ⁇ magnetic eld Whicnwould exist at a radius of 1 meter from the origin of the coordinate system, and the radial component of magnetic field at any other radius is equal to Bi/r.)4 It is to be further noted that Vo is the potential at the beam axis and will ordinarily be slightly more negative than the potential oi' the shield electrode.
  • the potential V inthe beam is a function of the angle 0 only and is given by :VIVI-2 5 log cos 9 0 tan 2- -1s approximately equal to 2 ⁇ Equavtion may be approximated asA
  • the electrons were emittedfrom a cathode at. zero potential, their kinetic energies must correspond to the space potential V, as expressed by the equation v t which reduces to an identity for small if which is the conditionlrequired for satisfying the equations of motion..
  • the type of electron flow necessary to realize this invention can be obtained from a unipotential cathode.
  • the electrostatic eld For the electrostatic eld, .we have postulated a cone-shaped conducting shell surrounding the beam. While this is necessary to obtain the simple iield described, in an actual case, it will probably not make a great deal of difference if it is shielded by a cylindrical or other shaped electrode.
  • the electrostatic elds will be oriented as shown in Fig. 3, wherein the equipotential surfaces are represented by the radial lines from the origin and the electrostatic field is represented by the arcuate lines.
  • the magnetic field conguration is shown in Fig. 2. Both equipotentials and nur; lines conform to the surfaces of paraboloids of revolution, which have a commonfocus with the electron stream.
  • the required field may be realized with paraboloidal pole-pieces of large size and may ce apprcximatedclosely with smaller pole-pieces of other shapes. These shapes can be experimentally determined by the use of an electrolytic tank. Y
  • Fig. l shows a configura tion of electrodes which produces this type of iiow.
  • the accelerating anode of this gun is made of a magnetic material of high permeability and is shaped to shield the internal parts of the gun from the magnetic field.
  • the total input velocity determines the cone angle and fixes the origin of the coordinates used to describe the motion and the magnetic iield. The origin is chosen so that the electrons do not have any velocity in the H direction after they have entered the magnetic eld.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a first and a second spaced magnetic member having axially aligned apertures therein, means for producing a conically converging electron beam, means for projecting said beam through said apertures, andmeans includingsad first magnetic membenand magnetic means for producing avmagnetic neld configuration betweensaid spacedmembers whose. magnitude in the direction along the axis isinversely proportional to the axial distance from the point toward which the beam converges.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a magnetic element Vhaving an aperture therein, meansfor projecting an electron beam through said aperturein the direction of the axis of said aperture;l magnetic means coupled to said element for producing at said aperture a magnetic eld having a radial component increasing from said axis, and means for focusing said beam at a preassigned region beyond said aperture, said last means comprising means for producing a paraboloidal magnetic field beyond .said aperture and including said magnetic element and said magm netic means.
  • An electron discharge device comprising means for producing a converging electron beam, a'rst magnetic element having a first substantially circular aperture therein, said iirst magnetic element having a substantially paraboloidal surface with a focal point substantially the same as the focal point of said electron beam, a second magnetic element having a second substantially circular aperture therein, said second magnetic element having a substantially paraboloidal surface with substantially the same focal point as the focal point of said electron beam, the ksaid apertures having their axes coincide with the axis of said electron beam, second means fo-r creating a Vradial magnetic iield in ⁇ said first aperture to cause said electron beam to rotate as ity passes therethrough, said second means for creating a magnetic eld further creating aV magnetic eld of substantially confocal paraboloids of revolution with the focal point substantially the same as the focal point of said electron beam.
  • AnV electron discharge device in accordance with claim 5, wherein said second magnetic element provides a return path for a portion of the magnetic iiux between said first and second aper tures.
  • An electron discharge device comprising an evacuated envelope, a transmission path within said envelope capable of guiding high frequency electrical Waves, said transmission path comprising a conductor in the form of an elongated helix, a first means to impress waves to be amplified upon an input end of said transmission path to permit travel of the waves along said path, a second means to couple a load circuit to an output end of said transmission path, a third means to produce and accelerate an electron stream through said helix, said third means comprising a fourth means for generating and accelerating an electron beam, a first magnetic means comprising an element having an aperture therein for creating a magnetic field which has a radial component perpendicular to the axis of said aperture, said electron beam passing through said aperture With its axis substantially parallel to the axis of said aperture to give said electron beam a rotating motion, a second element having a second aperture therein placed at a distance from said iirst element, said electron beam passing through said second aperture, the adjacent surfaces of said rst and second
  • An electron gun comprising a pair of spaced magnetic members having axially aligned apertures therein, the facing surfaces of said members being paraboloidal and respectively convex and concave, means for magnetizing said members to establish a magnetic eld therebetween, and means for projecting an electron beam through said apertures in the direction from said concave surface toward said convex surface, said beam projecting means comprising a cathode and electrode means thereadjacent for directing electrons emanating from said cathode along paths converging in said direction.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a first and a second magnetic member having axially aligned apertures therein, the surface of said first member facing said second member being substantially paraboloidal, means for projecting an electron beam through said apertures along the axis thereof, and means for producing a magnetic eld between said rst and second magnetic members.
  • An electron discharge device comprising first and second spaced magnetic members having axially aligned apertures therein, the surface of the rst of said membersfacing said second member being substantially paraboloidal, means for producing a converging electron beam, means for projecting said beam through said apertures along the axis thereof, and means for producing a magnetic field between said spaced magnetic members.

Landscapes

  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US168803A 1950-06-17 1950-06-17 Magnetically focused electron gun Expired - Lifetime US2608668A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL89376D NL89376C (da) 1950-06-17
US168803A US2608668A (en) 1950-06-17 1950-06-17 Magnetically focused electron gun
FR1033624D FR1033624A (fr) 1950-06-17 1951-01-26 émetteur d'électrons à focalisation magnétique
DEW5405A DE856183C (de) 1950-06-17 1951-03-20 Elektronenentladungsvorrichtung nach Art der Wanderfeldroehre
GB14220/51A GB698005A (en) 1950-06-17 1951-06-15 Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US168803A US2608668A (en) 1950-06-17 1950-06-17 Magnetically focused electron gun

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2608668A true US2608668A (en) 1952-08-26

Family

ID=22612991

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US168803A Expired - Lifetime US2608668A (en) 1950-06-17 1950-06-17 Magnetically focused electron gun

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2608668A (da)
DE (1) DE856183C (da)
FR (1) FR1033624A (da)
GB (1) GB698005A (da)
NL (1) NL89376C (da)

Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2707758A (en) * 1950-12-19 1955-05-03 Sperry Corp Travelling wave tube
US2749472A (en) * 1952-01-02 1956-06-05 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tubes
US2774006A (en) * 1950-10-14 1956-12-11 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tube apparatus
US2776389A (en) * 1950-11-01 1957-01-01 Rca Corp Electron beam tubes
US2790105A (en) * 1951-11-01 1957-04-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2792518A (en) * 1952-06-12 1957-05-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Low noise velocity modulation tube
US2797353A (en) * 1951-06-15 1957-06-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave type electron discharge devices
US2798981A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2800603A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-07-23 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2801361A (en) * 1948-12-10 1957-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifier
US2807743A (en) * 1951-12-29 1957-09-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube apparatus including magnetic structures
US2812467A (en) * 1952-10-10 1957-11-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2813222A (en) * 1951-05-11 1957-11-12 Philips Corp Travelling wave tube
US2814755A (en) * 1951-10-02 1957-11-26 Telefunken Gmbh Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2817038A (en) * 1954-10-15 1957-12-17 Jr John S Hickey Permanent magnet for beam tubes
US2822492A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2825840A (en) * 1953-01-29 1958-03-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2828434A (en) * 1952-10-25 1958-03-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron beam focussing device
US2829299A (en) * 1949-08-12 1958-04-01 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2830221A (en) * 1951-10-01 1958-04-08 Rca Corp Traveling wave tubes
US2830223A (en) * 1954-04-22 1958-04-08 Gen Electric Scalloped beam amplification
US2843790A (en) * 1951-12-14 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave amplifier
US2843788A (en) * 1952-12-03 1958-07-15 Rolf W Peter Electron beam tube
US2869018A (en) * 1955-05-02 1959-01-13 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling wave tube
US2871392A (en) * 1953-03-26 1959-01-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US2876378A (en) * 1955-06-10 1959-03-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2886738A (en) * 1954-01-29 1959-05-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2890371A (en) * 1953-03-26 1959-06-09 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US2894227A (en) * 1952-08-21 1959-07-07 Itt R-f coupling arrangements for traveling wave tubes
US2903578A (en) * 1952-10-21 1959-09-08 Nat Res Dev Travelling wave linear particle accelerators
US2909691A (en) * 1958-10-17 1959-10-20 Heil Oskar Electron guns with magnetic focusing
US2925508A (en) * 1955-07-28 1960-02-16 Sperry Rand Corp Electron beam focusing structure
US2933639A (en) * 1956-12-06 1960-04-19 Sperry Rand Corp Frequency shifting apparatus
US2936394A (en) * 1955-07-18 1960-05-10 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun
US2940006A (en) * 1954-10-22 1960-06-07 Rca Corp Magnetron-traveling wave tube amplifier
US2941111A (en) * 1954-09-21 1960-06-14 Siemens Ag Focused electron flow electron tubes for very high frequencies
US2956198A (en) * 1955-06-10 1960-10-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2974246A (en) * 1949-08-12 1961-03-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron gun for electron discharge tube
US2975324A (en) * 1959-06-24 1961-03-14 Gen Electric Slanted gradient electron gun
US3141992A (en) * 1960-10-14 1964-07-21 Csf Focusing system for omicron-type travelling wave tubes
US3171053A (en) * 1959-12-15 1965-02-23 Sperry Rand Corp Plasma-beam signal generator
US3255370A (en) * 1961-11-17 1966-06-07 Sylvania Electric Prod High convergence electron gun with magnetically shielded cathode
US3259790A (en) * 1961-08-31 1966-07-05 Varian Associates Beam tube and magnetic circuit therefor
DE1299771B (de) * 1961-07-07 1969-07-24 Philips Nv Elektronenstrahlerzeugungssystem fuer eine parametrische Elektronenstrahlverstaerkerroehre
US3522469A (en) * 1968-04-12 1970-08-04 Varian Associates Magnetic beam focusing structure for a traveling wave tube employing magnetic shunts between the pole pieces and the emitter
US3832596A (en) * 1973-04-13 1974-08-27 Varian Associates Magnetic structure for focusing of linear beams
US4345182A (en) * 1980-06-02 1982-08-17 The Boeing Company Electrode having spiral-shaped electrically conducting regions therein useful as an anode in electron beam discharge devices

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1067532B (de) * 1953-12-17 1959-10-22 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Justieren des gebuendelt gefuehrten Elektronenstrahls einer Laufzeitroehre, insbesondere Wanderfeldroehre

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2149101A (en) * 1934-07-30 1939-02-28 Zeiss Ikon Ag Cathode ray tube
US2212206A (en) * 1936-10-30 1940-08-20 Rca Corp Electron device
US2258149A (en) * 1938-04-23 1941-10-07 Fides Gmbh Device for producing rapidly flying ions
US2407906A (en) * 1942-08-27 1946-09-17 Rca Corp Low velocity television transmitting apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2149101A (en) * 1934-07-30 1939-02-28 Zeiss Ikon Ag Cathode ray tube
US2212206A (en) * 1936-10-30 1940-08-20 Rca Corp Electron device
US2258149A (en) * 1938-04-23 1941-10-07 Fides Gmbh Device for producing rapidly flying ions
US2407906A (en) * 1942-08-27 1946-09-17 Rca Corp Low velocity television transmitting apparatus

Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801361A (en) * 1948-12-10 1957-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifier
US2829299A (en) * 1949-08-12 1958-04-01 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2974246A (en) * 1949-08-12 1961-03-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron gun for electron discharge tube
US2774006A (en) * 1950-10-14 1956-12-11 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tube apparatus
US2776389A (en) * 1950-11-01 1957-01-01 Rca Corp Electron beam tubes
US2707758A (en) * 1950-12-19 1955-05-03 Sperry Corp Travelling wave tube
US2813222A (en) * 1951-05-11 1957-11-12 Philips Corp Travelling wave tube
US2797353A (en) * 1951-06-15 1957-06-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave type electron discharge devices
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2830221A (en) * 1951-10-01 1958-04-08 Rca Corp Traveling wave tubes
US2814755A (en) * 1951-10-02 1957-11-26 Telefunken Gmbh Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2790105A (en) * 1951-11-01 1957-04-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2843790A (en) * 1951-12-14 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave amplifier
US2807743A (en) * 1951-12-29 1957-09-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube apparatus including magnetic structures
US2749472A (en) * 1952-01-02 1956-06-05 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tubes
US2800603A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-07-23 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2792518A (en) * 1952-06-12 1957-05-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Low noise velocity modulation tube
US2798981A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2894227A (en) * 1952-08-21 1959-07-07 Itt R-f coupling arrangements for traveling wave tubes
US2812467A (en) * 1952-10-10 1957-11-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2903578A (en) * 1952-10-21 1959-09-08 Nat Res Dev Travelling wave linear particle accelerators
US2828434A (en) * 1952-10-25 1958-03-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron beam focussing device
US2843788A (en) * 1952-12-03 1958-07-15 Rolf W Peter Electron beam tube
US2825840A (en) * 1953-01-29 1958-03-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2871392A (en) * 1953-03-26 1959-01-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US2890371A (en) * 1953-03-26 1959-06-09 Int Standard Electric Corp Travelling wave tubes
US2822492A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2886738A (en) * 1954-01-29 1959-05-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2830223A (en) * 1954-04-22 1958-04-08 Gen Electric Scalloped beam amplification
US2941111A (en) * 1954-09-21 1960-06-14 Siemens Ag Focused electron flow electron tubes for very high frequencies
US2817038A (en) * 1954-10-15 1957-12-17 Jr John S Hickey Permanent magnet for beam tubes
US2940006A (en) * 1954-10-22 1960-06-07 Rca Corp Magnetron-traveling wave tube amplifier
US2869018A (en) * 1955-05-02 1959-01-13 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling wave tube
US2956198A (en) * 1955-06-10 1960-10-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2876378A (en) * 1955-06-10 1959-03-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
US2936394A (en) * 1955-07-18 1960-05-10 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun
US2925508A (en) * 1955-07-28 1960-02-16 Sperry Rand Corp Electron beam focusing structure
US2933639A (en) * 1956-12-06 1960-04-19 Sperry Rand Corp Frequency shifting apparatus
US2909691A (en) * 1958-10-17 1959-10-20 Heil Oskar Electron guns with magnetic focusing
US2975324A (en) * 1959-06-24 1961-03-14 Gen Electric Slanted gradient electron gun
US3171053A (en) * 1959-12-15 1965-02-23 Sperry Rand Corp Plasma-beam signal generator
US3141992A (en) * 1960-10-14 1964-07-21 Csf Focusing system for omicron-type travelling wave tubes
DE1299771B (de) * 1961-07-07 1969-07-24 Philips Nv Elektronenstrahlerzeugungssystem fuer eine parametrische Elektronenstrahlverstaerkerroehre
US3259790A (en) * 1961-08-31 1966-07-05 Varian Associates Beam tube and magnetic circuit therefor
US3255370A (en) * 1961-11-17 1966-06-07 Sylvania Electric Prod High convergence electron gun with magnetically shielded cathode
US3522469A (en) * 1968-04-12 1970-08-04 Varian Associates Magnetic beam focusing structure for a traveling wave tube employing magnetic shunts between the pole pieces and the emitter
US3832596A (en) * 1973-04-13 1974-08-27 Varian Associates Magnetic structure for focusing of linear beams
US4345182A (en) * 1980-06-02 1982-08-17 The Boeing Company Electrode having spiral-shaped electrically conducting regions therein useful as an anode in electron beam discharge devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1033624A (fr) 1953-07-13
NL89376C (da)
DE856183C (de) 1953-01-15
GB698005A (en) 1953-10-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2608668A (en) Magnetically focused electron gun
US2390250A (en) Cathode ray tube and circuit
US2853641A (en) Electron beam and wave energy interaction device
US2424965A (en) High-frequency amplifier and oscillator
US3407323A (en) Electrode structure for a charged particle accelerating apparatus, arrayed and biased to produce an electric field between and parallel to the electrodes
US2707758A (en) Travelling wave tube
US3072817A (en) Electron discharge device
US5461282A (en) Advanced center post electron gun
US2828434A (en) Electron beam focussing device
US2239421A (en) Electron discharge device
US3315110A (en) Shaped-field hollow beam electron gun having high beam perveance and high beam convergence ratio
US2811663A (en) Traveling-wave tube
US2408423A (en) High frequency amplifying apparatus
US3073991A (en) Electron sorting devices
US3252104A (en) D.c. quadrupole structure for parametric amplifier
US2936394A (en) Electron gun
US2376707A (en) Space discharge device
GB1078832A (en) Electrostatic electron optical system
US2997615A (en) Brillouin flow gun
US2817035A (en) Brillouin flow electron gun
US2652512A (en) Electron gun
US3219873A (en) Microwave electron discharge device having annular resonant cavity
US2565410A (en) Controllable electrical delay means
US3217200A (en) Internal magnetic lens for electron beams
US2617077A (en) Electrostatic deflection system for cathode-ray tubes