US2603562A - Nitrogen containing steels with high creep resistance and high tensile strength at elevated temperatures - Google Patents
Nitrogen containing steels with high creep resistance and high tensile strength at elevated temperatures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2603562A US2603562A US11857A US1185748A US2603562A US 2603562 A US2603562 A US 2603562A US 11857 A US11857 A US 11857A US 1185748 A US1185748 A US 1185748A US 2603562 A US2603562 A US 2603562A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- tensile strength
- creep resistance
- group
- elevated temperatures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000272534 Struthio camelus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to steels with high creep resistance and high tensile strength at elevated temperatures containing nitrogen not combined with iron, chromium or manganese, but with metals which form nitrides of low solubility in steel such as elements of the 3rd group of the periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group such as titanium and zirconium or the 5th group such as columbium.
- nitrogen already existing is increased to a. surprising degree by the formation of stable nitrides of low solubility.
- composition of the steels zirconium or the 5th group as columbium are subsequently added to the steel already con- Similar values are also obtained when only elements or the 2nd group e. g. titaniumor zirconium-combined nitrogen are present. It is therefore apparent that presence of nitrogen alone is not sumcient, but what matters is the manner in which it is combined.
- values of creep resistance are obtained as' are otherwise only obtained with relatively high additions of alloying metals (see Die Engineering Energy by Dr. Rapatz, published by Springer, Berlin, 3rd edition, 1942, p. 145).
- the amount of alloying elements is very low-an important factor in view of the scarcity of such raw materials. What other metals may he used is a matter of the experimental technique applied.
- the quantity of insoluble nitride formed in the steel must not exceed 0.03%.
- the strengthening effect of nitrogen seems to depend also on its state of distribution the latter being already controlled by the conditions prevailing in the heat. This favorable degree of distribution is reached, for example, if the nitrogen is first introduced into the steel in the form of nitrides of iron or chromium, and then elements of the 3rd group of the periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group such as titanium and periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group as titanium and zirconium or the 5th group such as columbium which form nitrides of low solubility are present in the core wire or in the coating of the welding rod.
- steels may be used which usually are alloyed with chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or nickel.
- Theinvention is similarly applicable to structural steels having high creep resistance and also to tool steels which require creep resistance or high tensile strength at elevated temperatures, for example high grade steels intended for work at elevated temperatures and high speed steels.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
Patented July 15, 1952 NI'IROGEN CONTAINING STEELS WITH I HIGH CREEP RESISTANCE AND men. TENSILE STRENGTH AT ELEvA'rEn,
'. a TEMPERATURES Franz' Rapatz, Kapfenberg, Austria, assignor to Gebr. Biihler & Co. Aktiengesellschaft,
Austria No Drawing. rial vNo.
Section 1, Pub
Vienna,
Application February 27, 1948, Se-
l1,857. In Germany November 27,
lic Law 600, August 8, 1946 Patent expires November 2'}, 1963 2 Claims. (01. 75-423) The present invention relates to steels with high creep resistance and high tensile strength at elevated temperatures containing nitrogen not combined with iron, chromium or manganese, but with metals which form nitrides of low solubility in steel such as elements of the 3rd group of the periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group such as titanium and zirconium or the 5th group such as columbium. The effect of nitrogen already existing is increased to a. surprising degree by the formation of stable nitrides of low solubility.
This increased effect is indicated by the following experimental results:
Composition of the steels zirconium or the 5th group as columbium are subsequently added to the steel already con- Similar values are also obtained when only elements or the 2nd group e. g. titaniumor zirconium-combined nitrogen are present. It is therefore apparent that presence of nitrogen alone is not sumcient, but what matters is the manner in which it is combined. In the case of steels as quoted in 2 and 3, values of creep resistance are obtained as' are otherwise only obtained with relatively high additions of alloying metals (see Die Edelstahle by Dr. Rapatz, published by Springer, Berlin, 3rd edition, 1942, p. 145). According to the present invention the amount of alloying elements is very low-an important factor in view of the scarcity of such raw materials. What other metals may he used is a matter of the experimental technique applied. The quantity of insoluble nitride formed in the steel must not exceed 0.03%.
The strengthening effect of nitrogen seems to depend also on its state of distribution the latter being already controlled by the conditions prevailing in the heat. This favorable degree of distribution is reached, for example, if the nitrogen is first introduced into the steel in the form of nitrides of iron or chromium, and then elements of the 3rd group of the periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group such as titanium and periodic system such as aluminium, the 4th group as titanium and zirconium or the 5th group such as columbium which form nitrides of low solubility are present in the core wire or in the coating of the welding rod. In order to increase the creep resistance or tensile strength at elevated temperatures or for obtaining other efiects, steels may be used which usually are alloyed with chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or nickel. v
Theinvention is similarly applicable to structural steels having high creep resistance and also to tool steels which require creep resistance or high tensile strength at elevated temperatures, for example high grade steels intended for work at elevated temperatures and high speed steels.
I claim:
1. A steel having a high tensile strength, wear resistance and creep resistance containing a small quantity, not exceeding .03%, of the steel of a nitride selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, zirconium and columbium homogeneously distributed throughout the steel, said steel being produced by first dissolving in the molten steel a nitride of at least one metal selected' from the group consisting of iron and chromium in amounts suflicient to leave at least 3 .07% nitrogen in the thereof, then adding tosaid molten steel solution containing *said :metal .nitride a :metal, selected from thesgroup consisting of aluminum, titanium, zirconium and columbium to convert a portion of the nitrides therein to nitrides of insoluble form homogeneously distributed throughout steel.
The following references are nflrecord .in the file of this patent: V V UNITED STATES PATENTS .Name Q j Date Number Russel 'Nov. 14', 1920 steel upon solidification the 2,. A wemea steel product ihating its joints f Number Name Date 2,022,307 Austin Nov. 26, 1935 2,040,189 Strauss -1- :May 12, 1935 2,121,055 vSmith etr.a;l-.l June 21, 1938 2,121,056 Smith et a]. June 21, 1938 2,174,740 Graham et a1 Oct. 3, 1939 2,229,140 Smith et a1. Jan. 21, 1941 1;; 2,370,289 Chandler Feb. 27, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 195,385 Switzerland Apr. 16, 1938 OTHER REFERENCES Mining and Metallurgical Investigations, Co- Operative Bulletin 66, pages 19 and 20. Edited by Herty, Jr., etal. Published by the Mining and Metallurgical Boards, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Claims (1)
1. A STEEL HAVING A HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH, WEAR RESISTANCE AND CREEP RESISTANCE CONTAINNG A SMALL QUANTITY, NOT EXCEEDING .03%, OF THE STEEL OF A NITRIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM, TITANIUM, ZIRCONIUM AND COLUMBIUM HOMOGENEOUSLY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE STEEL, SAID STELL BEING PRODUCED BY FIRST DISSOLVING IN THE MOLTEN STEEL A NITRIDE OF AT LEAST ONE METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF IRON AND CHROMIUM IN AMOUNTS SUFFICIENT TO LEAVE AT LEAST .07% NITROGEN IN THE STEEL UPON SOLIDIFICATION THEREOF, THEN ADDING TO SAID MOLTEN STEEL SOLUTION CONTAINING SAID METAL NITRIDE A METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM, TITANIUM, ZIRCONIUM AND COLUMBIUM TO CONVERT A PORTION OF THE NITRIDES THEREIN TO NITRIDES OF INSOLUBLE FROM HOMOGENEOUSLY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE STEEL.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2603562X | 1943-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2603562A true US2603562A (en) | 1952-07-15 |
Family
ID=7996127
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11857A Expired - Lifetime US2603562A (en) | 1943-11-27 | 1948-02-27 | Nitrogen containing steels with high creep resistance and high tensile strength at elevated temperatures |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2603562A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3180726A (en) * | 1960-03-31 | 1965-04-27 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Method for producing nitride-bearing low-carbon ductile steel |
| US3259488A (en) * | 1960-03-31 | 1966-07-05 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Nitride-bearing low carbon ductile steels |
| US3357822A (en) * | 1964-06-26 | 1967-12-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Low-carbon aluminum killed steel for high temperature applications |
| US3463677A (en) * | 1968-08-14 | 1969-08-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Weldable high strength steel |
| US3647426A (en) * | 1966-07-12 | 1972-03-07 | Xavier Wache | Processes for the production of iron-nickel alloys having a high-nickel content |
| US3998666A (en) * | 1975-07-30 | 1976-12-21 | United States Steel Corporation | Subscale reaction strengthening of low carbon ferrous metal stock |
| FR2356738A1 (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-01-27 | Armco Steel Corp | STRIPES, SHEETS AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS IN STAINLESS STEEL FERRITIC NITRIDES INTERNALLY |
| US6685882B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-02-03 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1352534A (en) * | 1919-06-24 | 1920-09-14 | Air Reduction | Welding-rod |
| US2022307A (en) * | 1925-08-12 | 1935-11-26 | Una Welding Inc | Welding rod |
| US2040189A (en) * | 1930-01-04 | 1936-05-12 | Vanadium Corp | Welding material |
| CH195385A (en) * | 1936-03-27 | 1938-01-31 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Welding wire made of steel for carbon arc welding. |
| US2121056A (en) * | 1937-12-06 | 1938-06-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Titanium iron alloy |
| US2121055A (en) * | 1937-01-06 | 1938-06-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Corrosion resisting iron |
| US2174740A (en) * | 1934-03-17 | 1939-10-03 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Sensitivity controlled steel and the manufacture thereof |
| US2229140A (en) * | 1939-12-20 | 1941-01-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Abnormal steel |
| US2370289A (en) * | 1940-07-18 | 1945-02-27 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Treatment of steel or iron |
-
1948
- 1948-02-27 US US11857A patent/US2603562A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1352534A (en) * | 1919-06-24 | 1920-09-14 | Air Reduction | Welding-rod |
| US2022307A (en) * | 1925-08-12 | 1935-11-26 | Una Welding Inc | Welding rod |
| US2040189A (en) * | 1930-01-04 | 1936-05-12 | Vanadium Corp | Welding material |
| US2174740A (en) * | 1934-03-17 | 1939-10-03 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Sensitivity controlled steel and the manufacture thereof |
| CH195385A (en) * | 1936-03-27 | 1938-01-31 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Welding wire made of steel for carbon arc welding. |
| US2121055A (en) * | 1937-01-06 | 1938-06-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Corrosion resisting iron |
| US2121056A (en) * | 1937-12-06 | 1938-06-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Titanium iron alloy |
| US2229140A (en) * | 1939-12-20 | 1941-01-21 | Republic Steel Corp | Abnormal steel |
| US2370289A (en) * | 1940-07-18 | 1945-02-27 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Treatment of steel or iron |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3180726A (en) * | 1960-03-31 | 1965-04-27 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Method for producing nitride-bearing low-carbon ductile steel |
| US3259488A (en) * | 1960-03-31 | 1966-07-05 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Nitride-bearing low carbon ductile steels |
| US3357822A (en) * | 1964-06-26 | 1967-12-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Low-carbon aluminum killed steel for high temperature applications |
| US3647426A (en) * | 1966-07-12 | 1972-03-07 | Xavier Wache | Processes for the production of iron-nickel alloys having a high-nickel content |
| US3463677A (en) * | 1968-08-14 | 1969-08-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Weldable high strength steel |
| US3998666A (en) * | 1975-07-30 | 1976-12-21 | United States Steel Corporation | Subscale reaction strengthening of low carbon ferrous metal stock |
| FR2356738A1 (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-01-27 | Armco Steel Corp | STRIPES, SHEETS AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS IN STAINLESS STEEL FERRITIC NITRIDES INTERNALLY |
| US6685882B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-02-03 | Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated | Iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy |
| US20040089377A1 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2004-05-13 | Deevi Seetharama C. | High-strength high-temperature creep-resistant iron-cobalt alloys for soft magnetic applications |
| US6946097B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2005-09-20 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | High-strength high-temperature creep-resistant iron-cobalt alloys for soft magnetic applications |
| US20070289676A1 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2007-12-20 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | High-strength high-temperature creep-resistant iron-cobalt alloys for soft magnetic applications |
| US7776259B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2010-08-17 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | High-strength high-temperature creep-resistant iron-cobalt alloys for soft magnetic applications |
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