US2602740A - Sensitive diazotype sheet for screen reflectography comprising a screen skin - Google Patents

Sensitive diazotype sheet for screen reflectography comprising a screen skin Download PDF

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Publication number
US2602740A
US2602740A US67994A US6799448A US2602740A US 2602740 A US2602740 A US 2602740A US 67994 A US67994 A US 67994A US 6799448 A US6799448 A US 6799448A US 2602740 A US2602740 A US 2602740A
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screen
skin
sheet
light
sensitized
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Expired - Lifetime
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US67994A
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English (en)
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Lodewijk Pieter Frans Grinten
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Chemische Fabriek L Van der Grinten NV
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Grinten Chem L V D
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/52—Compositions containing diazo compounds as photosensitive substances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensitized diazotype sheet for screen reflectography, the said sheet comprising a screen which, besides portions substantially pervious to light to which the diazo compound is sensitive, has only portions substantially impervious to the said light, the latter portions being connected. to a skin in such a manher that upon removal of the skin substantially all the last-mentioned portions are also removed.
  • a sheet is referred to hereinafter as a screen skin sheet, such a skin as a screen skin.
  • Screen skin sheets of this type have been described in copending U. S. applications Serial Nos. 705,309 and 705,310, filed October 24, 1946.
  • the screen should consist exclusively of portions substantially impervious to light to which the sensitized layer is sensitive and portions substantially pervious to such light, without transitions. Because the light used in practice is always more or less diffused, the contact between screen and sensitized layer should satisfy high demands. These demands of close contact are of a special nature in the case of diazotype sheets, in view of the development of nitrogen during exposure, which may tend to diminish the contact necessary up to the end of the exposure, especially in the case of screen skin sheets. In addition, the removal of the screen skin (the descreening) after exposure is in practice a factor of importance; after the exposure the skin (with screen) has to be separated from the remaining part of the sheet. Up to thepresent this was effected by stripping the skin off dry, for which a thick and consequently expensive skin (of at least g./m. is required, or by making use of adhesive surfaces, which entails additional expense.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide screen skin sheets of the type mentioned which retain their unitary structure under normal handling and during exposure, but from I which the screen skin can be removedafter exposure in a much simpler manner than by-pull ing the screen to strip it from the remainder of the sheet.
  • Another object is to provide such screen skin sheets which satisfy the practical requirements of diazotype screen r'efiectography and yet can make efficient use of very thin and relatively inexpensive screensk-ins.
  • sensitized diazotype sheet materialsfulfillingi these'needs can be obtained by joining a skinunited with a light screen with a flexible base or film carrying a light-sensitive diazo layer. over one side, under a certain degree of. cohesion which can be so determined that the sheet components firmly cohere as a unit" under normal conditions of handling and exposure but" separate readily when the sheet is subjected to a suitabl'e' sharp Bending spewtion.
  • the necessary cohesion can' be measured and expressed quantitatively in terms of the. creasing ability of the screen skin sheet, by' use of a 'Schiefer flexometer as described in Research Paper No. 555 of the United States Bureau of Standards. It has been found that. the re;- quired combination of properties canv be (Sbtained by making screen skin sheets with. a creasing ability in the range of 3 to 15,
  • the screen skin sheets embodying this invention have been found to be particularly satisfactory when the said creasing ability is at least 6 and at most 10.-
  • a screen skin with a weight between 2 and 8 g./ni. and preferably between 4 and 6 g'l/m. is the most suitable.
  • no thick screen'skin is, therefore, required.
  • the advantage of the dia'z'otype screen skin sheet made according to this invention resides chiefly in the fact that, while for practical purposes, especially for manipulation and exposure of the screen skin sheet, the screen skin adheres sufiicien'tly solidly, the screen skin sheetrnay' be (lo-screened in a very simple manner hitherto unknown, viz.
  • creasing is meant a visible diminution of the close contact between the screen skin and the remainder of the sheet, which demonstrates itself similarly to a visible break or crack in flexural orbe'nding tests with ordinary materials.
  • the creasing ability oil a sheet- tlie beginning of the creasing (breaking or cracking resulting in the diminution of contaco-in this sense occurs as soon as the revolving leg in the fiexometer forms with thefixed leg an angle which produces this characteristic in a given screen skin sheet.
  • the invention relates both toscreenskin'sheets in which the area of contact betweenscreen skin 3 and remainderof the sheet is substantially fiat and to screen skin sheets in which the said area has the form of a relief corresponding with the screen structure.
  • Both types of screen skin sheets have been described in the applications mentioned before. In view of the advantages it presents, the latter type is preferred.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of one embodiment of an apparatus arrangement for use in producing a screened sensitized diazotype sheet accordingto the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of a relief pattern provided on the surface of the cylinder of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic cross-section through a screened sheet made according to one embodiment of the invention, the legends associated with this figure describing component parts of the sheet structure;
  • Fig. .4 is a diagram of the principle of operation of a Schiefer fiexometer as used to determine the creasing ability of the new screened sheets.
  • the screened sheet. illustrated in Fig. 3 comprises a flexible transparent base film 20 formed over. one side with a relief impression and carrying over that side a light-sensitive diazolayer 2i and a covering screen skin which is, adhered firmly but separately to the sensitized side of the transparent base by means either of its area of contact therewith or of a suitable thin adhesive film as diagrammed at 22.
  • the screen skin itself is composed of a transparent skin 23 united with interspersed opaque areas at 24 and itself presenting at 25 transparent areas interspersed with the opaque areas so as to constitute a screen pattern.
  • Example I On the surface I of a cylinder (Fig. 1) a relief as shown in Fig. 2 has-been provided, consisting of elevations 2 having a height of 15 mu, a horizontal section of 40 x 40 mu and a period of 80 mu.
  • the cylinder slowly rotates and carries along at 3 a filler of 20% of carbon black, 4% of asphalt and 1.75% of diethylene glycol in toluene,
  • This film consists of a film of cellulose acetate of 75 g./m. superficially saponified and subsequently sensitized with an aqueous solution of 5% of 1-diazo-3-chloro-4-dimethyl amino benzene chloride 1% of alum of ethyl alcohol.
  • the film passes with its sensitized side turned to the cylinder.
  • the screen skin sheet with its screen skin side towards the source of light and its other side in contact with the original to be copied is exposed, at a distance of 5 cm, to the light of a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp with a current consumption of about 20 watts per cm. of luminous length of the lamp. After the exposure, which takes about 1 minute, the screen skin sheet while being sharply bent on a sharp edge, is passed under tension over said edge. The screen skin loosens and can be removed by hand, taking along with it the covering screen portions. It would be practically impossible to remove the screen skin by mere stripping off.
  • Example II A film of cellulose acetate of g./m. carrying on one side a relief as illustrated in Fig. 2 for the surface of cylinder 1, is superficially saponified on the relief surface and subsequently sensitized with an aqueous solution of z 6% of l-diaz0-3-methyl-4dimethyl amino benzene chloride 2% of oxalic acid 1 of phenol 20% of ethyl alcohol.
  • the screen skin sheet thus obtained has an ability of creasing of about 7-8 in the Schiefer flexometer, defined as indicated above.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype sheet for refiect'ography comprising a-flexible base transparent to the exposing light 7 carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layerand a firml'y'adhering-f but separable skin united with a screen the pattern of which consists of a myriadiof irrterspersed minute areas' respectively transparent and opaque to such light, said sheet possessing-a creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined; of' between 3 and so that the screen skin and the remainder of the sheet cohere as a unit during handling and exposure but separate when the sheet is drawn over a sharp edge while bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward.
  • A'screened sensitized diazotype sheet for refiectography comprising a flexible base transparent to the exposing light carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a firmly adhering but separable skin united with a screen the pattern of which consists of a myriad'of interspersed minute areas respectively transparent and opaque to such light, said sheet possessing a creasing ability, as hereinbeiore defined, of between 6 and 10 so that the screen skin and the remainder of the sheet cohere as a unit during handling and exposure but separate when the sheet is drawn over a sharp edge while bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype sheet for refiectography comprising a flexible base transparent to the exposing light carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a firmly adhering but separable skin united with a screen the pattern of which consists of a myriad of interspersed minute areas respectively transparent and opaque to such light, said sheet possessing a creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined, of between 3 and 15 so that the screen skin and the remainder of the sheet cohere as'a unit during handling and exposure but separate when the sheet is drawn over a sharp edge while bent sharply thereover with the screen side inward, the screen skin unit having a weight of about 2 to 8 grams per square meter.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype sheet for reflectography comprising a fiexible base transparent to the exposing'light carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a firmly adhering but separable skin united with a screen the pattern of which consists of a myriad of interspersed minute areas respectively transparent and opaque to such light, said sheet possessing a creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined, of between 3 and 15 so that the screen skin and the remainder of the sheet cohere as a unit during handling and exposure but separate when the sheet is drawn over a sharp edge while bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward, the screen skin unit having a weight of about 4 to 6 grams per square meter.
  • the sheet is jdrawn overa sharp edgewhile bent sharply thereoverwith the screen skin side iii! ward,theareaof contact between th screen skin and the remainder of the sheet having-the form or a depth relief" corresponding with the screen pattern.
  • azot'ype -sheet as describedin claim 1, which comprises: drawing the sheet over a sharp edge while holding it sharply bent thereover with the screen skin side inward, and removing the screen skin thus loosened.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype material comprising a flexible cellulosic bas transparent to the exposing light, carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a thin firmly ad hering cellulosic skin which is transparent to said light and united with a myriad of distinct minute deposits opaque thereto to constitute a light screen, the screen skin having a weight of only about 2 to 8 grams per square meter and being strongly held to the sensitized side of the base by a frangible connection which is severable by drawing the material over a sharp edge while holding it bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward, said sheet possessing a creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined, of between 3 and 15.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype material comprising a flexible cellulosic base transparent 'to the exposing light, carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a thin firmly adhering cellulosic skin which is transparent to said light and united with a myriad of distinct minute deposits opaque thereto to constitute a light screen, the screen skin having a weight of only about 2 to 8 grams per square meter and being strongly held to the sensitized side of the base by a frangible connection which is severable by drawing the material over a sharp edge while holding it bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward, the flexible base and the skin, respectively, being composed principally of cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate-butyrate, said sheet possessing a creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined, of between 3 and 15.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype material comprising a flexible cellulosic base transparent to the exposing light, carrying over one side a light-sensitive diazo layer and a thin firmly adhering cellulosic skin which is transparent to said light and united with a myriad of distinct minute deposits opaque thereto to constitute a light screen, the screen skin having a weight of only about 2 to 8 grams per square meter and being strongly held to the sensitized side of the base by a frangible connection which is severable by drawing the material over a sharpedge while holding it bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward, said frangible connection com- 10.
  • a screened sensitized diazotype material comprising a flexible cellulosic base transparent to the exposing light, carrying over one sidea light-sensitive diazo layer and a thin firmly adhering cellulosic skin which is transparent to said light and united with a myriad of distinct minute deposits opaque thereto to constitute a light,
  • the screen skin having a weight-of only about ,2 to 8 grams per square meter and being strongly held to the sensitized side of the base by a frangible connection which is severable by drawing the material over a sharp edge while holding it bent sharply thereover with the screen skin side inward, said frangible connection comprising a myriad of interfitting minute regularly found elevations and recesses on meeting surfaces respectively of the screen skin and the sensitized side of the base, said sheet possessing a "creasing ability, as hereinbefore defined, of between 3 and 15. t g j 12.
  • a screened sensitized diazotyp material as described in claim 11, the elevations on thescreen skin being the screen-forming opaque deposits.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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US67994A 1947-12-31 1948-12-29 Sensitive diazotype sheet for screen reflectography comprising a screen skin Expired - Lifetime US2602740A (en)

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BE (1) BE486534A (ja)
CH (1) CH284440A (ja)
DE (1) DE858355C (ja)
GB (1) GB656716A (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002851A (en) * 1957-03-28 1961-10-03 Horizons Inc Photosensitized transparent element
US3010391A (en) * 1954-06-29 1961-11-28 Grinten Chem L V D Light-sensitive sheets and process for producing transfer images
US3010389A (en) * 1953-03-09 1961-11-28 Buskes Willem Marie Photographic transfer printing plates
US3260603A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-07-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Rough surfaced copy-sheet intermediate

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2184556B (en) * 1985-12-24 1990-04-04 Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp Co Process for producing images for overhead projection
GB2201530B (en) * 1987-02-03 1991-10-16 Brother Ind Ltd Improved recording medium and process for copying an image with said recording medium

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010188A (en) * 1931-04-15 1935-08-06 Agfa Ansco Corp Process of fastening photographic films on supports and article produced thereby
US2026292A (en) * 1932-09-14 1935-12-31 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Copying of opaque originals by contact printing
US2051585A (en) * 1933-09-09 1936-08-18 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Process of making reflex copies
US2134080A (en) * 1935-10-15 1938-10-25 Flader Louis Combined half-tone screen and negative
US2295632A (en) * 1939-04-14 1942-09-15 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Process for the production of screen reflex copies
US2415624A (en) * 1945-01-17 1947-02-11 Eastman Kodak Co Light-sensitive layers having ultraviolet light filters
US2419809A (en) * 1944-06-30 1947-04-29 Adhesive Dev Co Self-threading dispenser

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010188A (en) * 1931-04-15 1935-08-06 Agfa Ansco Corp Process of fastening photographic films on supports and article produced thereby
US2026292A (en) * 1932-09-14 1935-12-31 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Copying of opaque originals by contact printing
US2051585A (en) * 1933-09-09 1936-08-18 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Process of making reflex copies
US2134080A (en) * 1935-10-15 1938-10-25 Flader Louis Combined half-tone screen and negative
US2295632A (en) * 1939-04-14 1942-09-15 Naamlooze Vennootschap Chemisc Process for the production of screen reflex copies
US2419809A (en) * 1944-06-30 1947-04-29 Adhesive Dev Co Self-threading dispenser
US2415624A (en) * 1945-01-17 1947-02-11 Eastman Kodak Co Light-sensitive layers having ultraviolet light filters

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3010389A (en) * 1953-03-09 1961-11-28 Buskes Willem Marie Photographic transfer printing plates
US3010391A (en) * 1954-06-29 1961-11-28 Grinten Chem L V D Light-sensitive sheets and process for producing transfer images
US3002851A (en) * 1957-03-28 1961-10-03 Horizons Inc Photosensitized transparent element
US3260603A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-07-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Rough surfaced copy-sheet intermediate

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GB656716A (en) 1951-08-29
DE858355C (de) 1952-12-04
CH284440A (de) 1952-07-31
BE486534A (ja)

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