US2602470A - Method and means for binding in weft threads in looms for weaving - Google Patents

Description

July 8, 1952 PFARRWALLER 2,602,470 METHOD AND MEANS FOR BINDING IN WEFT THREADS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING Filed March 4, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR [PW/N p64 ,efmll 4 4 5 3 ATTORNEf July 8, 1952 E. PFARRWALLER METHOD AND MEANS FOR BINDING IN WEFT THREADS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 4, 1948 July 8, 1952 5:. PFARRWALLER METHOD AND MEANS FOR BINDING IN WEFT THREADS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 4, 194.8

ATTORNEY y 8, 1952 E. PFARRWALLER 2,602,470

METHOD AND MEANS FOR BINDING IN WEFT THREADS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 4, 1948 INVENTOR fem/v PAVE/P14444452.

BY Ki /%%b ATTORNEY weft threads t I rotation of the twistsof'each' group-is reversed after binding a predeterminednumber of weft threads and whereby the different groups of :bind- I ing threads are at different weft threads..

a An object of. the in'ventionisth provisioniof Q a mechanism-for twisting binding; threadssabout weft. threadsinc ooms f r weavinac mprisins a 1 .1 21 213 13312 --tw st. =r, ss 3= ri oneratm :Q ms 9n.:.il9s 1.

Patented July 8, 1952 THREADS signer to Sulzer terthur, Switzerland, 'la'nd METHOD AND MEANS FOR BINDING IN WEFT: {IN LooMs on WEAVING Erwin Pfarrwaller. I Winte Freres,

rthur. Switzerland, as- SocitAnonyme, Wina corporation of Switzer- I Application Ma rchsl,1948, send-1N0. 12,948

. fl-hem an v mea s on b nd n weit threads a abr c-W i it is woven on a loom by binding threads moving substantially in the directionof the warp threads and being-twisted abou one another between weft threads and more; particularly to a-method and meansas aforesaid whereby the direction of roat Qit e tw sts. is ch n after binding a plurality. ofweft threads. 1 I V Itis an object of the present invention to provide a method and means forbinding weft threads by -,pai rs or; groups; of 1 binding or warp threads whereby 'thesthreads of H one group are twisted about'one: another and the direction of rotation of thetwi ts =re srse l i r binding of a P dete m n am fl vfw t -F h ..mr v s. h tissu s e ec c n d ab a d th bo we t-th f aql ie e h l mu h f e -b us ng he. me h d a d-m ns ac ess n h inven on th n i n sin v i n wethod andnieans whereby; the direction of rotation of the: twists is changed after I binding each weft thread as for example in the case of twist ing pros n ed by. a ga h r sfi n e th hene method the direction of twist is not changed after every bound weft thread it is also possible to bind a plurality of weftthreads between two twists and aigreat variety of patternscan be ob a ned.- I A; further object of theinvention is the provision of a method and means for binding weft threa s JOY a plu ty/ sr rs of binding threads 1 whereby the threads .of the individual gr p are twisted. about one another between. weft threads to he. rotation of the, twists .of each/ group is reversed .bound and the direction of after binding a predet rrninednumber of weft .threads. o V I vision of {a method and meansf'for binding weft other objector "the; invention is the-1 m threads wherebythe'threads'of the individual groups are twisted about one another between to be bound-and thedirection of points of reversal of rotation of the twists of a mesh-em sam d de ne;. ts.- neweri nvention relates to .a method and threads 'by'a" plurality of groups of binding of' loom-ac rdingtotheinvention;-

. or actuating wheel.

. .InSwitzerland March 8, 1947 ,212. Claims. (01. 13 9 adapted to'individually drive saidtwistring's at different directions of rotation and to change the direction of rotation of different twist rings at different moments. V r

;An.object'of the invention is the provision of a mechanism for twisting binding threads about weft threads in looms for weaving. comprising a twist ring operated by a guide .mechanism comprising a guidewheel having guide grooves on its circumferential surface and a drive wheel having rollers attached thereto which are adaptedto roll in said grooves and to rotate the drive wheel at speeds and periods determined by the' shape of said. guide grooves. The guide grooves may be made up of individual members which are removably. attached to the circumferenc'ejofthe guide In th' members can be replaced or changed'for others having a differently shaped channel'or curveor cam portion wherebya great varietyof channel configurations can be obtained with a relatively smallnumber ofgrooved members. 1

Another object of the present'invention is the provision of a positively controlled bindingthread stop motion feeler whereby the periods during which the feeler rides ona' binding" threadand thereby the extent of its upv and down'motions arelimited." Anobject of the invention isthe provision of a' twist ring construction which takes little space fandwhereby aggreatjnumber of rings" canbe "placedf side" by 's'ide and threading "is facilitated even with aplurality of twist rings positioned immediately adjacent oneanothern With the method 'andnmef 'ns accordingf'to'fthe invention a greatv variety ofljiveaving Landjbinding patterns can mechanisms. [These mechanisms ,compriseexl lia ss le par l sr han n e-de ns te nsiwi hout iebss i wales alter t n o n v ec ani nsu I 1 1 v Further-and otherobjects; of the presentin- .,vention .will be'hereina-fter set'forthtin-the accompaiiying specification and: claims. and: shown 45 i'nithei drawings, which by .way'po'f illustration {show-what 1: now con'sid'er to be preferred embodiments of the-invention; K A vlnt ea a in r Fig 'i'sja diagrammatic front eleva'tional view easefthe individual trating the movements of the threads in a loom according to the invention;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a thread twisting head the section being taken along line IVIV of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view in axial direction of a part of the twisting head illustrated in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 illustrates another portion of the device shown in Fig. 4 in larger scale; 7

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of a mechanism for driving the shafts of the twisting rings;

Figs. 8 to 11 illustrate diagrammatically a part of the guide groove portion of a wheel actuating the drive shafts of the twisting rings;

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic top view of a fabric salvage with threads bound and twisted according to the invention;

Figs. 13 and 14 are large scale radial and axial views, respectively, of a portion of the guide and actuating wheel forming'part of the mechanism shown'in Fig. 7; g

Fig. 13' is a large scale'radial'viewof a portion of a modified guide;

Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic view of a modified twisting produced by the guide shown in Fig. 13';

Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic illustration of a twisting head and controlled binding thread stop motion feeler mechanism Fig. 17 is adiagrammatic side elevational view of a'mecha'nism for driving the twist ring shafts with the reversing tooth gears rotating in opposite directions;

j Fig. 18 is a sectional view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. '17, the section being taken along lineXVIII-XVIII of said figure;

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a'modified' mechanism for intermittent drive of twisting rings;

Fig. 20 is a diagrammatic side elevation of another'modification "of a mechanism for driving twist rings according to the invention;

Figs. 21 and 22 are diagrammatic side elevatiojnal views of yet another modification of a mechanism for driving the shaft of twist rings, the'twoffi'gures showing the mechani'sm'in two diife'rent' operating positions;

Fig/'23 is a side view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 22;

v Fig; 24 is a diagrammatic side view of a portion of a simplified twist ring mechanism whe're by the pointsof reversal of the direction of twist rotation of different thread groups cannot be staggered. I

Like parts are designated bylike numerals in all figures of the drawings.

The drive mechanism including a motor for supplying the power thereto of the loom illustrated 'in"Fig. l is housed in casing I. This drive mechanism operates all *parts of the loom including main shaft 2 with hand wheel3, apicking mechanism contained in box 4, a shuttle receiving mechanismdisposed in casing 5, a warp beam 6-with warp threads 1, a fabric beam 8 with. fabric 9, and heddles ID. The loom is started or stopped by manipulating handlesl-l which are rigidly connected with control rod l3. The twisting heads [4 produce twisted selvages at the lateral edges of the fabric, and twisting head 14. produces twistings in the 'body of the fabric which form selvagesin case the fabric is severed .therealong. A shuttle I7 is picked by the picking mechanism in box 4 through the shed to. the receiving mechanism in box Eand'inse'rts I ,a weft thread 18 into the shed I'9located Outside of the Shed.

from a weft spooi 7 binding threadstop'motion feeler 32, through eyes '33 and 34 of a twisting As obvious from'Figs. 2 and 3 the warp threads 7 move from warp beam 6 over a tensioning beam 20 where they separate to form an upper shed 2i and a lower shed 22, through warp stop motion feelers 23, .eyes 24 of'the" heddles l6, and reed 25 to the apex 26 of the shed where they form the fabric 9 by interlacing with the weft threads [8. The fabric passes over a, guide beam 21 and is then wound on a fabric beam 8. l0

Bindingthreads 28 and 29 move from spools 30 and 3| over the tensioning beam 29, through a individually ring 35, together through space 36 of the reed 25, and to the apex 26 of the shed, wherefrom they are wound, intertwined with fabric 9, on the beam 8.

Spools 36 and 3| may rotate on the same axis or on different axes, as shown. Instead of drawing the binding threads from individual spools, warp threads may be used for binding.

The twisting rings 35 and 12,13, 14,- whichare illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, have earportions 33 and 34 projecting into the opening of the rings and being provided with eyes 33 and, respectively are supported in bearings '3!- in'frame 31. The rings are providedwith teeth" and individually engage the teeth of pinions39 and 40. The latter are keyed to shafts 4| and 42, respectively, which are driven by the guide'wheel 43 and a mechanism illustrated in Fig. 7. Bevel ears I02 and H12 transmit'th'e rotationof shafts l0! and H)! to shafts 4! and 42 respectively. Shaft IN is provided with a gear wheel 46 which is engaged by gear wheel-44 whose axis of rotation is at a right angle with respect tojthat of guide wheel 43-and which is provided withcam rollers 44' adapted to engageguide grooveson the circumferential surface of-wheel '43. Shaft HH' is driven in like manner as 10! there being instead ofthe single wheel 46 a gear 46' which is driven by wheel '45 whose-cam rollers 45" are also adapted to engage thegr'ooves'on wheel--43. The cooperation of wheels 44yand=46 with wheel 43 is illustrated in Figures 8 to ll of the drawings.

Fig. 12 illustrates a selvage having four pairs of binding threads intertwined with weft threads 41-to6l by a mechanism as illustrated in Figs. 4 to 11. The direction'of twisting is reversed after binding-in always six weft threads: for example binding -thread pairs 28,29 and'64,-65 reverse twisting direction'at'the weft threads 41, 53 and 59, and binding'fthrea'd pairs 62, 6'3 and 66, 6'! reverse the direction of twisting at the weft-threads 49, 55-and "61.; Thread pairs 26, 29 and 64, 165 are twisted counterclockwisefrom-weft threads 41 to 53 and'cloc'kwifserrom'weftthreads 53 to 59. .Binding thread pairs 62, 63-and 66, "61 are twisted in like manner but do not reverse direction of twist at the same weft threads as "pairs;2'8, 29 and 64, 65 'which'reversedirection of twist at points '68. The points where the twisting directions ofthread pairs 62-, J6'3and 66, 61 are changed are designated jbynumeral 68 'The weft threads are held less firmly-atthe points of change of direction:of twistingtfl land 68" and thisis the reasonwhyipoints 68 are; staggered -in'gs as pef nig; 12 are" prodii'ced' iri- 'the 'body or --fab'ric 9. At this moment-the twisting ring 35 is revolved-180 inthe direction of arrow (Fig. 2). whereby the binding thread28 is moved from the upper shed to the lower shed to the position of thread 29.- The latter is moved upwardto the former position of' thread 28. I The position ofthe heddlejs I0 is changed at the-same time from the upper shed 2j-to the lower shed22 and vice versa'. This operation is repeated six times whereby ring is rotated by 180? six times in the directionof arrow 18; then the direction of rotation is-reversed and it is rotated six times by 180 in the direction of arrow 1I whereafter thedire'ction of rotation is again reversed. This produces a twisting as shown in Fig. 12:

Separate drive shafts M and 42 are provided for the twist rings 12, 14 and 35. 13 whereby the points 68 and E8, of change of direction of the twists j can be associated, with different weft threads. For the same'reason pinion 39 '(Fig. 4) which'is mounted on shaft 4| drivesonly two rings 12 and 14. The other two, 35 and 13, are driven by pinion which is connected to and driven by shaft 42.. A 1 l The actuating wheel 43 is revolved permanently in the direction of arrow 18 by pinion 16 on shaft 15 (Fig. 7) which receives power from the mechanism in box I.

In'therelative' position of wheels 43 and 34 or shown in Fig.v 8,therol1er 85 which correspondsto one of the rollers 44' or 45" in Fig. 7,

leaves groove 88 (no the circumference of wheel 43, whereas roller 86 enters groove 8I' whereby wheels 44 or" 45 are revolved in the direction of arrow 68. In the position according to Fig, 9 rollerlttfisabout to leave curve IN and roller 81 to enter the reversing groove 82. In the position of Fig. 10 roller 81 has entered groove 82 driving wheel 44 or 45 stillin' the direction of arrow '88. As soon as the reversing portioniifl of groove 82 reachesroller 81 rotationof wheel 44 or is re versed to the, direction of arrow 89 in Fig. 11. In the-position shown inFig. ll roller 81 is about t'o leave Ithe'reversing curve Y82 and roller 86 to enter curve 83. Roller 85 will enter the reversing groove 84 later and, when reaching point 90 therein, will. change rotation of wheel 44 or 45 to. the direction ofarrow .88.. The next phase is then again as illustrated in Fig. 8.

{.Folf. producing different types of guide grooves on wheel 43 are machined into individual parts as designated bynumerals 95m 99 in Figs. 13 and 14. which parts are secured to the .circumferential.surfaceof wheel43 by bolts I80.

three differentshapes of the groove parts, .a 85,98 and 91. a great variety-of, groove con- ;iigurations andv consequently of twisted selvages can-be. obtained. The arrangement ofthe groove parts shown in Fig. ,13' produces a twisting as ill lustr.atedina Fig l5. Curve part-95' produces counterclockwise twisting of binding threads 28,1

jggabout; the .weft; thread 41. Part ,96; does not :produceijanyitwistmg and-threads-ZS, 29 :bind the weftfthreads. 48. and 49 jointly. Parts 91 and-98, if placedas inlFig. 13, produce reversal of the direction of twisting} at weft -thread'50 tobe clockwise atthread5l. gWheels 44..andi4.5,operate-through whee1s'46 and 46'i'1the shafts II'II. 'and llllfiand the twist,

--ring: shafts .4 I; Ms-respectively. -'for rotating the sitwistir'ings :1251 4 and .35 ,1 13,

selvages the respectively. a I The' rollers ofwheels 44 and '45 engagethe grooves on wheel 48 at different pointstas is obvious from Fig. 7. This assures that the reversal of'direction of twisting of-rdifierent pairs of binding threads takes place atdifferent weft threads; see points :68 and 68 in Fig. 12.

Both threads28, 29 of a pair of binding threads which are twisted about: one another, move through the same stop motion feeler (Fig. 2). The feeler is placed where. the threads 28 and 29 form a shed'whereby both. threadsarecontrolled since they are alternately movedato'jthe upper shed position by the ring '35. In. the. position shown in Fig. 2thread i8v carries feeler 32 in its uppermost position. The lower binding thread 29 is so low that it cannot support the feeler if thread 28 breaks. In that case the feeler makes contact on the bar I03 whereby the loom is stopped in conventional manner.

Fig. 16. illustrates a mechanism for positively controlling a binding thread stop motion feeler 32' whereby the up and down movement of the feeler is reduced. An eccentric I04 is keyed to shaft 4| as shown in Fig.4. A lever I05 swings about shaft 42 under the influence of the eccentrio I04. The feeler 32.is adapted to rideon the free end I06 of lever I05 whereby the feeler is lifted periodically. Since the rate of speed between the shafts 4I and 42 andv the discs 12, 14 and 35, 13 is two to one the feeler islifted twice during a full revolution-of said discs. It is lifted to its uppermost position when both threads 28 and 29 are at the same elevation, i. e. when their shed is closed. Thereafter. the feeler is supported by the rising thread 28 and its up anddown motion is much smaller than if it would rest on the binding threads all the time during a full revolution of the twistingring 35.

The eyes '33 and 34 of the twisting rings 35, 12-14 are disposed inside their inner rims I08 for facilitating threading. This is shown in Fig. 5. Since rings 35, 13 and.12; 1'4 rotate in opposite directions, the eyes of rings 35, 13 and of rings 12, 14 are not in line if one turns the rings out of the position illustrated in "Fig. 4, and there is room for threading'because, for example; the eyes 33' of the rings 12, 14 are below the inner rims [08 0f the adjacent rings '35, 13 as is obvious from Fig. 6 of the drawings.

In Figs. l'l'and 18 a modified drive for the rings 35.12-14 is'illustrated whereby the rings are actuated by two spur wheels 4 I' I 5' and II 6 rotating in opposite directions and having each in addition to teeth I I3 and H4 all around, a set of teeth I25 and I26 on a part of their circumferences only. The mechanism is driven by shaft15 which is the same as shown in Fig.7 and which has a pinion H0 engaging wheel III of the concentric wheel unit III,'I I2. Wheel 1 I2 cooperates with lwh eel H5. The teeth 'ofthe'latter engage the gear wheel I16. The additional teeth I25 and I26- of wheels H5 and'i'llfi engage consecutively the. teeth ofwheels [I1 and H9 which are the smallerwheels'fof the wheel pairs 1, H8 and *IiI 9,'l2 Il. 'The larger wheels H8 and I20 of these pairs engage pinions I21 .and- I22; respectively,

which are keyed to shafts 4 I and 42, respectively.

11:5 rotates wheeipais-l lq; I I-a in the direction y gan s of'toothed; gearing l, j .18 ."IFIE: 528L 15 of arrow-I21. wherebyishaft M is rotated in the direction of arrow: "I28." Wheel pair H8, I20 changes: at this time its direction of rotation fr'om'that indicated by arrow I29 to that indicated by arrow'I3ll. Double tooth wheel :I I9, I28 came to a rest after it was rotated by the toothed portion I26 of wheel I I6 in the direction-of arrow I29 and is rotated "in the opposite ;:direction immediatelytthereafter. Toprevent overrotation of wheelpairs .I I1.,. H8 and H9, fill-and to "effect temporary fixation in their extreme turning positions abutmentsand recesses "I3I are provided on internal cams I36 thereon into which rollers I32 mounted at thexen'ds of two arm levers 133 which swing about pins I34, are adapted to snap. The otheren'ds of levers I33 are pulled together by aspring I35 whereby engagement of the rollers I32 and the cams or curves I36. is assured. The double tooth wheels H1, 1 I8 and H9, I20 are driven alternatingly by wheels 5 and I I6 for placing the pointszof reversal of direction of twisting, '68,. 68', in Fig; 12, at diiierent weft threads.

In the modification shown in Fig. 19 the reversing tooth wheel I I5 'is driven by :a Geneva movement for. intermittent operation of the shafts M and 42. Shaft;15 with pinion :I I drives wheel I36 which carries pin-I31; The latter en gages consecutively the radial slots I38 of wheel I39 and drives thereby stepwise "the reversing wheel 'II5 connected with wheel I39'in the'direction of arrow I23. For arresting wheel I39 during the periods when his not engaged by the pin I31 an arresting vslic1eI4Il having an arresting pin I4I adapted to movein slots I38, isprovided. Slide I40 reciprocates as indicated by double arrow'l42 and isguided by guide slots I43 and I44 cooperating with'stationary pin I46and shaft I45 respectively. Slide I-4Il-has a transverse slot I41 throughwhich extends pin -I-31'and is reciprocated upon'rotation of whee1I36'with pin I31. Whenever pin I31 moves'out of engagement with wheel I39 arresting pin .I-4I enters a slot I38 and .locks wheel I39..

In the modification shown in Fig. 20' the drive means for-individually rotating the shedding discs by shaft I45,comprise elbow or hell crank levers I50 and, I] which are positively oscillated about-stationar pins I54 "and I55, respectively, in the direction of, double arrows I56, I51'by means of cams I52 and I53 which'are mounted on shaft I45 and respectively engaged by rollers I65 and I66 on lever I56 and rollers I61 and-I68 on lever I5I. The oscillating movement of levers 'I5I change 'its movement from that indicated by arrow IGQ'to'that or arrow' no'..wherebytne rotation of shaftf42 is reversedfrom ,arrow- III to I12." Lever I55 'moves in the di-rection o'f arrow I 13 and shaft-4|. rotates .in the direction ;of arrow I 14. Due toitheirelatively displaced positions of levers ISIIla'nd I51reversalof -rotation of he met me- :Sh'aft' I16 carries reversing wheels I 19 and I88, each being ,provided with teeth I8I and I82, respectively, at only one half of its circumference. Teeth I'8I and I82engage consecutivelypinions I84, I83 and I85, I86. Pinion I83 is fast on shaft 4I and shaft 42 -is -fast on wheel I81 which is drivenbypinion-IBG. V k

The main shaft I16 rotates wheels I19 and I inthe. direction of -arrow;I88. In the position shown inIig. 21 wheel I80 engages pinion I86 whichis rotated in the direction of arrow I89 and which rotates pinion I81 and therewith shaft 42 in the direction of arrow I90. Pinion I84 idles in the direction ofarrow I9I.

In the position illustrated in Figs. 22 and 28 whee1 'I80 is out of engagement with pinion I86 and wheel I19 drives pinion I84 in the-direction of arrow I92. Pinion I86 is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow I93 and shaft 42 rotates in the direction of arrow I94,-i. e. in a direction opposite to that of the operating phase shown in Fig. 21 W Wheel I19 drives pinion I83 in the direction of arrow I94 whereas pinion I idles in the directionof arrow I95. As soon as the end I96 of the toothed portion I 8| of wheel I19 has reached pinion I83, the toothed portion I82 of wheel I86 engages pinion I85 and operates it in the direction of arrow I91 whereby rotation ofpihio'n I83 is reversed to the direction indicated by arrow I98.

If staggering of the points of reversal of direction of rotation of the twisting operation is not required, i. e. if the twisting of several individual groups of binding threads is reversed at the same weft threads only one twist ring drive shaft 200 is required as shown in Fig. '24.

The'method and means according to the invention can be used in connection with gripper shuttle looms as well as with conventional bobbin shuttle looms, in the latter case they'areparti'cularly advantageous for making twisted weavings in the body of the fabric where it can be'cut leaving a firm selvage.

By operating a plurality of twisting headsside by side and cutting the weft threads between groups of twisted binding threads a new kind of chenille can be produced. If weft threads of different colors are inserted by a multiple thread supplier, patternedchenille may be obtained.

While I believe the above described enibodiments of my invention to be preferred embodiments,I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of method,

design and constructions shown and described,

for obvious modifications willoocur to a person skilled iii the art. 1

:I claiintq V l. The method of binding weft threads in looms for weavingby means of groups of binding threads guided to move substantially in the same direction as'the warp threads, including the steps "the reversing step for different groups of binding threads being effected at different weft threads.

2. ma loom for weaving, the combination of a loom drive, a pair of bindingthreadsguided to move' substantially in the direction of the warp threads, twisting means through which said bind- .'ingthreads extendand periodically forming a shed of saidb'i'nding threads and twisting same ,7 about one another'between weft thfeads, a mech- :anismiconnected to ahd operated by said loom 3. In-alom for we the combination'oi'.

aloom'drivefa pair, of binding threads guided to move substantially in" the directionv ofthe warp threads, twisting means throughjwhich said binding threads extend and periodically forming a shed of ,said bindingfthreads', and twisting same iaboutfone anotherbetween weft threads, a mechanism connected to .andoper ated by said loonr. drive and connected to and actuating said twisting means, a binding thread stop motion feeler adapted to ride on the upper thread of the binding thread forming/a shed, and a movable feeler support means connected to and reciprocatingly moved up and down by said drive means and having a portion supporting said feeler when said support means is in the upper position.

4. In a loom for weaving, the. combination of a loom drive, apair of binding threads guided to move substantially in the direction of; the

warp threads, a rotatable twisting means having eyes through which s'aid' binding threads pass individually and causing said threads to periodically vform ajshed and to be twisted about one another between weft threads, a rotatable actuating means connected to and rotated continuously by said loom driveg said actuating means comprising curved 'guide means,roller means adapted to engage and to be guided and displaced by saidguide means upon rotation of said actuating means,'and a toothed gear mechanism interconnecting said roller means and said twisting means and rotating'thelatter upondisplacement of the former;

5. In a loom for weaving as'defined in claim 4, said guide means having such configuration as to periodically reverse the direction of rotation of said twisting means.

6; In a loom for'weaving 4, said actuating' means having the configuration of' awheel having a rim portion andsaid guide means being composed of a plurality of individual members disconnectably connected with said rim portion.

7. In a loom for weaving having a loom drive, a mechanism for binding-in weft threads by means of a plurality of groups of binding threads guided to move substantially in the direction of the warp threads, said' mechanism comprising a plurality of rotatable twisting means, each twisting means having eyes through. which the bindingthreads of one group pass individually and causing saidbinding threads to as claimed in' claim 10 plurality of rotatable} twisting means, each twisting means'having e'yes through which the binding threads of'one group pass individually and causing said binding threads to periodically form a shed and to be twisted about one-another between weft threads, an actuating gear wheel connected toand rotated continuously by said loom drivaa pair of double gear wheels comprising gear wheels continuously engaging onen'another andone engaging and being rotated by said actuating wheel, each of said double gear wheels having a partly toothed gear wheel, and toothed gear drives periodically individually I engaged and rotated by said partlytoothed gear wheels and individually connected to and periodically rotating said twisting means.

9. In a loom for weaving as defined in claim 8, said double gear wheels rotating in opposite periodically form a shed and to be twisted about one another between weft threads, arotatable actuating means connected to and rotated continuously by said loom drive, said actuating means comprisin'g curved guide means, a plurality of mechanisms comprising roller means engaging and being guided and displacedby said guide means and "being" individually connected with an individually rotating said twisting means upon displacement of'said roller means.

8. In a loom for weavin'gha'ving a loom drive,

a mechanism for binding-in ,weft threads by means of a plurality'of groups of binding threads guided to move substantially in the direction of the warp threadssaid mechanisrn comprising a binding threads guided directions. v

10. In a loom for weaving having'a loom drive, a mechanism for binding-in weft threads by means of a plurality of groupsof binding threads guided to move substantially in the direction'of thewar'p threads, said mechanism comprising'a plurality of rotatable twisting means, each twisting means having eyes through which the binding threads of one group pass individuallyxand causing said binding threads to periodically form a shed and to be twisted about one another between weft threads, an actuating gear wheel connected to and rotated continuously by said loom drive, a plurality of partly toothed gear wheels connected-to and rotated-by 'said actuating wheel, and a plurality of trains of toothed gears comprising gear wheels period ically individually engaged and rotated by said partly toothed gear wheels and connected to and individually periodically rotating said twisting means. F

11. In a loom for weaving having a loom drive, a mechanism for binding-in weft threads by to move-substantially in the direction of the-warp threads, said mechanism comprising rotatable twisting means: having eyes through which'the binding threads passindividually and causing said binding threads to periodically form a shed and to be twisted about one another between weft threads, and a 'd'rive mechanism comprising a cam "connected to and rotated by said loom drive, a lever having an armengaged and actuated by said'cam" for lating said lever and having another arm, and a rack on said other arm, sion engaged by said rack and connected to and operating said twisting means in accordance with the motions of said lever. 1 1

12. In a loom for weaving having a loom drive, a mechanism for binding-in weft threads by binding threads guided tomove substantially in the direction of the warp threads, said-mechanism comprising rotatable twisting means havingeyes through which the binding threads pass individually and causing saidbinding threadsto periodically form a shed and to bev twisted about spur gear transmission engaged by said rack and connected to and operating said twisting means in accordance with the motions of saidlever.

oscila spur gear transmis 1:3, Inaloomforweaving having, a loom drive, a. mechanism. for binding-in weft threads by binding threads: guidedto move substantially in the. direction of: the Warp threads, saidmechanism comprising: rotatable twisting means havingeyes through which the binding threads pass individually and causing said binding threads to periodically form a shed; and to betwisted about one; another between weft threads, and a drive mechanism comprisinga shaft connected to and rotated by; said loom drive; a spur gear wheel connected to; and rotated; by'said shaft, another spur gear' wheel driven by said first spur gear wheel; a pin. axially extending from the second gear wheel, a second shaft, a Geneva cross mounted on" said second shaft and having recesses adapted-to beengaged by said pin; a member reciprocatingly slidable on said second shaft in a direction transverse to the. longitudinal axis of. saidsecond. shaft and, having; a. slot disposed transversely. to. the direction of the reciprocat ing: movement of; said member, said pin extend.- ingthrough saidf slot forimparting; a reciprocatingmovement; to said member upon rotation of said spur-gear wheelsguide means for said member assuring an exclusively reciprocating movement thereof, anarresting: pin mounted onsaid member and adapted to engage a recess on said Geneva. cross: upon movement of said member to one." extreme position, for preventing rotation ofsaid cross. when-said pin on said other spur gear WhBElTiS? out ofengagement with said Geneva cross; said: arresting pin sliding out of engagementiwith said Geneva cross upon movement of saidmember to its other. extreme position and whent'said pin on; saidv spurgear engages said Geneva cross, and a drive mechanism connected to said second shaft and to and operating said twisting; means. in accordance with the motions of said. Geneva cross.

14'; Inaloom for-weaving-as defined inclaim 13;. said drive-mechanism-comprising apair of gear'wheels one of whichbeing connected. to and rotated with'saidGeneva cross, a partly toothed gear wheel concentrically attached to each gear wheel of. said pair, and: a pinion adapted: to..be alternately engaged: by said partly toothed gear wheels and connected with and operating said twisting means. a

1-5. 'In aloom for weaving havingaloomdrive, a mechanismjfor; binding in. weft threads by binding'threads: guided to move substantially in the direction of the warp threads, said. mechanismv comprising rotatable twisting: means having eyes through which'the'binding threads pass individually and causing said binding. threads to periodicallyform a shed and to. be twisted about one another between weft'threads, and a drive mechanism comprising a gear wheel connected to and rotated bysaid 100m drive, a second gear'wheel' engagedby the-first gear'wheel and rotating" in opposite direction, apartly toothed. gear wheelconcentrically connected with each of said gear wheels,.a third gear wheel adapted to be alternately engaged by the teeth ofthe partly toothed gear. wheels for alternate rotation. in opposite directions, and arrestin means. connected with. said third gear wheel for arresting it before its. direction of rotation is reversed.

16. In a loom for weavingas defined. in claim 15,.said. arresting means comprising" a cam having a recess. a. cam follower resiliently; pressed.

to said cam and adapted to snap into said recess for; resistingfrotation crime; cam in the desired moments.

117'. In .a. l'oomfor weaving having" a loom drive, amechanismfor binding-in weft threadsby bind ing threads guided. to move. substantially. in l the direction of the warp threads, said. mechanism comprising. rotatable twisting means having eyes through which thebinding' threads passindividuall'y 'andfcausing saidbir' d ing threads"to"peri-' odically form a shed andtoj be twisted abou'tonej anotherfbetween fweft thre'adsfsaid; twisting meansoomprisinga frame haying'a circular open ing and'anannularrecess aroundsaid opening, a shedding ring disposed in said recess and hav ing, ear portions at, its inner side and projecting into, saidopening, saideyes being placed in said earportionsand; accessible through said opening for threading, and. adrive. mechanism connected to andoperated by saidloom drive. and engaging the outer side of? saidfsheddingx ringflfor rotating saidring.) g

1.8 Ina loomifor'weaying. having a loomdrive, a mechanism for binding-in, 'weft threads by binding. threadsguidedto move. substantially in the direction of the.'warp threads, ,said' mechanism. comprising rotatable. twisting, means hav ing. eyes. through which theibinding, threads pass individuallyandeausingisaidj binding threads to periodicalIyfornra-shed andto be twisted about one anotherbetween wettthreads, said twisting means comprising a. frame. having a circular opening and bearing .means surrounding .said opening, ashedding ring; disposed in said hear: ing. means.- and.v havi .ear portions at..its. inner side and projecting into'gsaid. opening, eyesin said can portions and, acoessiblethrough.said opening for threading-,Jeethatg theputside of said ring, a-piniomdisposed. in. said. frame. and engaging said teeth, anda drive. mechanism connected to and operatedbyl said .loom drive'and connected to and rotating said pinion.

19. In aloom, the, combination ofa. rotating shaft, a plurality. of warprsheddingdiscs having toothed rims, individual-drive. means operatively connectedwith said shaftand said. discsfor individually rotating the discs ineither direction, said means comprising. arlever, a. cam fixed on saidshaft and beingengaged. by said lever and actuating saidlever, said. lever having an arcuate and toothed surface portion concentric withits fulcrum, andattain of gear wheels, interposed between said. arcuate surface: portion and said discs.

20. Ina loomfasdefinedini claim 19, saidlever having the. confi uration of abell crank. eng ing saiideam-with one arm and having said toothed surface portionzonthe othererm.v

'21. Ina.1oom-, the combinationiof: a plurality of warpshedding'discs, means operatively connected with said discs for rotatingthem ineither direction,lsaidmeanscomprising. arotating. shaft, pairsof substantially likecam members fixed on saidshaftyan elbow lever associated with each pair of cam members, a cam follower. roller mounted onreach: arm.- of. said 1ever,. one roller engaging one cam. member. and the other roller engaging the other cam member of the same pair, and a mechanism interposedibetween said lever-and saiddiscs for actuating said discs in a manneridetermined by the-configuration of said cams;

22-; In, avloom, the;combination-ofv a plurality of: warp-shedding discs, means operatively connected with said discsior rotating them, ineither direction, said means comprising a rotating shaft,

13 pairs of substantially like cam members fixed on said shaft, two elbow levers associated with each pair of cam members, a cam follower roller mounted on each arm of said levers, one roller engaging one cam member and the other roller engaging the other cam member of the same pair, and 'a mechanism interposed between said levers and said discs for actuating said discs in a manner determined by the configuration of said cams.

ERWIN PFARRWALLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number 1,544,033 1,855,122 2,356,964 2,399,880 2,412,353

Number 14 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Goldman Apr. 21, 1925 Alexander Apr. 19, 1932 Alderfer Aug. 29, 1944 Moessinger May '1, 1946 Parker Dec. 10, 1946 Parker Dec. 10, 1946 Parker Dec. 10', 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain of 1915 Germany Get. 22, 1929

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