US2596729A - Fuel ignition system - Google Patents
Fuel ignition system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2596729A US2596729A US784280A US78428047A US2596729A US 2596729 A US2596729 A US 2596729A US 784280 A US784280 A US 784280A US 78428047 A US78428047 A US 78428047A US 2596729 A US2596729 A US 2596729A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- delivery
- pilot
- switch
- igniter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/06—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q9/00—Pilot flame igniters
- F23Q9/02—Pilot flame igniters without interlock with main fuel supply
Definitions
- the lower ends of the members 2I and 22 may be held in concentric relationship the one with respect to the other, and with respect to the outer member I5, by means of spacing collars 24 applied at the terminal ends of the members'2I and 22, which spacing collars allow for the free flow of fuel and air, respectively, through the concentric passageways I8 and 2G, into the member I5 below the spacing collars for delivery thence to the burner I2, through the casing I5.
- the fitting 23, as shown more particularly in Fig. 4 of the drawings, may provide for the threaded or welded connection of laterally extending conduits I8 and 20', respectively for delivering fuel and air to the concentric channels I8 and 2U.
- rlhe fitting 23 provides for the connection of the central channel I9, in an axial direction with v a chamber 25 formed at the end of the fitting 23 as by securing thereto, or integrally forming thereon, a preferably sleeve-like member 26, said member providing, as shown more particularly in Fig. 3, for the connection of the chamber 25 with a laterally extending pilot air supply pipev 21.
- the sleeve-like member 26 and the fitting 23 may,of course, be formed as separate elements secured together in any convenient or suitable fashion as by bolts, although, for the sake of convenience, it is preferable to form them as an integral unit.
- a preferably removable cover 28 may also be provided for closing the chamber 25, and said cover may provide an inlet chamber 29 connecting with a pilot fuel supply conduit 39 and communicating, as by means of a pipe 3l, through the chamber 25 with the interior of the channel i3 substantially below the chamber 25.
- the principal elements of the burner thus com# prise the outer passageway I8 through which the main supply of fuel may be introduced to the purpose may comprise approximately 85% silicon carbide and 15% elemental silicon, by weight, the silicon carbide component being preferably in the form of a continuous reticular skeleton, in which the unit crystals are minute, uniformly distributed, and of cubic formation.
- the lsilicon component preferably comprises elemental silicon which completely fills the interstices of the silicon carbide skeleton.
- Such material mayconveniently be produced in bars or rods of desired length and sectional configuration. Such bars will withstand exceedingly high operating temperatures without disintegration or the bar, at its opposite ends, to a pair of support the burner, the intermediate passageway 20 through which the main supply of air may be introduced, the pipe 3I through which a supply of pilot fuel may be introduced into the central conduit I9 in the vicinity of the igniter I1, and there burned in air supplied through the conduit 21 and chamber 25 into the conduit I9.
- the pilot fuel Upon ignition, the pilot fuel will burn at .the lower end of the conduit I9 in position to ignite main fuel within the outer member I5 below the lower end of the central channel I9.
- any suitable apparatus may be utilized for the purpose of delivering fuel and air at required pressures and volumetric rates through the conduits I8', 2U', 21 and 39.
- any suitable or preferred air and fuel delivery devices may be employed, such delivery apparatus, where gaseous fuel is involved, preferably comprising means for supplying the fuel at desired pressure to the conduits i8 and 39, including electrically operated control valves in the fuel supply pipes I8 and 30, air supply being conveniently provided as by means of electrically controllable blower equipment and air iiow regulating valves in the air supply conduits 23 and 21.
- the igniter I1 preferably comprises a bar or rod 32 of material having a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, the bar 32, to this end, preferably comp-rising a carbon compound suoh as silicon carbide.
- the fitting 23 provides an annular seat 34, facing into the chamber 25 at the end of the central channel I9 where said channel connects with the chamber 25.
- a mounting member as shown more particularly in Fig. 6, is provided for supporting the stems 33 on the fitting 23.
- This mounting member or holder 35 may comprise any suitable preferably heat resistant electrical insulating material, such as porcelain, forming a central hub 36, defining an axial channel 31 and radially extending iianges 38 projecting outwardly of the hub 36.
- the outer edges of the iianges 38 are adapted to lit snugly within the walls dening the channel I9, and said flanges at their upper portions are formed with projecting lugs 39 adapted to t snugly within the walls of the chamber 25 and to rest upon the annular seat 34 whereby to support the member 35 within the chamber connected end of the channel I9.
- the holder On one side of the channel 31 and on opposite sides of a lug 39 thereof, the holder comprises a body portion 40 having an outer surface adapted to snugly interiit with the inner surface of the walls defining the channel I9. This body portion is provided with a pair of axial channels 4I adapted to snugly receive andv hold the stems 33 and thus support the same in the fitting 23.
- the stems 33 have ends projecting upwardly of the holder 35 within the chamber 25, said ends being fitted with terminal means 42 adapted Yto electrically connect the posts 33 with electrical conductors 43 which may extend thence outwardly of the chamber 25, as through the pilot air conduit 21.
- the conduit 21, outwardly of the housing member 26, may be provided with insulated air-tight outlets through which the conductors 43 may extend outwardly of the pipe 21 for connection with any suitable source of igniter actuating electrical power.
- the central channel 31 of the holder 35 may receive the fuel inlet pipe 3i therethrough to thereby aid in supporting the pipe 3I in axially centered position within the conduit I9, whereby pilot fuel may be delivered in said conduitV below the holder 35.
- Theigniter may be operated by ,connecting/the.'
- the igniterA element 32 operates as an automatic rheostat in that it' is' cold .and offers relatively high resistance .to current flow, when the actuating,
- the. igniter element 32 may be energized from a transformer 44, the secondary orl output vwinding ofv which is connected with the conductors 43, the primary winding of said transformer being energized from any suitable source of electrical power 45 .through suitable protective equipment 46v and a preferably manually operable control switch 41 whereby the transformer 44 may be energized from the power source 45 upcn closure of the switch means 41.
- said transformer 44 may have impedance characteristics whereby to limit the current flow thereto, from the power As the igniter element 32 becomes heated toward ignition temperature, current flow in the primary circuit of the transformer 44 will materially increase from the minimum value, determined by the resistance of the element 32 when cold, to a predeterminable current ow value when the element 32 reaches its ignition temperature. Accordingly, theoperating coil 48 of a relay switch, having normally open switch means 49, may be interconnected in the energizing circuit cf the,
- the switch 49 may be interconnected in series with the operating solenoid 5
- valve trdisposed such as a valve trdisposed.
- Fig; *8, iiniradditionto the equipment shown in Fig.;V 7,- includes ⁇ l additional automatic switch means'ffor disabling 'the igniter control.
- circuitV after establishment of the pilot flame and the ignition of 'main'burner' fuel delivered through the conduit I8', whereby, after combustion has 30-and such air blower or compressor means may' been' establishedtheigniter may be ⁇ rendered inoperative withoutshutting off theA supply of .pilot or main-fuel.
- the switch 54 includes normally open-switch ⁇ means v56 and normally closed time delay opening switch means 51..
- the time delay opening switch means ⁇ 51 is connected in the operating circuit of the relay switch coil 48 and ofthe transformer 44, while the normally open switch 56 is connected in a circuit to control' the operating solenoid 58 of a relay switch 59, inorder to'actuate said switch'for the closure of its normally 'open.switchmeans 6
- and 62. respectively, areinterconnected in parallel relationship with. the switches 49 and 52, whereby,
- the time delay opening switch 51 may operateto disable the igniter energizing transformeraswellas the solenoid 48. .Thereyuponthe switches 49' and 52will ⁇ open, but burner operation will be maintained thereafter by the switches 6
- the present invention provides benefits owing from the utilization of the ignition element 32 having a negative temperature coefficient of resistance whereby-operation of the control system is accomplished in response to increased current ow in the energizing circuit of the transformer 45 and of the switch actuating coil 48. It is desirable, of course, and especially in the manual system as shown in Fig. 7, toprovide for limiting current flow to the ignition element 32, to a predetermined value appreciably in excess of that required to heat the ignition element to its igniting temperature. To this end the transformer 44 may conveniently comprise a current limiting transformer selected for the purpose of limiting at a desired value the current flow to the element 32.
- pilot fuel ignition means comprising an electrically operable igniter element having a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, means for mounting said element in position to ignite said pilot fuel upon delivery thereof in said fuel burning apparatus, and an electrical system for actuating said igniter element and for controlling the delivery of main and pilot fuel to said burner apparatus comprising a pilot solenoid valve means for controlling pilot fuel, a main solenoid for controlling main fuel, means for energizing said igniter, a current responsive relay, responsive to current 110W to said igniter element, including pilot switch means for controlling said pilot solenoid when current flow to said igniter element reaches a predetermined value and main fuel switch means operable to control said main solenoid after a time delay interval following operation of said pilot switch means, and relay switch means operable by said current responsive relay for maintaining said pilot and main solenoids ,in operation and for disabling said igniter element and said current responsive relay after a predetermined time delay following operation of said current responsive relay.
- pilot fuel ignition means comprising an electrically operable igniter element having a negative temperature coeflicient of electrical resistance, means for mounting said element in position to ignite said pilot fuel upon delivery thereof in said fuel burning apparatus, and an electrical system for actuating said igniter element and for controlling the delivery of main and pilot fuel to said burner apparatus comprising a pilot solenoid for controlling pilot fuel, a main solenoid valve means for controlling main fuel, means for energizing said igniter, a current responsive relay, responsive to current ow to said igniter element, including pilot switch means for controlling said pilot solenoid when current ow to said igniter element reaches a predetermined value and main fuel switch means operable to control said main solenoid after a time delay interval following operation of said pilot switch means.
- the combination, with fuel burning apparatus having associated fuel delivery means, of an electrically operable igniter element having a negative temperature coeflcient of electrical resistance, disposed in position to ignite fuel upon delivery thereof in said fuel burning apparatus, and an electrical system for actuating said igniter element and for controlling the de-v livery of fuel to said burner apparatus comprising a solenoid valve means for controlling the delivery of fuel, means for energizing said igniter, a current responsive relay, responsive to current flow to said igniter element, including switch means for controlling said solenoid when current flow to said igniter element reaches a predetermined Value, and holding relay switch means operable by said current responsive relay for maintaining said solenoid in operation and for disabling said igniter element and said current responsive relay, after a predetermined time delay following operation of said current responsive relay.
- Fuel burning apparatus comprising means forming concentric channels for the delivery oi fuel and air to a combustion chamber, including means forming a delivery channel extending from a receiving chamber to said combustion chamber, and a pipe extending axially of and having an end opening Within said delivery channel, a spider-like frame of electrical insulating material mounted in said delivery channel at said receiving chamber, said frame forming a central bushing for mounting said pipe Within said delivery channel, said frame providing spaced support bushings ofrset radially with respect to said central bushing, support stems of electrical conducting material mounted in said support bushings, an electrically operable igniter element mounted on and electrically connected with said support stems, within said delivery channel and adjacent the end of said pipe.
- Fuel burning apparatus comprising means forming concentric channels for the delivery of fuel and air to a combustion chamber, including means forming a delivery channel extending from a receiving chamber to said combustion chamber, and a pipe extending axially of and having an end opening within said delivery channel, a spider-like frame of electrical insulating material mounted in said delivery channel at said receiving chamber, said frame forming a central bushing for mounting said pipe within said delivery channel, said frame providing 10 spaced support bushings offset'radially with respect to said central bushing, support stems of electrical conducting material mounted in said support bushings, an electrically operable igniter element mounted on and electrically connected with said support stems, within said delivery channel and adjacent the end of said pipe, a laterally opening supply conduit to said receiving chamber, and conductors for electrically energizing said igniter element electrically connected with said support stems Within said receiving chamber and extending outwardly thereof through said supply conduit.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US784280A US2596729A (en) | 1947-11-05 | 1947-11-05 | Fuel ignition system |
FR974717D FR974717A (fr) | 1947-11-05 | 1948-11-05 | Dispositif d'allumage |
BE485669D BE485669A (de) | 1947-11-05 | 1948-11-05 | |
DES18921A DE964535C (de) | 1947-11-05 | 1950-09-03 | Brenner, bei dem die Brennstoffzufuhr mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Zuendwiderstandes gesteuert wird, dessen Widerstand mit steigender Temperatur abnimmt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US784280A US2596729A (en) | 1947-11-05 | 1947-11-05 | Fuel ignition system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2596729A true US2596729A (en) | 1952-05-13 |
Family
ID=25131944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US784280A Expired - Lifetime US2596729A (en) | 1947-11-05 | 1947-11-05 | Fuel ignition system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2596729A (de) |
BE (1) | BE485669A (de) |
DE (1) | DE964535C (de) |
FR (1) | FR974717A (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2888066A (en) * | 1952-03-10 | 1959-05-26 | Edward D Wilson | Electrical ignition gas torch |
US2888981A (en) * | 1954-03-24 | 1959-06-02 | Republic Steel Corp | Automatic gas bleeder igniter |
US2905236A (en) * | 1959-09-22 | Pilot burner and igniter | ||
US2928240A (en) * | 1953-01-27 | 1960-03-15 | Thiokol Chemical Corp | Control system for reaction motor ignitors |
US3109481A (en) * | 1960-02-19 | 1963-11-05 | Standard Oil Co | Burner igniter system |
US3154135A (en) * | 1961-10-26 | 1964-10-27 | Gen Precision Inc | D. c. igniter system |
US3255803A (en) * | 1962-08-23 | 1966-06-14 | Harris Calorific Co | Torch with igniter |
US3282324A (en) * | 1965-10-11 | 1966-11-01 | Ram Domestic Products Company | Automatic fuel ignition and heat detection system |
US3454345A (en) * | 1966-03-05 | 1969-07-08 | Danfoss As | Fuel igniting and flame sensing resistor with fuel feed control |
WO1981000751A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1981-03-19 | Johnson Controls Inc | Gas pilot assembly for universal application and method of making same |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1064671B (de) * | 1957-02-25 | 1959-09-03 | Hauck Mfg Company | Gasbrenner zum Einsetzen in ein Heizrohr |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1372330A (en) * | 1919-04-03 | 1921-03-22 | Electric Furnace Co | Resistance element |
US1495855A (en) * | 1920-12-16 | 1924-05-27 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Resistance rod |
US1940127A (en) * | 1932-06-18 | 1933-12-19 | Fredrick G Herthneck | Safety device for gas burners |
US2068425A (en) * | 1932-07-13 | 1937-01-19 | Ira E Mccabe | Fluid fuel burner mechanism |
US2095253A (en) * | 1937-10-12 | Igniter fob fuel burning systems | ||
US2291805A (en) * | 1938-11-17 | 1942-08-04 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Burner control system |
US2296686A (en) * | 1942-09-22 | Gas pilot and valve control | ||
US2329888A (en) * | 1941-05-07 | 1943-09-21 | Robertshaw Thermostat Co | Electrical ignition system for gaseous fuel burners |
US2340734A (en) * | 1939-05-29 | 1944-02-01 | Partlow Corp | Safety pilot burner |
US2385699A (en) * | 1941-09-08 | 1945-09-25 | Veraie A Fox | Fuel ignition system |
US2408047A (en) * | 1941-06-20 | 1946-09-24 | Perfex Corp | Burner control apparatus |
US2432942A (en) * | 1943-04-05 | 1947-12-16 | Submerged Comb Company Of Amer | Submerged combustion system |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB589963A (en) * | 1944-07-05 | 1947-07-04 | Robertshaw Thermostat Co | Improvements in or relating to safety control systems for heating apparatus |
US2403412A (en) * | 1945-08-08 | 1946-07-02 | Robertshaw Thermostat Co | Ignition and safety control system for fuel burners |
-
1947
- 1947-11-05 US US784280A patent/US2596729A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1948
- 1948-11-05 BE BE485669D patent/BE485669A/xx unknown
- 1948-11-05 FR FR974717D patent/FR974717A/fr not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-09-03 DE DES18921A patent/DE964535C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2095253A (en) * | 1937-10-12 | Igniter fob fuel burning systems | ||
US2296686A (en) * | 1942-09-22 | Gas pilot and valve control | ||
US1372330A (en) * | 1919-04-03 | 1921-03-22 | Electric Furnace Co | Resistance element |
US1495855A (en) * | 1920-12-16 | 1924-05-27 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Resistance rod |
US1940127A (en) * | 1932-06-18 | 1933-12-19 | Fredrick G Herthneck | Safety device for gas burners |
US2068425A (en) * | 1932-07-13 | 1937-01-19 | Ira E Mccabe | Fluid fuel burner mechanism |
US2291805A (en) * | 1938-11-17 | 1942-08-04 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Burner control system |
US2340734A (en) * | 1939-05-29 | 1944-02-01 | Partlow Corp | Safety pilot burner |
US2329888A (en) * | 1941-05-07 | 1943-09-21 | Robertshaw Thermostat Co | Electrical ignition system for gaseous fuel burners |
US2408047A (en) * | 1941-06-20 | 1946-09-24 | Perfex Corp | Burner control apparatus |
US2385699A (en) * | 1941-09-08 | 1945-09-25 | Veraie A Fox | Fuel ignition system |
US2432942A (en) * | 1943-04-05 | 1947-12-16 | Submerged Comb Company Of Amer | Submerged combustion system |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2905236A (en) * | 1959-09-22 | Pilot burner and igniter | ||
US2888066A (en) * | 1952-03-10 | 1959-05-26 | Edward D Wilson | Electrical ignition gas torch |
US2928240A (en) * | 1953-01-27 | 1960-03-15 | Thiokol Chemical Corp | Control system for reaction motor ignitors |
US2888981A (en) * | 1954-03-24 | 1959-06-02 | Republic Steel Corp | Automatic gas bleeder igniter |
US3109481A (en) * | 1960-02-19 | 1963-11-05 | Standard Oil Co | Burner igniter system |
US3154135A (en) * | 1961-10-26 | 1964-10-27 | Gen Precision Inc | D. c. igniter system |
US3255803A (en) * | 1962-08-23 | 1966-06-14 | Harris Calorific Co | Torch with igniter |
US3282324A (en) * | 1965-10-11 | 1966-11-01 | Ram Domestic Products Company | Automatic fuel ignition and heat detection system |
US3454345A (en) * | 1966-03-05 | 1969-07-08 | Danfoss As | Fuel igniting and flame sensing resistor with fuel feed control |
WO1981000751A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1981-03-19 | Johnson Controls Inc | Gas pilot assembly for universal application and method of making same |
US4325690A (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1982-04-20 | Johnson Controls, Inc. | Gas pilot assembly for universal application and method of making same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR974717A (fr) | 1951-02-26 |
BE485669A (de) | 1948-11-30 |
DE964535C (de) | 1957-05-23 |
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