US2595912A - Turbine rotated antenna with electromagnetic answer-back means - Google Patents

Turbine rotated antenna with electromagnetic answer-back means Download PDF

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Publication number
US2595912A
US2595912A US660603A US66060346A US2595912A US 2595912 A US2595912 A US 2595912A US 660603 A US660603 A US 660603A US 66060346 A US66060346 A US 66060346A US 2595912 A US2595912 A US 2595912A
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United States
Prior art keywords
antenna
submarine
shaft
turbine
housing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US660603A
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Alford Andrew
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United States, WAR, Secretary of
US SEC WAR
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US SEC WAR
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S116/00—Signals and indicators
    • Y10S116/18—Wave generators

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to mechanical-electrical apparatus and more particularly to a rotatable system suitable for installation on the exterior of a submarine.
  • a rotatable system such as a rotatable radar antenna or a rotatable direction finding antenna
  • One method of rotating the antenna is to use a drive shaft driven by an electric motor, both shaft and motor being located on the exterior of the submarine.
  • a water pressure seal is used on the drive shaft-to-motor connection to prevent leakage when the submarine submerges.
  • Such seals may be used where the speed of rotation is comparatively low (i. e. of the order of R. P. M.), although the seals may leak at great depths.
  • these seals are not practical at speeds of the order of 300 R. P. M., such as are required for microwave direction finding.
  • an object of the present invention is to produce a rotatable antenna system suitable for installation on the exterior of a submarine.
  • a further object of the present invention is to produce such a rotatable antenna system which may be operated at a high rotational speed.
  • the rotating drive is a water turbine driven from the high pressure water system in the submarine.
  • a one way valve is placed in the pipe from the high pressure water system to the turbine nozzle, and prevents a reverse fiow of water when the submarine is submerged.
  • the shaft of the water turbine drives a microwave direction finding antenna which is affixed to its upper end.
  • the indication of the angular rotation of the antenna is furnished by a magnetically coupled synchronous system which includes a selsyn generator in a hermetically-sealed pressure-tight selsyn housing.
  • the shaft of the selsyn generator and the lower end of the turbine shaft are both provided with permanent magnets which are separated by a brass plate.
  • the magnetic coupling between the magnets serves to rotate the selsyn generator in synchronism with the antenna.
  • the electrical output of the selsyn generator may be transmitted to the interior of the submarine in the customary manner.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified partially cross-sectioned view illustrating one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • numeral l0 designates the surface of the submarine.
  • a water turbine ll (best understood by reference to Fig. 2) consists of an impeller wheel I2 and a converging nozzle drive the impeller wheel.
  • the impeller wheel [2 is constructed of two circular supporting plates l4 between which areafiixed impeller vanes l5.
  • the nozzle I3 is connected (connection not shown) to the high pressure water system within the submarine.
  • a one way valve V is inserted in the connection from nozzle L3 to the high pressure water system and serves to prevent a reverse flow of water when the submarine is submerged.
  • Numeral l6 designates a housing afiixed to surface 10 which serves to protect the turbine II and to retain the water output from the turbine I l
  • An outlet pipe H at the bottom of housing l6 serves to exhaust the water output from the turbine.
  • the turbine ll rotates a drive shaft 18 (not cross-sectioned) which is keyed to the impeller wheel (key not shown).
  • the drive shaft l8 rotates in a water-lubricated rubber bearing 19 (not cross-sectioned).
  • Water inlet '20 to hearing I9 is supplied with water from the high pressure water system (connection not shown).
  • the downward thrust of shaft [8 is taken by an end bearing 2! which is affixed to the top of hermetically-sealed selsyn housing 22.
  • the antenna is a standard type of direction finding antenna which includes a cylindrical parabola reflector 23 affixed to shaft I8 with its axis at 45 to the axis of the shaft.
  • the periphery of the reflector 23 is determined by the intersection of a cylindrical parabolic surface with its axis inclined at 45 to the axis of the shaft l8 with a cylindrical surface having its axis along the axis of shaft l8.
  • An electromagnetic horn (not shown) having a circularly polarized response is disposed at point 24 on the axis of shaft I8.
  • the response of the horn is substantially constant for all signals in the plane perpendicular to the axis of shaft I8. It is to be understood that the direction finding antenna formed by reflector 23 and the circularly polarized horn is only one of many antennas which may be affixed to the shaft [8.
  • the indication of the angular rotation of reflector 23 is furnished by the synchronous system 25 which includes a selsyn generator 26 having a permanent magnet 21 affixed to its shaft.
  • the selsyn generator is enclosed in hermeticallysealed selsyn housing 22.
  • Synchronous drive be tween shaft I8 and selsyn generator 26 is effected by the magnetic coupling between magnet 21 and a similar magnet 28 which is affixed at the lower end of shaft 18.
  • a brass plate 29 forming the top of selsyn housing 22 permits close magnetic coupling between magnets 21 and 28.
  • Other suitable materials may be used instead of brass, if desired.
  • the electrical output of selsyn generator 26 is transmitted through cable 30 and may be transmitted to the interior of the submarine through an electrical connector box in the customary manner.
  • a housing attached to the exterior of said submarine, a vertical shaft passing through the upper end of said housing, a parabolic reflector attached to the upper end of said vertical shaft, a hydraulic impulse wheel within said housing and attached to said vertical shaft, a nozzle positioned in said housing adjacent said impulse wheel to direct a fluid stream thereon from the water system of said submarine, a first permanent magnet attached to said vertical shaft, an electrical angular position transmitter within said housing coaxially with said vertical shaft, a second permanent magnet attached to said angular position transmitter and positioned adjacent said first permanent magnet, a sealed cover for said angular position transmitter and said second permanent magnet having a diamagnetic portion at least between said first and second permanent magnets whereby said impulse wheel drives said parabolic reflector and the position thereof is transmitted through said sealed cover to said angular position transmitter by said permanent magnets.
  • said electrical angular position transmitter comprises a selsyn transmitter.
  • a rotatable antenna system for a submarine, driving shaft means, a water turbine including an impeller wheel connected to said driving shaft means, a converging nozzle adjacent said impeller Wheel connected with the high pressure water system in the submarine for directing a stream of water onto said impeller wheel to rotate said drive shaft means, and valve means for preventing flow from said nozzle back to said high pressure water system, an antenna rotated by said drive shaft means, and means for indicating the angular rotation of said antenna.
  • a rotatable antenna system for submarines drive shaft means, an impeller wheel carried by said drive shaft means, an antenna driven by said drive shaft, a nozzle adjacent said impeller wheel connected to the high pressure water system of the submarine fOr directing a stream of water thereon to rotate said antenna, and valve means for preventing water flow from said nozzle to said high pressure water system of said submarine.
  • a housing attached to the exterior of said submarine, a drive shaft extending through said housing, an impeller wheel mounted on said drive shaft within said housing, a parabolic reflector mounted on the outer end of said drive shaft, a nozzle within said housing adjacent said impeller wheel connected to the high pressure water systern of said submarine to direct a stream of water onto said impeller wheel to rotate said reflector, and means to prevent flow from said turbine to said high pressure water system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

A. ALFORD 2,595,912 TURBINE ROTATED ANTENNA WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC ANSWER-BACK MEANS May 6, 1952 Filed April 9, 1946 FIG-2 INVENTOR ANDREW ALFOR D AT TORNEY Patented May 6, 1952 TURBINE ROTATED ANTENNA WITH ELEC- TROMAGNETIC AN SWER-BACK MEANS Andrew Alford, Cambridge, Mass., assignor'to the United States of Secretary of War America asrrepresented by the Application April 9, 1946, Serial No. 660,603
Claims. 1
This invention relates in general to mechanical-electrical apparatus and more particularly to a rotatable system suitable for installation on the exterior of a submarine.
It is often necessary to install a rotatable system such as a rotatable radar antenna or a rotatable direction finding antenna on the exterior of a submarine. One method of rotating the antenna is to use a drive shaft driven by an electric motor, both shaft and motor being located on the exterior of the submarine. A water pressure seal is used on the drive shaft-to-motor connection to prevent leakage when the submarine submerges. Such seals may be used where the speed of rotation is comparatively low (i. e. of the order of R. P. M.), although the seals may leak at great depths. However, these seals are not practical at speeds of the order of 300 R. P. M., such as are required for microwave direction finding.
Accordingly an object of the present invention is to produce a rotatable antenna system suitable for installation on the exterior of a submarine.
A further object of the present invention is to produce such a rotatable antenna system which may be operated at a high rotational speed.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.
One embodiment of the invention involves a radical departure from the customary antenna drive mechanism. Essentially the rotating drive is a water turbine driven from the high pressure water system in the submarine. A one way valve is placed in the pipe from the high pressure water system to the turbine nozzle, and prevents a reverse fiow of water when the submarine is submerged. The shaft of the water turbine drives a microwave direction finding antenna which is affixed to its upper end. The indication of the angular rotation of the antenna is furnished by a magnetically coupled synchronous system which includes a selsyn generator in a hermetically-sealed pressure-tight selsyn housing. The shaft of the selsyn generator and the lower end of the turbine shaft are both provided with permanent magnets which are separated by a brass plate. The magnetic coupling between the magnets serves to rotate the selsyn generator in synchronism with the antenna. The electrical output of the selsyn generator may be transmitted to the interior of the submarine in the customary manner.
l3 arranged to tangentially In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification,
Fig. 1 is a simplified partially cross-sectioned view illustrating one embodiment of the invention and,
Fig. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. I
In Fig. 1, wherein is illustrated one embodiment of the invention, numeral l0 designates the surface of the submarine. A water turbine ll (best understood by reference to Fig. 2) consists of an impeller wheel I2 and a converging nozzle drive the impeller wheel. The impeller wheel [2 is constructed of two circular supporting plates l4 between which areafiixed impeller vanes l5. The nozzle I3 is connected (connection not shown) to the high pressure water system within the submarine. A one way valve V is inserted in the connection from nozzle L3 to the high pressure water system and serves to prevent a reverse flow of water when the submarine is submerged. Numeral l6 designates a housing afiixed to surface 10 which serves to protect the turbine II and to retain the water output from the turbine I l An outlet pipe H at the bottom of housing l6 serves to exhaust the water output from the turbine.
The turbine ll rotates a drive shaft 18 (not cross-sectioned) which is keyed to the impeller wheel (key not shown). The drive shaft l8 rotates in a water-lubricated rubber bearing 19 (not cross-sectioned). Water inlet '20 to hearing I9 is supplied with water from the high pressure water system (connection not shown). The downward thrust of shaft [8 is taken by an end bearing 2! which is affixed to the top of hermetically-sealed selsyn housing 22.
The antenna is a standard type of direction finding antenna which includes a cylindrical parabola reflector 23 affixed to shaft I8 with its axis at 45 to the axis of the shaft. The periphery of the reflector 23 is determined by the intersection of a cylindrical parabolic surface with its axis inclined at 45 to the axis of the shaft l8 with a cylindrical surface having its axis along the axis of shaft l8. An electromagnetic horn (not shown) having a circularly polarized response is disposed at point 24 on the axis of shaft I8. The response of the horn is substantially constant for all signals in the plane perpendicular to the axis of shaft I8. It is to be understood that the direction finding antenna formed by reflector 23 and the circularly polarized horn is only one of many antennas which may be affixed to the shaft [8.
The indication of the angular rotation of reflector 23 is furnished by the synchronous system 25 which includes a selsyn generator 26 having a permanent magnet 21 affixed to its shaft. The selsyn generator is enclosed in hermeticallysealed selsyn housing 22. Synchronous drive be tween shaft I8 and selsyn generator 26 is effected by the magnetic coupling between magnet 21 and a similar magnet 28 which is affixed at the lower end of shaft 18. A brass plate 29 forming the top of selsyn housing 22 permits close magnetic coupling between magnets 21 and 28. However other suitable materials may be used instead of brass, if desired. The electrical output of selsyn generator 26 is transmitted through cable 30 and may be transmitted to the interior of the submarine through an electrical connector box in the customary manner.
It will be apparent that there may be deviations from the invention as described which still fall fairly within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Accordingly all such deviations are claimed which fall fairly within the spirit and scope of the invention as indicated in the hereinafter appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. In a submersible radar antenna system for a submarine, a housing attached to the exterior of said submarine, a vertical shaft passing through the upper end of said housing, a parabolic reflector attached to the upper end of said vertical shaft, a hydraulic impulse wheel within said housing and attached to said vertical shaft, a nozzle positioned in said housing adjacent said impulse wheel to direct a fluid stream thereon from the water system of said submarine, a first permanent magnet attached to said vertical shaft, an electrical angular position transmitter within said housing coaxially with said vertical shaft, a second permanent magnet attached to said angular position transmitter and positioned adjacent said first permanent magnet, a sealed cover for said angular position transmitter and said second permanent magnet having a diamagnetic portion at least between said first and second permanent magnets whereby said impulse wheel drives said parabolic reflector and the position thereof is transmitted through said sealed cover to said angular position transmitter by said permanent magnets.
2. The structure claimed in claim 1 wherein said electrical angular position transmitter comprises a selsyn transmitter.
3. In a rotatable antenna system for a submarine, driving shaft means, a water turbine including an impeller wheel connected to said driving shaft means, a converging nozzle adjacent said impeller Wheel connected with the high pressure water system in the submarine for directing a stream of water onto said impeller wheel to rotate said drive shaft means, and valve means for preventing flow from said nozzle back to said high pressure water system, an antenna rotated by said drive shaft means, and means for indicating the angular rotation of said antenna.
4. In a rotatable antenna system for submarines, drive shaft means, an impeller wheel carried by said drive shaft means, an antenna driven by said drive shaft, a nozzle adjacent said impeller wheel connected to the high pressure water system of the submarine fOr directing a stream of water thereon to rotate said antenna, and valve means for preventing water flow from said nozzle to said high pressure water system of said submarine.
5. In a rotating antenna system for submarines, a housing attached to the exterior of said submarine, a drive shaft extending through said housing, an impeller wheel mounted on said drive shaft within said housing, a parabolic reflector mounted on the outer end of said drive shaft, a nozzle within said housing adjacent said impeller wheel connected to the high pressure water systern of said submarine to direct a stream of water onto said impeller wheel to rotate said reflector, and means to prevent flow from said turbine to said high pressure water system.
ANDREW ALFORD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,025,611 Doble May 7, 1912 1,028,554 Doble June 4, 1912 1,303,729 Rogers May 13, 1919 1,308,435 Maire July 1, 1919 1,962,659 Kautz June 12, 1934 2,219,844 Lotter Oct. 29, 1940 2,407,310 Lundy Sept. 10, 1946 2,410,827 Langstroth et a1. Nov. 12, 1946
US660603A 1946-04-09 1946-04-09 Turbine rotated antenna with electromagnetic answer-back means Expired - Lifetime US2595912A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2754513A (en) * 1951-12-04 1956-07-10 Georg J E Goubau Antenna
US5358377A (en) * 1990-08-06 1994-10-25 Texas Instruments Incorporated System and method for support and rotation of volume

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1025611A (en) * 1910-05-24 1912-05-07 May E Doble Means for controlling the discharge from hydraulic motors.
US1028554A (en) * 1910-06-01 1912-06-04 May E Doble Hydro-electric unit.
US1303729A (en) * 1919-01-10 1919-05-13 James Harris Rogers Wireless Signaling System
US1308435A (en) * 1919-07-01 Auguste maire
US1962659A (en) * 1930-12-13 1934-06-12 Delton R Kautz Motion transmitting mechanism
US2219844A (en) * 1939-12-09 1940-10-29 Joseph C Lotter Directional antenna control
US2407310A (en) * 1943-02-27 1946-09-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Scanning device
US2410827A (en) * 1943-06-28 1946-11-12 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Scanning device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1308435A (en) * 1919-07-01 Auguste maire
US1025611A (en) * 1910-05-24 1912-05-07 May E Doble Means for controlling the discharge from hydraulic motors.
US1028554A (en) * 1910-06-01 1912-06-04 May E Doble Hydro-electric unit.
US1303729A (en) * 1919-01-10 1919-05-13 James Harris Rogers Wireless Signaling System
US1962659A (en) * 1930-12-13 1934-06-12 Delton R Kautz Motion transmitting mechanism
US2219844A (en) * 1939-12-09 1940-10-29 Joseph C Lotter Directional antenna control
US2407310A (en) * 1943-02-27 1946-09-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Scanning device
US2410827A (en) * 1943-06-28 1946-11-12 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Scanning device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2754513A (en) * 1951-12-04 1956-07-10 Georg J E Goubau Antenna
US5358377A (en) * 1990-08-06 1994-10-25 Texas Instruments Incorporated System and method for support and rotation of volume

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