US2594247A - Circuit breaker operating system - Google Patents

Circuit breaker operating system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2594247A
US2594247A US96469A US9646949A US2594247A US 2594247 A US2594247 A US 2594247A US 96469 A US96469 A US 96469A US 9646949 A US9646949 A US 9646949A US 2594247 A US2594247 A US 2594247A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
breaker
pillar
control
relay
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Expired - Lifetime
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US96469A
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English (en)
Inventor
Thibaudat Albert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges et Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Jeumont SA
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Forges et Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Jeumont SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
    • H01H33/423—Driving mechanisms making use of an electromagnetic wave communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention is applicable to -a1l'-types of circuit-breakers, and more particula'rlyto a 'novel kind of apparatus ofthis class recently suggested but not ltself forming the subject of'the present invention.
  • "Such apparatus comprise autonomous insulated operating mechanisms, exposed-to-the high tension of the line and consequently-made nor- -mally inaccessible. 'They *areprovided with a sourceo'f mechanical energy suchas a tankot highly-compressed air, and one or more auxiliary sources ofcontrol current, suchas dry cells or storage batteries of suitable -type. These sources of mechanical and electrical energy, as well as the mechanisms which are provided for operating each circuit-breakerpole separately or --al1'the poles at oncey-are mounted on-the high-tension side, without any connection with the ground.
  • the operating mechan'isms are remote-controlled by "radio apparatus, the receivers being associated with these-mechanisms.
  • One of the main objects of the* invention-is to provide simple and effective means for -controlling the circuit-breaker by thesera'dio apparatus, in cases where the operating-systems 'comprisea source of electrical'controlling energy, as well as in cases where-theydo'not comprise such a source.
  • Another object of the invention-isto operate the circuit-breaker rapidly bythe-very low-output'energy of the radio receivers, bymeans oi electrical, mechanical or pneumaticrelays.
  • One .ofthe objects of the invention isvtoiobtain the rapid reclosing operationioi the circuit-breakers'controlled bysa radio link 101C011- nection.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram representing -8.2 system oi control .byradio link, with two -sourees of 10perative energy and-two sensitive control l'elays;
  • Fig. 2 is a 'diagram'crelatingto an analogous system having no powerful o! but utilizing mechanical relays controlled sby two electrical relays;
  • Fig. [3 shows :a -.modification Tot: v-in'g only a single electrical relay;
  • Figs. 5 and 6' represent :a: safety devicetheretonmg. :6 being a section of Fig: 5' ron the line 'm-n.
  • Fig. 7. is a sectional'vlew d va-supplementary connection.
  • the operating "system may: be arranged in coniormity with Fig.
  • a transmitter W for emitting-the radio or Hertzianiwaves used for control, this transmitter- *being atjiground potential and provided wan a suitable system or antennae -cl.
  • This apparatus cooperates "with 'a radio receiver .R which I picks-up --the:Hertzian control waves by '-its i.antennae 'A, -and"which fmay be-provided with a source B2 of'electric'al tenergyi, such-as-a battery of dryicella for. example.
  • This receiver is arranged in the interior 'iof: then-con trol device 1 -represented in r Fig. 4, 'where the apparatus W is shown at 8.
  • the apparatus R feeds by@ its output circuit Ml asensiti-ve' relay C foriclosingthe circuit-breaker. sand byiitsoutput circuit M2 3-",Sl'1Sl-tiYCXG13-Y D for "tripping or opening 'the circuit-breaker. iThese two relays-operate selectivehtaccording to -the nature of the 1 signal ⁇ picked up by the tennae-A.
  • Ther closing-relay C- which need-notbecapeble of "producing" directlythe closing or the-circuitbreaker :or phone pole thereoi, igacts upon-an battery B1 which is charged by a suitable device, such as a current transformer, for example, associated with a rectifier unit T Y is a conventional three-way valve mechanically operated by the piston P for controlling the air-inlet and outlet.
  • the tripping relay D causes the opening of one pole or of all the poles of the circuit-breaker by means of the intermediate electrical relay F which is energized by the same source B1.
  • This intermediate relay acts upon a sensitive latching device of any suitable type, such as a toggle for example.
  • this latching device takes the form of a pawl L which maintains the circuit-breaker in the closed position by holding a lever N in the position shown, this lever being suitably connected to the moving parts of the circuit-breaker and tending to turn in the direction of the arrow towards its open position under the efiectof a spring S which is arranged for storing up energy upon the preceding closure of the circuit-breaker.
  • the device D may control a pneumatic device similar to the valve V.
  • the sensitiveclosing relay C actuates a sensit'ivelatching device analogous to that of Fig. 1, but having stored mechanical" energy.
  • This latching device consists for example of a pawl L1 which-normally holds the bell-crank lever N1.
  • the lever Lg may likewise strike upon a suitable mechanical locking" device of the circuit-breaker, if the latter is of the type urged elasticallytowards its open-position.”
  • Fig. 3 Such an arrangement is represented in Fig. 3, where the lever G is actuated by the circuitbreaker so as to occupy the position a when the breaker is closed and to occupy the position b when it is open.
  • This lever displaces a sliding rod F1 which in the position (1 represented tensions the spring S2 and in the position b tensions the spring S1.
  • These two springs act upon the operating lever N3 which is held fast in the position shown by the double pawl La, controlled by the single relay E1.
  • valves V1 and V2. can be arranged and connected as described with reference to Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 3 thereis no representation of a source 132 for feeding the receiver R. It has been supposed that in this case the apparatus R picks up beamed radiations having suflicient energy to energize the sensitive relay E without requiring amplification. It is known in the art of ultrashort waves that modern appliances allow of obtaining such ,a result. It is obvious, however, that the system shown in Fig. 3 may also include a source of current corresponding to B2 in Figs. 1 and 2, and conversely that the systems of Figs. 1 and 2 can be worked without such source;
  • Figs. 1 to 3 there are shown elements I6, l5 and I0 which allow for manual operation of the circuit-breaker to secure its opening, the element Ill being an insulating pillar which, in turning around its axis, causes its arm 15 to actuate the fork l6 and thereby the element L, L2 Of'La respectively','in order to effect the tripping of the circuitbreaker by settingiree the energy provided for the purpose, 'as' explained above.
  • This'manual operation of the breaker will bode-.- scribed more fully hereinafter with reference to Fig.4". It 3, y '11'
  • FIG. 1 Figfil-represents -an arrangementwhich allows all these results to be obtained.
  • a high-tension circuitbreaker -constituted by a switch proper .l, of any suitable type, having external connections 2 and landmountedupon a base 4; .this latter isxsupported upon a platform 5, insulated in relation .to the ground by means of suitable insulating pillars, represented diagrammatically by the chain lines'ii.
  • the base 4 contains mechanism for operating the' switch i, aswell as a source of energy for actuating that mechanism.
  • a suitable member, constituted for example by a second valve or by a lockingzdevice is :provided foreifecting the trip- :ping of Jthe'switch l "These members for closing and opening the circuitrbreaker pole are likewise mounted in the interiorcof the base 4. They are actuated by a oontrolsdevioe I which corresponds to the element'R'inFigs. 1 to 3, and comprises one or more receiverv apparatus, sensitive to the action of Hertzian radiations, emitted by a suitable transmitterset B: and directed in the line of the arrow 8.
  • The-control device 7 may also contain the relays C and D shown in the previous figures, as
  • ZT-he'dcvice 7 is supported by a separate insulating pillar Ill which can not only turn around its, longitudinal axis A--B when the lever II is manipulated, but also rock or pivot in a vertical planearound a hinge [2, so as to bring thecon- .trol ,device 1- into its inoperative position designated'by 1' and'shown in broken-lines.
  • control device 1 The electrical connections between the control device 1 and the base 4 are effected by flexible leads [3 which terminate in contact members I4; these :Iatter'may take the form of plugs, contact :springsor other devices arranged to establish the desired connections when the pillar i is in the vertical position shown.
  • The-pillar ID has likewise a mechanical connection with the base 4; this connection is represented in the form of a metallic arm l5 which engages in a .movable fork l6.
  • eachpole of the circuit-breaker may have an over-current relay for causing its tripping in case ,of over-load or short-circuit.
  • This relay not shown, is disposed in the interior of the base 4 andacts directly upon the operating mechanism,
  • the system represented in'Fig. 4 can operate in. the following manner:
  • the contact members I4 and thefiexible wires t3 establish the necessary connections-between the radio-receiver-or-receivers R, disposed not transmitted to 'the'controldevice I, nor to the sensitive apparatus which it'encloses, for-"they are supported, according to the invention, by a separate pillar. In'order further not to transmit the said shocks. and vibrations by the arm IS, a sufilcient clearancecan be provided between that arm and the prongs of the'fork Hi.
  • the switch I In order to operate the switch I by "hand, it suffices to actuate the'lever II which is mounted at-a standard height in relation to the ground.
  • the pillar H] By means of this lever, the pillar H] can be turned around its longitudinal axis A-B; the arm [5 then shifts the fork [6 which is arranged to operate directly or indirectlythe members for closing or openingthe switch I, accordingto the direction of this shifting movement.
  • the parts I5 and I6 mayforexample act upon the intermediate relay means, as shown in Figs. 1, 2'and 3. Ihere is thus made available a simple means for closing and opening the circuit-breaker, without having recourse to the remote control.
  • the pillar ill is made to rock or pivot in the direction of the arrow l1, thereby bringing the lever l I into the position H and the control device 1 into the position I.
  • This has for eifect to interrupt the connections established .by the contacts l4; these contacts move to the position l4, and the flexible wires to i3, so that the control device I is no longer under high-tension voltage and can be inspected without any danger.
  • the insulating pillar It! can rock or tilt around the pivotal shaft 12 (Fig. 5) which occupies normally the position p -p marked in Fig. 6.
  • the pillar is held fast by the plunger core l9 which normally engages in the extension 18 of the pillar Hi.
  • This extension comprises an inclined. slot 2 I.
  • the first consists in bringing the shaft 12 from the position p-p to the position p'p'; this corresponds to a rotation of the pillar around the vertical axis through anangle q '(Fig. 6).
  • Such rotation produces the tripping of the circuit-breaker by the effect of the members l5 and I5 (Fig. 4), as has been explained already.
  • the latter can be rocked or tilted around the axis p'p', the plunger core l9 escaping by .way of the slot 2
  • a remote control and emergency operating mechanism connected to the high tension, comprising i a compressed-air container, an air-cylinder with a driving piston and air-valves interposed between said container and said cylinder, mechanical valve control relaying devices of spring type mechanism for remote control and emergency I operation by hand, comprising a compressed-air container, an air cylinder with a driving piston and control valves interposed between said container and said cylinder, mechanical valve-control relaying means of spring type driven by said piston to store up control energy, locking and tripping means, formed by pawls co-operating with said relaying means and driven by said sensitive relays, and an emergency control device for releasing said pawls manually, said device comdriven by said piston to store up control energy,
  • tripping means for said relaying devices formed by ratchets attached to the armatures of said sensitive magnetic relays, and a manually op erated control device for emergency operation of the circuit-breaker
  • said device comprising a pivotally mounted and rotatable insulating pillar mountedadjacent to the circuit-breaker, an insulated control cabinet supported by said pillar, said cabinet accommodating the radio-receiver and those elements of said magnetic relays which require periodical attention, disengageable linking means between said pillar and said tripping means whereby the circuit-breaker can be operated by manual rotation of said pillar, and spring contact elements electrically connecting said sensitive relays inside said cabinet with co-operating control elements carried by the circuit-breaker, whereby pivotal movement of said pillar from itsnornial position disengages said linking means prising an axially rotatable pillar pivotally mounted in an upright position adjacent to the circuit-breaker, an insulated control cabinet'carried by the upper end of said pillar for accommodating the radio-receiver and those of the control elements
  • an additional elastic contact be: tween the cabinet and the live parts of the circuit-breaker, said additional contact being independent of the sensitive control elements of the relaying means and having a longer stroke than the first-mentioned elastic contacts, whereby said additional contact separates last of all for interrupting capacitance currents.
  • safety means for preventing pivotal movement of the pillar towards its inoperative position until the circuit breaker has .been tripped, said safety means being formed by a locking device at the pivot of said pillar, said locking device comprising an extension upon said pillar, said extension including a slot, and a locking plunger core engaging in said slot, and said slot being inclined in such a direction that said pivotal movement can take place only after man ual rotation of said pillar to produce the-tripping of the circuit-breaker.
  • safety means for preventing pivotal movement of the pillar until the preliminary op-' erations prescribed by safety regulations have been effected, said safety means comprising a safety circuit, a source of current for said circuit, a plurality of contacts in said circuit, said contacts being interlocked for closing said circuit when all the prescribed preliminary safety oper ations have been effected, a coil energized by said circuit when closed, and a plunger forming an armature of said coil adapted to lock the pivotal movement of said pillar when said coil is de energized.
  • a high-tension circuit-breaker of radio remote control type having pneumatic operating mechanisms including a piston located at the high potential of said circuit-breaker, a radio receiver and intermediate relay means for con, trolling said operating mechanisms, said. inter+ 9 mediate relaying means being energizable by the output of said radio receiver, an entirely autonomous control mechanism comprising a low power closing relay and a low power tripping relay both energizable by output circuits of the radio receiver, two separate mechanical valve control relaying devices of spring type, each including a rotatable lever, the first driven by the closing movement of said piston to store up control energy and the second by the opening movement of the circuit-breaker, and separate sensitive retaining elements mechanically connected to the armatures of the corresponding low-power relays and arranged for normally locking said levers in their respective terminal positions, the energization of the corresponding relay causing one of said levers to be released, two air-valves for controlling the operation of said operating mechanisms, said valves being positioned to be operated by the respective
  • a high-tension circuit-breaker of the radio remote control type having pneumatic operating mechanisms located at the high potential of said circuit-breaker, a radio receiver and intermediate relaying means for controlling said operating mechanisms, said intermediate relaying means being energizable by the out-put of said radio receiver, an entirely autonomous control mechanism comprising a single low-power relay connectible to the out-put of the radio receiver, and a two-way mechanical relaying device including a rotatable control lever, two spring elements for biasing said lever towards opposite end positions and for storing up mechanical energy during the closing and opening movements respectively of the circuit-breaker, a sensitive retaining element mechanically connected to the armature of said low-power relay for releasing said lever upon energization of said relay, two air-valves for controlling said operating mechanisms, said valves being positioned for operation by said lever in its opposite end positions respectively, and a device for emergency actuation of said relaying means, said devicecomprising a pivotally mounted and axially rotatable pillar located in an upright position adjacent

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
US96469A 1948-06-04 1949-06-01 Circuit breaker operating system Expired - Lifetime US2594247A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR286250X 1948-06-04
FR191048X 1948-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2594247A true US2594247A (en) 1952-04-22

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ID=26214036

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US96469A Expired - Lifetime US2594247A (en) 1948-06-04 1949-06-01 Circuit breaker operating system

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US (1) US2594247A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE489089A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH286250A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB663001A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745952A (en) * 1948-10-23 1956-05-15 Electricite De France Devices for operating and controlling high tension electrical apparatus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1334848A (en) * 1918-10-23 1920-03-23 Charles J Fortin High-tension switch
US1514699A (en) * 1921-08-01 1924-11-11 Earl C Hanson Method and apparatus for wireless control for torpedoes, etc.
US1899481A (en) * 1931-02-20 1933-02-28 Clifford L Reals Switch for controlling electrically operated circuit interrupters
US2084877A (en) * 1935-02-02 1937-06-22 Gen Electric Circuit controlling system
US2238636A (en) * 1938-09-09 1941-04-15 Gen Electric Electric switchgear
US2255496A (en) * 1939-12-22 1941-09-09 Gen Electric Control system for circuit breakers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1334848A (en) * 1918-10-23 1920-03-23 Charles J Fortin High-tension switch
US1514699A (en) * 1921-08-01 1924-11-11 Earl C Hanson Method and apparatus for wireless control for torpedoes, etc.
US1899481A (en) * 1931-02-20 1933-02-28 Clifford L Reals Switch for controlling electrically operated circuit interrupters
US2084877A (en) * 1935-02-02 1937-06-22 Gen Electric Circuit controlling system
US2238636A (en) * 1938-09-09 1941-04-15 Gen Electric Electric switchgear
US2255496A (en) * 1939-12-22 1941-09-09 Gen Electric Control system for circuit breakers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745952A (en) * 1948-10-23 1956-05-15 Electricite De France Devices for operating and controlling high tension electrical apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE489089A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB663001A (en) 1951-12-12
CH286250A (fr) 1952-10-15

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