US2594009A - Inverted extrusion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

A ril 22, 1952 Filed July 15, 1947 &

E. F. GIBIAN INVERTED EXTRUSION APPARATUS fig.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l Em; F. G/B/A/v.

Patented Apr. 22, 1952 INVERTED EXTRUSION APZARATUS Emil F. Gibian, East Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Thompson Products, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application July 15, 1am, Serial No. is mi 3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in extrusion processes and apparatus, and more particularly, to an improvement wherein a die ring, in which the metal or billet of other extrusion material is placed at the start of the operation, moves with the ram as the extrusion material is forced into the die, to thereby reduce friction between the extrusion material and the die ring. Heretofore, according to conventional extrusion practices, the material which is to be extruded or forced into the forming die is initially placed in a die ring and a ram, which moves relatively to the die ring, forces it from that die ring into the forming die. In addition to the work performed in forcing the material into the die there has, heretofore, according to prior practice, been a large amount of work performed by the ram due solely to the friction between the material and the die ring as the material slides along the walls of the die ring and into the die. It is apparent that such friction would naturally be very great and that a tremendous amount of ram pressure is required merely to overcome this friction.

According to my improvement, by causing the die ring to move with the ram as the material is extruded from the die ring into the die, this friction is eliminated or very greatly decreased. Accordingly, much less ram pressure is required to perform the total operation, and less wear on the die ring and ram results.

Accordingly, a general object of the invention is to provide an improved extrusion apparatus wherein friction is very substantially reduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved extrusion apparatus in which by decreasing friction between the extrusion material and the die ring which initially holds it,

wear and tear on the die ring is very substantially decreased and the life of the die ring thereby prolonged.

Another object is to provide a billet holder or die ring which moves with the ram during the working stroke.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which the foregoing advantages are obtained by means of a mechanism of simple construction and which may be set up in an extrusion press with little difficulty.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be mentioned hereinafter or will become apparent from a perusal of the following specification in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown and described for the purpose of illustrating the general principles and mode of operation of the invention, without intending, however, to limit the invention to the details of construction herein shown.

On the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 3 of an apparatus embodying my invention, showing a billet prior to the application of pressure thereto;

' Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 3, showing the die closed with the billet extruded into the die;

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the broken line III-III of Figure l, on a reduced scale; and

Figure 4 is a top plan view, on a larger scale, of the split conical sleeve shown in Figures 1 and 2.

As shown on the drawings:

Referring further to the drawings, a die ring I0 is held in a vertically movable die ring holder or collar H by means of a split sleeve I2 and a nut 13. The outer surface of the split sleeve is conical, engaging with the conical bore of the collar II, while the flange l2 supports the lower end of the die ring. Cooperating threads on the nut l3 and the sleeve l2 serve to lock the die ring In securely in place, and laterally support the die ring firmly in the heavy collar l I.

A die insert M has a sliding fit in the die ring it. The working end l5 of the punch and its working face l6 fit into the die ring with some clearance.

A die insert holder i1 is bolted firmly to a base block l8 on the press while a backing block [9 is positioned centrally below the die insert to receive the thrust therefrom during the extrusion operation. As indicated, a plurality of bolts 20 are threaded into the insert holder l1 and springs such as 2| are employed to return the movable collar to raised position after each stroke of the ram. A set screw 22 may be employed as shown to look the die insert in position in the insert holder.

In order to facilitate ready assembly of the apparatus, the bolts 23 may be employed in pairs. each having a head 24 which may he slid into slots 25 of common construction in the base member 18 while the nuts 25 are employed to firmly hold the die insert holder I! on the base I8.

The drawings show an assembly which is especially adapted to the manufacture of valves of the poppet type. In the operation of the device, the billet A is placed in the die ring Ill as shown, and in the down stroke of the ram, a shoulder 21 on the punch will engage the top face of the die ring. As the ram continues on the downstroke, shoulder 21 of the punch will force the die ring ID downwardly, while the working end of the ram or punch forces the billet into the die insert [4. During this movement, the ring telescopes over the die with a sliding fit and furnishes additional lateral support for the die. As indicated in Figure 2, the length of the stroke is limited by the distance the moveable collar Il may travel without coming into actual contact with the insert holder I1, the billet at that time having attained the shape indicated in Figure 2. It should be understood that other operations on the valve are performed with other apparatus.

It will now be appreciated that as the heated billet is being extruded into the die insert (4. the die ring moves along with it, telescoping over the die insert as shown in Figure 2, hence the billet does not slide relatively to the die ring;

While springs 2! are shown for returning the parts of the pressto their original position after the working stroke, any suitable mean may be employed, such as hydraulic action, compressed air, etc.

While the drawings show an assembly especially adapted for the die forming of poppet valves, it should be understood that articles of other shapes may be formed from billets in accordance. with this invention, and that While certain details of construction are herein shown which are especially adaptable for the forming of poppet valves, the invention is not limited to such details, but is subject to considerablevariation and modification without departure from the spirit and scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

'1, In an inverted extrusion apparatus including a die insert, a billet receiving die ring slidably telescoped around said insert, a split clamping sleeve surrounding said die ring, a spring pressed collar having a tapered aperture in which said clamping sleeve is disposed, and'adjustable means on'said clamping sleeve thrusting against said collar for forcing said sleeve toward the small end of said aperture and radially contracting said sleeve around the die ring.

2. An inverted extrusion apparatus comprising a die holder having an open topped recess with a hole through the bottom thereof, a hollow die insert in said hole and extending therefrom into said recess, a locking member securing said die insert in said die holder, studs anchored in said die holder and extending through said recess, a

collar slidably mounted on said studs and move-- ble into said recess of the die holder, said collar having a tapered aperture therethrough converging toward the top thereof, a split sleeve in said tapered aperture of the collar having a threaded end projecting above the collar, a nut threaded on said threaded end of the sleeve and thrusting against said collar to draw the sleeve into wedging engagement with said tapered aperture, a die ring slidable around the projecting portion of said die insert and clamped in said split sleeve, spring means around said studs between said collar and die holder and urging said collar above the bottom of the recess for carrying the die ring in extended relation to said die insert, and a plunger for acting on a billet in said die ring to force the billet into said die insert while telescoping the die ring around the insert.

3. -An inverted extrusion apparatus comprising a base, a die holder having a vertical passage therethrough, means for detachably securing the holder to the base, a vertically extending hollow extrusion die having its lower end positioned in said passage and means for locking it therein, guide studs secured to said holder and a vertically shiftable collar slidably guided on said studs, spring means supported on said holder for retracting the collar away from the holder, an upwardly tapered conical passage in the collar, a die ring surrounding the upper end of the die in telescopically slidable relation thereto, a split tapered sleeve in said tapered passage embracing said die ring and having a flange engaging the lower end of the ring and a threaded-neck extending .above the top of said collar, a nut engaged with the threaded neck and thrusting against said collar, and a reciprocable extru sion plunger having a shoulder engageable with the upper end of the die ring effective for telescoping the latter downwardly over the die and a reduced working portion for simultaneously entering the die ring for forcing a billet therefrom into the die.

' EMIL F. GTBIAN;

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Welsford et al. Jan. 30, 1,945

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