US2584029A - Photographic silver transfer product and process, including a lead salt - Google Patents

Photographic silver transfer product and process, including a lead salt Download PDF

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Publication number
US2584029A
US2584029A US662000A US66200046A US2584029A US 2584029 A US2584029 A US 2584029A US 662000 A US662000 A US 662000A US 66200046 A US66200046 A US 66200046A US 2584029 A US2584029 A US 2584029A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
silver
image
silver halide
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US662000A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edwin H Land
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polaroid Corp
Original Assignee
Polaroid Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE471336D priority Critical patent/BE471336A/xx
Application filed by Polaroid Corp filed Critical Polaroid Corp
Priority to US662000A priority patent/US2584029A/en
Priority to US727385A priority patent/US2698245A/en
Priority to FR55253D priority patent/FR55253E/fr
Priority to GB4647/47A priority patent/GB703231A/en
Priority to CH319602D priority patent/CH319602A/fr
Priority to DEI2130A priority patent/DE940505C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2584029A publication Critical patent/US2584029A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/02—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section
    • G03C8/04—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section the substances transferred by diffusion consisting of inorganic or organo-metallic compounds derived from photosensitive noble metals
    • G03C8/06—Silver salt diffusion transfer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photography and more particularly to novel photographic film units and materials, and methods for utilizing such film units and materials.
  • a preferred form of the present invention relates to improvements over the novel photographic film units and processes disclosed in my copendin-g application Serial No. 576,254 filed February 5, 1945, for Photographic Process, Apparatus and Product, now abandoned. It is, however, not limited to use with such processes or films.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide photographic materials and processes which enable the production of a positive image having increased contrast, gamma and stability.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a photographic image having a pH varying in accordance with the density of said image, said pH being high in the shadows and low in the highlights.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a composite photographic film unit comprising a photosensitive layer, an image-carrying layer and a container having therein a liquid composition, said liquid composition comprising a solvent for a developer and an alkali, said film unit having therein a developer and an alkali, said imagecarrying layer having associated therewith a substance capable of reducing the alkalinity of said image-carrying layer when said liquid composition is spread in contact therewith.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide in a photographic process of the type wherein a layer of photosensitive material is treated with a liquid composition, including a developer, and a positive image is created by transferring image forming components from said layer to another layer, the improvement which comprises increasing the contrast and gamma of said image by forming said image in thepresence of a sub stance capable of reducing the alkalinity of said image in the highlights thereof.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a photographic process which comprises treating a layer of exposed photosensitive material with an alkaline liquid composition contain ing a developer, an alkali, and a substance capa ble of forming image-forming components with nents to another layer and creating on said other layer a positive image having dense blacks and clear highlights by reacting said image-forming components. with said alkaline liquid composition and preventing the oxidation of any excess developer in the area of said highlights by reducing the alkalinity of said liquid composition in the area of said highlights to a point where oxidation of said developer does not occur.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a photographic sheet material capable of acting as a carrier for a final positive image when formed into a permeable assembly with an undeveloped exposed photosensitive layer and permeated with a liquid composition containing a solvent, a developer, a material for forming positive image-forming components and a film-forming material, said sheet material having associated therewith a substance capable of reacting with said film-forming material to form therewith compounds less soluble in water than said film-forming material.
  • a composite photographic film unit having a photosensitive layer and another layer.
  • the other layer may serve several functions.
  • a preferred example it acts as a backing layer topermit the spreading of. a liquid composition in a layer parallel to the photosensitive layer and it also performsthe additional function of serving as a carrier for the final positive image.
  • it serves only either one of these functions or merely acts to carry certain of the reactive ingredients.
  • This layer is referred to as an image-carrying layer. Between these two layers there is included a rupturable container or pod having therein a liquid composition.
  • This composition is preferably viscous, preferably alkaline and preferably contains therein a developer and a film-forming material.
  • the liquid composition also preferably contains a substance which will react with the unexposed portions of the photosensitive layer to form therewith soluble image-forming complexes.
  • the viscous developing composition tion of the film-forming substance which, dur- I 3 ing the processing of the film, is converted from a fluid to a solid.
  • the positive image-forming complexes are transferred from the photosensitive layer to, the image-receiving layer, where the positive image is formed.
  • the photosensitive layer is next preferably stripped from the imagereceiving layer to reveal the finished positive image.
  • the present invention deals primarily with the improvement of the above process and product by increasing the stability, contrast and gamma of the resultant image and the insolubility and dimensional stability of the formed film.
  • the present invention is not limited to use with-the above product or process, however.
  • Figure 1 isan exaggeratedcross-sectional view of ;a preferred embodiment of -.the present inven-.
  • r I Fig. 2 is an exaggerated cross-sectional view of another embodiment of thepresent invention.
  • a base layer In adapted to carry on one surface thereof a photosensitive layer H.
  • an image-carrying layer [2 which may be joined to the base layer til-by means of a hinge I l.
  • This base .canbe madeopaque if desired, by
  • :lllfcan be made or paper and-other.materialssuitable .for supporting a photosensitive emulsionopacity will be preferable depending upon .how the film is exposed within the camera. :It may also be made of an impermeablesubstance.such
  • the photosensitive layer is preferably of the type rendered developable .by exposure .to light, e. g., an emulsion of a silver halide, or of a mixture of silver halides or of a mixed-:silver halide.
  • the image-carrying layer H2 in a'preferred embodiment. of the invention, :is Iformed of a photographic material, known in .the artasbaryta paper, although it can be made .of other substances.
  • This layer is preferably pern eableto a substance contained in the liquid composition and may also be manufactured from other sub stances such as gelatin or paper.
  • the liquid composition in its preferred embodiment, is composed of a developer such as hydroquinone, a film-forming substancefsuch as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and a substance adapted to form from a latent photographic image a posi- V tive image-forming component.
  • a developer such as hydroquinone
  • a film-forming substancef such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
  • a substance adapted to form from a latent photographic image a posi- V tive image-forming component is sodium thiosulfate.
  • a preservative i. e. sodium sulfite
  • alkali i. e. sodium hydroxide
  • Example #1 The following substances are put in a beaker.
  • the above mixture isstirred in a closed mixer 7 having a nitrogen atmosphere over the. liquid therein, and the temperature is raised to 178 F.
  • the mixture is maintained at this temperature for approximately 3% hours.
  • 2.5 grams of sodium-tliiosulfate are added to the above, mixture.
  • grams of hydroquinone are'adde'dto the mixture; 237 cc. of water are I then added to the mixture sometime before the completion'of the '3 /zhour heating period.
  • preservatives and alkalies may be used, and other substances such as restrainers may beadded.
  • the photosensitive layer isexposed; to ia'ctinic' light a Ell and, without further exposure to light, the whole assembly is subjected to a mechanical stress such as by passing through a wringer, not shown, starting with the hinge end 14.
  • a mechanical stress such as by passing through a wringer, not shown, starting with the hinge end 14.
  • the container [3 is ruptured and the liquid composition is uniformly spread between the photosensitive layer H and the image-carrying layer i2.
  • the developer develops the latent photographic image and the sodium thiosulfate dissolves the unexposed silver halide grains and carries them into the image-receiving layer, being formed by the solidification of the film-forming substance contained in the liquid composition.
  • These unexposed silver halide grains are then developed and formed into a positive image. While this process is in operation stated above, the filmforming substance, i. e. the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, is being solidified into a dimensionally stable film,
  • imagecarrying layer I2 is coated with a solution of a lead salt such as lead acetate,,ancl the solvent is allowed to evaporate, leaving within and upon the surface of the layer 12 a precipitate of lead acetate.
  • a lead salt such as lead acetate,,ancl the solvent is allowed to evaporate, leaving within and upon the surface of the layer 12 a precipitate of lead acetate.
  • the lead acetate is taken into solution by a solvent (water) in the liquid composition, and substantially improves and increases the contrast, gammaand stability of the final positive image. It whitens the highlights and increases the density of the shadows.
  • the lead acetate remarkably increases the con trast and gamma of the positive image produced in the image-receiving layer, although it is not completely understood how this effect is accomplished. There are certain observed conditions which would explain this improvement of the positive image, but the reason for the existence of these conditions is not readily ascertainable from a theoretical analysis of the various reactions.
  • the positive image formed in the presence of lead acetate has very much denser blacks than a positive image formed under exactly the same circumstances wherein lead acetate is not used. This intensification of blacks is believed to be caused by an increase in the amount and size of the silver grains forming the positive image. A remarkable increase in intensification is provided by the use of lead salts generally and lead acetate in particular. It is believed that the lead reaction with the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose changes the character of the film being formed to such an extent that the'silver formed therein is formed in larger grain sizes, whereby a greater density is achieved, and less scattering of light results.
  • lead acetate is used as the insolubilizing agent.
  • This lead salt seems to be particularly efficient for accomplishing the results mentioned above and is quite easily usable since it is soluble in water.
  • a preferred method of incorporating the lead acetate in the image-carrying layer I2 is as follows:
  • hydroxide which apparently dissolves the lead tartrate and: forms therewith insoluble compoundsmore slowly than the other elements of the. combination: thus the lead is in ionic conditionfor reaction with the other elements of the composition.
  • lea'dsalts such as lead nitrate, lead bromide lead chlorate, lead perchlorate, lead .citrate,;lead. isobutyrate, lead peroxydisulfate,'or lead dithionatemay be used inthe practice-of.-the present invention.
  • the lead salts may. be used singly or jointly; for example, excellent results have' been'obtained with an image-carryi inglayer firsttcoatedwith lead acetate'and'then with leadenitrate.
  • Someoithese .leadsalts areinsoluble in Water but solublein other substances. If those solvents are-not normally included in the liquid composition, they-areadded so that the'liquid composi tion will dissolve the lead salt. If it is undesirable to include-this solvent-in combination with the other-elements of the liquid composition for too long a time, a separate container is included ton-carry the solvent;
  • Zinc acetate 'frnay.. also be usedfor whitening:
  • aleadsalt out of contact with eitherthe photosensitivelayer orthe support layer.
  • the leadjsalt hasa coagulating effect. upon. some .,of the film-forming. materials used in'the present invention, it. is preferred in this embodiment of theinvention. to have the lead salt and a.solvent1thereforcontained in a separate container or.pod.. A means for. accom-,.
  • a. separate container. I?) may be placed immediately; adjacent the container l3 carrying .the liquid .composition.
  • thelead salt solution is re-. leasediand is spread,along with the liquidlcoma position, between-the photosensitive layer and.
  • Another;v though" less preferred, method of practicing; the present invention -.is to. have oer-r tainof thegmaterials'which are preferably included .in' the-liquid composition-placed elsewherein sthefilm units. For instance, it is;pos: sible to deposit thedeveloper andhypoin solid; form on the iInage-carryingz layer; In this.” a
  • the. container might have therein only water or' an aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • a This sheet can be placed between the photosensitive layer II and the image-carrying layer 12.
  • Thelayer l2 has thereon an insolubilizing agent such as lead acetate.
  • the container has only therein a solvent, such as water, for the various materials incorporated into the extruded sheet. When the water is spread in contact with this extruded sheet, it dissolves the sheet and the remainder of the process is the same as that discussed in connection with Fig. 1.
  • One advantage of this last-mentioned modification is that it eliminates the necessity for a liquid container and in this case the film unit may be processed by merely wetting it in a water bath until a sufficient amount of water has been absorbed by the film unit to give the desired concentrated solution of the reactive materials.
  • a photographic product comprising a photographic product comprising a photosensitive material which includes a silver halide layer, a base layer for receiving, by transfer, a positive print, and a rupturable containing means holding a liquid, said product having positioned therein photographic reagents including a silver halide developer, a silver halide solvent and a lead salt soluble in said liquid, said containing means and said layers being i so held together that said containing means is capable, upon rupture, of releasing at least part of its contents to permeate superposed portions of said photosensitive layer and said base layer, said liquid, upon release, rendering said silver halide developer and said silver halide solvent sensitive layer and to form soluble silver complexes with the undeveloped silver halide of said photosensitive layer and, additionally, providing a solution of the lead salt adjacent the surface of the print-receiving area of said base layer in which part at least of the soluble silver complex is reduced to silver to produce the positive print.
  • liquid is a dispersion of a film-forming organic colloid
  • lead salt is capable of reacting with said colloid to give a reaction product less sol-.
  • the containing means comprises a single elongated enclosure which contains all of said liquid, and an elongated dispensing lip which parallels said enclosure and is rupturable to provide a passage for said liquid.
  • the containing means comprises a pair of liquid-containing enclosures, each including a rupturable liquid-dispensing lip'zfor providing a passage therefrom to said image-receiving area, the liquid in one of said enclosures comprising a dispersion of the silver halide solvent and the silver halide developer, and the liquid in the other of said enclosures comprising a dispersion of the lead salt.
  • a photographic product comprising a photosensitive silver halide layer, a base layer, and a rupturable container holding a liquid, said layers and said container being attached together so as to permit said layers to be superposed with said container so positioned as to release its liquid for spreading in a film between said layers, the liquid in said container comprising a silver halide developer, a silver halide solvent and an organic film-forming colloid, said base layer having dispersed therein a lead salt soluble at least in part in said liquid.
  • aqueous solution includes hydroquinone, sodium thiosulfate and sodium hydroxide, and the lead salt is lead acetate.
  • a photographic product capable of forming transfer prints in conjunction with a photosensitive silver halide element, said product comprising a rupturable containing means holding a liquid and a sheet support upon which said containing means is mounted, said sheet support providing an image-receiving area adjacent said containing means onto.
  • taining means comprises a tsingleselongatediem closure V which containsz all of said" liquid, and an elong'ated dispensinglipr. which. parallelsi .said aenclosure and eissrupturahlez. tozprovide aipassage fors s'aid liquid.
  • thecontaining means comprises;a pairrofziliquideconeta-mine enclosures, .eacl'nincludlngcarupturable 'iliquid-jdispensing lip fxfor .zproividing 11a passage 7 ther'efrom to .-vsaid .:image-receiving' 1e'..area,-f.the: illiquid: in ones-(soft:saidziienclosures..z:comprising a ifd-ispersion:aofitheesilvernhalide; solvent' 'and', 'the silveriihalide sdeveloper, .:;and ?the :liquid :in -the : ⁇ :-'dther:.-:ofs:;said-.: enclosures :.comprising--:a 'dispersaid 'imagewise distribution' of said
  • image-receiving. area :. a'lead; :s'altsoluble .:in;said z;solution;zsairtisolutiongandcsaidrplead salt being z zsufiicient; in :ramonnt Lsoxth'at: therzspreadingeof :said;;liquid .-'Over:- sa;idaiarea1 provides. a; dispersion of.
  • .rsilverahalidegdeueloper ::.si1ver ::ha1ide;:- solvent film-forming colloid dissolved-therein issodium ezcar'boxymethyl --.cellulose, and: the sheet support :is 1 barytapaper.
  • the product of :claim ;'21"Wher8in' the aqueous solution 1 includes ehydroquinone, so

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
US662000A 1946-04-13 1946-04-13 Photographic silver transfer product and process, including a lead salt Expired - Lifetime US2584029A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE471336D BE471336A (en(2012)) 1946-04-13
US662000A US2584029A (en) 1946-04-13 1946-04-13 Photographic silver transfer product and process, including a lead salt
US727385A US2698245A (en) 1946-04-13 1947-02-08 Photographic product and process for making a positive transfer image
FR55253D FR55253E (fr) 1946-04-13 1947-02-17 Perfectionnements à la photographie
GB4647/47A GB703231A (en) 1946-04-13 1947-02-18 Improvements in or relating to photography
CH319602D CH319602A (fr) 1946-04-13 1947-02-19 Procédé pour former une image positive d'argent dans une couche-support à partir d'une couche photosensible dans laquelle se trouve une image négative latente
DEI2130A DE940505C (de) 1946-04-13 1950-09-24 Verfahren zur Behandlung lichtempfindlicher Schichten sowie Behandlungsmittel und Material hierfuer

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US662000A US2584029A (en) 1946-04-13 1946-04-13 Photographic silver transfer product and process, including a lead salt

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US2584029A true US2584029A (en) 1952-01-29

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US (1) US2584029A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE471336A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH319602A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE940505C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR55253E (en(2012))
GB (1) GB703231A (en(2012))

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2647055A (en) * 1946-11-06 1953-07-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process for forming a white image viewable against a dark background
US2874299A (en) * 1952-06-30 1959-02-17 Walter H Barkas Ionization recording capsules
US3030207A (en) * 1952-07-17 1962-04-17 Polaroid Corp Photographic processes
US3260605A (en) * 1962-01-05 1966-07-12 Eastman Kodak Co Method for preparing light-sensitive silver halide emulsions suitable for print-out recording materials

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2992102A (en) * 1955-03-29 1961-07-11 Polaroid Corp Photographic processes and products

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GB189912678A (en) * 1899-06-17 1899-07-22 Thomas Thorne Baker An Improved Method of Tinting Photographs.
GB190610051A (en) * 1906-04-30 1906-10-11 Oscar Hermann Steudel Improvements in Self-toning Silver Chloride Printing Papers for use in Photography.
GB190624667A (en(2012)) * 1906-11-03 1907-10-31 Thomas Bolas
GB190713835A (en) * 1907-06-14 1908-06-11 William Fraser Claughton Kelly Improvements in or relating to Printing Out Papers and Photographic Sensitive Surfaces for use in the Production of Positive Pictures.
US1610788A (en) * 1925-08-01 1926-12-14 Jelley Edwin Ernest Production of photographs on paper, parchment, and the like
GB328762A (en) * 1929-04-08 1930-05-08 Kodak Ltd Improvements in or relating to photographic films or plates
GB372637A (en) * 1930-08-07 1932-05-12 Kodak Ltd Improvements relating to sensitive colour-changing coatings
US1916350A (en) * 1930-08-14 1933-07-04 Agfa Ansco Corp Manufacture of color-pictures
US1963707A (en) * 1932-02-02 1934-06-19 Anton Jasmatxi Toning process, particularly for toning the red color component image for multicolorphotography
GB413853A (en) * 1932-06-02 1934-07-26 Kodak Ltd Improvements in sensitive layers for photographic printing processes
US2091689A (en) * 1935-04-02 1937-08-31 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic hardening developer
US2217189A (en) * 1938-12-05 1940-10-08 Kalle & Co Ag Process of preparing photographic prints
US2224654A (en) * 1938-12-01 1940-12-10 Louis S Sanders Media, process for the representation of figures, designs, drawings, etc., thereon and method of making said media
US2224269A (en) * 1937-12-04 1940-12-10 Louis S Sanders Drawing and method of and medium for making the same
FR879995A (fr) * 1941-01-24 1943-03-10 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Procédé pour la constitution d'images photographiques positives
US2322005A (en) * 1939-12-29 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic bleach-out layer
US2322006A (en) * 1939-12-29 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic filter and antihalation layer
US2322027A (en) * 1940-02-24 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Color photography
US2352014A (en) * 1941-07-21 1944-06-20 Rott Andre Photomechanical printing process and printing material for carrying out the same
US2355884A (en) * 1942-08-15 1944-08-15 Louis S Sanders Medium for use in making camera copy and method of preparing same

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BE441852A (en(2012)) * 1939-11-02

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GB391790A (en(2012)) *
US312954A (en) * 1885-02-24 And everett eaedon
GB189912678A (en) * 1899-06-17 1899-07-22 Thomas Thorne Baker An Improved Method of Tinting Photographs.
GB190610051A (en) * 1906-04-30 1906-10-11 Oscar Hermann Steudel Improvements in Self-toning Silver Chloride Printing Papers for use in Photography.
GB190624667A (en(2012)) * 1906-11-03 1907-10-31 Thomas Bolas
GB190713835A (en) * 1907-06-14 1908-06-11 William Fraser Claughton Kelly Improvements in or relating to Printing Out Papers and Photographic Sensitive Surfaces for use in the Production of Positive Pictures.
US1610788A (en) * 1925-08-01 1926-12-14 Jelley Edwin Ernest Production of photographs on paper, parchment, and the like
GB328762A (en) * 1929-04-08 1930-05-08 Kodak Ltd Improvements in or relating to photographic films or plates
GB372637A (en) * 1930-08-07 1932-05-12 Kodak Ltd Improvements relating to sensitive colour-changing coatings
US1916350A (en) * 1930-08-14 1933-07-04 Agfa Ansco Corp Manufacture of color-pictures
US1963707A (en) * 1932-02-02 1934-06-19 Anton Jasmatxi Toning process, particularly for toning the red color component image for multicolorphotography
GB413853A (en) * 1932-06-02 1934-07-26 Kodak Ltd Improvements in sensitive layers for photographic printing processes
US2091689A (en) * 1935-04-02 1937-08-31 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic hardening developer
US2224269A (en) * 1937-12-04 1940-12-10 Louis S Sanders Drawing and method of and medium for making the same
US2224654A (en) * 1938-12-01 1940-12-10 Louis S Sanders Media, process for the representation of figures, designs, drawings, etc., thereon and method of making said media
US2217189A (en) * 1938-12-05 1940-10-08 Kalle & Co Ag Process of preparing photographic prints
US2322005A (en) * 1939-12-29 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic bleach-out layer
US2322006A (en) * 1939-12-29 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic filter and antihalation layer
US2322027A (en) * 1940-02-24 1943-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Color photography
FR879995A (fr) * 1941-01-24 1943-03-10 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Procédé pour la constitution d'images photographiques positives
US2352014A (en) * 1941-07-21 1944-06-20 Rott Andre Photomechanical printing process and printing material for carrying out the same
US2355884A (en) * 1942-08-15 1944-08-15 Louis S Sanders Medium for use in making camera copy and method of preparing same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2647055A (en) * 1946-11-06 1953-07-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process for forming a white image viewable against a dark background
US2874299A (en) * 1952-06-30 1959-02-17 Walter H Barkas Ionization recording capsules
US3030207A (en) * 1952-07-17 1962-04-17 Polaroid Corp Photographic processes
US3260605A (en) * 1962-01-05 1966-07-12 Eastman Kodak Co Method for preparing light-sensitive silver halide emulsions suitable for print-out recording materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE471336A (en(2012))
DE940505C (de) 1956-03-22
CH319602A (fr) 1957-02-28
FR55253E (fr) 1952-01-02
GB703231A (en) 1954-02-03

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