US2576781A - Dispensing machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 21, 1951 V A, R, URIQ 2,576,781

DISPENSING MACHINE Filed Jan. 23, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN R I. 3 flldo 1?. fur/011i BY 71 170 R N E Y Nov. 27, 1951 A. R. CURIONI DISPENSING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 23, 1946 fur/0111' ATTO RNEY Nov. 27, 1951 A. R. CURIONI 1 v nxspsnsmc mourns Filed Jam. 23; 1946 s Sheets-Sheet s Ai""IIIHIIIlllllllmlllllflllllll lllllnuw I III INVENTOR HTTO Patented Nov. 27, 1951 OF -ICE;

DISPENSING MACHINE Aldo R. -Curioni, New York; N. Y., ,assignor to Sarionl vompanyglna, New YorlnN. Y., a corporat icn orNewYoi-k Appllcationelanuary' 23, 1946*, Serial No. 642,970

The present invention relates to means .for aligning and dispensing 1 definite portions of fragile, slender articles such as macaroni or spaghetti.

Macaroni and. spaghetti are generally sold. to housewives in cardboard cartons or packages containing approximately onepound .of the spaghetti or macaroni. The packaging of these particular foods is an item. of considerableexpense for the long thin sticks must first be aligned so that their axes are all substantially parallel with each other and thereafter the slender sticks orlrods must be placed on weighing scales to form portions or the particular desired weight. Performing these operations manually is. tedious; expensive, and objectionablefor sanitary reasons. The utilization of machinery for grouping the sticks into portions of desired quantity presentsthe d'ilficul'ty of aligning the sticks and grouping them into portions without excessive breakage. The mac aroni and spaghetti sticks arequite fragile or brittleand snapinto pieces roughly handled; housewives object strongly to purchasing packages of macaroni or spaghetti and'lindin'g the sticks broken into short pieces upon opening or the packages.

The. present invention aims to minimize or overcome the above and other difficulties and'to provide a machine for. automaticallyaligning and. dispensing desired quantities of macaronror spaghetti. in readiness for packaging.

An objector the present invention. is to provide a means-and. construction adapted to automaticallyldispense'. bundles of macaroni or spaghetti ready for packaging.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for automatically aligninglslender articles such as macaroni.

Another objectof the invention is to provide a new and. improved means. adaptedlto automaticallyweigh out desired portionsof. macaroni.

Still another object of. the inventionis toprovide a means or construction adaptedtto facilitate and maintain alignment of spaghetti. and

macaroni during; its movement through said means or construction.

Astill further object of the invention is to provide means adapted .to intermittently delay-the flow oi macaroni or spaghetti throughadispens, ing machine duringintervals when the machine is dispensing a predetermined portion-thereon Other and further objects of theinvention will be: obvious upon an. understandingof the illustrative embodiment-about to be described, ortwill 2 advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment or the inven tion in practice.

A preferred embodiment of the in've'ntio'nhas been chosen for purposes of illustration and description and is shown in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, whereinf Fig. l is an elevational view showing one end of the present machine;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View of the present machine;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional View showing means for movably supporting a part of the machine.

In the ensuingdescnption of the present machine and operation the terms macaroniand spaghetti will be frequently used. The use of the machine is not limited specifically to spaghetti or macaroni but these two terms are used for illustrative purposes; the machine is equally adaptable to aligning and dispensing foodproducts such as vermicelli or other articles not" util= ized for food, such as slender lengths of glass tub ing or the like;

Described-generally, the present invention provides a machine adapted to receive slender sticks of spaghetti or macaroni and bring them into alignment so that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other; to transfer the sticks of macaroni in aligned relationship to a' hopper'or receptacle, and to effect removal of definitelpredetermined quantities of the spaghetti or macaroni from the hopper or receptacle;

Referring again to the drawings and more partlc'ularly to Figs.2 and 3 thereof, the machine of the present invention is illustrated supported on legs I which are mounted on a suitable base" or platform 2. Most of the operating parts of the present invention are carried by or between two spaced right hand and left hand side members or plates 4 and 5, the side plates being secured by bolts 1 or other appropriate meansto the upper parts of the supporting legs I, andbeing maintained spaced relationship by studs or rods 8.

An initial requirement in preparing the spa-v ghetti or macaroni in accordance with the present invention is to bring the slender lengths of material, as received from drying racks, into aligned relationship. This aligning process is commencedby the downwardly inclined members or surfaces 10 and H which form togetherwith beundicated inthe appended claims. and various theside walls or plates 4 and 5, a hopper or to the shaft 80 by a nut and bolt 83;

arrests fiuence of the cross shaft 34 throughthe lntermediation or lever connecting rod ligand lever 16. The last three-mentioned parts are shown more clearly in Zptthe draWings Rapidly jiggling or vibrating-of the conveyor belt 31 by the shoe lfl ten ds to shaketheslender sticks of macaroni or spaghetti down into an evenlydisposed layers orlayers as thefibelt and macaroni pass over the'surfaceof the-shoe 10.

' To still further facilitate distribution and passage of the slender sticks ofmacaroni or spaghetti in substantially contiguous relationship and uniform layer orlayers alongthefbelt and through themachine. there is utilized an oscillating barrier "or gate 'lewhich moves rapidly up and down withrespect to the moving belt 37. The gateis is-shown in Fig; '3,-located above the conveyor belt and beyond the shoe it, being carried'by spaced arms ill of a sleeve 11- xnounted on the shaft all. An oscillating or rocking motion is imparted to the shaft Bill-Fig. 2) and gate 10 by the cross shaft 34 through intermediation of lever 14, connecting rod "15, lever 16, connecting rod" 8!, and lever arm 82 clamped It is preferred that a torsion s ring 84 be used to urge the arm I9 and gate 78 into downwardposi' tion; the various actuating levers and shafts impose their lifting action in opposition to the effect of' the spring 84, Movement of. the gate 18 rapidly up and down to open and close the passage through which'the material passes as it moves along with the conveyor belt 31 tends to smooth out irregularities which may occur in the distribution of the material along the belt and to separate pieces of spaghetti which may have become accidentally stuck together during previous manufacturing operations.

In certain instances, for eiiamplein utilizing a machine in connection with packaging slender articles of different diameters such as spaghetti, macaroni or vermicelli, it is desirable to change the amplitude of the oscillation ofthe gate member 18. Fig. 2 illustrates a means for-accomplishing this. A screw member or bolt 86 threaded into a nut or clamp 01 bolted to the side member 4 of" the machine is provided with spaced lugs or projections BB adapted to receive between them one end 89 of a pivoted bell-crank 9i The other end 92 of the bellcrank 9| isconnected with one endofa rod 94,the other end of this rod 94-being connected adjacent one end of the connecting rod 8| that moves the "gate member 18 through the lever arm 02 and shaft 80. The connecting rod 8| moves to and from indicated generally by the arrow thereon. i

Screwing the bolt86 in orout of a nut 811s effective to shift the position of the spaced lugs 08 and the end 89 oibell crank9l thu-srotating the bell crank about its pivot. This causes-upward'and downward-movement of the end 920i the bell crank 9| and the connectinglink 94 and thus shifts the position of the end of therod'tl which actuates the shaft 80 and gate member Hi When the contact point between the-end of the connecting rod 8i and the lever arm 82 is adjacent theouter or free end of the lever arm a small motion of the oscillating gateimember 78 will be obtained and when the contact point is close to the inner end of lever arm 82 the gate 18 will be moved to a greaterdegree. This difference in motion is obtained by virtue. of the fact that even though the amplitude of move-- ment ofthe connecting rod 8i remainssubstantial-ly-constant, the length of the lever arm.

6 through -which this motion-istransmitted.to the shaft 80- is changed to vary the movement of the gate 18'.

The combination: of natural gravity new of spaghetti-ormacaroni through the opening 13. movementbeneath-th'e adjustable gate 40-, over vibrating shoe 10 and past the oscillating gate le -is effective to spread the slender and fragile sticks evenly alongthe belt and to provideeve'n flow and delivery of the material by 'the'belt. The agitating or i shaking and smoothing of the various parts is sufilcient to facilitate even "distribution and smooth fiow= of- 'material yet it is not so -'1foughas to cause objectionable breakage of the slender and fragile sticks of material. v

As the sphaghetti leaves the end ofthe belt 31 it is caughtby ashelf ortray -95 interposed Joetween the'belt 37 and a receptacle or hopper adapted to receivethe spaghetti sticks. The shelf ortray1ike structure Sliminimizes the possibility of macaroni stick-s twisting about upon leaving the belt 31 and falling with theiraxes vertically disposed; it maintains theiraxessubstantially parallel. The shelf '95also minimizes breakage of the fragile material as it passes from the conveyor to the hopper85. The shelf is shown securedto a shaft which preferablyoscillates so as tomove the shelf 95 up and down as indicated by the arrowthereon The shaft 91 which carries this shelf is caused to oscillate or rock about its axis by picking up movement from the same lever armfls which. vibrates the shoe I0; connecting rod 98 transfers motion fromelever arm 16 to leverarm. 100, which is clamped to the shaft 51 byanut and bolt 10! (Fig. 2). The rocking motion of this shelf. orutrayn95 reduces the possibility .of sticks of material accidentally piling up similarly to amass: oflogs in a log jamb. The sticks drop off thetend of theconveyor 31 intothe rocking shelf. 95, roll along the moving shelf, and drop .oiT the edge thereof onto aninclined chute I03, roll down the chute. past thegate I04; which willbe openias indicatedby the dotted lines; andiintouthe elongated receptacle 85.

It should. be. noted. (Fig; 3) that when the stream of macaroni is flowinginto the receptacle 8.5 the door I l 9 .and the intermediate stop member lllluarei in the. positions indicated. by dotted lines. That is. the intermediate stop. I04 is open and the receptacle. door I!!! is closed... These two parts and. their features will be hereinafter described.

The elongatedreceptacle or hopper 85 iscarried on an arm or. postrl05.;which.is. connected to ascale .106. for: weighing the contents of the hopper, The. weighing scale is. of conventional commercially available type and the constructional and operational details thereofwill not beldescribed. herein. When a i definite. predetermined. quantity of macaroni. .or .sphaghetti. has been received in :the elongated hopper 85 it is. desirable thatthe .hopper be emptied and pre+ pared :to receive anadditional quantitytof-material- This. feature is achieved; as follows Cone nected. with thesame. post. or arm. I 05. which, car-1 ries the hoppenxBiand. actuated by movement-of the hopper and .this, post, is. a bar or lever 10]. supported on a fulcrum I08 intermediate the ends thereof. The free endof the lever I0] is provided with an electricalncontact 09 adapted to touch another electrical contact H 0 carried by an arm Ill, both of the contact points. being connected with. an electrical circuit indicated. by the wires H3. and. H14. When thecontactpoints aavavsn I09 and' IIll-are-together; due itothe entryof sufficientweight 30f macaroni into the elongated.

receptacle 85, an electrical circuit is closed and current flows through the circuit. The wires H3 and H4 are joined to connections of a solenoid H8 whichactuates amechanism for cons-V trolling the opening and closing of a hopper door H3 and the intermediate gate I04. 'When the contacts I09 and H arehclosed and the circuit energized a link or rod I20 is moved by the core of the solenoid to operate the gate I 04 and door H9 controlling mechanismshown at the left of Fig. 3.;When the circuit is energized current flows through the coils of the solenoid H8 and the rod; I 20is moved upwardly approximately one inch. The component parts of the electrical circuit and its hook-up'are of conventionaltype and willnotbe described in detail herein. The lower end of thelink I20 is secured by a pin I2I to a cam I22 and-upward movement of the link I20 rotates the operating cam I22 and sleeve I23 about shaft I25 inclockwise direction, in opposition to torsion springs I26 which tend to maintain the cam I22 and link I23 in down-. ward position. The use of the torsion springs I25 is optional as will be shown from later descriptions. Riding against and actuated by the cam surfaces are a pin I21 connected to means for operating theintermediate gate I04, and a roller I28 connected with means for operating the door H0 of the hopper 85.

Whenthe solenoid link. I20 is located in its downward position the cam I22 is so positioned thatthe pin I21 carried by the extension I29 of the pivoted intermediate gate member I04 is in contact with the surface of the cam. A spring I30 secured to the extension of the pivoted intermediate gate I04 and to the framework of the machine pullsthe pin I21 firmly against the cam surface;.with the solenoid link in its down-v ward position the cam surface is effective to hold the pin I21 and gate extension I29 to the right in opposition to the'tension of the spring I30. and to thus maintain the opposite gate portion I04 in open position so that sticks of macaroni or spaghettimay pass from the inclined chute I03 into receptacle 85. When the solenoid link I20 is moved upwardly the cam I22 is rotated in a clockwise direction and the spring I30 pulls the extension I29 of the gate I04 against the retreating surface of the cam. The surface of the cam is so designed so that it eventually moves out of contact with the pin I21 and the spring I30, tending to rotate the intermediate member about the shaft I3I in a counter-clockwise direction, causes the lower end of the gate to abut against the lower edge of the inclined chute I03; this stops the flow of material along the chute and into the hopper.

When the solenoid link I20 is in its lowermost position the intermediate gate I04 is open and the cam roller I28 is in contact with a high point or area of the cam I22. In this relationship the lever I33, link I34 and lever I35 are in their lowermost or closed position'as indicated by the dotted positions of Fig. 3. At such time the free end of the lever I35 is out of contact; with the extension I31of the hopper door H9 and the door H9 which is carried by the arm I38 secured to pivots I39, is closed due to the effect of gravity. As the cam I22 rotates in a clockwise di-- rection the roller I28 rides along the high surface of the cam until it reaches the cutaway portion thereof and then moves radially inwardly toward the center of the'cam. Spiral torsion springs I40 extending" about thesleeve-I4I and shaft I42 and; secured to the lever I33 and framework of the machine cause the roller to press firmly against the cam and hence move inwardly along the cutaway surface of the cam. Movement of the roller I28,along thecutaway surface of the cam lifts the end of lever I33, the link I34 and'lever'I35 upwardly, the free end of the lever I35 moving into contact with the extension I31 of the pivoted hopper door I I9 to thereby lift the door and allow marcaroni to roll out of the hopper into a pan: or tray I43. The macaroni may be removed manually from the pan and packaged or placed'on a conveyor.' The pan I43 is intended to illustrate generally means for receiving measured portions of aligned macaroni or spaghetti; in actualpractice the measured portions are pref erably guided directly into waitin boxes or other containers which are automatically moved beneath and away from the receptacle and any appropriate chute. i

It should be noted that the cam I22 and the members operatively connecting the cam with the hopper door H9 and intermediate gate I04 are so constructed'that the gate I04 is closed prior to opening of the hopper door H9, and that the hopper door H9 is closed prior to opening of the intermediate gate I04; thelcam I22 aotuates the door and intermediate gate in timed relation with respect to each other. This is important; for the conveyor belt 31 and large hopper I2 are continually operating to align and transfer sticks of material tothe inclined chute I03. In the event the fiow'of material from the belt 31 and rocking tray continued uninterruptedly during intervals when the hopper 85 was being emptied it would be difficult or impossible to accurately dispense correct'weights of material in each instance for packaging.

The operation of the mechanism for controlling the gate I04 and door H9 may be tested manually, orthe mechanism may be operated manually in emergencies by providing a manual-. ly operablehandle or lever I45 pivoted at. I46 intermediate its ends to the frame of the machine and at its free end I41 to the' solenoid link I20. Movement of the handle up and down lifts or lowersthe solenoid link I20. and thus actuates the controlling mechanisms. A spring I48 may be utilized to urge the manual lever and solenoid link into downward position.

- To put themachine into action the driving motor (not shown) is first started. When the -motor has been started and. the drive chain or belt I4 is revolving to rotate the sprocket and operatethe machine, long slender sticks of fraginto the, large hopper I2 located at the upper.

part of the machine. The oscillatory or shaking motion of the downwardly inclined surface II vi brates or shakes the macaroni so that it gradually becomes transversely disposed and moves downytoward the bottom of the hopper I2 to emerge from the opening I3 at the lower part thereof. The aligned slender sticks .are then picked up by the moving conveyor belt 31 and carried beneath theend of the adjustable gate I0, the gate tending to control the flow of ad-' mission of, the sticks out of the exit I3 and along with the conveyor belt 31. Adjacent to the lower end of the gate I0 the belt 31 passes over 2, vibrating or agitating shoe 10 which shakes the belt to form sticks of material into a substan-- tiallyluniform layer or layers. The macaroni is carried along .by. themoving conveyor belt and slightly isiaccumulated in the "hopper.

reaches the oscillating, gate the action of which'is tofurtheriron out or smooth irregularitios that may occur in the distribution of the "macaroni alongthe belt 31 and to separate sticks ,0! material which may i be adhered together.

From the conveyor belt the sticks of material pass onto a rocking plate or shelf 05, the shelf maintaining the parallelism of macaroni and minimizing breakage thereof by allowing the sticks to rolled the end of the shelf onto a downsticks of macaroni continue to accumulate therein until a predetermined weight sufficient to move the armor post l05of the scale I06 downwardly As the hopper and post move downwardly a lever arm I01 mounted on a fulcrum I08 closes electrical contacts I09 and I I and energizes the circuit of a solenoid I I8 that .actuates the mechanismslfor controlling movements of the intermediate gate I04 and hopper door I I9. Whenthe electrical circuit is energized a solenoid link or rod I20 moves upwardly to rotate an operating cam I22 in clockwise direction. This clockwise rotation of the cam I22 first effects closing of the gate I04 against the lower end of the inclined chute I03, thereby cutting off the flow of macaroni entering the hopper 85, and immediately thereafter opens the door I I9 of the elongated hopper. The aligned sticks. of macaroni flow out of the hope per into a collecting chute and receiving means "such as tray I43 or thepackage itself. Asthe.

emptied hopper 85 returns to the upper position the'clectricalcontacts I09 and H0 are opened and the electrical circuit and the coils of the solenoid I I8 are de-energized. De-energizing the circuit allows the solenoid link I20 to move downwardly under the influence of the springs I26 and I48 secured to the sleeve I23 and handle I45, respectively. The normalinfluence of these springs is to urge the solenoid link I20 downwardly in opposition to the magnetic influence of the solenoid coils. Rotation of the cam in a counter-clockwise direction first causes closing of the hopper door II9 and'immediat ly thereafter effects opening of the intermediate gate I04, allowing the macaroni sticks to again flow into the hopper 85. The operation of the machine is continuous and as long as spaghetti or macaroni is fed into the large open hopper I2 there will be portions of definite quantity issuing from the delivery end of the machine. The large hopper I2 and various transfer mechanisms line up; the spaghetti and maintain the alignment thereof during movement through the machine; the combination of smaller elongated hopper 85 andscale mechanisms receive the aligned maca- "roni 'and dispense it in predetermined portions.

Tl'ie'mechanismscooperateto deliver desired pertions of spaghetti or macaroni ready for packaging.

It will be seen that the present invention provides a machine for aligning and dispensing definite predetermined portions of slender fragile, rod-like material such as spaghetti or macaroni. The machine is automatic and rapid in operation and eliminates numerous steps that are extreme- 1y tedious and which increase packaging costs when performed manually. The elimination of numerous manual operations is most desirable for sanitary reasons. The aligning and dispensing is achieved with a minimum amount of breakage. Numerous parts may-be constructed from light, strong metal such as aluminum, which makes for a strong and light weight machine. The machine is sturdy in construction and well able to withstand any rough usage to which it may be subjected.

As various changes may be made in the form construction and arrangement of the parts herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without sacrificing any of its advantages, it is to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim: '1. In a machine of the class described adapted to provide a substantially uniform stream of material, the combination of a hopper including an oscillatable bottom wall and an end wall movable toward and away from said bottom wall, said walls being normally spaced apart to provide a discharge opening, leg members supporting said bottom wall at spaced locations, means supporting said leg members at locations spacedfrom said bottom wall, means for movin said leg members to and fro to thereby oscillate said bottom wall and move material toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below said discharge opening for transferring from the discharge opening material delivered therethrough, a guide member below said transferring means for guiding material toward a receiving compartment, and, an oscillatable member having a portion extending beneath said transferring means and abovesad guide member forreceivin material fromthe transferring means and lowering it toward the guide member.

2. Inamachine of the class described adapted to, provide a substantially uniform stream of material, the combination of a hopper including an oscillatable bottom wall and an end wall movable toward and away from said bottom wall, said walls being normally spaced apart to provide a discharge opening, leg members supportingsaid bottom wall at spaced locations, means supporting said leg members at locations spaced from said bottom wall, means for moving said leg members to and fro to thereby oscillate said bottom wall and move material toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below said discharge openin for transferring from the discharge opening material delivered therethrough, a guide member below said transferring means for guiding materal toward a receiving compartment, an oscillatable member, having a portion extending beneath said transferrin means and above said guide member for receiving material from the transferring means and lowering it toward the guide member, and means operatively interconnecting said oscillatable member with the leg member moving means for actuating the latter withthe former.

3. Ina machine of theclassdescribedadapted to provide a substantially uniform stream of material, the combinat on of a hopper including an oscillatable bottom wall and an end wall movable toward and away from said bottom wall, said walls being normally spaced apart to provide a discharge opening, leg members supporting said bottom wall at spaced locations, means supporting said leg members at locations spaced from said bottom wall, means for moving said leg members to and fro to thereby oscillate said bottom wall and move material toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below a said discharge opening for transferring from the and an oscillatable member having a portion extending beneath said transferring means and above said guide member for receiving material from the transferring means and lowering it toward the guide member.

4. A machine as claimed in claim 3, in which means is provided for selectively varying the ,amountof movement of the member which reciprocates toward and away from the transferring means.

5. In a machineof the class described adapted I to provide a substantially uniform stream of material, the combination of a hopper'including an .oscillatable bottom wall and an end wall movable toward and away from said bottom wall, said walls being normally spaced apart to provide a discharge pening, leg members supporting said bottom. wall at spaced locations, means support- 'ing said leg members at locations spaced from .said bottom wall, means for moving said leg members to and fro to thereby oscillate "said 'bottom wall and move material. toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below said discharge opening fortransferring from the discharge opening material delivered therethrough, means adiacent said dis charge opening for agitating said transferring means to smooth out materials thereon, a guide member below said transferring means for guid- ,ing material toward a receiving compartment,

and an oscillatable member having a portion extending, beneath said transferring means and abovefsaid guide member for receiving material from the transferring means and lowering it to- Ward the guide member. b

. 6. Amachine as claimed in claim 1, in which said transferring means, is upwardly inclined from a location adjacent said discharge opening to a location adjacent said oscillatable member.

means supporting said leg members at locations spaced from said bottom wall, means for moving I said legmembers to and fro to thereby oscillate said bottom wall and move material toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below said discharge opening for transferring from the discharge opening material delivered therethrough, a guide member below said transferring means for guiding material toward A a receiving compartment, an oscillatable member having a portion extending beneath said transferring means and above said guide member for receiving material from the transferring means and lowering it towardthe guide member, and means for intermittently blocking andreleasing material moving along said guide member.

8. In a machine of the class described adapted to provide a substantially uniform stream of material, the combination of a hopper including anoscillatable bottom wall and an end wall movable toward and away from said bottom wall,

' said walls being normally spaced apartto provide a discharge opening,leg members supporting said bottom wall at spaced locations, means supporting said leg members at'locations spaced from said bottom wall, means for moving said leg members to and fro to thereby oscillate said bottom wall and move material toward and through said discharge opening, transferring means below said discharge opening for transferring from thedischarge opening material delivered therethrough, a guidemember below said transferring means for guiding material toward a receiving compartment, an oscillatablemember having a portion extending beneathsaid transferringmeans and above said guide member for receiving material from the transferring means and lowering it toward the guide member, means for intermittently blocking a stream of material moving along said guide member a receiving compartment below said guide member for catching said streamgof material when not-blocked, and means for opening the receiving compartment material is blocked. ALDO R. CURIONI.

REFERENCES CITED I The following references are of record in the file of this patent: l

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 11,503 Wood July 9, 1895 ,Re. 21,015 Dilger et al Feb. 28, 1939 593,532 Campbell Nov; 9, 1897 1,141,861 Bausman June 1, 1915 1,281,667 Sargent Oct. 15, 1918 1,300,441 Marsa Apr. 15, 1919 1,551,818 Garnsey Sept. 1, 1925 1,588,904 Parker June 15 1926 1,908,771 Lied May 16, 1933 2,100,874 Ryan et al Nov. 30, 1937 2,139,903 7 Mason et al Dec. 13,1938 2,226,236 Bleam Dec. 24, 1940 2,348,372 Weckerly May 9,1944

FOREIGN PATENTS, Number Country Date r 489,264 Germany Dec. 10,1927 664,175

Germany Aug. 22,1938

when the stream of

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