US2575941A

US2575941A - Insulating covering

Info

Publication number: US2575941A
Application number: US764518A
Authority: US
Inventors: Brunnzell Fridolf Henning
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1945-03-16
Filing date: 1947-07-29
Publication date: 1951-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1968-11-20

Description

N v. 20, 1951 F. H. BRUNNZELL INSULATING COVERING '2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed July 29, 1947 III III. II lllll 7 I""""""'la"",l""p"l" 7 Patented Nov. 20, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE} Application July 29', 1947, Serial No. 764,518' In Sw'edcnMarch 16, 1 945 S'ection I, Public Law 690', August 8, 1946 Patent expires March 16, 1965 10 Claims: 1

This invention relates tc-ihsulating coverings, more particularlyheat-insulating jacket's of theki nd'in which a -layer 0'1 a material ossessing good insulatingproperties; or low heat co'nduch ing properties, preferably 'a porous; and-usually a fibrou material such asglass wool or 'thelike, is covered over with a protective covering. *Asis well known; insulating jackets of this kind are employed for cisterns; boilers, steam accumulators; pipelines and the like, thermo-t'echnical and chemico technfcal apparatus-and equipment; "In" cases where it is permissible after taking into account the necessary" resistance capacity to atmospheric, chemical and other-influences, therehas been a constantlyincreasing tendency in recent times to construct the-protective jacket of metal late; such ens-copper, aluminium, etc; since a construction-of kind has "been found to give-favourable results both from thepoint of view of assembly andmaintenancer Thin fibreplates have also found an extensive use:

One object of the invention ist'o'" provide aninsulatingcover of this kind that is easyto' manufacture ancfto attach to' the wall to be insulated Another object of the invention is to decreasetheheat'losses dueto-the heat'conducto'rs formed by the-means for attaching theinsulating cover to the -wall to be 'insiilated.

The -invention will" lie-more particularly de-=- scribed herewith with reference'tdthe accompanying drawings wh-i'cl'r show someforms of constructioma'ccordihg tothe invention by"'way"of example:

Fig, is -adiagrammatic view "of an insulating? mat-knownmerse=- whic'h l's provided withfixing q devicesinaccordancewiththeinvention:"

Fig; zris a diagrammatic section along. the line a wall for a cylindrical container" provided with a. jacket in" accordance with the invention;

Rig: 6 is a diagrammatic QIQ'SSSBCfibII' of: the part" shown in Fig: 4 with units of asomewhat different construction:

FiguresT li-B are" not drawirito" scale' rorthe' sake of clearrress and".fortheirsame only. theouter" plates and their finingmembers are shown. but not: the; 13ye1 0fil'lsl11altlllg material.

iii accordance Wit'li anotherfo'rrnofconsti'uctibn.

be dispensed with. This'is not to Fig.8 is'a detail View similar to Fig.-7 of in accordance with-still anothenform of cons-t n tion.

Fig; 9 shows" part of a container fitted with? 3': heat insulating' jacket built up frofrl accordance with the invention.

Fig; 10 showsa specially-favourable fofiiiof' construction for the attachrhiitof a hiring nienr her to the protective plate of a; unit. V

Fig. 11 shows a further impr'flverfie'rit' of the arrangement according to Fig. 10 which is' at he same" time intended toserve for fi Xi-i'ig' the insii' l'atin'g mat toiherotective plate; v

Fig. l2' 'shows a section through a init having a fixing device accordance withflifigi 1 1.

If" the protective platcoiisists ofgalvaiiisedfl plate; black-oxidised platedr other rfietal plate, an insulating mat' imaecord rroe with-Fig and 2 may suitably be used which consists form known per se, of a glass" woollayer; issewn fast-by'means-of'thifi wire"3 toa; ioiin' tion of metalWi're netting l. Between the glass wool layer and the netting 4'- s'maill strip'st afe ihsertedi To" facilitate welding;- these' str p'safej preferably or the samematerialas c eerees 4 protective plate; As may be seen from; Fi'g'. the mat prepared" in" this inann'ris laid: off" th protective plaifie 6 with the Wire Ilttihg' l' tuinb 7 towards" the" latter, whereupon the'fsjtri-iis "5" connected to'th'e protective ilate Why a ham cf of Spot welding oints 1.

It is also possible to attach the wi'rejnettingf 4 directly to the protectivepla'te by welding solderin by which mean the'fixing striris 5 e rec mended however, as the wire nettingis shall weaklthat' there is a risk of its tangturnt a y s'o" that' no reliable connection isobtained. Fur? tfierniore, in the case OfiSD'OliYWldihg Whlbhdsa particularly suitable for the work in question, it: is difiicult to determine whether-a point fiasihee'ri found" with the electrode at which contact isactually established with the-material ofthe net} ting. The straight strips employed accordingpjto the inventionareeasyto findhowever,- particulat-1y when=the strip proiects slightly atthe sides which is therefore recommended and- -ismo re;-" over indicated in Figs. 1 and-3, In this case it ie only necessary tofollow the course of= I the" sti ip with the electrodes of the strip around the edge of the protective plate. By this means it is possible to employ the construction described for an insulating mat which is attached to the protective plate by means of the said fixing strips even in cases Where the protective plate does not consist of a metal plate but of some other material, such as fibre plates for example.

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the method of procedure when mounting a heat-insulating jacket on a cylindrical container, employing units in accordance with the invention. The wall of the container is indicated at 8. As shown in Fig. 4, a start is made with one unit which in accordance with the invention consists of a protective plate 91 of sheet metal with an insulating layer of glass wool placed on the latter.

ness. bers I01 are attached, each of which consists of an insulating intermediate partto each end of which a sheet metal strip bent at an angle is securely riveted. The intermediate part consists preferably of a material such as asbestos cement, synthetic resin, pressboard or the like while the two end members may be of a material which is suitable for fixing to the protective plate and the wall to be insulated respectively. The fixing members are attached at one end to the protective plate by spot welding and are located close to two opposite edges 91; and 912 of the plate, the said edges lying at right angles to the surface of the .drawing, and two fixing members may suitably be placed at each edge. The fixing members are attached at the other end by spot welding to the wall 8 sothat the first unit is firmly fixed to the wall, the glass wool layer thus being enclosed between the walland the protective plate. For the second unit, one is selected as shown in Fig. 5, the protective plate 92 of which is preferably provided with two fixing members I02 at the one edge 922 only. The second unit is placed beside the first in such a manner that the edge 921 of this protective plate 92 opposite to the edge 922, will lie parallel with theedge 9 12 on the first units protective plate. 91 and will project under the latter edge with a certain margin. .The fixing member lllz is thereupon. attached to the container Wall by spot welding.

The third unit with its protective plate 93 is K fixed beside the second unit in a manner entirely similar to that employed for fixing the second unit beside the first. In the same way a row of units is built up to form a belt round the container, until only one single unit remains to close the belt;

[Each of theunits is'held fast on one side by the fixing members, and on the other side by the projecting edge of the preceding unit's protective plate against which it is pressed by the,

elasticity of the glass wool layer.

The thickness of the glass wool layer and the length of the fixing member are adapted to one another with a view to the foregoing requirement.

' As may be'seen from Fig. 4, the last remaining unit has no fixing member. It is attached solely by pushing the two

edges

911 and 911 of the prot'ective plate an under the edge 9(n-1)z of the penultimate unitsprotective plate 9 (n1) and the edgeSu of the first protective plate 91. Here also the pressure of the elastic insulating ma- This glass wool Iayer is not shown in Figs. 4-6 for the sake of clear- To the protective plate 91 the fixing memterial is employed to hold the unit in its position.

jfiAlongsid'e the finished belt a second belt is fixed in the same manner, and subsequently a members are preferably attachedtothe units in third belt, etc. In this respect the belts may either. be made to abut against one another or overlap one another with a certain margin.

According to one very favourable feature of the invention the edges of the 'units protective plates which are intended to overlap one another are bent downwards or upwards in such a way that a raised edge always engages underneath a bent-down edge whereby the connection between the units in the finished insulating jacket isconsiderably improved. This arrangement is shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5.

Alternatively, the protective plates for the units may be provided with folded edges by means of which the adjacent plates of the units may be hooked into one another so that they cannot be separated by forces directed at right-angles to the surface of the protective plates. This arrangement is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6 where it is employed for the part shown in Fig. 4. It is'adapted when the insulating material is not sufficiently resilient to hold the protective plate pressed against the overlapping edge in a reliable manner. In other respects also astronger junction of the insulating covering is obtained with this arrangement. I

l The form of construction last described will of course be more expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, folds of this kind can only be produced advantageously with protective plates made of sheet metal. This arrangement will, however, only be employed in exceptional cases, and the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 .Withslightly bent edges will be found to meet the requirements satisfactorily in normal cases. a v .Fig. 7 shows a form of construction with another possible arrangement of joints between two. adjacent units. The edge .of a protectiveplate 9 v+1 isinserted in the slot formed between the edge of the preceding protective plate 9v and a slightly bent strip 9vz which is rigidly welded or riveted to the aforesaid edge.

Fig. 8 shows a further form of construction for a joint in which the slot in Fig. 8 previously referred to is produced by means of a special, very narrow strip which also serves as a distance,

piece. .The following plate is provided with a special strip mounted along the edge, which is.

intended to engage in the slot. The joint; constructed in this manner is very similar to the joint according to Fig. 7, but, as is clearly shown,

it possesses thegreat advantage that the units placed beside one another form a perfectly,

smooth surface without overlapping edges. This is of particular importance where value is placedpreviously employed arrangements for joining plates, such as plate metal screws or the like which was a disadvantage both from the point of viewof appearance and durability. 4

.It is essential for the invention that the fixing members It! should be so constructed and at-.

tached to the units that their free ends are readily accessible for fixing (Welding in the case.

described) to the wall to be insulated, after the unit has been placed in position. The fixing samurthat their; end pmromwmemie intended for-i fixings to the; wall;- proj ectsaheyondl theepenultimate and; the. first: unit is: less than the width of a standard: unit; the: last: linihwithr" out.fixihgimembersamay convenientlybe cut to the correct size on the site. In addition to rectangular unitsfor: smooth and cylindrical surni s: in t rm 1 ua s ded sn rallel trapezium for conical surfaces; r; surfaces which cannotbedevelgped,,circular. units for the poles of doubly-curved surfacesand many other forms: may come into question. a

Qi'rcul'ar units--maysuitably be provided :with three or morefixing mem-bers= depending. upon m me-when. are arranged and uniformly distributed around thecircumference.

- Fig.9 shows apart of. a container I i with a hemispherical end wall. This container is' partially covered :witluan insulating .jacket which consists of units in accordance with the inven t i o ,n.,j The illustrationshcws examples oi difierent'typesofunitswhich may be employed: Thus in this case a circular unit I2 is employed at the pole of the end wall. The adjacent row consists of relatively small units I3 in the form of an equal-sided parallel trapezium with relatively wide angles between the non-parallel sides. The following row which is still located on the hemispherical portion consists of similar trapezium-shaped units l4 which however, have a narrower angle and which may also be wider than the preceding ones. The next row is located on the cylindrical portion of the container, so that the units I5 employed here are rectangular. The width of the latter is primarily determined by the flexibility of the material used for the protective plate, and in other respects with due regard to the convenient manipulation of the units. Apart from this, the form and dimensions of the units may be varied as desired.

For walls forming a closed circle the units need not be arranged in closed belts as described above but may instead be fixed to the wall in a single spiral-shaped row arranged around the wall. This arrangement may be found advantageous for example, for cylindrical walls with a long axial length. In this way the necessity for' In this way a considerable I On the protective plate, loop I shaped plate-metal strips I6 are mounted which,"

anez'sultablynxedvby spct'Jweldhrg-Jzat??? installingwinsulating coveringsfthe' emtportioxr ofi the fixing member I'll-is: simply pushed inwund'er theev loop- I62 This: arrangement I simplifies" ina sta .ati'on still further and: facilitates transport oi the". ready-cutbrotectivea plates. These: are very T'much less bulky for packing: purposesv with, out the fixing member attached to them which might also cause eamageimmer respects" Ilhe fi xing members': r'na suitab1ybe: packed sepaw l i il he arrangement according to' Fig. 10 may be: sti urther dev'elopedby allowing. it to serve: at: the sam-etime for fastening thei'previously mentioned insulating mauto the protectiveplate.

an example ofthisFig. :11. shows a loop I'l'which has the same function as the loop l'6"accordin'g: to Fig. 16- but is provided.inaddition-withfiaps l B; The cross-sectionsl lown'v in-Figr. .12 illustrates; howthe wire netting: 8: referred to in" connectiom Win 1- Figs 1:3 "is fixedto the. protective: plate; b bending the aforesaid flaps l8 around. thewwlrei' ire-the netting and? subsequently turningei them down a ltogetl'ieru If no fixing member-.10v needs-.-

also be employed for attachingthefixi'ng mem bei' tomewall*tobeinsulatedyorit-may be used as a substitute.

The" inventio'rimay of" course" be" usedwnoremy for heat-insulating jackets, but also with similar advantages for sound-insulating coverings for example. For the corresponding constructional parts of the units one is free to choose the most suitable material for each form of employment coming into question.

For sound-insulating coverings, both the walls to be insulated and the units protective plate are frequently constructed of a material which cannot be welded but can conveniently be glued or pasted. Furthermore, in accordance with some other method known per se, as for example by screwing, the fixing member may in such case advantageously be attached by means of a paper or woven strip which is laid over the end portion of the fixing member and glued firmly to the plate or wall, suitably by means of a synthetic resin glue such as'melamine with a reacting material such as formaldehyde.

What I claim is:

1. A plurality of structurally independent units for assembling an insulating cover on a wall, each said unit comprising a cover plate, a layer of insulating material having one face thereof secured to the under face of said plate, the opposite face of said insulating layer being adapted to confront the wall, a fixing member having a good heat insulating characteristic, one end of said member being secured to the under face of said plate at one side thereof and the opposite end of said member being adapted to be secured to the Wall, the side of said plate opposite that to which said fixing member is secured being adapted to interlock with that side of the plate on the adjoining unit to which the fixing member of said adjoining unit is secured.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein opposite sides of the plate on each unit are of 7 reverse curvature thereby to establish the said interlock between the plates of adjoining units. 3. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein one side. of the plate on each unit includes a :slotted portion adapted to receive the adjacent :side ofthe plate on the adjoining unit thereby to establish saidinterlock between the plates ora 1- joining units. 4." The'invention asdefined in claim 1 wherein one side of the plate of each unit is provided with a strip secured to tiTe under face of the plate and projecting beyond the. edge thereof, and the opposite side thereof is provided with a slotted "portion at the under side adapted to receive the strip on the plate of the adjoining unit thereby to establish said interlock between the plates of adjoining units.

I 5.'The' invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said fixing member is constituted by two metallic end portions interconnected by an intermediate non-metallic portion having a good heat insulating characteristic.

' 6. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said'layer of insulating, material is enclosed by awire netting that is secured to the under face of said cover plate. 7

7. The invention'as defined in claim 1 wherein said layer of insulating material is enclosed by a metallic wire netting, a metallic strip is disposed between said insulating material and netting, and said insulating material is secured to the under face of saidplate by securing the said metallic strip to said plate face.

i 8. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said fixing member is constituted by two angular end portions interconnected by an intermediate portion'having a good heat insulating characteristic, and the said angular end portion adapted to be secured to the wall projects beyond the edge ofsaid cover plate.

9. The invention as defined in claim-l'wherein said cover plate includes a loop-shaped strip fixedat its end portions to the under side of the plate and which is spaced from the plate at its intermediate loop portion, and saidfixing member includes an angular portion at one end thereof engaging the looped portion of 'said strip to thereby securesaid fixing member to said cover plate.

10. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein said layer of insulating mate'rialis enclosed by a wire netting and the end portions of said'loopshaped strip include laterally projecting flaps bent around thenetting wire to thereby secure said insulating material to said cover plate.

FRIDOLF HENNING BRUNNZELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file oi this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Date