US2571648A - Rail anchor - Google Patents

Rail anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2571648A
US2571648A US29072A US2907248A US2571648A US 2571648 A US2571648 A US 2571648A US 29072 A US29072 A US 29072A US 2907248 A US2907248 A US 2907248A US 2571648 A US2571648 A US 2571648A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anchor
rail
bar
hook
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US29072A
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English (en)
Inventor
Victor C Armstrong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Poor and Co
Original Assignee
Poor and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Poor and Co filed Critical Poor and Co
Priority to US29072A priority Critical patent/US2571648A/en
Priority to DEP39220D priority patent/DE805882C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2571648A publication Critical patent/US2571648A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/12—Guards, shields or dust excluders
    • B41J29/13—Cases or covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B13/00—Arrangements preventing shifting of the track
    • E01B13/02—Rail anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2201/00—Fastening or restraining methods
    • E01B2201/08—Fastening or restraining methods by plastic or elastic deformation of fastener

Definitions

  • This invention relates ,to certain new and useful improvements in rail anchors of the general type in which a bar is formed at one end with a hook which provides upper and lower jaws adapted to be driven transversely of a railroad rail into spring gripping engagement with the top and bottom surfaces of the base portion of the rail.
  • a rail anchor of the above type the upper jaw is flexed upwardly relative to the body of the anchor device during movement of the jaw upwardly and inwardly to its applied position on the inclined top surface of said base portion of the rail.
  • the metal at the curve of the hook which lies between the neutral longitudinal axis and the outer curved surface of the hook is subjected to compression. If the compression in that portion of the hook which lies on the compression side of the neutral axis is substantially greater than the stretch on the tension side of said neutral axis, there is a tendency to bow the compression side laterally. While this lateral bending of the compression side of the bar is undesirable, in that it reduces the gripping force exerted by the jaw, the anchor device will continue to function.
  • the hook portion of the anchor when it is flexed outwardly from the anchor body, will assume a permanent set.
  • the bar will be fractured at some location along the surface of the inner curved surface of the hook and thereby so release the grip of the hook on the rail base that the anchor becomes ineffective to hold the railroad rail against longitudinal creeping movements. It is desirable, therefore, to so distribute the metal in the bar from which the rail anchor is to be made that the metal at the tension side of the neutral axis of thebar will be sufficient to resist the normal strains and also provide a suitable factor of safety.
  • the neutral longitudinal axis of the metal which forms the hook shall be so positioned relative to the outer curved surface of the hook that this metal will Withstand the compression with little or no tendency to yield or bend laterally when the hook is flexed vertically, during the application of the anchor to a rail base flange or during the presence of a force tending to tilt the anchor about an axis extending transversely of the rail.
  • the metal is so distributed in the bar from which the anchor is formed that the anchor provides maximum strength for resisting the above mentioned tension and compressive forces imposed on the hook portion thereof when the hook is spread apart during its application to a rail or during the presence of other forces tending to spread the jaws apart.
  • the said bar provides a flat tie abutting surface which extends the full height of the anchor body and therefore provides a large bearing area for engaging the cross-tie.
  • the anchor body has a cross-sectional configuration having one flat side and having a section, while being geometrically unsymmetrical, is substantially balanced as to its 1/8 and S/A ratios above and below the middle line of the section.
  • the bar provides a suitable amount .of metal adjacent the outer curvature of the hook to receive the percussive force of a driving implement during the application of the anchor to a railroad rail.
  • Fig. 1 is a face view of a rail anchor device constructed in accordance with this invention, applied to the base portion of a railroad rail in a position to bear against an adjacent cross-tie;
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the structure shown in chor of the hook jaw type made from a bar in which the neutral axis lies near the inner bend of the hook;
  • Fig. 6 is an end view of the structure shown in Fig. 5, illustrating the tendency of the vertical web thereof to bow laterally along line 6-6 of Fig. 5 when the upper jaw of the anchor is flexed upwardly relative to the body.
  • the anchor device herein shown is of a known general type and may be described briefly as comprising a metal bar formed at one end with an open elongated loop in the form of a hook which provides the anchor with upper and lower jaws I0 and II adapted to grip the top and bottom surfaces, respectively, of one base flange l2 of a railroad rail I3.
  • the jaw portion ll of the anchor device is extended across the bottom surface of the rail and constitutes the body portion of the anchor.
  • the said body portion is formed at its outer end with an up-pressed shoulder l5 which engages. over the lower corner portion of the rail base flange l6 so as to lock the anchor device on the rail.
  • the hooked portion of the anchor is formed so that the upper jaw III will have such configuration that it will bear on the inclined top surface of the rail base flange I2 only at a location spaced inwardly from the longltudinal edge of the rail and so that the inner curved surface ll of the hook will be spaced outwardly from the edge of the base flange.
  • the curved inner surface I! is also formed to provide a clearance I8 between the anchor device andthe lower corner of the rail base flange I2.
  • the metal is so distributed in the present anchor device that the section modulus. (the index of strength of a bar) of the portion adjacent the rail engaging platform and the inner perimeter of the hook is greater than the section modulus for that portion of the anchor lying between the neutral axis of the bar and the outer curved surface of the hook, but the neutral axis (NA) of the improved bar lies: relatively close tothe middle line of the section, whereas the neutral axis (DNA) of the.
  • T-shape bar as compared with the new form of bar in Fig. 4, lies relatively close to the tension side of the bar (Figs. 4 and 5-).
  • the present anchor includes a more economical distribution of the metal in that it provides adequate strength, by virtue of the enlarged portion 20, forming a rail engaging platform of the anchor, and the tie abutting portion 2
  • adds to the tension resisting function of the enlarged portion 20 and also adds rigidity to the tie abutting portion 2
  • the specific distribution of metal provides the anchor body with spaced upper and lower chords and an intervening vertlcal web, the upper chord including the enlargement 20 and the said fillet 20a to place. a preponderance of metal in the body above the middle line thereof and in the zone of maximum tension imposed on the said upper chord along the inner perimeter of the hook.
  • the radius of the flllet 26a is preferably tangent at one end to the lower portion of the upper chord and also tangent at the other end with the intervening web substantially at the neutral axis.
  • the special metal distribution herein shown makes it practicable to form the rail base gripping surface 22 of less width than it has been used heretofore (see Fig. 4) and thereby provides a substantial increase in the torsional grip of the anchor on the. rail when the tie abutting portion is pressed against the tie.
  • the said tortional strains are concentrated on a relatively small area of the upper jaw l0 along the rail edge 23 thereof and therefore increases the tendency to flex the upper jaw l0 outwardly from the anchor body.
  • the increased strength provided by the relatively heavy portion 25 of the tie abutting portion which extends around the hook and overlies the upper jaw provides effective resistance to the tortional strains imposed on said upper jaw along the edge 23 thereof.
  • the enlargement 26 which extends along the outer surface of the hook shaped bend (Figs. 1 and 2) provides a thick body of metal, as distinguished from the thin flange 21 of the T-section shown in Fig. 4, to receive the impact force of a sledge or other applying implement which may be used to drive the hooked portion of the anchor onto the base flange l2. It will be observed also that the neutral axis B (Fig. 4) of the improved bar section lies relatively close to the middle line as distinguished from the neutral axis C (Fig. 4) of the T-section.
  • a rail anchor comprising a geometrically unsymmetrical bar having a horizontal body portion formed along its upper edge with a flat rail engaging platform and extending across the rail beneath the base thereof and bent at one end into hook form to provide a resilient open loop elongated lengthwise of the bar and providing upper and lower jaws for gripping the top and bottom surfaces, respectively, of one base flange of the rail and formed at the other end with locking means for engaging the rail base flange at the other side of the rail, the anchor device being further characterized in that the metal is so distributed relative to the middle line of the transverse cross-section and the neutral axis extending longitudinally of the bar so that the said rail engaging platform is in the form of a thick flange projecting laterally from a vertical flange and extending around the inner perimeter of the hook and provides the major portion of the metal lying on the tension side of the bar at the bend, there being a fillet at the junction of the lateral flange with one side face of the vertical flange, which fillet extends from the horizontal f
  • a rail anchor constructed according to claim 1 and further characterized in that the distribution of metal is such that the I/S and S/A ratios are in substantial balance for opposite sides of the middle line of the bar section.
  • a rail anchor constructed according to claim 2 and further characterized in that the said lateral reinforcing rib extends along the outer perimeter of the hook and provides an outer surface of large area for receiving the impact force of an applying sledge, and is substantially wider than the thickness of the bar at said middle line.
  • a one-piece rail anchor of the type having a hook at one end and including a body wherein the metal is distributed with reference to the transverse middle line of the cross-section and the neutral axis extending lengthwise of the bar so as to provide a flat tie engaging face at one side and upper and lower chord members separated by an intervening web face on the other side, said upper chord member connected with said web face by a fillet whose lower end joins said web face substantially at the neutral axis of the body to provide a preponderance of metal in the body above the middle line thereof and in the zone of maximum tension imposed on the upper portion of the body including the hook.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
US29072A 1948-05-25 1948-05-25 Rail anchor Expired - Lifetime US2571648A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29072A US2571648A (en) 1948-05-25 1948-05-25 Rail anchor
DEP39220D DE805882C (de) 1948-05-25 1949-04-07 Schienenanker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29072A US2571648A (en) 1948-05-25 1948-05-25 Rail anchor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2571648A true US2571648A (en) 1951-10-16

Family

ID=21847070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US29072A Expired - Lifetime US2571648A (en) 1948-05-25 1948-05-25 Rail anchor

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US2571648A (de)
DE (1) DE805882C (de)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1344015A (en) * 1918-08-01 1920-06-22 Wolhaupter Benjamin Rail-anchor
US1779979A (en) * 1927-11-05 1930-10-28 Moore George Loop Rail anchor
US1780412A (en) * 1929-01-18 1930-11-04 P & M Co Rail anchor
US1781191A (en) * 1928-07-02 1930-11-11 P & M Co Rail anchor
GB437689A (en) * 1934-07-24 1935-11-04 David Denis Williams Improvements in rail anchors
US2244755A (en) * 1938-12-27 1941-06-10 Poor & Co Rail anchor
US2473345A (en) * 1944-12-07 1949-06-14 Poor & Co Rail anchor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1344015A (en) * 1918-08-01 1920-06-22 Wolhaupter Benjamin Rail-anchor
US1779979A (en) * 1927-11-05 1930-10-28 Moore George Loop Rail anchor
US1781191A (en) * 1928-07-02 1930-11-11 P & M Co Rail anchor
US1780412A (en) * 1929-01-18 1930-11-04 P & M Co Rail anchor
GB437689A (en) * 1934-07-24 1935-11-04 David Denis Williams Improvements in rail anchors
US2244755A (en) * 1938-12-27 1941-06-10 Poor & Co Rail anchor
US2473345A (en) * 1944-12-07 1949-06-14 Poor & Co Rail anchor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE805882C (de) 1951-05-31

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