US2570832A

US2570832A - Oscillating fluid pressure machine

Info

Publication number: US2570832A
Application number: US31988A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mercier Ernest; Ehlinger Marcel
Original assignee: MOORE Inc
Current assignee: MOORE Inc
Priority date: 1943-02-16
Filing date: 1948-06-09
Publication date: 1951-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 1968-10-09

Description

Oct. 9, 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 mmvroas fines Me/aer Oct. 9, 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 9, 1948 0 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL 7 OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS flruzs/leraer BY Mara! fljllt tgf Q 1951 E. MERCIER ETl'AL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Z'rnesi Marne!" BY flame! LZliijer H 7 TURNE Y5 Q 1951 E. MERCIER ETAL 2,570,832

OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed June 9, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS fines He ner y Martel ilzlugger Patented Oct. 9, 1951 OSCILLATING FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Ernest Mercier and Marcel Ehlinger, Paris,

France, assignors, by mesne assignments, to Moore, Inc., Atlanta, Ga., a corporation of Georgia Application June 9, 1948, Serial No. 31,988 In France February 16, 1943 26 Claims. 1

This invention relates to fluid pressure machines and more especially to those in which a movable body or rotor is supported for oscillating movement about an axis concomitantly with change in the pressure of a fluid acting thereon or acted upon by said rotor.

The invention more particularly relates to prime movers and compressors in which a rotor carries elements or vanes which move with reciprocating movement concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the rotor within a casing cooperating with these vanes and the rotor to confine the fluid pressure so as to act upon these vanes or to be acted upon thereby. Oscillating machines of this general character are disclosed in the French Patent 894,646, filed February 16, 1943, and granted to the present applicants March 20, 1944.

As described in the French Patent 894,646 and disclosed in the corresponding United States application Serial No. 590,920, filed April 28, 1945, the oscillating machine may be provided with two members oscillatable about the same axis in opposite directions and such members may be impelled by the fluid under pressure acting simultaneously on oppositely moving vanes respectively carried thereby or having such vanes thereof act on the fluid to vary the pressure thereof in a manner similar to the pistons of free piston engines and compressors, the oscillatable rotors and vanes thereof being movable within a casing performing a function similar to that of the cyclinders in a conventional machine, the contour of this casing being substantially a surface of revolution about the axis of the machine generated by the median perimeter of the vane which cooperates with the casing to confine the fluid pressure.

In such machines the two oppositely oscillatable members or rotors which may be those of a prime mover or of a fluid compressor may oscillate in the same exterior envelope or casing which is stationary. As disclosed in the French patent and in the United States application, however, this envelope or casing itself may constitute one of the oscillatable members. The construction in which the two oscillatable rotors oscillate in the same stationary casing presents certain problems of construction and operation which, although they may be readily solved, involve certain restrictive conditions.

'fluid and other operating conditions.

7 2 'The present invention has for an object the facilitating of the construction of oscillating machines, and, particularly, of free oscillators provided with two oppositely oscillatable mem bers.

It is another object of the invention to provide an oscillating machine with oppositely oscillatable members which avoids certain difliculties experienced when both the oscillatable members operate within the same envelope or casing.

\ It is a further object of the invention to provide a construction of a casing or envelope cooperating with oppositely oscillatable members of which parts will be of reduced thickness and weight for a given condition of pressure of the Another object of the invention is to provide in such an improved oscillating machine for balancing the forces or couples acting upon the oppositely moving oscillating members so as to minimize or eliminate the unbalanced forces of the fluid pressure and of inertia which in the ordinary machine are transferred to the casing, the supporting structure and the base.

A still further object of the invention is to provide for equalization of the fluid pressure acting on the vanes carried by the oppositel moving members.

Another object of the invention is to provide a prime mover compressor unit of improved construction in which the oppositely moving prime mover and compressor elements are in the balanced relation and subjected to the equalized fluid pressures above referred to.

An additional object of the invention is to provide in an oscillating prime mover compressor machine an improved construction for support of the oppositely oscillatable members in concentric relation to each other.

It is a feature of the present invention that in an oscillating fluid pressure machine two oscillatable members are disposed side by side and preferably upon a common axis for oscillation thereof in opposite directions to each other. These members and the vanes thereof upon which the fluid pressure acts or which act upon the fluid. concomitantly with change in the pressure thereof are movable in opposite directions of reciprocating movement within and conform to the contour of two separate chambers in each of which the contour is that of a surface of to each other.

revolution about the common axis. These separate chambers may be formed within the same casing or envelope. Each oscillatable member preferably is provided with a pluralit of vanes which operate within each chamber whether formed within two separate envelopes or within the same casing or envelope. These chambers may be closed by partitions and partition blocks which provide the separating Walls between the chambers and the peripherally spaced end walls of these chambers adjacent the limits of the oscillating movement of the vanes so as to confine the fluid pressure within the respective chambers.

It is a feature of the invention that means are provided for equalizing the pressure between the two chambers in which the oppositely oscillatable vanes operate so that these vanes cooperate with the partition and partition blocks to confine substantially the same fluid pressure as they more oppositely with respect to each other. Since the portions of the casing forming the side by side chambers may be rigidly connected together, as will be more clearly understood from the description of the drawings to follow, the forces due to the fluid pressure acting on the peripherally spaced partition blocks in the circumferential direction tending to produce rotational movement of the casing are balanced. As the chambers are spaced in the direction parallel to the axis of oscillation, however, a couple is set up which acts on each partition block and on the casing to which it is rigidly connected. Nevertheless, as there are a plurality and preferably an even number of vanes carried by each oscillatable member, these vanes preferably being symmetrically .positioned in each member about the axis of oscillation, the couples which are es tablished at the partition blocks and'produced by pressures of the fluids acting on or acted on by the vanes in the respective chambers may be sub* stantially or completely balanced with respect Thereby the reactions which otherwise would be brought upon the partition blocks and the casing tending to produce displacement thereof may offset each other and no substantial reaction due to the forces which produce the oscillating movement may be brought upon the supports and the bed of the machine. The forces tending to produce distortion of the stator or casing and of the partition blocks and other fixed parts and movement of the machine upon its bed or support therefore may be made small or substantially eliminated.

In each of the two oppositely oscillatable members as above indicated the vanes preferabl are arranged symmetrically about the axis of oscillation. Provision is made in at least one of these members for connecting the homologous chambers which are formed by the casing cooperating with these vanes to equalize the pressure in these homologous chambers. The pressure thus is equalized between all of the chambers in which the fluid pressure acts on or is acted upon by the oppositely moving vanes of the two oscillatable members.

The provisions which have been above generally described are of particular importance in connection with the construction of prime movers utilizing oppositely oscillating members. Such prime movers are subject to variations in the forces produced by the fluid pressure medium because of variations in the fuel and the air supply, particularly in internal combustion en gines, conditions of combustion and of temperature and other causes of variation of the fluid pressure. Such accidental variations may introduce the disequilibrium which the provisions above described serve to obviate. Compressors on the other hand are not subject inherently to these causes of disturbance and the total pressures which are exerted by the fluid pressure medium being compressed on the various parts are les than those of the prime movers. The provisions for equalization of the pressure therefore, although the may be utilized, are not so essential and the balancing of the couples between the two oppositely oscillating compressor members may be accomplished by the symmetrical arrangement of the compresso vanes about the axis of oscillation.

Nevertheless, if desired the constructive and operating relation of the oscillating and stationary parts which have been generally described above for the prime movers also may be carried out in the compressors. Ordinarily two compressor units corresponding respectively to the two prime mover oscillating members may be arranged side by side with their oscillating members oscillatable on' the common axis of the prime mover oscillatable members. As the accidental differences of pressure such as may take place in prime movers are much less frequent in compressors and generally are of less degree it is not necessary ordinarily to provide the compressors with special pressure equalizing pipes as aforesaid as concerns the prime movers, but it is necessar to rigidly connect the casings of both compressors in order to secure the balancing eiiect of the couples developed by the fluid on these casings in opposite direction to each other.

It is another feature of the invention in order to carry out the above'objects and to embody the features above described that the two oppositely oscillatable prime mover members are so con: structed that they may be supported in concentric coaxial relation. To this endwthe members may take the form of cylinders, one cylinder extending about the other with the oppositely oscillatable vanes carried by the two cylinders adjacently positioned and operating in respective separate chambers spaced along the axis of revolution of the cylinders. Also mounted upon the respective cylinders are the vanes of the oscillatable compressor members, these compressor members having their casings in adjacent relations along the axis of the cylinders. The inner cylinder may extend beyond the ends of the outer cylinder and may carry at one end one of the sets of prime mover vanes, that is, those which operate in one of the chambers. This inner cylinder carries at its opposite end one of the sets of oscillatable vanes. These two sets of oscillata-ble vanes fastened to this inner cylinder oscillate therewith as a unit. Similarly the other of prime mover vanes and the other set of corrpressor vanes are fastened upon the outer cylinder to oscillate as a unit therewith in the opposite direction to the oscillation of the first unit.

The construction which has just been generally described in which two concentric cylindrical supporting members are coaxial one with the other also may be utilized in an oscillating machine in which the prime mover is provided with a plurality of vanes, preferably an even number, symmetrically positioned about the axis, alternate vanes being carried by the respective coaxial cylinders for movement in opposite directions Within a single chamber in a fixed casing. The construction is such that thefluid pressure acts simultaneously on the adjacentfaces of the oppositely moving vanes within the chamber formed by the casing whichextends about these vanes and cooperates therewith to confine the fluid pressure. As will be more clearly understood from the description of the drawings to follow, the forces acting on the vanes and the respective oscillatable members and on their supporting cylinders are symmetrically distributed about the axis and act generally in the same plane transverse to the aXisSo that couples due to forces spaced in the direction parallel to the axis are not present as in the embodiment of the invention previously described.

,The compressor unit may be similarly constructed with the oppositely moving vanes thereof within the same casing providing therewith fluid pressure chambers between these vanes in which the fluid is compressed by the oppositely moving vanes. These oppositely moving vanes of the compressor unit respectively are carried by the two concentric cylinders. Those vanes which must approach each other for effecting the compression of the fluid are carried by the respective cylinders which carry the prime mover vanes between which the fluid under pressure is confined which acts thereon to produce separating movement of these prime mover vanes in opposite directions within the prime mover casing. Thus, although couples are developed respectively in the prime mover and compressor which produce torsional movements in the supporting concentric cylinders which carry the prime mover and the compressor vanes, nevertheless, the forces acting on the oppositely moving oscillatable members, that is, on the respective cylinders and the vanes which they carry, may be substantially balanced to obviate any unbalanced force tending either to rotate the casing or to move it laterally or endwise.

Moreover, both in the embodiment which utilizes axially spaced chambers with equalizer channels and in the embodiment in which the vanes move oppositely in the same transverse plane within a single casing the inertia forces which ordinarily in a reciprocating fluid pressure machine are brought upon the casing, for example, the cylinder heads in a reciprocating piston engine, are of little or no effect in the oscillating machine of the invention since any such force due to acceleration or deceleration of the oscillatable members and the vanes is transmitted as pressure through the fluid to the oppositely moving vane and its supporting member or cylinder. The pressures which the casing must withstand, therefore, for the most part are only those of the respective fluid pressures in the prime mover and compressor units and no great reaction is developed in the casing and in the bed for counteracting unbalanced forces as in the conventional reciprocating machines.

The invention also provides features of construction of the oscillatable members and of the envelope or casing for securing reduction in the thickness of the parts and therefore of the weight, improvement in strength, cooling of the stationary and movable parts and other constructional advantages which will be more clearly understood from the description of the drawings to follow in. which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a prime mover compressor unit embodying the invention.

3 Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the circular are 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic cross section of an elemental oscillating machine.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show diagrammatically longi tudinal sections of oscillatable members having vanes of different forms cooperating with their enveloping casings.

Fig. 8 is a cross section of an oscillating machine of the invention showing details of the construction.

Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is-a longitudinal section of an oscillating prime mover compressor unit showing concentric cylinders supporting the respective oscil lating vanes.

Fig. 11 is a section taken on line II -II of Fig. .10. F

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 two oppositely oscillatable members I and 3 are arranged for'oscillation on a common axis. The members land 3 respectively are carried by con'centric cylinders 5 and i. The cylinder 5 is supported at its ends by spiders 9 having hubs I0 fitted upon the shaft II' which passes from end to end through the cylinders concentric with the axis thereof. The shaft I I is supported at the ends thereof in bearings I3 as shown in Fig. l. I

The cylinder"! is provided with bearing rings I-5 bearing on the outer surface of the cylinder 5, the cylinder I being thus supported by the cylinder 5 for oscillating movement thereof'with respect to the cylinder 5 in opposite directions of such movement to the movements of the cylinder 5. The member 3 is carried by and fastened upon the cylinder 1 for oscillation therewith. As shown in Fig.2 in dotted outline, the member 3 carries a vane I! which is fastened to the member 3 between the cheek walls I8 and I9 and the base cylindrical wall 2| thereof which is fastened upon the cylinder 1 as shown in Fig. 1. The member I carries a vane 23 fitted between the

cheek walls

24, 25 and the cylindrical .wall 21 thereof which is fastenediupon the cylinder 5.

It is a feature of the inventiomas will be more particularly described hereafter, that thezcheek walls I8, I9, 24, 25 extend outwardly from the axis of the shaft II only part way toward the outer edge of the vanes I! and 23.- These vanes, however, are formed with a meridian outline extending beyond the periphery of the respective oscillatable members I and 3.

As shown in Figs. '1 and 2 an envelope or casing 30, in this embodiment formed in one piece and provided with three inwardly extending cheek walls SI, 32, 33, extends circumferentially about both oscillatable members I and 3. The cheek walls 3|, 32, 33 and the circumferential wall 35 form recesses or chambers in the envelope 30 side by side in the direction parallel to the axis of oscillation, these chambers having contours in the plane of the axis conforming to the meridian outline of the respective vanes I1 and '23 of the members 3 and I. As these vanes I1 and 23 are fitted to their respective oscillatable members 3 and I and as they may be provided with suitable packing elements 31 as shown in Fig. 2 extending generally in the medidian plane, they may move within the chambers formed by the cheek walls I8,-I9, 24, 25, 3I, 32, 33 and. the circumferential extending walls 21', 2! and 35 in sliding relation to the envolping casing 30. As shown in Fig. 1 packing elements 39 are provided extending circumferentially about and carried by the respective cheek walls of the oscillatable members I and 3 and fitting against the inner circumferen- 7 tial edge surfaces of the cheek walls 3|, 32, 33 to secure fluid pressure tightness of the respective chambers.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the casing 30 may be formed to receive a partition block or sector 4! of V section fitting to

radial surfaces

43 and 45 formed upon the casing 30. Casing 30 may be provided with flanges 46 which receive suitable bolts 41 for fastening the partition block 4| between the two portions of the casing 30. For simplicity in Fig. 1 only the bolt holes 48 are shown in the flange 46. This partition block 4| may serve to support suitable valves not forming part of the invention for controlling the admission of fluid to and the discharge of fluid from the fluid pressure chambers which are formed between the partition block and the vanes H and 23. It will be apparent from a consideration of Figs. 2 and 3 that fluid pressure in the'space 42 between the partition block 4| and the vane l'l will tend to produce movement of the vane I! in the counterclockwise direction in Fig. 2 with respect to the casing 30. Fluid pressure in the space 44 between the partition block 4| and the vane 23 will tend to produce movement of the vane in the clockwise direction in Fig. 2.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention opposite each of the vanes I! and 23 is positioned in symmetric relation thereto, as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4, a vane supported by the same oscillatable member. In the embodiment of Fig. 2 diametrically opposite to the partition block 4| a similar partition block, not shown, will be provided cooperating with the respective additional vanes in the same manner as just, described for the vanes l1 and 23. It will be understood, therefore, that when the fluid pressure'is confined in the spaces between homologous vanes and the corresponding partition blocks 4| a rotative couple is produced efiecting rotational movement of the respective members I and 3. If equal fluid pressure is simultaneously confined in the spaces at either side of the respective partition blocks 4| which respectively are in the side by side chambers in which the vanes of the two oscillatable members move, these two oscillatable members and 3 will be moved in opposite directions with the rotative reactions on the'partition block 4| and on the casing 30 opposed to each other. Tendency to rotational movement of the casing, therefore, is obviated and no substantial reaction on the supports and on the bed of the machine is developed due to the force producing oscillating movement.

To this end pressure in the space 44 between the partition block 4! and the vane 23 is equalized through pipe 49 with the pressure in the corresponding or homologous space at the opposite side of or spaced circumferentially about the shaft H. Similarly the pressure in the space 42 between the vane l1 and the partition block 4| may be equalized with the homologous space at the opposite side of the shaft I through the pipe but, as will be shown hereafter, such a pipe is not necessary in all cases. As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 a conduit 53 also is provided supported in the partition block 4| and connecting the space 44 with the space 42. It will be noted that this conduit passes across the cheek wall 32 which separates the two chambers formed in the envelope or casing 30 corresponding to the two oscillatable' members and 3. In view of the V form of the partition block 4| which may extend between the outer cheek walls 3| and 33 of the casing, as shown on Fig. 3, the central cheek wall 32 may be interrupted at the partition block 4| and the conduit '53 may extend across the hollow space of the block 4| as shown in Fig. 3 and then through the respective portions of the walls 43 and to provide the equalizing passage between the

spaces

42 and 44 so that substantially the same fluid pressure confined within these spaces acts simultaneously on the vanes l7 and 23, with equal reaction upon the

faces

43 and 45 of the partition block 4|, to produce opposite rotational movement of the vanes l1 and 23 and the members 3 and respectively when these vanes and members are operated as a prime mover. Upon return movement of both of these vanes toward the partition block 4| the fluid pressure medium will be compressed within the

spaces

42 and 44 with equalizing of the pressure between these spaces and equal reaction upon the faces of block 4|.

As shown in, Fig. 3 a similar conduit is provided in the partition block 4| to equalize the pressure between the other two

spaces

52, 54 respectively adjacent to the

faces

43 and 45 of the partition block 44 which are diagonally positioned with respect to each other at opposite sides of the central cheek wall 32, these spaces being closed at the ends by the other partition block 4| referred tov above but not shown in Fig. 2.

It now will be apparent that equalization of the pressure is secured between all of the ho mologous spaces confining the fluid which produces opposite movement of the two oscillatable members i and 3 by virtue of the connection through the pipes 49 and conduits 53 and desired, therefore, the equalizing pipe 5| may be omitted although another pipe 49 may be provided connecting the homologous spaces corresponding to space 52 or 54 at the opposite side of or spaced about the shaft ll. As the

spaces

52, 54 are connected by the equalizer'com duit 55 the pressure will be equalized in these homologous spaces. It also will be understood that because of the equalization of the pressure in the

spaces

42, 44 and in the

spaces

52, 54 the reaction brought upon the partition block 4| and transmitted to the casing which otherwise would tend to produce rotation of the casing is obviated.

Moreover, since all of the vanes carried by one of the oscillatable members or 3 move in the same direction, so that as a vane I! or 23 moves away from the partition block 4| another vane on the same member approaches this block, as may be seen in Fig. 4, another couple is developed by the action of the vanes of the two members and 3 in opposition to the couple acting on the partition block 4| developed concomitantly with movement of the vanes l1 and 23. These opposed couples will be understood by a consideration of Fig. 3 and serve to reduce the tendency to displacement of the machine upon its bed transversely of the axis and to reduce the forces which the partition block 4| and the casing must resist.

In so far as is practicable the fluid pressure medium, as scavenging air, fuel or other medium, is evenly distributed by suitable means to the homologous spaces so that the symmetric arrangement of the vanes and chambers will secure a uniform rotative effect. If in spite of such precautions irregularity of pressure develops the equalizer pipes 48 and

conduits

53, 55 aiiord the means of maintaining the desired symmetrical and uniform application of rotative efiort to the oppositely moving members and 3. As in the prime mover, particularly when operated as an internal combusion fre'e piston engine, gases of high temperature may pass through the pipes 59 these pipes are provided with a jacket E] forming an annular space therewith through which a cooling medium may be circulated. Preferably the diameter of the conduits 53, will be larger than that of pipes 49 in order that any irregularity in the pressures developed in the spaces at'either side of the partition blocks il may be quickly equalized so as to avoid unbalanced reaction on the casing 39.

As shown in Fig. 1 upon the cylinder 5 an oscillatable compressor member 5| is carried. On the cylinder I in side by side relation to the member 61 along the axis of oscillation is carried the oscillatable compressor member 63. Co-

operating with the oscillatable member El is the casing providing a rectangular chamber in which vanes similar to the

vanes

11 and 23 of the prime mover oscillatable members I and 3 move with the oscillating movement of the cylinder 5. A similar casing 6'5 cooperates with the oscillatable compressor member 63 the vanes of which move in the chamber formed by the casing 61 with the oscillatingmovement of the cylinder 7. In the embodiment of Fig. l the casings t5 and 6'! are separately formed to extend about the full meridian outline of the respective vanes carried by the oscillatable members 6i and 53, these casings fitting to the respective oscillatable member 6! and 63 and made fluid tight thereto by packing elements 69. The walls of these compressor casings in the embodiment of Fig. 1 are formed with hollow spaces ii for passing a cooling fluid therethrough for absorbing the heat of the compression. The oscillatable members 6!, 63 may also be provided with cooling channels E3. The cooling channels ll and 13 may be supplied with the cooling fluid by any suitable means.

The casings 55 and 61 may be constructed with partition blocks of V section fitted between respective portions of the casings in the manner similar to that shown in Fig. 2 for the prime mover unit. As above indicated, although equalizing pipes and conduits'may be provided connecting the homologous chambers and spaces of the compressor units as provided in the prime mover unit, ordinarily such provision is not requisite in the compressor unit and in the embodiment of Fig. l the balance of the forces acting on the compressor casings tending to produce rotational movement thereof is accomplished by virtue of the symmetrical arrangement of the .1.

homologous vanes and the partition blocks to form chambers in which the vanes operate '50 that the fluid pressure of two oppositely moving vanes reacts upon the same partition block.

Casings 65 and 61 must be rigidly connected.

Figs. 5, 6, and '7 diagrammatically show typical sections of the casing and an oscillatable member taken in the plane of the axis of oscillation 14. In Fig. 5 the oscillatable member 15 carries a vane 11 of circular meridian outline, having the outer meridian arc thereof conforming t the inner surface of a casing 19, this inner surface being a surface of revolution substantially generated by the revolution of the are about the axis of oscillation. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 the outer rims of the lateral walls 89 of the oscillatable member 15 are fitted to the inner circumferential surf-aces of the lateral walls 8! of the casing 19 substantially at the horizontal diameter of the circle of the vane 11.

lindrical surface inthe casing 19' with lateral I surfaces in planes perpendicular to the axis, the

edges of the vane 83 m'ovingin sliding relation over these surfaces.

In Fig. '7 the: casing 19' is of the same form as in Fig. 5 but the vane 85 is" of rectangular outline in theinner portion thereof whereit is fitted to the oscillatabl'e member 75.

In Figs. 6 and 7, as in Fig. 5, the meeting line of the cheek walls 8! of the casing with the rims of the oscillatable member 15 is on the horizontal diameter of the vanes. Within the scope of the invention, however, this meeting line may be either above or below the horizontal diameter of the vane, as shown in Fig. 6 by the dotted lines 81 and 38, the radial extent of the cheek walls 8| and of the lateral walls of the oscillatable member 15 being correspondingly reduced or in' creased. In all cases, however, the surface of the casings 79 is a'sur'face of revolution aboutthe axis of oscillation which facilitates and simpli fies machining of the casing. The oscillat'able member 15 also is of such form that it may be readily machined and the vanes ll, 83, fitted thereto, the surfaces formed in this member also being a surface of revolution about the axis of oscillation.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown a particular form of the construction diagrammatically shown in Figs. 5, 6, '7. In this embodiment a plurality of sections 9! which, assh'own in Fig; 9, are of U shape are formed with plane faces 93 in angular relation to each other'such that when the sections 9! are placed together in face to face relation these faces 93 extend radially from the axis of oscillation. Sections 91 are provided with flanges 95 adjacently positioned to receive bolts 91 passing therethrough for holding the adjacent sections together, the assembly of sections 9| thus developed forming a complete casing 30. 'After thus being assembled the sections preferably are welded together by welds 99 at the inner as well i as the outer surfaces of the horizontally extending or base portions of the Us and also of the legs of the Us. After/completion of such assembly and welding the casing as a whole may be turned or milled at the inner surface of the Us to form a surface H]! of revolution about the axis of walls I02, suitable packing elements I09 being provided to secure fluid tightness. The vane I03, as shown in Fig. 8, is fitted to the circumferential surface ill of the oscillatable member I65 and is fastened thereto by means of the bolts H2.

' The vane I93 also is secured in place by means of a bolt H3 passing through the vane and through th-echeek walls 101 of the oscillatable member I05. The vane I03 extends outwardly beyond the member with a substantially rectangular meridian outline into the cylindrical chamber provided by the casing 30, suitable packing elements 5 being provided at the exterior surf-ace of the vane to fit against the surface of revolution [0iof the casing 30. In the particular embodiment of Figs. 8 and 9 the vane I03 is provided with rounded corners III to conform to fillets II8 formed in accordance with good practice in the turning or milling of the assembled casing 33 to prevent cracks developing therein.

In the embodiment of Figs. 8 and 9 each section 9| is provided with cooling channels II9 which may be produced by drilling the individual sections 9I at each face thereof before the sections are assembled and welded together. This maybe done so that the passages II9 register at the contacting faces of sections 9| and become continuous to the desired extent circumferentially about the casing 30 for passage of cooling fluid therethrough, suitable means for delivering the fluid toth'ese passages being provided but not forming an essential part of the present invention.

Similarly in the oscillatable member I cooling passages I2I may be formed extending parallel to an axis of oscillation through the body thereof and outwardly in'the cheek Walls I01 as shown in Fig. 9. Cooling fluid may be'supplied to these passages by suitable means not shown.

In Fig. 8 a partition'block II similar to that of Fig. 2 is shown in face to face relation to the adjaceiit sections of the casing 35. This partition block at its inner surface bears on the circumferential surface III of the oscillatable member I55, suitable packing elements I23 being pro vided to secure fluid tightness. The partition block M may be fastened to the casing by a through bolt I25 extending through the cheek walls I52 of the casing 30.

I It will be understood from a consideration of Fig. 1 that the two oscillatable prime mover mem hers I and 3 and the two compressor members GI and 63 are aranged in side by side relation for oscillation on the common axis so' that a com pact prime mover compressor unit is secured. This arrangement of the oscillatable members is accomplished by virtue of the mounting of these members on the concentric cylinders 5 and I ar= ranged one Withih' the other. The cylinder 7 extends about and bears upon the cylinder 5 and the cylinder 5 extends beyond the cylinder I at the'ehds thereof sumeiemi so that upon the cylihder 5 may be mounted at one end thereof the oscillatable prime mover member I and at the other end the oscillatable compressor member GI. At the respective ends Of the outer cylinder 'I are mounted the prime mover member 3 and the oscillatable compressor member 63. It will be uriderstood, therefore, that when fluid pressure is exerted upon the varies of the oscillatable prime mover members I to produce rotating movement thereof, the vanes of the compressor element III act upon the fluid pressure medium in the casing 65 to'compress this medium. simul tane'ous1y the hold pressure acting upon the vanes of the oscillatable prime mover member 3 to move the member in the opposite direction of rotatioh to th member I produces movement of the vanes of the compressor member 63' to effect compression of the fluid pressure medium within the casing 61. The forces producing move inent of the compressor elements are transmitted from the prime mover varies and members through the cylinders E ahd I to the compressor members and varies. These cylinders because of their form and relatively large diameter provide supports for the prime mover and compressor members and their vanes which easily resist defiection transversely of the axis and are particularly suitable for transmitting the torsional forces and for withstanding the reactions to reversal at the ends of the movements of the oscillatable elements within their respective casings while being of relatively light Weight and mass;

In Figs. 10 and 11 is shown a prime mover compressor unit in which a prime mover oscillatable member and high pressure and low pressure oscillatable compressor members are mounted on concentric cylinders I3I and IE3. In this embodiment the cylinder I3I is supported at its end by heads I35 having hubs I3'I fitted with bearing liners I39 bearing on a fixed shaft I II supported in pedestals I 32. The cylinder I33 is caried at the ends thereof by heads I43 formed with hubs I I-5 provided with hearing liners M'I bearing also on the shaft I I I. It will be understood that the cylinders I3I and I33 may oscillate on the shaft I II independently of each other except as they are impelled by the fluid pressure acting on the vanes as about to be described.

As shown in Fig. 10 the prime mover is provided with a casing I5I of cylindrical form within which the vanes I53 reciprocate upon oscillating movement of cylinder I3I. The vanes I53 are fastened to a ring member I55 and to the inner cylinder I3I by means of studs I51, the foot of each vane I53 being set into the peripheral surface of the ring I55 and rigidly held in place by the studs I57.

It will be apparent, therefore, that the ring I55 and the vanes I53 form with the cylinder I3I a member oscillatable upon the axis of the shaft IN. The vanes I53 fit in sliding relation to the cylindrical surface of the casing I5I and the cheek walls thereof in the manner described in connection with Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive except that in the embodiment of Figs. 10 and 11 the cheek walls of the casing I5I extend inwardly fully along the side surface of the vanes I53.

Within the same casing I5I and cooperating with the circumferential surface thereof and the surfaces of the cheek walls a second set of vanes I55 is supported on rings IGI which are laterally adjacent the ring I55, as shown in Fig. 10, and are made fluid type thereto by means of suitable packing elements I63. As shown in Fig. 11 the vanes I59 are set into the surface of both rings IGI and are fastened thereto and to the cylinder I33 by means of studs I65. The vanes I59 and the rings I5I and the cylinder I33, therefore, form a unitary member oscillatable upon the axis of the shaft MI. In order to provide for opposite oscillating movement of the cylinders I3I and I33 and the vanes and rings respectively associated therewith, slots or openings I51 are provided in the cylinder $33 for such portions of the circumferential extent thereof as are required for movement of the studs I5? which, as shown in Figs. 10 and ll, pass through the cylinder I33. 'It will be understood that a fluid pressure medium introduced in the respective spaces IEQ'betWeen the vanes I59 and I53 will produce movement thereof in opposite directions and opposite rotational movement of the cylindersI'3I and I33. V I

Concomitantly a fluid pressure medium in the respective spaces I'II between two vanes I53 and I59 may be compressed and forced from the spaces I'I'I through suitable discharge passages; Subsequently upon introduction of a fluid pres sure medium in the space I?! the vanes I53, I55 at either side thereof will be moved apart toward the positions shown inFig. 11 and the fluid pres? sure medium will be compressed and discharged from the spaces I69. To provide for delivery of a fluid pressure medium to the prime mover unit and for exhaust of the expanded fluid medium valves controlling the fluid medium, pipes I73 are connected to the valve chambers I15 spaced angularly about the casing II of the prime mover. It will be understood that the forces acting on the vanes I53 and I59 producing opposite rotational movement of the cylinders I3I, I39 are balanced in each of the spaces I69, III so that no substantial force is brought upon the casing tending to produce rotational movement thereof.

As shown in Fig. a high pressure compressor casing I8I 'is arranged at the right of the prime mover and a low pressure compressor casing I83 is arranged at the left thereof along the axis of the shaft MI. The arrangement of vanes within the casings I8I and I83 and the mounting thereof on the cylinders HI and I33 is substantially the same as that described in connection with the prime mover. Thus, as shown in Fig. 10, the vane I85 of the high pressure stage is fastened to the cylinder I3I by. means of the middle ring I81 and the stud I89. The vane I9I of the low pressure stage of the compressor isfastened to the cylinder I3I by means of the middle ring I93 and the stud I95. Fastenings not shown similar to the studs I of the prime mover are utilized to fasten the other cooperating vanesof, the

. compressor stages to the laterally disposed rings I91 and I99 and to the outer cylinder I33.

It will be understood in the embodiment of Figs. 10 and 11, as in the embodiment of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, that preferably an even number of vanes is mounted on each of the cylinders I3I and I33 within the same casing. The oppositely acting forces upon the oppositely moving vanes, therefore, are symmetrically produced about the axis of oscillation without substantial reaction on the casing tending to produce rotation thereof. It will also be understood that as a vane I59 moves in separating movement oppositely to a vane I53, this vane I59 moves toward another vane I53 which itself approaches the vane I59. The expansive force of a fluid pressure between two separating vanes, therefore, is cushioned by the compressive force acting on the two approaching vanes. 1 Similar cushioning is secured in the construction of Figs. 1 and 2 by virtue of the reactions in opposite directions brought upon the partition blocks 4|. 1

In the embodiment of Figs. 10 and 11 a mechanism itself not forming part of the invention and comprising a transmission device 29I, a connecting rod 293, a crosshead 205 and a connecting rod 291 connected to the head I43, is provided for adjusting, upon operation of the transmission device, the relative positions of the cylinders I3! and I33 with respect to each other and, therefore, of the vanes respectively carried thereby to secure requisite clearance between the vanes I53 and I59 and between corresponding vanes of the compressor unit. The construction is such as to provide for yielding connection 299 between the parts to permit the relative movement of the oppositely oscillating members.

Although the effective areas of the vanes in the-two side by side chambers in the embodiment disclosed herein are equal, within the scope of the invention variations in such area and in the number of vanes carried by the oppositely oscillating members may be utilized to suit different pressures or other conditions developed in the two members or their homologous chambers or spaces. The construction shown in Figs. 1, 5, 6,

7, 8 and 9 in which the cheek walls of the casing meet the outwardly extending cheek portions of the oscillatible members, if desired, may be used in the prime mover compressor unit of Figs. 10 and 11. Various types of valves for controlling the admissionof the fluid medium to and the discharge thereof from the space between the oppositely oscillating vanes may be utilized. In Fig. 11 are. shown spring actuated poppet valves for the prime mover. In Fig. 10 in the casing I83 grid valves are shown which require only small movement and which cooperate with a stationary grid seating member. All such modifications within the skill of the art which embody the features of the invention are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

. This application is a continuation in part of the copending application Serial No. 590,920, filed April 28, 1945, herein above referred to.

We claim:

1. A fluid pressuremachine comp-rising a plurality of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, fluid pressure responsive elements respectively carried by said oscillatable members for reciprocating movement thereof circumferentiallywith respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective oscillatable members, means .providing a plurality of fluid pressure chambers respectively cooperating with said elements to confine fluid under pressure within each chamber at the respective circumferentially opposite sides of the element therein to act on or to be acted on by said elements concomitantly with said reciprocating movement of said elements and movement of said oscillatable members respectively supporting said elements in opposite directions, and means providing fluid pressure communication between a chamber associated with a given oscillatable member which is at a selected side of the element reciprocatable therein with a chamber associated with another oscillatable member at a selected side of the element reciprocatable therein for substantially equalizing the pressures to which said selected sides of said elements are subjected, said selected sides of said elements being in opposed relation to each other in the direction circumferentially about said axis of oscillation.

2. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, prime mover elements respectively carried by said .oscillatable members for reciprocating movement thereof circumferentially with respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective oscillatable members, means providing a plurality of fluid pressure chambers respectively cooperating with said prime mover elements to confine fluid under pressure within the 'respective chambers to act on said prime mover elements at the respective circumferentially op- ,posite sides thereof for effecting said reciproeating movement of, said elements and movement of the oscillatable members respectively supporting said elements in opposite directions, means providing fluid pressure communication between a prime mover chamber associated with a given oscillatable member at a selected side of the prime mover element reciprocatable therein with a prime mover chamber associated with another oscillatable member at a selected side of the prime mover element reciprocatable therein for substantially equalizing the pressures to which said selected sides of said prime mover elements are subjected, said selected sides of said prime mover elements being in opposed relation to each other in the direction circumferentially about said axis of oscillation, compressor elements respectively carried by said oscillatable members for reciprocating movement thereof oppositely with respect to each other concomitantly with the opposite oscillating movement of said oscillatable members, and means providing a plurality of fluid compressing chambers respectively cooperating with said compressor ele ments to confine fluid within said compressor chambers to be acted on by said compressor elements as said compressor elements and the oscillatable members respectively supporting said ele ments are moved in opposite directions of the oscillating movement thereof upon said axis to eflect compression of said fluid.

3. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 2 in which said oppositely movable prime mover elements and said means cooperating therewith to provide a fluid pressure chamber are positioned in spaced relation along the common axis with respect to said oppositely movable compressor elements and said means cooperating therewith to provide a fluid compression chamber.

4. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of concentric cylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillation thereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, vanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members for reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members, and a casing Cooperating with said vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid pressure chambers at the circumferentially opposite sides of the vanes therein and to confine fluid under pressure within said chambers to act on or to be acted'on by the respective vanes concomitantly with movement of said vanes and said cylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes in opposite directions in the oscillating movement of said members upon said axis.

5. A fluid pressure machine comp-rising a plurality of concentric cylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillation thereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, prime mover vanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members for reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentiaily with respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members, a prime mover casing cooperating with said prime mover vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid pressure chambers at the circumferentially opposite sides of the vanes therein and to confine fluid under pressure within said chambers to act on vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid compressing chambers and to confine fluid within said chambers to be acted on by the respective compressor vanes as said compressor vanes and said oscillatable cylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes are moved .in opposite directions of the oscillating movement thereof upon said axis to effect compression of said fluid.

6. A fluid pressure machine comprising a plurality of concentric cylindrical members one within the other supported for oscillation thereof separately upon the common axis of the cylinders, prime mover vanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members for reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members, a prime mover casing cooperating with said prime mover vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid pressure chambers at the circumferentially opposite sides of the vanes therein and to confine fluid under pressure within said chambers to act on the respective prime mover vanes to move said vanes and said cylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes in opposite directions of oscillating movement of said members upon said axis, compressor vanes respectively carried by said cylindrical members extending outwardly with respect to said axis from the peripheries of said members for reciprocating movement of said vanes circumferentially with respect to said axis concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members, and a compressor casing cooperating with said compressor vanes and said cylindrical members to provide fluid compressing chambers and to confine fluid within said chambers to be acted on by the respective compressor vanes as said compressor vanes and said oscillatable cylindrical members respectively supporting said vanes are moved in opposite directions of the oscillating movement thereof upon said axis to effect compression of said fluid, said compressor vanes and said casing cooperating therewith being positioned in spaced relation along said axis from said prime mover vanes and said casing cooperating therewith.

7. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 6 comprising means carried by the inner cylindrical .member extending outwardly past the outer cylindrical member to support said prime mover vanes and said compressor vanes carried by said inner cylindrical member, said outer cylindrical member being formed toprovide clearance for said outwardly extending means in the opposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members.

8. A fluid pres ure machine comprising a plurality or cscillatable members supported for oscil lation thereof upon a common axis, fluid pressure responsive elements respectively carried by said cscillatable members for reciprocating movement thereof circumierentially with respect to said axis concomitantly with oscillating movement of the respective oscillataole members, means cooperating with said fluid pressure responsive elements of the respective oscillatable members to provide a plurality of fluid pressure chambers respectively associated with said fluid pressure responsive elements to confine fluid under pressure within each chamber at the respective circumferentially opposite faces of the element therein, and conduit means connecting chambers which respectively ,of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, a plurality of fluid pressure responsive elements carried by each of said oscillatable members for reciprocating movement of the elements'of one member circumferentially with respect to said axis oppositely with respect to those of the other member concomitantly with opposite movement of said oscillatable members, a casing cooperating with said fluid pressure responsive elements and said members to provide fluid pressure chambers respectively atthe faces of each of said fluid pressure responsive elements which are opposite to each other in the circumferential direction about said common axis and so that a given face of each element of one of said oscillatable members is disposed toward an opposed face of an element of said other oscillatable member in said circumferential direction, and conduits respectively connecting the chambers at said given face of said elements of said first member with the chambers at the respective opposed faces of the elements of said other member to equalize the pressure in said chambers concomitantly with opposite movement of said oscillatable members.

10. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim I 9 which comprises a conduit carried by at least one of said oscillatable members and extending bet een hOInOlOgolls chambers w ich are circumferentially s aced about said common axis.

11. A fluid pre sure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable members su ported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis. a plurality of vanes carried by each o said oscillatable members for reciprocating movement th reof c rcumfere tia ly with res ect to said axis concomitantly wit the oscillatin movement of the res ective oscillatable members, a casing cooperating with said vanes and said members to provide separate circumferentially spaced fluid pressure chambers separated by walls of said casing in which s id vanes of the res ective member reci rocate upon oscillating movem nt of said members. said casing cooperating with said members and with said vanes in pairs with t e two vanes of each pair being carried by the respective oscillatable members to confine the fluid pres ure in the senarate chambers between said casing walls and the respective faces of the vanes of said pairs which in one member and the other are oppositely disposed with res ect to each other in the circumferential direction about said common axis, and conduit means connecting the chambers confin ing t e fluid at "said oppositely disposed faces for equalizing said pressure on said vanes to subject them substantially to like pressure acting circumferentially o positely concomitantly with the oppositely osci lating mo ement of said members.

12. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis and in side b side relation to each other in the direction along Said axis, a vane carried by each of said members having a'surface thereof extending generally radially with respect to and parallel to said common axis for reciprocating movement thereof circumferentially about said axis concomitantly with the Oscillating movement of the respective members,

a casing extending circumferentially about said members and conforming as a surface of revolution about the common axis to the meridian outlines of said vanes and cooperating with said vanes to form separate fluid pressure chambers in side by side relation in the direction along said axis at either face of each of said vanes, and conduit means connecting the chamber at one face of a vane of one of said members with the chamber spaced along said axis therefrom and at the face of a vane of the other of said members oppositely disposed in the circumferential direction about said common axis with respect to said first face for equalizing the pressure acting on the respective vanes in the opposite oscillating movement of the members.

13. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type comprising a member rotatable on an axis, a vane carried by said rotatable member in a plane extending generally radially and parallel to said axis, and a casing extending about said rotatable member and conforming at least to the outer portion of the meridian outline of said vane, said rotatable member having portions extending about said vane outwardly with respect to said axis to meet said casing and to cooperate therewith and with said vane to confine the fluid for acting on or to be acted on by said vane. 7

14. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type comprising a member rotatable on an axis, a vane carried by said rotatable member in a'plane extending generally radially and parallel to said axis, said member having cheek portions extending outwardly with respect to said axis about the inner portion of the meridian outline of said vane, and a casing extending circumferentially about said rotatable member with respect to the axis of rotation and conforming to the outer portion of the meridian outline of said vane, said casing providing an inner surface over which said outer portion of the meridian outline of said vane moves in sliding movement as said member rotates, said inner surface being a surface of revolution about said axis generated by said outer portion of said meridian outline of said vane, said casing providing cheek walls extending inwardly toward the axis to meet the outwardly extending cheek portions of said rotatable member to enclose a fluid pressure chamber within which said vane moves.

15. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 14 in which said casing is constructed with a plurality of sections of U shape fastened together in face to face relation with the legs of the Us extending inwardly toward the axis of rotation, said sections and said legs thereof providing said surface of revolution about the axis generated by the meridian outline of the vane and providing said cheek wall extending toward said outwardly extending cheek portions of said rotatable member.

16. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 15 in which said U shape sections are provided with fluid passages registering in adjacent sections at the meeting faces thereof to provide for flow of cooling fluid therethrough.

17. A fluid pressure machine of the rotary type as defined in claim 15 in which said sections are welded along the joints of said meeting faces, said surface of revolution being formed in the assembled Welded casing composed of said sections.

18. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis and in side by side relation to each other in the direction along said axis, a vane carried by each of said members having a surface thereof extending generally radially with respect to and parallel to said common axis for reciprocating movement thereof circumferentially about said axis concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the respective members, said surface of said vane of one of said members being disposed in opposed relation toward said surface of a vane of the other member in the circumferential direction about said common axis, a casing extending circumferentially about said members and conforming as a surface of revolution about the common axis to the meridian outlines of said vanes and cooperating with said vanes to form separate fluid pressure chambers in side by side relation in the direction along said axis in which said vanes reciprocate in the oscillating movement of the respective members, and a partition block cooperating with said casing to confine the fluid pressure in said chambers and positioned between said two opposed faces of said vanes to form end walls of said chambers adjacent to the limits of the opposite oscillating movement of said vanes.

19. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 18 which comprises a fluid pressure conduit connecting the spaces of said chambers respectively between said vanes and said partition block for equalizing the fluid pressure confined in said spaces and acting or acted upon by said vanes.

20. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of cylindrical members supported for oscillating movement thereof upon a common axis and one within the other, a vane carried upon the circumferential extent of the inner cylindrical member by a support extending outwardly through an opening formed in the outer cylindrical mem ber, a vane carried upon the outer cylindrical member substantially in the same plane transverse to said common axis of oscillation with said vane carried upon said inner cylindrical member, whereby said vanes concomitantly with the oscillating movement of the respective cylindrical members move toward and away from each other, and a common casing extending about the axis of oscillation and conforming to the surface of revolution generated by the meridian outlines of said vanes to confine a fluid pressure medium between said vanes for change in the pressure thereof concomitantly With opposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members and the vanes respectively carried thereby.

21. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of cylindrical members supported for oscillating movement thereof upon a common axis and one within the other, a prime mover vane carried upon the circumferential extent of the inner cylindrical member by a support extending outwardly through an opening formed in the outer cylindrical member, a prime mover vane of substantially the same meridian outline as said first vane carried upon the outer cylindrical member substantially in the same plane transverse to the common axis of oscillation with said vane carried upon the inner cylindrical member, a common casing extending about the axis of oscillation and conforming to the surface of revolution generated by the meridian outline of said vanes to confine a fluid pressure medium therebetween to produce separating movement of said vanes concomitantly with opposite rotative movement of the respective cylindrical members, a compres sor vane carried upon the circumferential, exten ofsaidinner cylindrical member by a support extending outwardly through an opening formed in the outer cylindrical member, a compressor vane of substantially the same meridian outline as said first compressor vane carried upon the outer cylindrical member substantially in the same plane transverse to said common axis of oscillation with said first compressor vane, and a common casing extending about saidaxis of oscillation and conforming to the surface of revolution generated by the meridian outline of said compressor vanes to confine a fluid pressure medium therebetween for compression thereof concomitantly with the movement of said compressor vanes toward each other as said prime mover vanes move in separating movement.

22. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 21 which comprises means for controlling the delivery of a fluid pressure medium to and discharge of said medium from said prime mover casing between said vanes therein to effect opposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members, and means for controlling delivery of a fluid to be compressed to and discharge thereof from said compressor casing between said vanes therein to effect compression and discharge of said compressed fluid upon opposite oscillating movement of said cylindrical members.

23. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 20 in which said vane carried upon the inner cylindrical member is carried by a ring extending about the common axis and said vane carried upon the outer cylindrical member is carried upon a pair of rings laterally disposed at either side of said first ring and extending about said common axis, and packing mean cooperating with said rings to provide fluid pressure tightness therebetween. 7

24. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 23 in which said laterally disposed rings are arranged adjacent the respective walls of said casing which extend transversely of said common axis along the meridian outlineo'f said vanes, and packing means cooperating with said lateral rings and said casing walls to provide fluid pressure tightness therebetween.

25. A fluid pressure machine comprising a pair of oscillatable members supported for oscillation thereof upon a common axis, a plurality of fluid pressure responsive elements carried by each of said oscillatable members for reciprocating movement of the elements of one member circumferentially with respect to said axis oppositely with respect to said elements of the other member concomitantly with opposite oscillating movement of said oscillatable mem bers, said elements of each member being symmetrically positioned in pairs about the common axis and having substantially the same effective area of the faces thereof transverse to said circumferential direction subjected to the fluidf pressure, pressure confining envelopes cooperating with the elements of the respective members to provide separate fluid pressure chambers within which respectively said elements recipro' cate in the oscillatingmovement of the respective oscillatable members, and means c'ooperat-- ing with said envelopes for simultaneously confining substantially the same fluid pressure with:

in said chambers at the homologous faces of the elements of a given pair of elements recipro catable in one envelope and at the homologous faces of the elements of a pair of elements re ciprocatable in the other envelope which are in opposed relation respectively to said faces of said- 21 given pair concomitantly with opposite reciproeating movements of said elements in said chambers, whereby the reactions of the fluid pressures acting on said elements and exerted upon said envelopes are substantially balanced with respect 5 to each other.

26. A fluid pressure machine as defined in claim 25 in which said envelopes associated with the respective members are rigidly fastened together. I 10 ERNEST MERCIER. MARCEL EHLINGER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 15 file of this patent:

Number Number 22 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Krogstad Sept. 27, 1898 Price Apr. 23, 1912 Mulligan Mar. 23, 1915 Roberts May 3, 1917 Roberts 1 July 24, 1917 Armuth Mar. 30, 1926 Christensen Dec. 20, 1927 Sandberg Feb. 9, 1937 Long Dec. 31, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date 7 Great Britain Dec, 11, 1933 France Mar. 20, 1944