US2566180A - Direct postive photogrpahic color process - Google Patents

Direct postive photogrpahic color process Download PDF

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Publication number
US2566180A
US2566180A US44214A US4421448A US2566180A US 2566180 A US2566180 A US 2566180A US 44214 A US44214 A US 44214A US 4421448 A US4421448 A US 4421448A US 2566180 A US2566180 A US 2566180A
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United States
Prior art keywords
emulsion
developer
image
silver
color
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Expired - Lifetime
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US44214A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fallesen George Earle
Stauffer Robert Eliot
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Publication date
Priority to BE490657D priority Critical patent/BE490657A/xx
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Priority to US44214A priority patent/US2566180A/en
Priority to FR1001737D priority patent/FR1001737A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2566180A publication Critical patent/US2566180A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/485—Direct positive emulsions
    • G03C1/48538—Direct positive emulsions non-prefogged, i.e. fogged after imagewise exposure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photography and particularly to a method of making direct positive color photographs.
  • the photographic emulsion used in the process of our invention is a gelatino-silver halide emulsion such as silver bromide, silver bromoiodide or silver chloroiodide emulsion. It need not contain optical sensitizing dyes although certain sensitizing dyes may be added to it for the purpose of inducing aerial l'o'g, as well as for optical sensitizing.
  • the emulsion should be undigested or if digested, the digestion should be carried out without the use of surface sensitizers.
  • An emulsion of this type isknown as Burtons Emulsion described in Wall Photographic Emulsions, 1927, pages 52 and 53.
  • a further type of emulsion suitable for our process is an internal latent image emulsion described in Davey and Knott U. 3. application Ser. No. 790,232, filed December 6, 1947, now abandoned, of which application Serial No. 82,914, filed March 22, 1949, is a continuation-in-part.
  • Most of the internal latent imagetemulsions are silver bromoiodide of high iodide content, preferably containing at least 10 to 20% of the amount of silver halide as the iodide.
  • Burtons Emulsion is an emulsion of. this type having a silver iodide content ofapproximately 40% of the content of silver halide. It is not absolutely essential, however, for the emulsion to contain silver iodide.
  • An internal latent image type of silver hal- 3 ide emulsion may be defined as one which, when a test portion is exposed to a light intensity scale for a fixed time between ,5 and 1 second and developed for 4 minutes at 20 C. in the ordinary surface developer (Example 1), exhibits a maximum density'not greater than the maximum density obtained when the same emulsion is equally exposed and developed. for 3 minutes at 20 C. in an internal type developer (Example 2).
  • an emulsion of the type described above is exposed to light rays or to a suitable image and is then bathed for approximately seconds to 1 minute in a selectively fogging developer such as those described in Fallesen U. S. Patent 2,497,875, Stauifer U. S. Patent 2,497,817 or Glass and Bichey U. S. Patent 2,507,154. After a brief rinse, the film is placed in an active developer containing a primary aromatic amino developing agent and a color coupler, unless the color coupler is present in the emulsion layer.
  • color couplers used in the developer are of the type described in Glass and Richey U. S. Patent 2,507,154, a positive dye image will be produced and if the couplers are of the phenolic or naphtholic type, a negative dye image will be produced.
  • the selectively fogging developer creates development centers on the surface of the silver halide grains and these are more susceptible to development in the active surface type developer used in the second step, than the development centers created inside the grains by the action of the earlier light exposure.
  • the grains aifected by the light 6X posure are less susceptible to development in the active surface type developer used in the second step, than the development centers created inside the grains by the action of earlier light exposure.
  • the internal latent image type is exposed to light under an image represented as having a transparent portion [2 and an opaque portion l3. This exposure produces an internal latent image at 14 in the emulsion layer I l.
  • Treatment of the exposed element in the selectively fogging developer produces a surface latent image at [5 in the portions of the layers which were not exposed without affecting the internal latent image at 14 as shown in the second stage of the drawing.
  • a treatment of the element in an active color developer reduces the surface latent image to a metallic silver and dye image it as shown in the third stage of the drawing.
  • the remaining silver halide and metallic silver are then removed to leave the dye image I! in the portions of the layer which were unexposed by the original exposure as shown in the final stage of Fig. l of the drawing.
  • Fig. 2 of the drawing illustrates a multi-layer material having a support [3 with superposed emulsion layers [9, 20 and 2! coated thereon.
  • Emulsion layer I9 is a red-sensitive internal latent image emulsion containing a color coupler capable of forming a cyan dye image.
  • Emulsion layer 20 is a green-sensitive internal latent image emulsion containing color coupler capable of producing a magenta dye image.
  • is a blue-sensitive internal latent image emulsion containing a color coupler capable of producing a yellow dye image.
  • the usual yellow filter layer 22 is present between emulsion layers 20 and 2
  • An ordinary surface type developer that is, one which develops an image only on the surface 'of the grains of an internal latent image emulsion is the following.
  • Example 1 p-Hydroxyphenylglycine grams 10- Sodium canbonate, (crystals) -do Water to liter 1 Development time, 4 min. at 20 C.
  • An internal type developer that is, one which develops an image inside the grains of an :internal latent image emulsion is the following:
  • Example 2 Hydroquinone grams 15 Monomethyl-p-aminophenol sulfate do 15 Sodium sulfite (anhyd) do 50 Potassium bromide do 10 Sodium hydroxide do 25 Sodium thiosulfate (crystals) do 20 Water to liter 1 Development time, 3 min. at 20 C.
  • a developer which produces a direct positive image on exposure and development of an internal latent image emulsion as described in axiom-e Active color developers which" may be used to fogging developer are as follows:
  • Example 4 p-Amino diethylanillne HCI grams 2 Sodium sulfite (des.).-- -i dor i 2 Sodium carbonate (anhyd) do 20 2,4-dichloro-l-naphthol -do 3 Sodium hydroxide do 3 Water to 1iter 1
  • Example 5 ip-Amino diethylanilirle FZCl grams 2 Sodium 'sulfite (des.) do 2 Sodium carbonate (anhyd) i do 20 JAcetoacet-2,5-dichloro .anilide Minded 3 Sodium hydroxide headerv3 Water to s -i-- e liter 1
  • Eframple 6 p-Amino diethylaniline HCl grams 2 Sodium sulfite (des.) do 2 Sodium carbonate (anhyd) do 20 p-Nitrophenyl acetonitrile do 3 :Sod
  • An emulsion such as that described in Davey and Knott U. S. application 790,232 was coated on a support, dried and exposed on an Eastman IIb Sensitometer (Jour. Soc. Motion Picture Engineers, vol. 17, 1931, page 536).
  • the exposed film was bathed for 15 seconds at 68 F. in the developer of Example 3 in a shallow tray and after a '5-second rinse in running water was placed immediately in a tank containing one of the developers of Examples i, 5 and 6 for a period of 10 minutes at 68 F.
  • the three developers produced, respectively, silver and cyan, silver and yellow, and silver and magenta dye images.
  • the silver images were then bleached in the usual way and the undeveloped silver salts fixed out to leave dye images in the gelatin.
  • red-sensitive emulsion contained 5-(p-amyl phenoxy benzene sulfonamino-l-naphthol)
  • green-sensitive contained 2-cyano-acetyl-5-(psec. amyl benzoylamino) coumarone
  • blue-sensitive contained N amyl-p-benzoyl ace- .tamino benzene sulfonate. All couplers were dispersed in the emulsions as described in Jelley and Vittum U. S. Patent 2,822,027, granted June 15, 1943.
  • the method of obtaining a direct positive dye image in a silver halide emulsion layer which comprises exposing to light rays to which the emulsion is sensitive, a silver halide emulsion layer a test portion of which upon exposure to a light intensity scale for a fixed time between 1/100 and 1 second and development for 3 minutes at 20 C. in the following internal type developer:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US44214A 1948-08-13 1948-08-13 Direct postive photogrpahic color process Expired - Lifetime US2566180A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE490657D BE490657A (de) 1948-08-13
US44214A US2566180A (en) 1948-08-13 1948-08-13 Direct postive photogrpahic color process
FR1001737D FR1001737A (fr) 1948-08-13 1949-08-10 Perfectionnement aux procédés photographiques d'inversion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US44214A US2566180A (en) 1948-08-13 1948-08-13 Direct postive photogrpahic color process

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BE (1) BE490657A (de)
FR (1) FR1001737A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2885288A (en) * 1954-07-21 1959-05-05 Ici Ltd Colour photographic process
US3647463A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-03-07 Eastman Kodak Co Direct-positive photographic elements containing multiple layers
US4990432A (en) * 1986-09-04 1991-02-05 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having a reflective base and an antihalation layer having a specified thickness

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2885288A (en) * 1954-07-21 1959-05-05 Ici Ltd Colour photographic process
US3647463A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-03-07 Eastman Kodak Co Direct-positive photographic elements containing multiple layers
US4990432A (en) * 1986-09-04 1991-02-05 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having a reflective base and an antihalation layer having a specified thickness

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1001737A (fr) 1952-02-27
BE490657A (de)

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