US2565520A - Calender machine - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet l Y SA Rx C. P. PUTNAM CALENDER MACHINE Aug. 28, 1951 Filed Nov. I5, 1945 o n www@ mund Aug. 28, 1951 c. P. PUTNAM CALENDER MACHINE Filed NOV. 5, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 28, 1951 c. P. PUTNAM CALENDER MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 5, 1945 @ff/:421.55 /D. Pur/YAM u if Y Patented ug. 28, 1951 CALENDER MACHINE Charles P. Putnam, Lock Haven, Pa., assignor to New York and Pennsylvania `Co., Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application November 3, 1945, Serial No. 626,477

13 Claims. l

This invention relates to calender machines for treating webmaterial such as paper.

Speciiically, the invention deals with a tandem supercalender machine receiving web material successively through separate individual nips each defined by different rolls including swingably mounted rolls that can be replaced without stopping the machine.

Heretofore, supercalenders have consisted of a. vertical stack of alternating hard chilled iron rolls and compressed ber or paper rolls. The rolls in the vertical stack had to be maintained in exact vertical alignment, and any wear in the bearings for the rolls, permitting misalignment of the rolls, would result in uneven nip pressures along the lengths of the rolls. Complicated crowning contours for the rolls were also necessary to compensate for sagging of the rolls and for pressure on the roll bearings at the ends of the rolls. The web, such as paper, was passed through this stack type supercalender in a serpentine path to travel through the nips between adjacent rolls. Since the paper rolls were softer than the metal rolls, these rolls would become iiattened and the paper web, passing around each paper roll, would be subjected to stretching action frequently resulting in tearing and bursting of the paper. The stretched paper w'ould then tend to pile up at the next nip and the finish imparted to the paper at the previous nip would be destroyed. Any treatment given in a web in a conventional supercalender was, therefore, definitely limited to how much the web was stretched. In many instances, repeated treatment of the paper in a plurality of nips in a conventional supercalender, therefore, resulted in less nish on the paper than was obtained with only one pass through the iirst nip of the supercalender. In addition, any damage to the paper rolls of the conventional supercalender necessitated a complete stoppage of the machine to replace the damaged roll with a new roll.

The present invention now provides a supercalender machine composed of a plurality of nipdefining rolls arranged in tandem and successively receiving the paper web therethrough. The paper web is not lapped around a calender roll and is, therefore, not subjected to the repeated stretching action previously encountered in conventional supercalenders due to the flattening of the paper rolls. ment of nip-defining rolls makes possible the driving of successive rolls at any desired speed relative to the previous rolls,` thereby accommo- The tandem arrange- 2V dating changes in length of the web and removing any limitation on web treatment due to stretching. If desired, the web can be moistened ahead of Veach succeeding nip without any limitation due to stretching of the sheet because the draw tension of the sheet between nips is easily controlled. The invention also provides an arrangement whereby damaged paper rolls can be quickly replaced without stopping the machine. This arrangement includes a swingable mounting carrying a plurality of paper rolls including the active roll and a spare roll around a backing up roll that can be driven. The spare roll canY be -easily Vswung into active position while being driven at the correct surface speed to replace the active roll, without stopping operations, whenever the active roll becomes damaged. The damaged active roll is swung to a convenient positionV where it can be replaced with a new spare roll. y Y 1 rr Since damaged paper rolls can be replaced without stopping the machine, this invention now-makes it-possible to use a supercalender at the end of a paper making machine to continually receive paper from the machine and to continually supply a supercalendered paper to a reel. Heretofore, supercalenders have not been directly `attached to a paper machine since replacement of damaged paper rolls in the supercalender stack would necessitate stoppage of the entire paper machine.

The supercalendermachines of this invention include a plurality of lower rigid driven rolls'in spaced parallelrelation. Each one of these rolls is driven by a prime mover such as an electric motor, or by any other driveA arrangement which permits selective control of driving speeds. Each lower roll has a rigid pressure roll in spaced superimposed relation. Apair of paper rolls are swingably mounted for rotation about the periphery of eachpressure roll and can' be selectively swung into pressure nip engagement with the lower roll. Controlled amounts of pressure are exertedon each pressure roll to provide the desired nip pressure between each lower roll and its cooperating active paper roll. The web material, such as paper, is passed successively through the nips but does not lap around any of the paper rolls, The lower rolls are driven at speeds which maintain a desired tension on the web material and compensate for any stretching of the material as it passes through the previous nip.

It is, then, an object of this invention to provide a calender machine for web material havchine which permits quick replacement of an active paper roll with a rotating spare roll driven at the correct speed for engaging a traveling 'web passing through the calender.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a supercalender having ber or paper rolls which are not lapped by web material acted thereon and therefore cannot alternately stretch and release the web material even when the rolls are flattened under tremendous pressures.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a calender having an arrangement of active and spare calender rolls that decreases time of replacement of a damaged roll to a minimum.

A specific object of this invention is to provide a calender machine having a lower rigid roll, a pressure roll in spaced relation therefrom, a plurality of calender rolls swingable around the periphery of the pressure roll to be selectively positioned in pressure nip relation with the lower roll.

Another object of this invention is to provide a supercalender having a plurality of nips ywhich are independently controlled and operated.

Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the annexed sheets of drawings which, by Way of a preferred example only, illustrate oneV embodiment of the invention.

On the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevational View of a super calender machine according to this invention,

with parts omitted and with connecting parts for the omitted parts shown in vertical cross section.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary View similar to Figure l but illustrating the parts omitted from Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary transverse cross-sectional view, with parts in end elevation, and with parts broken away, taken along the line III-III of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating operation of a conventional supercalender.

Figure 5 is a comparative diagrammatic view illustrating operation of a supercalender according to this invention.

As shown on the drawings:

The calender machine I!) includes a frame composed of pairs of front and rear upright columns II and front and rear top beams I2 supported by the columns. These columns and top beams provide spaces I 3, I4 and I5 for the supercalender roll mechanism. The frames are mounted on a floor F and can vary to provide the desired number of spaces or operating stations to accommodate the desired number of roll mechanisms. While three such mechanisms have been shown, it should be understood that any number can be used, there preferably being at least two such mechanisms.

Each space I3, I4 and I5 has mounted therein a pair of roll-supporting frames I6 secured to the floor F. These frames I6 support bearing housings I1 rotatably carrying lower driven rolls I8. Each roll I8 is a rigid metal roll having a very hard, preferably chilled iron, peripheral surface.

As shown in Figure 3, each roll |8 is driven by an individual shaft I9 from an individual prime mover such as an electric motor (not shown), or a driver permitting independent control of the speed of each roll.

A doctor blade base support 2|] is mounted between each pair of front and rear frames i@ and swingably carries a doctor blade 2| acting on the periphery of the adjacent lower roll I8.

The columns I| have vertical tracks or ways IIa along the length thereof facing the spaces I3, I4 and I5. The tracks or ways Ila slidably support carriages 22. Threaded rods 23 depend through bosses on the top beams |2 into the spaces I3, I4 and i5 in front of the carriages 22. Nuts 24 cooperate with the top and bottom faces of the bosses on the beams I2 to control the heights of the screw rods relative to the beams S2. Nuts 25 cooperate with the tops and bottoms of bosses on the carriages 22 and are threaded on the rods 23 to control the levels of the carriages in the spaces I3, |4 and I5.

Pressure roll supporting arms 26 are pivoted on the carriages 22 and provide housings 2l for bearings 28 (Figure 3) rotatably supporting the axles of pressure rolls 29. A drive shaft 29a (Figure 3) is provided for each pressure roll so that these rolls can be driven independently at any desired speed.

As best shown in Figure 3, the bearing housing portions 2l of the arms 26 each have a cylindrical flange portion 27a surrounding an axle of the pressure roll 29 and rotatably supporting a surrounding bracket 30. Each bracket 3|] has diametrically opposed outwardly projecting portions carrying split bearing clamps 3| at their outer ends. Each bearing clamp 3| includes pivotedtogether clamping jaws adapted to be tightly clamped around an inserted bearing by means of clamping nut and bolt assemblies as shown.

The split bearing clamps 3| are arranged so that the pressure roll 29 can act directly on a roll carried by the clamp without interference from the bracket 3G. Thus, the clamps float on a bracket 30 and are each composed of a clamp arm Sla pivoted on a pin 32 carried by the bracket 33 and an arm 3H? pivoted to the free end of the arm 3m by means of a pin 33. This pin 33, in turn, is carried by a boss 34 on a rod 35 which is pivoted to the bracket 30 as at 36. Nuts 3l are threaded on the rod 35 to hold the boss 34 outwardly from the bracket 30. A rubber block 38 on the rod 35 abuts the other end of the boss 34 and is held on the rod by means of a nut 3S. A swing bolt il@ is pivoted to an ear provided on the bracket 30 by means of a pin 4I and a nut i2 threaded on the swing bolt 4U thrusts against a pointed washer member 43 on the bolt to draw the free end of the clamp arm 3Ib toward the pin 4|.

Calendar rolls 44 having compressed ber or paper covered peripheries have laterally projecting axles 44a with bearings 45 mounted on the ends thereof. These bearings 45 are seated in the split bearing clamps 3| and are held therein against axial and rotational movement. The axles 44a rotate in the bearings 45. A pair of rolls 44 are thus rotatably mounted on diametrically opposed sides of the pressure roll 29 in peripheral engagement therewith and driven thereby at the correct speed and to engage the traveling web being treated'in the machine. The rolls 44 are stessa Y shafts 46 outside of the arms 26 and mesh with gears 56 on a cross shaft 5| carried by the arms 26. A sprocket 52 is keyed to the shaft 5I and is driven by a chain 53 from a motor-driven sprocket 54. The sprocket 54 is driven by an electric motor 55 in a casing 56 carried by therear arm`v26. The motor is preferably equipped with anelectric brake which will lock the sprocket chain* 53 against movement whenever the motorA is deenerggized. Energization of the motor 55 will drive the sprocket chain 53 to rotate the shaft 5| thereby rotating the shafts 48 through the meshed gears 59 and 49. The rotating shafts 48 will drive the gears 41 to rotate the ring gears 46 andthereby swing the brackets 30 around the* circular flanges 21a of the bearing housings 21. This will swing the calender rolls 44 around the pressure roll 29 to selectively move the calender rolls 44 into the space between the lower'roll I8 and the pressure roll 29. 4 Y

The split bearings caps 3|, being lon diametrically opposite sides of the pressure 'role29 will position a roll 44 on top vof the roll 29 whenever the other roll 44 is in the space between' the rolls I8 and 29. The bearing caps are quickly opened so that the roll 44 on top of the roll 29lcan be removed and replaced with a new roll. The roll 44 on the top of the roll 29 is a spare roll which is quickly shifted into operative position with the lower roll I9 upon energization of the motor 55. ..Each calender roll 44 preferably has-a doctor blade 51 acting thereon to keepgtheperiphery thereof in a clean condition. Thedoctor blades 51 .are mounted on swingable carriages supported from bosses 58 on the arms 26.

Pressure applying arms 59 are pivoted on the carriages 22 above the arms 2'6. These arms 59 are preferably curved to be placed above the spare the worm in casings 6I on the front and rear sides l of the frame so that both rods 69 for the arms 59 of a calender assembly will be actuated together.

A coil spring 62 is positioned between each pressure roll carrying'arm 26 and its pressurearm 59 so that downward pressure exerted on the pres'- sure arm 59 will compress the spring 62 to load the roll-carrying arms 26 and thereby place the bottom or active calender roll 44 into pressure nip relation with the lower roll I8. A link 63v ties the free ends of the arms 26 and 59 together so that the rods 69 may be rotated to raise the arms 59 and carry the arms 26 therewith through the links 63. However, the links 63 have a lost motion connection with the arms 26 so that the pressure I exerted on the spring 62 will be transmitted to the arms 26 and pressure roll 29. Thus the lower ends of the links 63 have elongated slots 63a therein receiving pins 64 on the free ends Aof When the arms 59``raise the links the arms 26.

63 suciently, the pin 64 will be engaged by the bottoms of the slots 63a and the arms 26 will be swung upwardly to move the pressure roll 29 and lower calenderroll 44 away` from the lower roll I8. Conversely, when the screw rods 6U are actuated to force the arms 59 downwardly, the lower calender roll 44 will engage the roll I8 to limit further downward movement thereof and pressure ofthe springs 62 when compressed by the arms 59 will be transferred to the arms 26, roll 29, and lower calender roll 44. The floating bearing caps 3| will permit the roll 29 to press on the periphery of the lower roll 44 and urge the periphery ofthis roll toward the roll I8 without interference, since the rubber washers 38 provided in, each floating bearing cap will be deformed to permit relative movement between the bearing cap and the supporting arm 26. In this manner, the roll 29 acts as a pressure roll or backing up roll forfthe active calender roll 44 and engages the active calender roll 44 along the entire length thereofrto create an even hip pressure between the'roll I8 and lower roll 44.

v-As best shown in Figure 1, a guide roll 65 is mounted adjacent each lower roll I8 and a paper web W passes under each guide roll and thence over the top portion of the lower roll I8. The guide rolls thus cause the paper web W to partially lap around the lower rolls I 8 and travel on these rolls through the nip of each supercalender assembly. The guide rolls 65 are preferably hollow to receive heating or cooling uid therethrough for adjusting the temperature of the web W before it passes through the succeeding nip. Thus, if desired, coolant can be ilowed through the hollow guide rollsk 65 to cool lthe paper or other web material and thereby aid in maintaining a cool nip temperature. Conversely, steam or other heating fluid can be iiowed through the hollow guide rolls 65 to heat the web before it passes through the nips.

Shower pipes 66 extend transversely across the top and bottom faces of the web W in spaced relation therefrom, and are arranged to eject jets of steam, water, or the like for treating the web before it passes through the nips of the supercalender. In many instances it is desirable to meisten the web so that a wet surface will be acted on by the nip of the supercalender.

The web W can be received into the rst supercalender directly from the drier section of a paper machine vand `will pass under the first guide roll 65 and thence through the first nip `provided by the first supercalender assembly.

The web will then pass in succession through the ynips of the succeeding supercalender assemblies and will lastly pass under a guide roll 61 en route to a -reel or winding apparatus. Any

vstretching of the web due to the pressure nip treatments is accommodated by driving the successivev rolls faster to maintain a desired draw tension on the web. Of course, it should be understood that the supercalender machines of this invention can be used as finishing room equipment vand receive web material from a wound roll instead of directly from the paper machine. The supercalender machine, however, can handle continuously moving web material directly from a paper machine to continuously supply a reel or Winder with finished paper. If, during the operation of the calender machine, any one of the pressureroll-driven active fiber rolls 44 becomes damaged, it is merely necessary to operate a` motor M for raising the roll 44 out of pressureengagement with the lower roll v|23 and then operate the motor 55 for swinging the pressure roll. driven spare roll into active position. The motor M is next operated in thereverse direction to place the spare roll into active pressure relation with the lower roll I8. This replacement of a damaged roll thus only requires a very short time and the movement of the web material is not interfered with during the changeover. Since the other calender assemblies will still be active during the changeover of one of the assemblies, a finished web surface will be maintained.

In the diagrammatic showing of Figure 4, there is illustrated a conventional calender stack composed of alternating hard surfaced rolls I8 and ber surfaced or paper rolls 4B' in superimposed vertical alignment. A paper web W enters from the top of the stack and emerges fromV the bottom of the stack after passing aroundthe rolls in a serpentine path. Under the highpressures of a supercalender, the fiber rolls or paper rolls fill will be flattened or depressed at the nips. One fiber roll 44 cooperates with two adjacent hard surfaced rolls to provide two nips successively receiving the paper web. The radii of the rolls at the nip points are designated by the reference characters R. However, the portion of the rolls 44 not subjected to the nip pressure will have a longer radius R so that the peripheral speed of each roll 44 is slower at the nips thereof than at the portion thereof spaced from the nips. Now the web of paper W successively passes between both nips of each roll 44 and is lapped around the roll between the nips. The differences in peripheral speeds of the rolls 44' caused by the difference in radii R and R places a tremendous tensile strain on the web W at each nip. Thus the web W is held at a relatively slow speed in the first nip, and is then stretched as it passes around the roll 44'.'

The roll, of course, will slip somewhat relative to the web but, since the web must lie tightly on the roll to obtain a good finish therefrom, a tremendous strain is placed on the web. The fast-moving web around the radius portion R of the roll is then slowed up at the next nip where the radius is decreased to R and the tension is removed on the web and, if stretched, it tends to pile up at this next nip. From this analysis of the conventional calender stack, it will be seen that considerable operating difficulties are encountered and the Paper weby is subjected to alternately stretching and piling up conditions which interfere with production of a uniform finished surface on the paper. It will also be seen that replacement of a damaged fiber or paper roll 54' in a vertical stack is quite diicult and requires stoppage of operation.

In the diagrammatic view of Figure 5 the supercalender assembly of this invention is illustrated, from which it will be noted that the web W does not lap around the flattened fiber or paper roll 44 and is therefore notl subjected to the stretching and piling up conditions met by the web W in the conventional calender stack. The web W only laps the lower roll I8 and is carried thereby through the single nip of the assembly. Since, of course, the assembly Ais followed in tandem with other assemblies of the same type, the web can receive as many nip treatments as in a vertical stack and never be subjected to the undersirable conditions encountered in a vertical stack.

The flattened conditions of the rolls 44 and 44 inthe diagrammatic views of Figures 4 and 5 are somewhat exaggerated beyond actual operating conditions, but' the diagrammatic views are merely for thel purpose of. illustrating the conditions that` actually are encountered in operation of the conventional supercalender stack of rolls and the supercalender assembly of this invention.

It will, of course, be understood that various details of construction may be varied through a Wide range without departing from the principles of this invention and it is, therefore, not the purpose to limit the patent granted hereon otherwise` than necessitated by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. A calender machine adapted for treating paper comprising a rst roll, fixed bearings rotatably supporting said first roll, a drive for said first roll, uprightsupports adjacent said first roll, carriages shiftably mounted on said upright supports, roll-carrying arms pivoted on said carriages, a pressure-applying roll rotatably carried by said arms, pressure-applying arms pivoted on said carriages above said roll-carrying arms, compression springs between the pressure-applying arms and roll-carrying arms, means for swinging said pressure-applying arms to compress said springs for loading said roll-carrying arms, and a plurality of calender rolls swingably mounted around the periphery of said pressureapplying roll for selective shifting into operative relation with the rst roll whereby pressure applied to said roll-carrying arms will be transmitted through the pressure-applying roll and active calender roll to create a pressure nip between the active calender roll and the first roll.

2. A calender machine adapted for treating paper comprising a first roll, fixed bearings rotatably supporting said rst roll, a pressure roll, bearings rotatably supporting said pressure roll, shiftable housings carrying said bearings, cylindrical nanges on said housings, brackets rotatably mounted on said han-ges, a plurality of split r bearing clamps carried by each bracket, a plurality of calender rollers having bearings removably clamped in said split bearing clamps, yieldable means accommodating swinging movement of the split bearing clamps relative to said brackets, means for rotating said brackets around the cylindrical anges of said bearing housings to selectively position the rollers into nip-defining relation with the first roll, and pressure means for loading the bearings for the pressure-applying roll to urge said pressureapplying roll toward said first roll and thereby maintain a roller in pressure nip relation with the first roll.

3. In a pressure roll assembly adapted for Vtreating paper, a rst roll, a pressure-applying roll spaced from said first roll, means for shifting said pressure-applying roll toward and away from said first roll, a plurality of rollers swingably mounted around the periphery of said pressure-applying roll, split bearing clamps mounting said rollers relative to the pressure-applying roll, and yieldable means accommodating movement of Said split bearing clamps relative to the pressure-applying roll whereby pressure exerted on the pressure-applying roll will be transferred through the periphery of the roll to the periphery of the rollers for creating a nip pressure between a roller and the first roll.

4. In a pressure roll assembly adapted for `treating paper, a pair of opposed bearing housings having cylindrical mounting portions, bearings in said housings, a pressure roll rotatably carried by said' bearings, brackets rotatably mounted around said cylindrical portions of the bearing housings, a plurality of bearing clamps carried by each bracket, each bearing clamp having a first clamping jaw pivoted to the bracket, a second clamping jaw pivoted to the first clamping jaw, clamping means for drawing the jaws together, and yielding means connecting the pivot between the jaws with the bracket, a plurality of rollers rotatably supported around the periphery of said pressure roll by said bearing clamps, and means for simultaneously rotating said brackets to selectively shift the rollers into and out of active position.

5. A calender machine adapted for treating paper comprising a plurality of rolls arranged in spaced tandem relation, a frame having upright columns adjacent each of said rolls, carriages movable on said columns, means on said frame for raising and lowering said carriages, roll-carrying arms pivoted on said carriages,

, pressure rolls rotatably carried by said roll-carrying arms, pressure-applying arms pivoted on said carriages above said roll-carrying arms, compression springs between the pressure-applying arms and roll-carrying arms, links connecting the pressure-applying arms and the roll-carrying arms and accommodating limited relative movement between the arms, means on said frame for swinging the pressure-applying arms to load said springs and to raise the links for raising the roll-carrying arms, brackets rotatable about the axis of said pressure rolls and supported by said roll-carrying arms, a plurality of calender rolls rotatably mounted in said brackets and including an active calender roll in pressure nip relation with each tandem roll and a spare calender roll on the opposite side of the pressure roll, and means for shifting said brackets to move the spare calender rolls into operative position with the tandem rolls.

6. in a paper calendering machine, a frame, a roll journaled in said frame for rotation about a xed axis, means for driving said roll by power, a pressure roll spaced from said rst-mentioned roll, bearing support means for said pressure roll mounted on said frame for adjustable movement toward and from said rst roll, means for adjustably moving said bearing support means and pressure roll toward and from said first roll, spaced bracket members mounted adjacent opposite ends of said pressure roll for adjustable movement about the axis thereof, bearing members mounted in said brackets for movement toward and from said pressure roll, a plurality of calender rolls journaled in said bearing members, power means for adjustably moving said bracket members about the axis of said pressure roll to selectively position said calender rolls between said pressure roll and said flrst roll to cooperate with said first roll and provide a calender nip therebetween, and means cooperating with said means for adjustably moving said pressure roll toward and from said flrst roll, including yieldable means urging said pressure roll toward said first roll and yieldably engaging said calender roll with said rst roll, and means for rotatably driving said pressure roll.

7. In a paper calendering machine, a frame, a roll journalled in said frame for rotation about a iixed axis, means for driving said roll by power, a pressure roll journalled in said frame, bearing support means for said pressure roll mounted for adjustable movement toward and from said flrst roll, means for adjustably moving said bearing support means toward and from said flrst roll including means yieldably urging said pressure roll toward said flrst roll, spaced bracket members mounted adjacent opposite ends of said pressure roll for adjustable movement about the axis thereof, bearing clamps pivotally mounted in said bracketmembers for movement about axes parallel to theaxis of rotation of said bracket members, means'for restraining pivotal movement of said bearing clamps, bearing members mounted in said bearing clamps for ready removal therefrom, a plurality of calender rolls journaled in said bearing members, means for adjustably moving said bracket members about the axis of said pressure roll to selectively position said calender rolls between said pressure roll and said rst roll, to cooperate with said first roll and provide a calender nip therebetween, and means for driving said calender roll at the peripheral speed of vsaid rst roll, comprising means for rotatably driving said pressure roll.

`8t A calender machine adapted for treating a paper web comprising a flrst rigid roll mounted forrotation about a xed axis, a second rigid roll in spaced relation from said first roll and mounted for rotation about a shiftable axis, a plurality of calender rolls, two laterally spaced brackets mounted for rotation about the axis of said second roll, bearings for said calender rolls, support members for said bearings pivoted to said brackets for movement about axes offset from the center thereof, yieldable means restraining pivotal movement of said support members, means for swinging said calender rolls to selectively position one of the calender rolls between the first and second rolls, and means for applying pressure on the ground roll to create a pressure nip between the rst roll and the adjacent calender roll.

9. A calender machine adapted for treating paper comprising a flrst roll, fixed bearings rotatably supporting said rst roll, a second roll, shiftable bearings rotatably supporting said second. roll, support means for said bearings, means for shifting said support means and bearings and moving said second roll toward and from said flrst roll, rotatable brackets pivotally mounted adjacent opposite ends of said second roll for movement about the axis thereof, a plurality of spaced calender rolls journaled on said brackets for movement about said second roll to position one of said calender rolls between said rst and secondrolls, the-means for journaling said calender rolls on said brackets including detachable bearing supports, means for mounting said bearing supports formovement toward and from said second roll, yielding means restraining movement of said bearing supports, and means for adjustably moving said brackets about the axis of said second roll and thereby selectively positioning one of said calender rolls between said flrst and second rolls to cooperate with said rst roll and provide a calender nip.

10. A roll assembly adapted for treating paper comprising a driven roll, a pressure-applying roll in spaced relation from said driven roll, means for shifting said pressure-applying roll toward and away from said driven roll, brackets rotatably mounted around the axis of said pressureapplying roll, roller-supporting bearing clamps pivotally connected to opposite ends of said brackets for movement with respect thereto about axes offset from the centers thereof, means yieldably restraining movement of said clamps, calender rolls detach'ably journaled in said clamps. and means for pivotally 'movingv said brackets and' moving said calender rolls about the periphery of said pressure-applying roll to selectively position a calender roll in nip relation with said driven roll and pressure-applying roll. `1l. A calender machinefor calendering paper comprising a hard surfaced roll,l a drive for said roll, 'means for lapping a paper web partially around said roll to be' driven thereby, 'a pressure-applying roll spaced from said ro'll, a drive for said pressure-applying roll, a bracket adjacent each end of said pressure-applying roll journaled for rotation about the axis of said pressure applying roll, each bracket having portions extending radially `beyond the periphery of said pressure-applying roll at circumferentiallyl spaced apart points of said periphery, quick opening' bearing clamps on said extending 'portions of said brackets, paper rolls releasably `journaled in said bearing clamps, means mounting said bearing clamps on' said brackets for movement of said paper rolls toward and away from the periphery of said pressure-applying roll, means for swinging said brackets tov move a spare paper rollaround said pressure-applying roll into position between said pressure-applying and driven rolls, and means for loading the pressure-applying roll to press a paper roll between said pressure applying and driven rolls.

12. In a paper'calendering machine, a first roll journaled for rotation about a fixed horizontal axis, power means for driving said'rst roll, a pressure roll spaced above said first roll in parallel horizontal relation with respect thereto, vertically Vadjustable, support means for said pressure roll, means for adjustably moving said support means toward and' from said rst' roll,

bracket members mounted adjacent opposite ends of said pressure roll for rotatable movement about the axis thereof, said` bracket ymembers each having portions` extending beyond the periphery of said pressure roll at circumferentially spaced points, roll bearing'r supports movably carried by said brackets, pairs of said roll bearingl supports being aligned at'opposite ends of the pressurel rolls, a calender'roll journaled for rotation in each'pair ofV saidlroll bearing supports and movable therewith toward andl away from the periphery, of said pressure roll, and means selectively operable to rotatably move said brackets about the Yaxis of said pressure roll to selectively position a calender roll between said first roll andsaid'pressure roll'to cooperate therewith for forming two calender nip's. 4

173. In a paper calendering machine, a first rolljournaled for rotation, power means for driv- 12 ing said first roll, a pressure roll spaced from said i'lrst roll, bearing support means for said pressure roll, means for adjustably moving said bearing support means and pressure roll toward and away from saidl first roll, spaced bracket members mounted adjacent opposite ends of said pressure roll for adjustable movement about the axis thereof, said bracket members having portions extending beyond the periphery of said pressure roll at a plurality of circumferentially spaced points on said pressure roll, bearing supports pivotally mounted on said brackets adjacent the outer ends thereof for movement about axes parallel to the axis of rotation of said pressure roll, said bearing supports being movable toward and away from said pressure roll, means restraining said movement of said bearing supports, a plurality of calender rolls journaled in said bearing supports, power means for adjustably swinging said bracket members about the axis of said pressure roll to selectively position said calender rolls between said first roll and said pressure roll to cooperate with said rolls and provide two calender nips, andy means cooperating with said means for adjustably moving said pressure roll toward said rst roll for urging said pressure roll toward said first roll and exerting a predetermined pressure on said calender roll therebetween.

CHARLES P. PUTNAM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patenti UNITED. STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 40,265 Jones Oct. 13, 1863 56,682 Wright July 24, 1866 101,532 Soley et al. Apr. 5, 1870 494,904 Story Apr. 4, 1893 555,385 Linton Feb. 25, 1896 1,145,880 Clark July 13, 1915 1,482,729 Pinder Oct. 17, 1922 1,600,119 Macklin Sept. 14, 1926 1,622,744 Stiefel Mar. 29, 1927 1,714,261 Egan May 29, 1929 1,915,865 Oberdor'fer June 27, 1933 2,300,994 Thiele et al. Nov. 3, 1942 2,367,778 Hornbostel Jan. 28, 1945 2,886,584 Berry4 Oct. 9, 1945 FOl'tEIGrN-v PATENTS Number Country Date 8,158 Great Britain 1884 21,858 Great Britain 1895 413,834 Great Britain July 26, 1934

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