US2562442A

US2562442A - Compact steam generator

Info

Publication number: US2562442A
Application number: US690538A
Authority: US
Inventors: William H Attschuler; Woynar Basil
Original assignee: Comb Engnineering Superheater
Current assignee: Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority date: 1946-08-14
Filing date: 1946-08-14
Publication date: 1951-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 1968-07-31

Description

July 31 i951 w. H. ATTscHULER ET A1. 2,562,442

COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 14, 194e As/z. Wow/AQ AND W/LL/AM H. ATTscl-/ULEQ INVENTORS Y July 31 1951 w. H. ATTscHULER ET AL. 2,562,442A

COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 14, 1946 BAS/L WoYNA/Q AND WIL/.mm H. ATTSCHULER INVENTORS July 3i, T951 W. H. ATTSCHULER ET AL COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 14, 1946 f f l 0@ Mw vn OA WH. bm 5u. w

INVENTORS my 339 3953 w. H. ATTscHULER ET AL 2,562,442

COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR Filed Aug. 14, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 j j BAS/L wos/NAR AND, W/LL/Am H. ATTscHL/Lee INVENToRs July 3l l951 I w. H. ATTscHuLER ETAL 2,562,442

` COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR Filed Aug. 14, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 @ad/ani' col/s before bena/mg to ectangular loop shape A Pfg 71 E BAsu. WoYNAR AND WILLIAM H. ATTS-CHULER NVENTORS A July 3l 1951 w. H. ATTscHULER ET AL, 2,562,442

COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR Filed Aug. 14, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR Patented July 3l, 1951 COMPACT STEAM GENERATOR' William H. Attschuler and Basil Woynar, Chicago,

Ill., assignors to Combustion Engineering- Superheater, Inc., a corporation of vDelaware Application August 14, 1946, serial No. 690,538

3 claims. (orizz- 250) 'I'he present invention relates to steam generators and particularly to a forced circulation boiler of high capacity especially adapted for use `in supplying steam for car heating and similar purposes in a train.

The invention contemplates a boiler based upon the controlled forced circulation principle and operating at such Water velocities and steam evaporating rates as to minimize scaling of the internal surfaces of the boiler, thus making it especially suited for use on rail lines where the water supply is of poor quality.

A feature of the present invention is the pro- Vision of a boiler which is of simple and compact construction despite its high steam generating capacity.

A second feature is a boiler having a convection section surrounding a furnace section on four sides and comprising a series of coils half of which may be dismounted as a unit to aifor access to the furnace tubes.

Another feature resides in a boiler construction in which the convection section may be dismounted as a unit to afford ready access to defective furnace tubes to permit removal for replacement or repair without disturbing other furnace tubes.

The invention will be best understood upon consideration of the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment thereof when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: n

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a steam generating boiler embodying the present invention, parts being broken away to illustrate details of construction.

Figure 2 likewise is a perspective view with half of the convection surface and casing parts removed to afford access to the furnace wall tubes.

Figures 3 and 4 are sectional elevations on the correspondingly designated section lines in Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a sectional plan view ofthe boiler as viewed on the line 5-5 in Figure 4.

Figures 6 and 7 are respectively a plan and elevational view of one of the furnace wall coil units which is shown before it is shaped for installation in the furnace.

Figures 8 and 9 are plan and elevational views respectively of one of the convection tube coils before it is bent to shape for installation around the boiler furnace.

The steam generator of the present invention comprises a furnace I0 provided in its top wall with the burners l2 for introducing fuel. All

four side walls of the furnace are completely lined with steam generating tubes I3 from vthe upper part of the furnace near the burners to adjacent the bottom of the furnace. As described later these tubes are formed intov coils 3| to` 38 with the lowermost coil resting upon refractory blocks I4 located at the corners of the furnace land spaced to provide therebetween a series of gas outlets I5, one in each side wall of the furnace chamber at its base. Above the supporting refractories I4 the furnace wall tubes I3 are enclosed within a steel plate I6 or other jacketing baille separating the furnace chamberQl Il from the convection passes |1 of the boiler. y `At their upper ends the gas passages |1 connectfwithindividual otake stacks I8, one at each ofuytwo diagonally opposite corners of theboler. "Located 'in the convection passes l1 are a series of steam generating tubes formed into roughly V- shaped coils designated 2| to 28. Feed waterfoi` the boiler is supplied by a pump 20 to apairof horizontally disposed

headers

30 and 40 which appear at the right hand side of Figures 4 and 5 and the left hand side of the perspective views, vFigj ures 1 and 2. Each of the vertically disposed convection coils 2| to 24 is connected at one end to the header 30 while the remaining coils 25 lto 2 8 are connected at one end to the header Ill).l

All of these coils 2| to 28 comprise a seriesof parallel tube sections superimposed in a vertical plane 'and interconnected for serial fluid flow shown'in Figure 9 by closely coupled integrally forged return bends 5| or loosely coupled bends or U-loops 53 formed from the tubes. A The re-,A

turn bends 5| and loops 53 alternate serially with respect to fluid flow and are located first atthe right and then the left side of the coil so that y part of the coil may in effect be folded back and nested within the remainder due to the widespacing of the'l'oops receiving closely coupled tubes so that the inlet and outlet 6| of the Coillllay,

both be located at the top part thereof. Subsc-1 quent to joining of the tubes to form thisH grid!- like coil, the inlet and outlet ends 60 and 5|,

thereof are bent in the same direction atl an angleof approximately 45 and the whole'coilis, then bent at approximately the middle thereof on la Vdegree angle thereby forming the v -jshaped coils which appear in plan in Figure 5. The ends,

60 and 6| project outwardly in vopposite directions for connection respectivelyto thewater headers 30 lor 40 and tothe inlet ends 65 of, thel furnace wall coils 3| to 38 through intermediate.

connector tubes 4| to 4B leading thereto asw'ill be described.

The furnace wall coils 3I-38 before shaping to the rectangular contour of the furnace appear as shown in Figures 6 and '7, each comprises three parallel tubes 63 interconnected for series fluid flow by a pair of return bends 64 with projecting inlet and

outlet end sections

65 and 66 bent at 45 angles. The furnace wall tubes are then bent to form a square loop as is most clearly shown in Figure 2 with the inlet and outlet sections disposed one above the other in parallel relation as shown in Figures 1 to 5. The outlets 66 connect with the collecting header 68. The inlet end 65 of each furnace coil is connected to the lower end of a connector tube 4| to 48` leading from and connected at its upper end to the. outlet end 6| of one of the convection coils 2|l to 28. Thus there are eight completely independent circuits through the boiler each. leading from one of the water inlet headers or 4l) through a convection coil 2|-28 andi then` via connecting tubes 4| to 4Kto a coil 3| to 38 lining the furnace wall and from the4 outlet ends 66 o fthe latter into the collecting header 68". Oriflced members of different sizes may bel embodiedin the inlet portions 66 of the coils 2| to 28 for restricting or controlling now toeffect a desired distribution of water among the circuits.

The construction described above isfor ahigh steam generating.. surface which has been com'- pressed. into a. relatively small space due to the special. formation. of the coils 34a-38 lining the furnace walls and the specially shaped convection coils 21A- 2B which lie. between the furnace and the outer wallof the boiler. Despite the enclosure of the furnace wall tubes within the convection bank,. access may readily be had to all of the furnace wall tubes-3| to 3B for inspection or to repair or replace a damaged coil. The convection section oi the boiler and the enclosing casing are divisible on a diagonal line A (Figure l) so that half of the casing and convection section may be detached from its remaining half and thereby afford access to the coils 2| to 24 that form the furnace wall along the two contiguous sides as appears in Figure 2. To effect this separation of half of the casing and the enclosed convection surface and related water inlet header or 30 the casing plate 8|) and 8| enclosing the collecting header are removed to afford access to the joints of the connector tubes 4| to 48 with thel convection and radiant coils. It is necessary only to break the joints 69 (Figure 4) between the inlet ends..65 of half the radiant coils (as 3| to 34) and the lower ends of the connecting tubes 4| to 44 leading from the convection coils 2l-'24l The connecting tubes 4| to 44 remained joined to the outlets 6| of the related convection coils 2|-24 and are moved with them away from the furnace wall. Externally of the boiler, the only connection which has to be broken is that between thewater feed line 83 and the related` inlet header 30 or 4'0. When either half of the convection surface has been removed as described above, and baffle plate I6 dismounted any one of the four superposed radiant coils (as 2|-24) on that side of the boiler may be separately removed simply by breaking the connection between its outlet end 66 and the collecting header 68, the inlet ends 65 of these coils being no longer attached because of the removal of the related connecting tubes (as 4| to 44) with the associated convection coils (3l-34).

Although details of construction, such as casing parts, clips, spacers and supports for the tubes and coils have not been described in detail 4 it is to be understood that such elements are provided where required.

What we claim is:

1. In a boiler; means forming an elongated furnace chamber rectangular in cross-section and a pair of surrounding gas passages parallel to its major axis of generally V-shape one at each side of a diagonal through said chamber and in communication with the latter at one end thereof; a plurality of convection heated elements comprising tubing looped to form a coil with parallel reaches extending back and forth across the gas passages throughout the length thereof and each coil being bent to generallyy V-shape and having its inlet and outlet portions projecting outwardly7 from the related gas passages at opposite ends of said diagonal of the furnace chamber; water supply header means disposed exteriorly of said gas passages at one end of said diagonal of the furnace and connected to the inlet ends of said convection coils; a plurality of radiantly heated steam generating units lining the wall of said furnace'each comprising tubing shaped to form a rectangular coil conforming to the wall contour of said furnace and having both inlet and outlet leads projecting laterally from the coil at one corner thereof located at the opposite end of said diagonal of said furnace; tubular means interconnecting the outlet ends of each convection coil at said opposite end of said furnace diagonal to the inlet end of one of said furnace coils; and a fluid collecting header extending parallel to the main axis of the furnace along the corner at that end of the diagonal of the furnace from which the leads to said furnace coils project and connected to the outlet ends of said furnace coils.

2. In an upright boiler; means forming an elongated furnace. chamber and a surrounding gas passage paralleling its vertical axis and in communication with the latter at one end there of a plurality of convection coils located in said passage in nested relation transversely thereof each comprising tubing bent to fit transversely against approximately half of the wall of said chamber transversely thereof and having inlet and outlet portions projecting outwardly from the gas passage at opposite sides of said furnace chamber; water supply means disposed exteriorly of said gas passage at one side of the furnace and connected to the inlet ends of said convection coils; a plurality of radiantly heated steam generatingcoils lining the wall of said furnace each comprising tubing shaped to form a coil conforming to the entire interior wall contour ci' said fur-` nace and having both inlet and outlet leads projecting laterally from the coil at the opposite side of said furnace; tubular means interconnecting the outlet ends of each convection coil to the inlet end of one furnace coil; and a fluid collecting header extending parallel to the vertical axis of the furnace along the edge at said opposite side of the furnace from which the leads to said furnace coils project and connected to the outlet ends of said furnace coils.

3. In a boiler; means forming an elongated furnace chamber and in communication with one end thereof a pair of gas passages, one extending at each side of said chamber parallel to its major axis and complementing each other to substanf tially surround said chamber; convection heated coils mounted in said gas passages in nested relation from the inner to the outer walls thereof comprising tubing'I bent to conform to the contour of the cross section of the gas passage in which it is located so that the coils in the two passages substantially ll said passages and complement each other to substantially surround said furnace chamber, said coils having their inlet and outlet portions projecting outwardly from the related gas passages at opposite sides of said furnace chamber; Water supply header means disposed exteriorly of said gas passages at one side of said furnace and connected to the inlet ends of said convection coils; a plurality of radiantly heated steam generating units lining the wall of said furnace each comprising tubing shaped to form a coil conforming to the entire inner Wall contour of said furnace and having inlet and outlet leads projecting laterally from the coil at the side of said furnace opposite to that at which said water supply header is located; tubular means disposed at said opposite side of said furnace interconnecting the outlet ends of each convection coil to 20 212011618 the inlet end of one of said furnace coils; and a iluid collecting header extending parallel to the main axis of the furnace along the side from which the outlet leads of said furnace coils project and connected to the outlet ends of said furnace coils.

WILLIAM I-I. ATTSCI-IULER.

BASIL WOYNAR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references Vare of record in the le oi this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,814,605 Mayr July 14, 1931 2,635,879 Gleichmann Mar. 31, 1936 2,086,647 Sterrick July 13, 1937 La Mont May 21, 1940