US255942A - Machine for hulling and ginning cotton - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet i.

W. L. CR'OWSON.

MACHINE PoR HULLING AND GINNINGIGOTTON, 6m.

(No Model.)

I Patented Apr. 4. 882.

l n. i

3 Sheets-Sheet 24 (No Model.)

W. L. CROWSON.

MACHINE FOR HULLING AND GINNING COTTON, (50.`

Patented Apr.`4,188 2. l

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet W. L. CROWSON.

MAGHINE FOR HULLING AND GINNING COTTON, &c. No. 255,942. Patented Ap1-.4,1882.

s UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'WILLIAM L. CROWSON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

MACHINE FOR HULLlG AND GINNING COTTON, SLC.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,942, dated April 4, 1882,

Application Filed May 7, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLLAM L. GnowsoN, of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Hulling and Grinning Cotton and Linting Cotton-Seed,0f which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making partof this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view with part of the breast and brush-chamber broken away. Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse section ofthe circumferentially-grooved roller and part ofthesaw-cylinder. Fig. Sis adetaillongitudinal section of part of the grooved roller and saw-cylinder enlarged. Fig. 4 isadetal ofsawstrip in course of construction, and Fig. 5 is a view of same toothed and curved to tit the saw drum or cylinder. Fig. 6 is atransverse section of the saw-strip at a: Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the machine with part of the breast broken away. Fig. 8 is a side view of' the tinted roller that turns in the bottom of the cotton-box. Fig. 9 is a section ot same at x a', a portion ot' the frame and shaft and the pulley being removed. Fig 10 is an end elevation of the machine. Fig. 1l is=a vertical transverse section of the machine at x2 m2, Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is an elevation ofthe right breasthead, showing the adjustable hearings of the rollers. Fig. 13 is a section at w3 w3, Fig.-12. Fig. 14 is an enlarged horizontal section at x4 x4, Fig. l2. Fig. 15 is anenlarged vertical rsection at x5 m5, Fig. 12. Fig. 16 is a top view ofthe double-grooved idler-pulley and its supporting-bracket, and Figs. 17 and 18 are respectively side and end views of same.

Fig. 19 is a vertical section at x6 w, Figs. 1 and 7. Fig. 20 shows the mechanism l'or drivingthe grooved roll and the rolls above it, the

view being a section 011 line a x7, Fig. 7. Fig. 21 isau .end view of the breast. Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the lever for the adjustrollers above it.

vThe case'has 'ends A, front B, back C, and top D. Eis `the breast, which is hung to the heads F F by meansof studs g projecting outwardly fromtlle upper partof the metal straps G, that form the ends of the breast. The breast is held in position by gravity. It may be turned upward or lifted from tle machine.

The frame-work ot' the machine is shown at H. I claim no novelty in this frame-work.

I is the saw-shaft,carrying a driving-belt pulley, J, as usual, a brush-belt pulley, K, and spur-whcel L.

t' are end screws for the lateral adjustment of the saw-shaft.

I will now describe the novel construction of my saw-cylinder. It has a cylinder, M, of wood or other suitable material, to whose circumference the saw-strips N are attached by screws. Each saw-strip extends around or a portion of the circumference of the drum M, and such strip consists ot' a piece of angle-steel. One of the flanges nis thinner at the edge, and this lange is formed into teeth. (See Fig. 4.) Then the other [lange or base, n, is curved to t the circumference of the cylinder or drumM. (Sec Fig.5.) Theangen'hasscrew-holestoreceive screws a2, by which the strip is attached to the cylinder. By this construction of saw-strips and means ot' attachment I am enabled to x the saws securely upon the cylinder at very much less distance apart than is feasible with the ordinary construction, such nearness being admissible and proper to my system of ginning cotton, in which a circumferentiallygrooved roller, I?, is' substituted for the fixed ribs in common use. lIhe whole length ofthe sawteeth does not enter the grooves p; butthe interdental gaps extend beyond the peripheries of the circumferential ribs p', so that a single bunch of cotton fiber may extend along the cylinder and roller past several saw-teeth and ribs without breakage orbeing drawn out of the teeth.

In this systcmof ginning the saws may be placed so near together that the cotton-seeds i dinary practice, in which the cotton :ber is drawn through narrow slits between tixcd ribs, which necessitates that the saws should be so far asuuder that the teeth of two different saws will'not take a fast hold of the same bunch of bers, because this would lap the bunch over IOO a rib and cause the breakage of the fibers and consequentdeteriorationof thecotton. there fixed ribs are used the saws are generally set 5 p may be about three thirty-seconds ofan inch in width, so that no cotton-seeds will pass through them, and the ribs papproaeh so near the sawcylinder that there is not space for the passage of cotton-seeds at this point when the Io parts are in position for ginning or linting.

I prefer to make the edges of the ribs p with notches or serrat'ions to enable them to take a better hold upon the cotton-seed. The seed, when denudedofcotton fiber, drops from V the cotton-roll and escapes between the sawcylinder and the iiuted roller Q and out through the seed mouth or chute E beneath the breast of the machine. The luted roller Q assists the escape ot' seeds by carrying them 2o toward the mouth E', and also assists the revolution of the cottonroll. In addition tothe above, the'uted roller throws the cotton upon the face of the saw-cylinder, where the sawteeth engage the ber where there is any upon the seed 5 but where the seed is devoid ofliber it drops from the saweylinder and escapes between the cylinder and the tluted roller. I prefer to make the flutes or grooves gin this roller large enough to receive a cotton-seed when devoid of fiber, so that it may carry the clear seed out when the machine is usedfor alinter.

K is a grooved pulley on the saw-shaft I,

connected bya belt, R, with the pulley Q upon the gudgeon or shaft of the tluted roller Q.

(See Fig. l0.) The belt R passes over an idler or tightening pulley, S, which has bearing on a bracket, S', that is slotted at s 'for the passage ofa bolt or bolts, s', by which it is sevcuredto the frameH. By moving the bracketV 4o backward the belt It is tightened, and ,vice

versa. The shaft of roller Q has bearing in boxes T, that have forward and backward adjustment in slotsfof the heads F and F. The boxes T are held and adjusted by screws U,

which screw in lugs T beneath the boxes.

The screws turn in bearings t, which prevent its endwise movement, but allow it to turn freely. Upon the outer side of each box T is a projection, t', against which the lower edge 5o ofthe breast rests, and which holds the breast the required distance from the roller Q, the lower end ofthe breast being held in by its weight. t

The spur-wheel L upon the saw-shaft I engages with a spur-wheel, V, upon a short shaft,

V', that turns in bearing W and a recess, y, of a spider, Y, that is adjustable on the shalt as a pivot. The shaft V carries a spur-wheel, V2. At each end ot' the cotton-box is a spider,

Co Y,giving journal-bearing tothe grooved roller QI), and also to one or more rollers, Z, above the same. The roller Z rotates in the same direc tion as that of I), and serves to assist the roll ot' cotton in its rotation and to prevent the roller P from carrying the cotton over its top.

yThe gudgeons or shafts ofthe rollers P Z Z extend through slots in the heads F F', so as to allow them to be raised or lowered as occasion may require. This adjustment is made by turning the spider on its pivot at y. The spider may be' moved by any suitable means. I have shown for this purpose a lever, a,turn ing on a fulcrum, a', and having at the inner end a stud, a2, which engages in a slot, y', of the spider. a3 is a slot concentric with the fulcrum a. Through this slot passes a bolt, a, that screws into the head to hold the lever to its adjustment. The spider is also preferably held in place by screw-bolts a5 and a, which pass through slots a7 and a8 in the spider and head, respectively. n

e is the brush cylinder or drum. It is the mote-board. It is the cotton-discharge orifice fiomthemachine. Thebrush'cylinderis driven by a belt on pulleys K and e. y

Operation: When the machine is used to gin cotton the grooved roller P is in about the position shown relatively to the saw-cylinder. The iiuted roller Q is also in about the position shown, so as to give space for the escape of cotton-seed between the saw-cylinder and the iiuted roller.

When using the machine as a linter the grooved roller P may bein the position shown in the drawings,or even nearer to the saweylinder, and the uted roller may be placed so near to thesaw-cylinderas to preventtheescape of cotton-seed between them until the lint has been removed from it. The cleaned seeds are carried around in the iiutes q and dropped out oi" the machine at E.

When the machine is used for a huller the roller I), with the roller or rollers Z, is raised, so as to allow a space between the roller P and the saw-cylinder for the passage ot' seed-cotton, but not suflicientlylarge to allow the free passage ofthe hulls, and the lluted roller Q is seta greater distance from the saw-cylinder to allow the escape ot' the hulls. The iiutes or grooves q are of any proper t'orm.

I claim herein as my invention- 1. The combination of a circumfcrentiallygrooved roller, P, mounted in adjustable bearings, anda saw-cyliuder having claw-teeth, the said roller being adapted to receive the teeth ofthe saw within its grooves and to be adjusted with reference vto the saws to adapt the device for ginning, linting, or hulling, as set forth.v j

2. The combination, with a saw-cylinder, of the rollers P and Z, made adjustable in distance from the saw-cylinder, for the purpose set forth.

3. The adjustable rotating fluted roller Q,

VILLIAM L. GROVVSON.

In presence of- SAML. KNIGHT, Guo. H. KNIGHT.

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