US255920A - borland - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(Model.)

S. BORLAND.

INJEGTOE PoE STEAM ENGINES.

Patented Apr. 4,1882.

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2 Sheets-Sheet, 2.

(Model) s. BORLAND. INJECTOR FOB. STEAM ENGINES.

Patented Apr. 4, 1882.

NUNITED' STATES Pari-NT` OFFRE.

SEVERIN BORLAND, OF MANCHESTER, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND.

INJECTOR FOR STjEAIVI-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,920, dated April 4, 1882.

Application filed August 30, 1881. (Model.) yPatented in England June 2l, 1880, in France November i6, 1880, in Belgium November 18, 1880, and in Germany November 18, 1880.

To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that I, SEVERIN BORLAND, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster and Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injectors for Steam- Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled io in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. i5 My invention has for its object to so construct an injector as to adapt it for use with or without an adjustable spindle-that is to say, to adapt it for use in raising water, or when the water is not to be raised, in which case the zo usual screw-spindle maybe removed and steam admitted direct to the steam-cone and ejector; and it has for its Ifurther object to so construct an'ejector that its branch to which is connected the steam -pipe that brings the working z5 steam to the injector shall be capable of rotation to bring said branch into any desired position for connection with said steam-pipe; and it has for its further object to so construct an injector that the branches for the pipes that 3o bring the steam and water to and take it from the injector need not be disturbed when itbe` comes necessary to examine its interior parts -or relieve the latter of obstructions; and it has for its further object to so construct the 3 5 internal parts of an injector as to 'adapt them to beV readily removed therefrom and replaced `by others when worn.

The :invention consists, iirst, in the peculiar construction of a union-piece or casting pre'- 4o vided with four branches or junctions, and having au internal sleeve or annular bearing formed by a partition-wall that cuts off direct communication between two of the branches, and which bearingis adapted toreceive the com- 4 5 binin'g-cone, as and for the purposes hereinafter more fully described second, in the peculiar construction and combination of the steambranch with the injector, whereby said branch is free to rotate upon the injector, substantially as and for the purposes hereinafter more fully 5o set forth; third, in the peculiar construction of the receiving, discharging, and overflow,y cone and its combination with the injector, substantially as and for the purposes hereinafter fully described; fourth,'iu thc peculiar 55 arrangement ofthe screw-spindle and its combination with the injector, whereby said screwspindle may be readily removed, substantially, asand for the purposes hereinafter fully described; and, lastly, the invention consists in 6o certain details of construction, and in the combination of the various parts of the injector with eachother, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying two sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved injector. Fig. 2 is a like view of the same, showing a slight modification of construction. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the injector, looking in the direction of arrow Fig. l. 7o Fig. 4. is -a plan view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line zo zo of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is alongitudinal section, taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1, of the'receiving, discharging, and overiiow cone detached. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on line be x of Fig. l, and Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on line y y of Fig. 2; and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section, taken on line z e of Fig. 8 and at right angles to that shown in Fig. 2, of agtwo- 8o part receiving, discharging, and overlowcone.

Like letters of reference are employed to indicate like partsin' all the figures of drawings.

A is a union orjunction piece or casting of the injector, to which all the other parts are connected. It is provided with four branches, A A2 A3 A4, arranged at right angles to each other and on opposite sides of the casting-that is to say, the branches A and A2have` theiraxis on the same line with the longitudinal axis of 9o the castingand form the opposite ends' thereof', while the branches A3 A4'form the opposite ends of the transverse axis of said casting A, which is bored out interiorly to form the tubular partition or sleeve or tubular bearing a, that serves to receive one end of the combining-cone C.

To the branch A3 is screwed or otherwise attached the water-branch a3, and to the branch A4 is similarly attached the pipe a4, leading to the boiler or othei receiver.

To the branch A is screwed a casing,B,that has a stean1brancli,b,tlanged orserew-threaded for coupling with the steam -pipe b', said casing carrying the adjustable spindle S, by means ot' which the volume of steam from the branch b, passing to the steam-cone D, that is tted within the branch A', is adjusted or entirely cut oft', the spindle being adapted for use as a valve, as shown in Figs. l and 2,when the spindle S is screwed ldown to close the steamcone D.

Under certan circumstances it is desirable that the steam-branch b should be capable ot' adjustment, and for this purpose I preferably connect the easing B with the branch A in such manner that said casing may be ro tated in any direction to bring the branch b into the desired position for connecting -the same with the steam pipe of the boiler or other source of steam'supply. As shown in Fig. 2, I employ a short sleeve, E, that is screw-threaded interiorly for a certain distance from its inner end, to be screwed upon the branch A of the casting A, while at its outer end it has an annular inwardlyprojecting flange, e, against which bears the angef at the inner end ot' the coupling-pece F, that is screw -threaded at its outer end to receive the casing B, and, as will be readily seen by an inspection ot' said Fig. 2, adapts said casing to be rotated with the coupling-piece or sleeve F upon the steamcone and within the sleeve E and at the same time form a perfectly-tight joint. This construction also serves to hold the steam-cone D.

in proper position, said cone having a iiange, d, that bears on the one hand upon the face ot' the branch A and on the other hand against the sleeve E andthe face of the angefof the coupling-piece F.

The casing B is provided at its upper end with a stuting-box, b2, through which passes the stem of the spindle S, that carries at its outer end the hand-wheel s,hy means ot' which said spindle is adjusted.

To adapt the spindle S for use as a valve it is provided with an annular beveled shoulder, s', which, when the spindle is screwed down, will be seated upon a like shoulder, d', formed within the steam-cone D, as shown. The spindle S is also provided with an axial passage and ports s2, that communicate therewith for the passage ot' the steam, as is well understood.

The combining cone G is fitted at one end within the sleeve ay ofthe casting A, said cone being provided with an annular shoulder, c, that is seated against the face of said sleeve, and at its other end said cone is fitted within a casing, L, in which are formed the overfloworitice and the receiving and discharging cone L', said combining-cone being provided at that end with an annular shoulder, c', that `is seated upon the face of said casing L.

The receiving and discharging cone L' may Ybe formed of one piece with the casing L, as

shown in Figs. 1, 6, and 7; or they may be formed ot' two pieces, as shown in Figs. 2, 8, and 9, in which figures the cone L', made ot' a separate piece, is seated within the casing L.

Thel receiving, discharging, and overflow cone is constructed as follows: The casing L has a cylindrical upper portion for the reception ofthe lower end of the combining-cone C, as above set forth. Below this cylindrical portion is formed a chamber, Z,that communicates with the axial passage ot' the casing L, which passa ge constitutes thereceivingand discharging cone L. This axial passage,through which the combined steam. and water are forced, does not extend entirely through the casing L, but terminates at or near the lower end ot' said cas ing in a transverse passage, Z3, communicating at both ends with the chamber Z4, formed by casing M, casing L, the combining-cone C, and partition a. Upon opposite sides ofthe axial passage or cone L and upon opposite sides of the transverse passage i3 the casingL has two vertical overiiow-passages, l', into which the overow from chamber l passes and is discharged at the lower end of the casing L, passing out of the injector through port Z2.

It will be seen that both the overiiow and combined water and steam are discharged at the same end of the cone L L, the overflow passing directly from chamber Z through the casing, while the combined water and steam pass through the axial opening or cone L', and thence at right angles through the casing into the chamber Z4, and from the latter to the delivery-branch A4.

When the receiving, discharging, and overflow cone is made in two parts, as shown in Figs. 2, 8, and 9, the chamber l is enlarged and made of greater depth, and the cone L is seated therein, it being provided with a suitable auge or shoulder, and its lower end projecting into thetransverse passage Z3, as shown.

The port l2 for the overtowis ormay be closed against the admission of air by a check-valve, V. This valve is held to its seat by a coiled spring, the resistance of which is such as to yield to the pressure of the water from within and allow it to escape and close when said pressure ceases to be exerted` The stem of the valve V is iitted in a bearing or guide, in, provided with discharge-passages m, and said bearin g is screwed into the end M of cap M, which itself is screwed or otherwise. connected with the branch A2 of the casting A.

' The object of applying a cheek-valve to the lower end of the casing L is, as above stated, to prevent admission of air to theinjector when rst started to facilitate the obtaining ot' a vacuum in the combining-cone. The velocity of the steam carries the jet as if a solid body across the overflow orifice or passage into the receiving-cone. This escaping steam draws the water to the injector, and the water con- IOO IOS

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densesthe steam in the combining-cone, and as there is a vacuum in said cone, the com paratively solid mass of combined water and steam is kept together, exerting no lateral pressure, and is shot, as it were, from the combiningcone into the receiving-cone. The latter gradually increases in diameter from the nozzle outward until the extreme velocity ot' the jet is gradually diminished, when the combined steam and water commence to exert pressure yin all directions. As long as the steam and water are properly adjusted there is no overflow, but the reverse. The passing-jet will sink in air at the overflow-orifice, and the valve is usedv to shut against the admission of air, and, instead of the jet escaping at the overflow, itcan be made to take in more water.

When the injector is employed under conditions where the water is not to be raised-that is to say, under such conditions that will not necessitate the use of the screw-spindle S-I unscrew the easing B from the branch A' of the casting A and screw thereto the steampipe, admitting steam direct to the injector, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

From what has been said above, it will be readily seen that by unserewing the cap or casing M from the branch A2 the combining, receivin g, and discharging cones may be readily removed for inspection or for the purpose ot' removing obstructions therefrom, or for the purpose of replacing either or both by new ones, if required, without in any manner disturbing the connections with the water and steam supply or the connection of the injector with the boiler or other receiver. For this purpose neither of said parts is connected by screw-threads with the injector, all of said parts having ground joints and seats to connect them with each other and with the injector, as shown; and, further, that the injector may be employed with or Without a screw-spindle for purposes above set forth, and that when the screw-spindle is usedit may be employed as a valve to cut oh" the supply of steam.

In practice, forthe purpose of readily disconnecting the parts ofthe injector, I provide the junctions or branches A' A2 A3 A4 with screw-threads upon their exterior periphery to receive the casing B, the cap M, the waterbraneh, and the pipe leading to the boiler or other receiver.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In an injector for steam-engines, a junction-branch for the steam-supply pipe capable of being rotated around the injector, as described, for the purpose specitied.

2. In an injector for steam-engines, a castingV or junction piece having a feedwater branch, A2, and a delivery-branch, A4, at the opposite extremities of its transverse axis, and an interior partition arranged to form a tubular bearing on aline with its longitudinal axis, in which bearin g is seated the combining-cone,

said partition serving also to cut off direct communication between the feed-water branch and the delivery-branch, as specitied.

3. In an injector for steam-engines, the casting A, having the branches A' A2 A3 A, arranged at right angles to each other, and an interior tubular partition, a, in combination with the steam and combining cones, arranged as set forth, whereby direct communication between the branches A' A3 A4 is intercepted, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In an injector for steam-engines, a junction or union piece or casting A, having the branch A' screw-threaded exteriorly, in combination with the steamcone D, seated upon said branch A', the spindle S, and its casing B, carrying the steam-branch, and arranged to hold the steam-cone to its seat when said casing is connected with the said branch A', substan tially as set forth.

5. The combination of thejunction or union piece A, its branch A', the spindle-casing B, and its coupling F with the sleeve E, substan tially as and for the purpose specitied.

6. The combination of thejunction or union piece A, its branch A', the steam-cone D, and the coupling-sleeve E with the spindlecasing B, its coupling It, and the steam-branch b, all arranged, constructed, and operating substantially as and for the purpose specitied.

7. The receiving, discharging, and overow cone consisting of the casing L, within which is formed the receiving and discharging cone, so as to leave an overow-passage,l l', between said cone and casing, all constructed of one piece, substantially as and for the purpose specitied.

8. The receiving, discharging, and overflow cone consisting of an outer casing, L, arranged to receive the discharge end of the combiningcone and having lateral passages L2, the interior cone, L', arranged to form the overdowpassages l Z between it and said casing L, and which cone is in direct communication with said lateral passages, substantially as and for the purpose specief 9. In an injector for steam-engines, the c'ombination, with the steam and combining cones, of a receiving, discharging, and overtlow cone, L L', arranged relatively to said steam and combining cone in such manner that both the combined steam and water and the overow will be discharged at the same end of said cone L L', substantially as described.

10. rlhe combination,with the union orjunction piece A and its branches A A2, of the steam-cone D, combining-cone C, and the receiving, discharging, and overflow cone L L', of the cap M, removably connected with the branch A2, all arranged and operating substantially as and-for the purpose specitied.

11. The combination of the cap M and the check-valveV with the receiving,discharging, and overflow cone L L', constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as and for the pur pose specitied.

12. The junction or union piece A, having IOO IIO

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branches A2A4, the cap M, the steam and coinbining cones, in combination with the receiving and discharging cone having passages l3 and arranged within the capM to form the annular passage Z4, that communicates with the delivery-branch A4, all constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. The junction or union piece A, having branch A,screwthreaded exteriorly, and an interior tubular bearing, a, the combining-cone C, seated within said bearing,and the steamcone D, seated upon the branch A and having operating substan tially as and for the purposesspecified.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

S. BORLAND. Witnesses:

PETER J. LrNsEY, JAMES Woon.

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