US255295A - Francis w - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

F. W. JONES.

' QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH. 7

No. 255,295. v Patented Mar. 21.1882.

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.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

FRANOIS W. JONES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

QUADRUP LEX TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,295, dated March 21, 1882.

- Application filed January 16, 1882. (No model.)

of signals may be simultaneously transmitted over a telegraphic conductor in the same direction, and which is capable of being combined with any known or suitable method of simultaneous transmission in opposite directions, by which combination four distinct telegraphic communications -two in each direction--may bemade to pass simultaneously over a single conductor without interference.

My invention consists in an improved organization of transmitting apparatus with reference to the batteries, whereby the required combinations of currents are transmitted.

It further consists in an improved construction and organization of the receiving-instruments, as hereinafter fully set forth.

The accompanying drawing is a general plan or diagram illustrating my in vontion, showing both the transmitting and receiving instruments, with their various connections For the purposes of this description it will be assumed that the method of telegraphic transmission known as the Morse system is these four different electrical conditions of the line are brought about by the operation of two transmitters will now be explained.

In thedrawing, t isa lever capable of a slight vertical movement upon its axis in one direction by the attraction of the electro-magnet T ter,and is operated by means of a key, K, and

a local -battery,t,in a manner well understood. One end of a flat metallic contact-spring, b, is fixed to an insulating-support, WlllCll'lS mounted upon the lever t, while its free end, by its own elasticity, presses upward against the projection 0, formed upon the extremity of the lever 13, and is therefore in electrical contact therewith. When, however, the key K is depressed the attraction of the electro-magnet T for its armature elevates the opposite end of the lever t, which carries with. it the-contact-spring b and presses the latter against the fixed stop a. The further movement of thelever t in the same direction causes the spring I) 'to yield,'and the projection c is separated from it. Thus the effect of closing the k'eyK is to first form an electrical contact between the spring?) and stop 0, and then to break, almostat the same instant,the previously-existing conact between the spring b and the lever t. As the electric circuit passing through the spring bis by this arrangement never interrupted, being at all times continuous either through a or c, or both, it may be termed a continuity-preserving transmitter.

The second or double-point transmitter is preferablyconstructedsubstantially in the form .shown in the drawing, and consists of a lever, t, actuated by an elcctro-magnet, key K and local battery, as hereinbet'ore explained. The lever t is a threearmed lever, one arm carrying the armature, and the other two, which are on the opposite sides of the fulcrum, being provided with circuit-closing devices, as follows: Upon the arin t-is an insulated spring, 6, which plays between the resting-contact f and working-contact (I. The arm t carries an insulated spring, h, which plays between the resting-contact i and the working-contact g.

The effect produced upon the electrical condition of the main line by the different positions of the keys at the transmitting-station will now be explained.

1. W hen the first and second Jrcys are both OlJIL-TlllS is the position of the apparatus as represented in the drawing. Omitting for the present the consideration of the receiving-instiuments and their connection with theline, the circuit may be traced as follows: from the earth at G by wires 1 and 2 to the lever t thence by arm t resting-contact 1', contactspring h, and wire 3 to lever t; thence by resting-contact e and contact-spring b to the line L, which extends to the receiving-station and the earth at G. Thus the line-wire is connected to the earth at the transmitting-station withoutincluding either battery. In this position of the keys there is therefore no current upon the line.

2. When the first hey is closed and the seeon'l hey 0pen.The route is the same as before, from the earth at G to the lever t but at this point it diverges, going through the arm t restingcontact f, contact-spring e, and wire 4 to the battery E; thence by wire 5 to the working-contact a and contact-spring b to the line L. In this position the battery E is placed in circuit with its positive or pole to the line.

3. When the second key is closed and thejirst hey open-The route is as follows: from the earth at G by wires 1 and 6 to the battery E thence by the wire 7 to working-contact 1, contact-spring h, and wire 3 to the lever t; thence by resting-contact e and spring I) to the line L, as before. In this position the battery E is placed in circuit with its negative or pole to the line.

4. When both the first and second keys are elosed.The route of the circuit is as follows: from the earth at G by wires 1 and 8 to the battery E thence-by wire 9, workingcontact d, spring e, wire 4, battery wire 5, contactstop a, and contact-spring I) to the line L. In this position the batteries E and E are both placed in circuit in series with their positive poles to the line.

The receiving apparatus consists of two sounders or other like instruments, S and S which are placed in local circuits, and are controlled by the action of relays in the main-line circuit, as hereinafter explained. It is essential that the sounder S should respond to the movement of the key K and the sounder S to the movement of the key K", while both sounders should in like manner respond when both keys are depressed. Themanner in which this is accomplished will now be explained. The line-wire L, upon entering the receivingstation, passes through the coils of the re spective relays R, R and R and thence to the earth at G. The relay It is provided with a polarized armature, i, which vibrates between two contact-stops, o and n, being normally held in contact with the former by the tension of a retractile spring, 0'. The polarized armature r operates the sounder S by means of a local battery, .s, the circuit of which is shown in dotted lines. This local circuit is completed and the sounder actuated whenever the polarized armature r is brought in contact with the stop v.

R is a relay, having a neutral armature, w, of the ordinary well-known construction, and

provided with a retracting-spring, w. This armature vibrates between two adjustable contact-stops, mandae,but is normally held against the former by the spring 20.

It is a'third relay, having a polarized armature, .2, also provided with a retracting-spring, z, which normally holds it in contact with the stop y.

The electromagnetic sounder S is provided with four distinct helices or coils, two of which are wound in one direction and two in the opposite direction. One pair of these coils are in circuit with a local battery, .5 and with the armaturelever of the neutral relay R and the other pair are in circuit with another local battery. 8 and the armature of the polarized relay R the particular arrangement being clearly shown in the drawing. Vhen the apparatus is in its normal position, as shown in the drawing, one coil of the sounder S is included in the constantly-closed branch 10 of the local battery 8 Another similar coil wound in the same direction is included in the constantly-closed branch it of the other local battery, a". The third coil is included in the branch 12 of the local battery .9 which is closed through the back or working contact stop re of the relay R The fourth coil is ineluded in the branch 13 ot the local battery 9", which is closed upon the working-contact g of the relay R Hence the electro-m aguetic elt'ect upon the sounder S of the branch circuits 10 and 11 is preciselycounteracted by the opposing client of the branch circuits l2 and 13, and the sounder 8*, like the sounder S, remains normally unaffected.

The manner in which the receiving-instruments operate in accordance with each of the several electrical conditions of the line hereinbefore described is as follows:

1. No current. The local circuit of the sounder S is held open by the action of the spring 1' upon the armature r, and it therefore remains inactive. In the sounder S the efl'ects of the local circuits 10 and 11 upon the sounder-magnet are neutralized by the action .of the local circuits 12 and 13, which cause it also to remain inactive.

2. Positive current from battery E.The relay R, the armature of which is actuated in opposition to the spring 1 by positive currents of any strength, closes the local circuitof the sounder S. The relay R, which must have its retractile spring 20 adjusted to a tension which the current from the battery E aloneis unable to overcome, does not respond. The relay B, being afl'ected solely by negative currents, does not respond, and hence the local circuits traversing the sounder It remain unchanged, and the latter is unaffected.

3. Negative current from battery E .The relay R does not respond to the current, which is now of the wrong polarity, and the sounder S remains unaffected. The relay R, however, responds to the negative current, and its armature z is brought in cont-act with the stop 3 IOC IIQ

thus breaking the local circuit 13 at the stop y. i The sounder S is actuated by the current in the local circuit 11, which is no longer opposed by the current in the branch 13.

4. Positive current from batteries E and E c0mbined.-In this case the relay R and sounder S are operated as in the first case. The relay B remains unaffected, the current now being strength of the current arising from the union of the two batteries E and E is sntficient to overcome the tension of the retracting-spring 20. Hence the relay It breaks thelocalcireuit 12 at the stop so, and thesounder S is actuated by the local current traversing the wire 10, which'is no longer opposed by that in the wire 12. Thus the combined positive current of both main batteries causes both sounders to be actuated.

In order to adaptthe hereinbefore-described apparatus to the simultaneous transmission of four communications upon the same conductor-two in each direction-itis only necessary to employ it in connection with some suitable known method of duplex telegraphy. In order to more perfectly adapt the apparatus to this use, it is necessary that the total resistance at the transmitting'station should always be the same, Whatever the position of the keys or transmitters may chance to occupy. To

this end it has been usual to place a rheostat, 0, in the wire 2, which forms a connection be tween the lever ofthetransmitter an d the earth, the resistance of which is equalto that of the battery E orE. Inorder to provide for theresistanoe of the additional battery E, I also insort a rheostat, 0, having aresis'tance equal to thatof said battery, in the wire 3, between the two transmitters. Under this arrangemcntit will be observed that no change is made in the resistance at the transmitting-station between the line L and the earth Gr, whatever may be the position of the respective transmitters.

It is very essential that the direction of the current in the wire 12, which is interrupted by the action of the relay R should be the same as that in the wire 13, which is interrupted by the action of the relay R and that both should pass around the core of the sounder S in the samedirection; for in this case,when the direction of the current in the main line is reversed, no reversal will take place in the core of the electro-magnet of the sounder S and consequently its armature will not have time to fall ofl' after the circuit in the wire 12 is interrupted,before that in the wire 13 is established, and vice versa.

Myimproved system hereiubefore described, unlike those heretofore in use, requires no condenser between the main and artifieiallines when employed in combination with the duplex system, and less electro-motive force is required in any case to operate it satisfactorily than in other systems heretofore in use.

I do not herein specifically claim the come bination of an electro-magnet having two pairs of differential or neutralizing coils, each included in an independent local circuit, with two independent local batteries, as this forms the subject-matter ot' a claim in another pend in g application.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a key or transmitter, two of the wrong polarity. The increase of the insulated contact-springs mounted thereon, two insulated contact-stops with which said springs are simultaneously brought in contact when said key is depressed, two independent main batteries of like electro-motive force but unlike polarity inserted between the earth and 8) said insulated contact-stops, respectively, and a second key or transmitter having an insulated contact-stop, said key and contact-stop being respectively connected with the two contact-sprin gs of the first key, whereby said contact-springs are alternately placed in connection with the main line.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a key or transmitter, two insulated contact-springs mounted thereon, 0 two insulated contact-stops with which said springs are simultaneously brought in contact when said key is depressed, two independent main batteries of like electro-inotive force but unlike polarity inserted between the earth and said insulated contact-stops, respectively, a second key or transmitter having an insulated contact-spring mounted thereupon, a line-wire extending from said spring to the distant station, a third main batteryshaving one of its poles connected with that insulated contactspring upon the first key, which, when said key is depressed, unites it with another battery ot'coincident polarity, and its other pole with the working-contact of the second key, and a conductor. uniting the remaining contact-spring of the first key with the restingcontact of the second.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a key or transmitter, two insulated contact-springs mounted thereon. two insulated contact-stops with which said springs are simultaneously brought in contact when said key is depressed, two independent main batteries of like electro-motive force but unlike polarity inserted between the earth and said insulated contact-stops, respectively, a second key or transmitter having an insulated contact-spring mounted thereupon, a line-wire extending from said spring to the distant station, a third main battery having one of its poles connected with that insulated contact.- spring upon the first key, which, when said key is depressed, unites it with another battery of coincident polarity, and its other pole with the working-contact of the second key, a conduetoruniting the remaining contact-spring of the first key with the resting-contact ot' the second, and an' artificial resistance inserted in said conductor equal tothe resistance of the last-named battery.

4. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of an electro-magnet provided with two pairs of differential or neutralizing coils with two independent batteries and two independentrelays, one having a polarized and the other a neutral armature, which respectively open and close local circuits traversing two coils, both having a like magnetic effect upon the core of the electro-magnct.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 11th day of January, A. D. 1882.

FRANCIS \V. JONES.

Witnesses:

MILLER C. EARL, CHARLES A. TERRY.

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