US2550766A - Double-acting bench plane - Google Patents

Description

R. K. BRYANT DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE May 1, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 6, 1950 IT.- M

JNVENTOR. RAY K. BRYANT y 1951 R. K..BRYANT 2,550,766

DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE Filed June. 6, 1950 I '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 613 537 1 33 1 ll i4 36241 I 1 40 /4] {6 1N VEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS RAY K. BRYANT Patented May 1, 1951 UNKTED STATES iA'iEN'i ()FFRCE DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE Ray K. Bryant, Liberty, '8. C.

Application June 6, 1950, Serial No. 166,365

6 Claims.

This invention relates to a double acting bench plane which cuts on the rearward or retracting stroke as well as on the forward stroke, the primary object of the invention being to provide a practical and eilicient bench plane of this character which is of simple and rugged construction.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a double acting bench plane of the character indicated above which involves a dual cutter arrangement in which the blades or cutter bits are individually and removably mounted in a holder but are capable of adjustment together toward and away from the under side of the stock by vertical adjustment of the holder, the blades being oppositely angulated in the holder, and the holder being automatically rockable as the plane broken away;

Figure 2 is a vertically contracted left hand side elevation, partly broken away, showing the cutter assembly in intermediate or neutral position;

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section, taken.

on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a general fragmentary vertical longitudinal section showing the cutter assembly in position for cutting thework on a rearward or retracting stroke of the plane;

v Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 5--5 of Figure 2;

Figure 6. is a view similar to Figure 4, showing ini dotted lines an upward adjustment of the cutter assembly; and

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the mechanism including the cutter assembly, removed from the plane stock.

:Re'ferring in detail to the drawings, the numeral 9 generally designates the plane stock having a bottom plate IE! adapted to be slid along the work I I, such as a board supported upon a bench (not shown), longitudinal side walls l2 tapered upwardly from the opposite ends l3 and I4, re-

spectively, of the stock to the risers I5 at the middle of thestock. A central horizontal cross member or plate I 6 extends across the stock bestock cross member 22 projecting from its lower end to thread into a hole 24 locateclcentrallyin the bar or plate l6.

The bottom plate ll] of the stock 9 has a transversely elongated opening 25 positioned in vertical alignment with the central cross member through which the cutter blades or bits operate upon the work Vertically elongated slots 23 are formed in the stock side walls l2 and extend in a plane perpendicular to the stock bottom plate It? and passing midway between the front and rear edges 21 and 28, respectively, of the opening 25, the slots having their lower ends29 spaced upwardly from the stock bottom plate It with their upper ends 33 terminating in the risers l5, as shown in Figure 3. The slots 26 accommodate a spindle 3| whose opposite ends project outwardly beyond the side.

walls l2 and engage in holes 32 in the lower ends of legs- 33' positioned at the outer sides of the side walls i2 and depending from the bight portion 33 of an inverted U-shaped adjusting yoke 34. The bight portion 33 is substantially spaced above and parallelly overlies the central cross member It. A vertical adjusting screw 35, having a knob 36 on its upper end, is threaded downwardly through the middle of the yoke bight portion 33 with its lower end 31 engaged with the It. A smaller assembling screw 38, having a head 39 on its lower end is threaded upwardly through the cross member |6 and into a bore 49 in the lower end of the adjust ing screw 35. By this means rotation of the adjusting screw in opposite directions raises and lowersthe yoke as and the spindle 3| and the two similar jaws or holder plates 4|.

As shown in Figures 4, 6 and '7, the holder plates 4| are relatively thick and segmental in shape, and have downwardly converging ends 42, a

straight lower edge 53, and a curved upper edge :4, and have centered transverse holes receiving opposite end portions of the spindle 3|. The holder plates, as shown in Figure 3, are positioned against the inward sides of the stock side walls l2. Near their upper edges M the plates 4| have sockets 46 positioned at their vertical centers.

Opening through opposite ends of the lower edges 53 of the holder plates 4| are blade or bit slots 41 which are parallel to the adjacent converging ends 42 of the plates, and in these slots I1, including a boss I8, extends between the side are inserted the upper plain portions 58 off the transversely elongated rectangular, front and rear blades or bits 69 and 50, respectively. The blades have straight upper edges 5! and lower cutting edges 52 parallel thereto. The cutting edges 52 are defined by tapering the outer sides of the blades from the lower end of the plain portions 48 to the lower ends of the blades, as indicated at 118, whereby the cutting actions of the blades 539 and 50 areopposite. The blades are cut away at their ends at 5% to shorten the portion 48' to fit the opening 25. Set screws 52 are threaded through the ends 42 of the plates ii to engage and lock the blades in the slots i? with the tapered lower portions of the blades pro iecting below the lower edges 43 of the plates 5!. A transversely elongated shaving guide block 53 of wedge cross section is positioned between the blade holder platesiil and between the blades 5? and 58 to guide the shavings or chips upward as they are cut. The block 53 has plain ends 5 3 \v'l'iich are engaged with the inner sides of the "plates ltandhas a longitudinal bore 55 extenddagthere'through midway between its upper and lowerends 56 and 5?, respectively, through which the spindle -3l extends to hold the block 53 in "'fplaceQI -Asshown in Figure 4, the upper and wider "ehd zjfi of the block- 53 is rounded as is the lower narrower endg5l thereof.

he' upp er ends of the block ends 5- are rec e' as indicated at 58, and a longitudinal bore -'59'"fo'rmedthrough-the upper, part of the block 5}, accommodates a, second spindle 55 which has portions extending across the recesses ES and terminating in rounded ends 61 positioned in the j wl chare onjzhe endsoi horizontal arms 62. The a ms'j'62 converge toward their opposite ends and are joined by a portion 63 .to form a yokeM. The portionj fid isslotted in its free end to define two spaced ar'rns $31 traversed by a pivot bolt 65. A al lev er fifi, has an upper end portion El sed by a pivot bolt 68 extending through gapsjerselrlppaoedears 69 rising from the stock dossrnember lflthrouigh a slot E9 formed in the bross n ember [S between these ears, as shown TirigFfigihre E. An upwardly curved handle ii is fixed at its lower end to the upperend portion E! of the lever 65. The lever 681has a lower end portio 12 which curves downwardly toward the end M jthe stock and-is traversed by the pivot bolt li fi the pivot bolt'65 beingdisplaced toward the stock end l i off-center from the pivot bolt 58 in the "intermediate neutral perpendicular position ofthe handle 5'! shown in Figures 2 and 6. The s'lot'fllin the stock cross-member i9 is of such a lerf'gthand so positioned that in opposite tilting movements of the handle H on the pivot bolt 55 the'hpper-portion 61 of the lever 66 engages opposite ends of the slotill whereby rocking of the blade holder plates in opposite directions is lim-' ited to give the cutter blades Q9 and 5d correctly angulated cutting-positions.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that with the blades adjusted for cutting depth by means of the adjusting screw 35 and with the bottom plate Id of the stock 9 applied to plane a surface of the Work H, a push in one direction on the handle ll will tilt the handle ll in a corresponding direction from the neutral position. This pulls the yoke it in the opposite direction and tilts the blade holder plates 4| in the same direction, thereby elevating the blade 43 above the stock bottom plate Hi and depressing the blade 50 through the opening 25 in the bottom plate [El into contact with the work at a proper declining angle for cutting or planing in said one direction. If at the end of such a stroke an opposite pull is exerted on the handle ll for a return stroke, the yoke, 64 is pushed in the opposite direction so as to tilt the blade holder plates ll in said opposite direction, withdraw the blade 50 from cutting position and depress the blade 3S through the stock bottom plate opening Ill into correctly declining cutting'relation to the work I l, as-shown in Figure 4. As strokes are made in opposite directions with the plane these changes in the cutting relations of the blades 49 and 50 take; place instantly and automatically. -What i claimed is:

1. 'In -a double acting plane, a plane stock -having a-'work engaging face, a blade holder pivoted on said stock on an'aXis extending transverselyof said stock, said blade having a neutral position, a pair of blades depending from said blade holder, said-blades converging downwardly towardeach other with their lower edges located above the'work engaging face of said stock in the neutral position of said blade holder, said blade holder being arranged to'be pivoted in opposite directions away from its neutral position so as to project one of said blades at a time downwardly below t e Work en aging face of the stock at a -'declining angle to contact a surface to be planed 1 thereon, apairof end cross members extending between said side walls above said bottom plate, an intermediate crossmember extending between said side walls and spaced from said end cross members, said bottorn plate being formed with i a bla de exposingopening beneath said intermediateflcross member, ,a blade holder positioned between said side walls andbetwecn said intermediatecrossv member andsaid bottom plate, n lans'mountingsaid blade holder in placesaid blade'holder" having a neutral position and being arranged to tilt toward opposite ends'of the stock from the neutral position, a pair of spaced and downwardly, converging blades mounted on said blade holder having cutting edges depending below said'holder, said cutting edges being spaced above'sai'd bottom plate in the neutralposition of the blade holder, a vertical handle projecting above one of said endcross members, a vertical lever' securd to depend from the lovverend of saidhandlefmeans pivoting said lever on said one 5 end cross member to swing on an axis extending transversely of said stock, and a yoke extending between and pivotally connected to said vertical lever and to said blade holder whereby application of pressures on said handle in opposite direcformed with a blade opening longitudinally spaced from the ends of the stock, a blade holder pivoted on said stock above said blade opening on a horizontal axis extending across said stock, said blade holder having a perpendicular neutral position, a pair of longitudinally spaced blades depending from said blade holder, said blades converging downwardly toward each other with their. lower edges located above said bottom plate in the neutral position or" said blade holder, said blades being arranged to alternately project downwardly through said blade opening at a declining angle to contact a surface to be planed as said blade hclderis tilted in opposite directions from its neutral position, a vertical hand lever pivoted on said stock to swing toward opposite ends of said s'tock, said hand lever having an intermediate position, and means operatively connecting said hand lever to said blade holder whereby said blade holder is tilted in opposite directions away from its neutral position as manual pressure i applied to swing said hand lever in opposite directions and to move the plane in corresponding directions in contact with the surface to be planed, said stock having laterally spaced longitudinal side walls rising therefrom and formed with vertically elongated slots in line with said blade opening, a first spindle extending across said stock with its ends in said slots, said spindle traversing said blade holder between said front and rear blades and mounting said blade holder for tilting movement, a cross member extending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, a yoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a leg depending therefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screw threaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder, said adjusting screw beingrotatable in opposite directions to raise and lower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of said blades below the stock plate bottom in their operative positions.

4. In a double acting plane, a plane stock having a bottom plate, said bottom plate being formed with a blade opening longitudinally spaced from the ends of the stock, a blade holder pivoted on said stock above said blade opening on a horizontal axis extending across said stock, said blade holder having a perpendicular neutral position, a pair of longitudinally spaced blades depending from said blade holder, said blades converging downwardly toward each other with their lower edges located above said bottom plate in the neutral position of said blade holder, said blades being arranged to alternately project downwardly through said blade opening at a deends of said stock, said hand lever having an intermediate position, and means operatively connecting said hand lever to said blade holder whereby said blade holder is tilted in opposite directions away from its neutral position'as manual pressure is applied to swing said hand lever in opposite directions and to move the plane in corresponding directions in contact with the surface to be planed, said stock having laterally spaced longitudinal side walls rising therefrom and formed with vertically elongated slots in line with said blade opening, a first spindle extending across said stock with its ends in said slots, said spindle traversing said blade holder between said front and rear blades and mounting said blade holder for tilting movement, a cross member exare cut by the blades.

tending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, a yoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a leg depending therefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screw threaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder, said adjustin screw being rotatable in opposite directions to raise and lower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of said blades below the stock plate bottom in their operative positions, a shaving guide mounted on said stock and depending between and in spaced relation to said blades for guiding shavings upwardly between the blades and said guide as the shavings 5. In a double acting plane, a plane stock having a bottom plate, said bottom plate being formed with a blade opening longitudinally spaced from the ends of the stock, a blade holder pivoted on said stock above said blade opening on a horizontal axis extending across said stock, said blade holder having a perpendicular neutral position, a pair of longitudinally spaced blades depending from said blade holder, said blades converging downwardly toward each other with their lower edges located above said bottom plate in the neutral position of said blade holder, said blades being arranged to alternately project downwardly through said blade opening at a declining angle to contact a surface to be planed as said blade holder is tilted in opposite directions from its neutral position, a vertical hand lever pivoted on said stock to swing toward opposite ends of said stock, said hand lever having an intermediate position, and means operatively connecting said hand lever to said blade holder whereby said blade holder is tilted in opposite directions away from its neutral position as manual pressure is applied to swing said hand lever in opposite directions and to move the plane in corresponding directions in contact with the surface to be planed, said stock having laterally spaced longitudinal side walls rising therefrom and formed with vertically elongated slots in line with said blade opening, a first spindle extending across said stock with its ends in said slots, said spindle traversing said blade holder between said front and rear blades and mounting said blade holder for tilting movement, a cross member extending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, a yoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a'leg depending therefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screw threaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder, said adjusting screw being rotatable in opposite directions to raise and lower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of said blades below the stock plate bottom in their operative ,positions.a?.shavingguide nounted onsaid stock .arecutby the blades,- saidblade holdencoinpnis- ,-'i 1 1 ,.a pair ofholder plates positionednat opposite sides otsaid. stock with said-shaving. guide posi- .tioned'therebetween saidblade.,holde iplatesand shaving guide being onnected to t'ilt together.

$6, In. a-jdolibleactin plane;afplanestockhaving av-bo.ttom plate, said. bottom iplatep-being formed .withaiblad, op eningv longitudinally: spaced ;f'lE0m the ends OfJShEgSPOCk, a-; blade holden pivotedon said. stock above said -b1ade-. .0pening;.lQn a horizontalax-is extendingacross said st0 ck,;sai d;blade holder having a perpendicular neutraLposition,

.a pair oflongitudinally-spaced bladesadepending fromssaid blade ho1der,-- said bladesconverging downwardly towardeach, other with their. lower Hedges locatedabove said bottom plate in-the neua tral position or", .Said blade, holder, said,b1ades.=being arranged .to; alternately; project downwardly through. said blade openingnat, a declining angle to contact a surface to .balplaned-asr-said blade ,holder istiltedin-opposite directions from its-neu- .tral position, a verticalhandlever pivoted on said stock to swingtowardoppositeendsiof. said stock, said hand leverhaving ,anlintermediate, position and-.m,eans-oper.atively, connectingsaidhand le ger tosaid blade hdldergwhereby. said blade holder ,is

laterally spaced longitudinal side walls rising 4 .ytherefrom and formed with vertically elongated j slots inylinewith said blade opening, a first .spindle extendin across said stock with its ends in said slots,. saidspindletraversing said blade holderbetween said front and rear bladesand mountingsaid blade holder for tiltingrnovement, .a cross member extending between said side walls ,andspaced above said .bladeholder; a yokehav- ,ing-a portion spaced above said cross member and a leg. depending therefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screw threaded through said. yoke portion. and connected to said blade holder, said adjusting screw being rotatable .in .opposite directions to raise and lower said blade holder to-determine the amount of projec- ..tion of said blades below the stock plate bottom in .their operative positions, a shaving guide mounted on saidstock and depending between and in spaced relation to said blades for. guiding shavings upwardly between the blades and said guide as the shavings are cutby the blades, said blade holder comprising a pair of holder plates positioned at opposite sides of said stock with said shaving guide positioned therebetween, said blade holder plates and shaving guide being connected .to tilt together, said. holder plates being formed with'downwardly converging blade slots opening through their lower ends in which said blades are secured with said blades extending between the holder, plates.

' RAY K. BRYANT.

No references cited.

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