US2545807A - Engine cooling - Google Patents

Description

March 20, 1951 B. A. DE WAERN ENGINE COOLING Filed Aug. 1, 1947 Patented Mar. 20, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT F F l C E Application August 1, 1947, Serial No. 765,414 In Sweden January 9, 1942 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires January 9, 1962 Claims;

The present invention relates to engine cooling in which the crank pins are mounted on both sides of self-supporting crank disks adapted to serve as partitions between crank case pumps individual to each cylinder bore. The invention is of special interest in engines designed with the smallest possible weight and at a minimum of space requirements and has for its object,- in the first line, to render possible a considerable power output from the engine without any detrimental heating while maintaining at the same time a very compact structure. The invention consists substantially in that the crank disks are provided, on the one hand, with throughgoing cooling ducts closed towards the interiorof the crank case and interconnecting cooling passages in the crank pins provided on both sides of the crank .disks and, on the other, with an annular lubrication channel co-axial with the axis of rotation and having branches leading to the crank pins positioned on opposite sides of the crank disks.

The invention will be more closely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of which Fig. 1 is a lateral view, partially in longitudinal section on line II in Fig. 2, of an embodiment of the invention adapted for an engine having eight cylinders.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line 22 in Fig. 1.

In the shown embodiment the engine cylinders are provided in V-arrangement having for instance four cylinders 50a and 5% respectively in each cylinder row, the cylinder axes in the one row forming an angle of for instance 60 with the cylinder axes in the second row.- In each the adjacent division B of the engine. The pin 54 is supported by a roller bearing 65mounted in the engine frame 62. Between the bearings BI and 55 the divisional crank shaft 9 is self-supporting, i. e. it is not supported by any part of the engine frame. r 5

The connecting rods 5a and 6a belonging-to the I pistons of thecylinders arranged in the front row and the connecting rods 5b and 5b belonging to.

the pistons of the cylinders arranged in the rear row, are all journaled on corresponding-crank pins of the crank shaft 9. The webs of the cranks are designed as disks co-axial with the crank shaft, i. e. the disk Ill mounted at the one end of the shaft 9 and the disk 65 mounted on the end pin 64 of the adjacent divisional crank shaft and further the intermediate disks I la and I lb. The disks Ila and llb are each provided with an annular lubrication channel 13a and l3b respectively co-axial with the crank shaft and shaped as a slot opening radially outwards in which slot cylinder there is a reciprocable piston 5| co-operating with air inlet ports 52 and exhaust ports 53. Liquid fuel is supplied from a fuel pump 51 through the line 5| and is sprayed into the combustion chamber 56 through an injection nozzle 55 in which chamber it is finely divided and ignited by the high temperature of the air charge at this moment compressed in the chamber 56;

The crank case 58 serves as a scavenging air pump and receives additional air from a separate compressor, not shown, via a tube 59. As will be described further below the crank case is divided so that each cylinder with its appertaining piston cooperates with its own individual crank case compartment.

In the section shown in' so The engine is divided into two different divi- Fig. 1 corresponding to division A there is shown a-corresponding divisional crank shaft 9 which,

Thus the end 60 formed to a pin 63 inserted into the end pin 64 of another divisional crank shaft belonging to a lubrication oil supply pipe Ida and Mb respectively is inserted from below. Said pipes may be supplied with lubrication oil from a source of pressure oil not shown on the drawing. Each pipe carries at its interior end two oil delivery mouth of opposite directions from which lubrication oil runs down into two annular grooves I5 and l 6 formed in the lateral walls of the slotand facing the axis of rotation. In said grooves the lubrication oil isretained by the centrifugal force and is pressed therefrom via the branch conduits Ila and [lb respectively to the corresponding crank pin bearing. Thus the crank bearings corresponding to the connecting rods 5a and 6b are fed with oil from the oil grooves of the disk Ila and the crank pin bearings corresponding to the connecting rods 5b and 5a are fed from-the oil groove in the disk Ilb.

The shaft pin 63 is provided with a central axial bore 14 and its conical outside is-inserted into a corresponding recess in the shaftpin 54. Said parts are held together by means of Ta threaded bolt 69 which is screwed into the bore 14 and is provided with a central axial borelfl and traversing bores H. From the adjacent crank shaft the conduit l2 for cooling medium leads to the annular interspace 13 left between parts 63, 54 and 69. The divisional shaft 9fis further provided with associated passages 28,29, 35, 3|, 32 and 33 as well as ducts 12a, 13a, Ha,

I 10a and 14a corresponding to equivalent parts in the input side of the shaft 9.

Said ductsor passages form a continuous and. through-going communication means through the entire crank shaft of the engine including both the divisional crank shaft 9 illustrated in axial section on the drawing and further divisional crank shafts which might be abutting thereto. Said communication means is associated with a source of pressure fluid not shown on the drawing, such as a centrifugal pump, so that a cooling current of, for instance, cold water is forced through the entire length of the crank shaft from its one end outside the crank case and to its opposite end also outside the crank case, said communication means being entirely separated from the interior of the crank case.

In order to take care of the considerable heating caused particularly adjacent the crank pin bearings corresponding passages 2'9, 3! and 33 are formed with an increased heat transit surface and, for instance, provided with cooling fins 34, 35. These are preferably so arranged as to cause the cooling medium, such as water, when passing through the cooling passages to perform a rotating or whirling movement. For this purpose, the flanges 34, 35 may be in helical arrangement along the inside of the channels 23, 3!, 33. A filling member made, for instance, of a cylindrical metal sheet 36, 31 and 33 with closed end portions may be inserted in the center of the corresponding passage so that the cooling medium is forced to flow outwards towards the periphery.

As may be seen from the drawing the crank shaft between two adjacent homologous cranks corresponding to the connecting rods 5a and 5b is formed to establish the above mentioned cir cular disk 12 which is co-axial with the crank shaft, the diameter of said disk being such as to allow that the cooling passage 3i extends rectilinear between corresponding crank pin bearings whereby a simplification of design is obtained.

What I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, aplurality of pistons, a plurality of cylinders for said pistons, a crankcase having a plurality of compartments corresponding in number to the number of said cylinders, a crankshaft journaled in said crankcase and having passage means extending through said crankshaft and adapted to be connected with a source of cooling fluid, said passage means being separated from the interior of said crankcase, a plurality of disc like arms connected to said crankshaft and forming partitions separating said compartments from each other, and means associated with the crankpins of said crankshaft and separated from said passage means for conveying lubricating means to said crankpins.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of pistons, a plurality of cylinders for said pistons, a crankcase having a plurality of compartments corresponding in number to the number of said cylinders, a crankshaft journaled in said crankcase and being provided with a plurality of disc like arms, passage means extending through said crankshaft and said arms and adapted to be connected with a source of cooling fluid, said disc like arms vided with disc like arms adjacent the crankpins of said crankshaft separating said compart ments from each other, said'crankshaft also being provided with .passage means extending therethrough and through said arms and being adapted to be connected with a source of cooling fluid, said passage means being separated from the interior of said crankcase, some of said disc like arms being provided at the periphery thereof with an annular lubrication channel coaxial with the axis of rotation of said crankshaft, and conduit means communicating with said channel and leading to the adjacent crankpin for conveying lubricating fluid thereto.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of pistons, a plurality of cylinders for said pistons, a crankcase having a plurality of compartments corresponding in number to the number of said cylinders, a crankshaft journaled in said crankcase and provided with disc like arms adjacent the crankpins of said crankshaft separating said compartments from each other, said crankshaft also being provided with passage means extending therethrough and through said arms and being adapted to be connected with a source of cooling fluid, said passage means being separated fromthe interior of said crankcase, some of said disc like arms being provided at the periphery thereof with an annular lubrication channel coaxial with the axis of rotation of said crankshaft, conduit means communicating with said channel and leading to the adjacent crankpin for conveying lubricating fluid thereto, said channel being open toward the outside of the respective disc, and supply means for supplying lubricating means extending into said channel and having two spouts in opposite directions into said channel.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of pistons, a plurality of cylinders for said pistons, a crankcase having a plurality of compartments corresponding in number to the number of said cylinders, a crankshaft journaled in said crankcase and provided with disc like arms adjacent the crankpins of said crankshaft separating said compartments from each other, the crankpins of said crankshaft having a bore therethrough containing a tubular member of smaller diameter than said bore so as to form an annular channel through the respective crankpin, conduit means extend-' ing through the arms of said crankshaft for interconnecting said annular channels, said annular channels being arranged to be connected with a source of cooling fluid, cooling fins connected to said crank-pins and extending into said annular channels, conduit means associated with the periphery of some of said arms and communicating with the outside of the adjacent crankpin for conveying lubricating fluid thereto, said conduit means being separated from said compartments.

BROR ALGOR- DE WAEBN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 955,288 Schroeder Apr. 19, 1910 1,531,589 Angle Mar. 31, 1925 2,183,031 Rippingille Dec. 19, 1939 2,355,277 Daub Aug. 8., 1944

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