US2544837A - Apparatus for the continuous formation of metal in sheets - Google Patents

Apparatus for the continuous formation of metal in sheets Download PDF

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Publication number
US2544837A
US2544837A US123960A US12396049A US2544837A US 2544837 A US2544837 A US 2544837A US 123960 A US123960 A US 123960A US 12396049 A US12396049 A US 12396049A US 2544837 A US2544837 A US 2544837A
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drum
casting
metal
gas
sheet
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US123960A
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Jordan James Fernando
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JAMES JORDAN LAB
JAMES JORDAN LABORATORY
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JAMES JORDAN LAB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • B22D11/0614—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires the casting wheel being immersed in a molten metal bath, and drawing out upwardly the casting strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
    • B22D11/0625—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels the two casting wheels being immersed in a molten metal bath and drawing out upwardly the casting strip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling

Definitions

  • My invention -relatesto the-conversion of. a molten metal into sheets.
  • My invention concerns an improved casting drum wherein the molten metal is prevented from lapping" around said drum by means of a barrier of gas situated atboth ends ofsaid drum.
  • Figure 1 shows my casting drum with said'barriers of gas in position. 7
  • Figure 2 shows one end of thedrum of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows an arrangement of my drum, in combination with a dynamic .weir.
  • Figure 4 shows two of my drums, cooperating to produce one sheet.
  • revolving water-cooled drum 9 is shown contacting molten metal -.bath,40, thereby continuously producing metal sheet ll.
  • Said drum 9 is cooled by the circulating body of water 36 with which itis-filled, said circulation being achieved as cold water B enters drum 9* via the hollow drum-shaft -39 and the warmed water A leaves said drum 9 viathehollow drumshaft'38.
  • Casting face 8 is immersed beneath surface illA of molten metal bath- 40,'and' the molten metal in said bath 40 is prevented from lapping up around the ends of-saiddrum 9-by dynamic weirs l5 and I6.
  • Weirs l5 and I6 are barriers of highvelocity gas which press down upon surface 40A to form an indentation in said surface 40A of sufficient depth to exceed the depth to which casting surface 8 is immersed beneath said surface 49A. Said indentations in said surface 49A, being located at each end of said drum 9, prevent bath 40 from lapping around said ends of drum 9, and thus prevent the formation of solidified metal on said ends of drum 9. As sheet ll forms and leaves said drum 9, the level of surface 40A is maintained as bath 49 flows towards said drum 9 along hearth l8.
  • Weirs l5 and I6 are formed by directing orifices I2 and I3 towards the junctions of said surface 40A and said ends of drum 9. Said orifices l2 and I3 are connected to a source of high-pressure As thegas (not shown); The pressure exerted by weirs I5 andl6 uponsurface 49A, and the depth of the resulting indentation in said surface 40A, may be varied by varying the'pressure of gas l0 against orifices i2 and" I3, or' by varying the distances between said orifices l--2 and- I3.
  • the gas employed in saidweirs' i5 and It should be at least neutral to the-metal being cast-that is, non-oxidizing. With steel, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and helium maybe employed; with copper, carbon" monoxide ispreferred.
  • FIG 2 shows the drum of Figure 1, looking at one end of said drum 9.
  • Refractory dam M is shown skimming'ofislag layer 17 as bath 49 is led out of the casting apparatus by drum 2''.
  • Figure 3 does 'not'show the stripping drum-such asdrum 45 in Figure 2-- although such a stripping drum will in most cases be required.
  • Figure '3' shows drum 3
  • barrier or" gas 32 is simply to dam slag layer 34.
  • Said barrier is formed by orifice means 28 that passes thru roof 29 and directs gas 26 towards bath 33.
  • Gas 26 is supplied to said orifice means 28 by a high-pressure source (not shown).
  • Bath 33 is shown flowing towards drum 3! on refractory hearth 35.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further modification.
  • two casting drums 56 and 58 are shown casting the metal of bath 5
  • Said drums 56 and 58 are rotated in opposite directions, each of said drums being rotated in that direction which constitutes the shortest distance between each drums casting surface and the point of pressing contact between said drums 56 and 58.
  • Figure 4 shows the use of my barrier of gas 48 and 49 at each end of both of the casting drums, said barriers 48 and 49 being form d as orifices 51 and 59 direct gas l towards the junctions of the surface of molten metal bath and said ends of drums 56 and 58, said barriers being caused to press said metal surface down at said drum ends until said surface is just equal to, or below, the depth of immersion of casting surfaces 5 and 6, so that molten metal 5
  • Figure 4 shows the use of another barrier of gas 50 to hold back slag layer 52, so that said layer 52 does not enter the casting operation.
  • Barrier 50 is formed by means 46 which is fed by high-pressure gas 54.
  • the highpressure gas employed in these barriers of gas should be carbon monoxide, 'for this gas will protect the surface of bath 5
  • Other nonoxidizing gases may be employed in these barriers-nitrogen, argon, helium or a mixture of CO and CO2, for example.
  • Gas barriers I5, l6 and 32 may be composed of a preheated gas if the circumstances require; that is, if said barriers tend to cause the molten metal in baths 33 or 45 to solidify, said barriers 'may be preheated sufficiently to prevent this solidifying action.
  • casting faces 5, 6, I and 8 should be slightly concave, so that when the cast sheet draws in from the ends of the casting drum, the casting surface will offer no resistance to the movement of the relatively-weak sheet.
  • the axis of said concavity of the casting face of the drum must be parallel to the direction of rotation of said drum.
  • a vessel adapted to hold a pool of molten metal
  • a casting drum rotatably mounted in said vessel with a portion of its circumference extending below the normal molten metal level in said vessel, nozzles positioned above the molten metal and at each end of the casting drum, said nozzles being directed so as to cause a barrier of gas to press down into the surface of said molten metal at each end of said casting drum and at the point where said molten metal contacts said ends of said casting drum, and means for supplying said nozzles with gas under sufficient pressure to cause said barriers of gas to press down into the surface of said molten metal to a depth at least equal to the depth of immersion of said casting drum in said molten metal, so that said molten metal is prevented from contacting and solidifying on said ends of said casting drum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

J. F. JORDAN APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS FORMATION OF METAL IN SHEETS March 13,1951
2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 27. 1949 March 13, 1951 J. F. JORDAN 2,544,837
APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS FORMATION OF METAL m SHEETS Filed Oct. 27, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORz- W MOW Patented Mar. 13, 1951 UNITED lisrAres PATENT oFFicE LAPP'ARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS FORMATION OF METAL "IN SHEETS James Fernanda Jordan, Huntington Park, Galif -assignor to'James Jordan Laboratory, Hunting tonrPark Calife, a partnership Application Gctober 27, 1949, Serial No; 123,960
2 Claims.
My invention -relatesto the-conversion of. a molten metal into sheets.
Numerous attempts have been made-to'continuously cast metal strip and metal sheet." Two outstanding difficulties arose during these attempts: (1) product cleanliness, due to the oxidation of the formed product and due toentrained slag and/or dross; and (2) the formati'onof the edges of the sheet proved troublesome. With'regards to the latter, when the sheet was formedby dipping a revolving water-cooled drum into a bath of the molten metal, the molten metal lapped around the edges of the drum, resulting in the formation of a sort of channel, instead of thedesired. s m le sheet. formed channe solidified and shrunk,-the cast productbecame locked totherevolving' drum, resulting, in either a hot-tear-or in the impossible situation wherein the formed product could not be stripped off of the drum. a
My invention concerns an improved casting drum wherein the molten metal is prevented from lapping" around said drum by means of a barrier of gas situated atboth ends ofsaid drum.
Figure 1 shows my casting drum with said'barriers of gas in position. 7
Figure 2 shows one end of thedrum of Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows an arrangement of my drum, in combination with a dynamic .weir.
Figure 4 shows two of my drums, cooperating to produce one sheet.
In Figure 1, revolving water-cooled drum 9: is shown contacting molten metal -.bath,40, thereby continuously producing metal sheet ll. Said drum 9 is cooled by the circulating body of water 36 with which itis-filled, said circulation being achieved as cold water B enters drum 9* via the hollow drum-shaft -39 and the warmed water A leaves said drum 9 viathehollow drumshaft'38. Casting face 8 is immersed beneath surface illA of molten metal bath- 40,'and' the molten metal in said bath 40 is prevented from lapping up around the ends of-saiddrum 9-by dynamic weirs l5 and I6. Weirs l5 and I6 are barriers of highvelocity gas which press down upon surface 40A to form an indentation in said surface 40A of sufficient depth to exceed the depth to which casting surface 8 is immersed beneath said surface 49A. Said indentations in said surface 49A, being located at each end of said drum 9, prevent bath 40 from lapping around said ends of drum 9, and thus prevent the formation of solidified metal on said ends of drum 9. As sheet ll forms and leaves said drum 9, the level of surface 40A is maintained as bath 49 flows towards said drum 9 along hearth l8.
Weirs l5 and I6 are formed by directing orifices I2 and I3 towards the junctions of said surface 40A and said ends of drum 9. Said orifices l2 and I3 are connected to a source of high-pressure As thegas (not shown); The pressure exerted by weirs I5 andl6 uponsurface 49A, and the depth of the resulting indentation in said surface 40A, may be varied by varying the'pressure of gas l0 against orifices i2 and" I3, or' by varying the distances between said orifices l--2 and- I3. and s'aidsurface 49A; "li'h'e size of said indentatio'n may beincreased in area by increasing the distances between said orifices and saidsurface MIA-followed by increases in the pressure exerted by gas [0 against said orifices, orsaid area'of indentation may be increased by increasing the size (area) of said orifices-followed by increases in the pressure exerted by'gas it against said orifices. The area of indentation "must beat least sufii'cient to adequately cover the area ofcontact'of' said drum 9 with said surface 40Asee Figure 2.
The gas employed in saidweirs' i5 and It should be at least neutral to the-metal being cast-that is, non-oxidizing. With steel, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and helium maybe employed; with copper, carbon" monoxide ispreferred.
Figure 2 shows the drum of Figure 1, looking at one end of said drum 9. Refractory dam M is shown skimming'ofislag layer 17 as bath 49 is led out of the casting apparatus by drum 2''.
The arrangement of Figure 3 does 'not'show the stripping drum-such asdrum 45 in Figure 2-- although such a stripping drum will in most cases be required. Figure '3' shows drum 3| in cross section, and, accordingly, does not'show the \veirs which are positioned at each end of said drum 3L Barrier ofgas 32 is an elongated column of gas that is impinged towards molten metal bath 33 in order to block off slag layer 34 from the casting operation, said barrier being caused to extend entirely across the bath of metal 33 that is flowing towards casting face 1. The
function of said barrier or" gas 32 is simply to dam slag layer 34. Said barrier is formed by orifice means 28 that passes thru roof 29 and directs gas 26 towards bath 33. Gas 26 is supplied to said orifice means 28 by a high-pressure source (not shown). Bath 33 is shown flowing towards drum 3! on refractory hearth 35.
Figure 4 shows a further modification. Here, two casting drums 56 and 58 are shown casting the metal of bath 5|, said drums 5B and 58 being rotated in opposite directions in pressing contact with each other, so that the two metal sheets which are formed at casting surfaces 5 and 6 are pressed together at the point of contact between drums 56 and 58, said two cast sheets being welded together at said point of contact to form sheet 55 that leaves the casting apparatus by passing up thru roof 41. Said drums 56 and 58 are rotated in opposite directions, each of said drums being rotated in that direction which constitutes the shortest distance between each drums casting surface and the point of pressing contact between said drums 56 and 58.
The pressing contact between the two casting drums 56 and 58 results in the welding together of the two sheets to produce the single sheet 55, each of said drums 56 and 58 acting as a stripping roll for the other drum; furthermore, due to the fact that the surface of the sheet that lies next to the casting surface will always be smoother than the surface that lies away from said casting surface, the arrangement of Figure 4 will produce a much smoother sheet than when only one casting drum is being employedthe rough surface of each sheet being turned in to form the center of sheet 55.
As with Figure 2, Figure 4 shows the use of my barrier of gas 48 and 49 at each end of both of the casting drums, said barriers 48 and 49 being form d as orifices 51 and 59 direct gas l towards the junctions of the surface of molten metal bath and said ends of drums 56 and 58, said barriers being caused to press said metal surface down at said drum ends until said surface is just equal to, or below, the depth of immersion of casting surfaces 5 and 6, so that molten metal 5| will not lap around said drum ends.
As with Figure 3, Figure 4 shows the use of another barrier of gas 50 to hold back slag layer 52, so that said layer 52 does not enter the casting operation. Barrier 50 is formed by means 46 which is fed by high-pressure gas 54.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 3, three barriers of gas are acting-one at each end of drum 3% and one to hold back slag 34. In Figure 4, five barriers of gas are employedone at each end of each casting drum and one to hold back slag 52. When casting sheet steel, the highpressure gas employed in these barriers of gas should be carbon monoxide, 'for this gas will protect the surface of bath 5| and the newlyformed sheet 55 from oxidation. Other nonoxidizing gases may be employed in these barriers-nitrogen, argon, helium or a mixture of CO and CO2, for example.
Gas barriers I5, l6 and 32 may be composed of a preheated gas if the circumstances require; that is, if said barriers tend to cause the molten metal in baths 33 or 45 to solidify, said barriers 'may be preheated sufficiently to prevent this solidifying action.
When casting a metal with strong shrinkage characteristics, casting faces 5, 6, I and 8 should be slightly concave, so that when the cast sheet draws in from the ends of the casting drum, the casting surface will offer no resistance to the movement of the relatively-weak sheet. The axis of said concavity of the casting face of the drum must be parallel to the direction of rotation of said drum.
The expression sheet, as employed in the claims, denotes metal sheet or metal strip.
Having now described and shown several forms of my invention, I wish it to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specific form or arrangement of parts herein disclosed and shown, except insofar as such limitations are specified in the appended claims.
I claim as my invention:
1. In a continuous casting apparatus, a vessel adapted to hold a pool of molten metal, a casting drum rotatably mounted in said vessel with a portion of its circumference extending below the normal molten metal level in said vessel, nozzles positioned above the molten metal and at each end of the casting drum, said nozzles being directed so as to cause a barrier of gas to press down into the surface of said molten metal at each end of said casting drum and at the point where said molten metal contacts said ends of said casting drum, and means for supplying said nozzles with gas under suficient pressure to cause said barriers of gas to press down into the surface of said molten metal to a depth at least equal to the depth of immersion of said casting drum in said molten metal, so that said molten metal is prevented from contacting and solidifying on said ends of said casting drum.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 in which the casting face of said casting drum is concave, so that the solidified metal may shrink in contact with said casting drum without gripping said casting drum.
JAMES FERNANDO JORDAN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Duce May 3, 1949
US123960A 1949-10-27 1949-10-27 Apparatus for the continuous formation of metal in sheets Expired - Lifetime US2544837A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2703296A (en) * 1950-06-20 1955-03-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing a semiconductor element
US2782473A (en) * 1953-03-20 1957-02-26 Joseph B Brennan Continuous casting method and apparatus
US2825104A (en) * 1954-03-16 1958-03-04 Askania Regulator Co Method and apparatus for controlling gravity liquid flow, and for continuous metal billet casting
US2828516A (en) * 1955-02-08 1958-04-01 Koppers Co Inc Ladle for casting metal
US3861450A (en) * 1973-04-06 1975-01-21 Battelle Development Corp An improved method of formation of filament directly from molten material
US4703790A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-11-03 Brownstein Raymond G Solidified surface monitored continuous metal casting system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US723501A (en) * 1902-12-17 1903-03-24 Hermann Georges Christian Thofehrn Manufacture of steel.
US1535202A (en) * 1923-01-05 1925-04-28 John T Pratt Method of removing slag and of neutralizing fumes arising in treatment of molten metals
US1879336A (en) * 1932-02-27 1932-09-27 Frank W Foley Apparatus for forming metal strips
US1965603A (en) * 1932-05-28 1934-07-10 Harry N Low Method of and apparatus for shaping plastic materials
US2074812A (en) * 1932-10-16 1937-03-23 American Rolling Mill Co Production of sheets and other shapes from molten metal
US2171132A (en) * 1937-06-19 1939-08-29 Simons Aaron Method of forming elements from molten metal
US2457083A (en) * 1947-06-27 1948-12-21 Jordan James Fernando Process for controlling the flow of metallurgical liquids
US2468816A (en) * 1946-01-04 1949-05-03 Haynes Stellite Co Process for making composite welded articles

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US723501A (en) * 1902-12-17 1903-03-24 Hermann Georges Christian Thofehrn Manufacture of steel.
US1535202A (en) * 1923-01-05 1925-04-28 John T Pratt Method of removing slag and of neutralizing fumes arising in treatment of molten metals
US1879336A (en) * 1932-02-27 1932-09-27 Frank W Foley Apparatus for forming metal strips
US1965603A (en) * 1932-05-28 1934-07-10 Harry N Low Method of and apparatus for shaping plastic materials
US2074812A (en) * 1932-10-16 1937-03-23 American Rolling Mill Co Production of sheets and other shapes from molten metal
US2171132A (en) * 1937-06-19 1939-08-29 Simons Aaron Method of forming elements from molten metal
US2468816A (en) * 1946-01-04 1949-05-03 Haynes Stellite Co Process for making composite welded articles
US2457083A (en) * 1947-06-27 1948-12-21 Jordan James Fernando Process for controlling the flow of metallurgical liquids

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2703296A (en) * 1950-06-20 1955-03-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing a semiconductor element
US2782473A (en) * 1953-03-20 1957-02-26 Joseph B Brennan Continuous casting method and apparatus
US2825104A (en) * 1954-03-16 1958-03-04 Askania Regulator Co Method and apparatus for controlling gravity liquid flow, and for continuous metal billet casting
US2828516A (en) * 1955-02-08 1958-04-01 Koppers Co Inc Ladle for casting metal
US3861450A (en) * 1973-04-06 1975-01-21 Battelle Development Corp An improved method of formation of filament directly from molten material
US4703790A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-11-03 Brownstein Raymond G Solidified surface monitored continuous metal casting system

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