US2542814A - Hypodermic syringe - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1951 HQ5K|N$ HYPQDEBMIC SYRINGE Filed Oct. 17, 1946 INVENTOR Patented Feb. 20, 1951 HY PDDERMIC :SYRINGE Everett L. 'Hoskins, Flushing, .N. Y., assignor to Sterling Drug Inc., Wilmington, Del, a corpo ration ofDelaware Application October 17, 194.6, Serial No. 703,872

2 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to hypodermic syringes and more particularly to a cartridgecylinder unit and other appliances adapted for use in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. The essential facts concerning the construction and use of hypodermic syringes are outlined in U. S. Patent No. 2.431 406 issued to Martin Laser- .sohn. The present invention constitutes an improvement upon what is described in said Lasersohn patent.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a cartridge-cylinder unit which is so constructed as to provide means for making a connection between the cylinder and one of the stoppers confining the liquid in the cartridge.

Another object of the invention resides in the provisicn of what I herein term :a tack unit which fits into a syringe between the cartridge and the end of the syringe barrel just rearwardly of the tip thereof. said tack unit having a double needle one end of "which serves for puncturin the adjacent stopper of the cartridge and the whole needle then transmitting the contents :of the :cartridge into a patient or other desired point of discharge when expelled by the operator.

An additional object of the invention resides in the provision of an adaptor by means of which an ordinary standard or conventional glass syringe have a plain tip and a regular standard needle can be used in connection with the present invention.

Other and further objects and advantages will be appreciated by those skilled in this :art or will be apparent or pointed out hereinafter.

In the accompanyin drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical elevational view, ha ing parts broken away to disclose the underlying structure, of a standard syringe to which the present invention has been applied.

Fig. '2 is a verticalsectional view :taken through Fig. 1.

Fig. 2a. is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification of the invention.

Fig. 2b is also a fragmentary sectional View of a modification of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modified form of the invention incorporating my new adaptor.

Figs. *4 is a vertical sectional 'view taken through Fig.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, partially in section and partially in elevation, showing the use of my new tack unit in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view through Fig. 5 but with the cartridge in its rurthermost position and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the new tack unit per se.

Referring first to the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and '2, the numeral It indicates the glass barrel of a standard or convenltional medical hypodermic syringe of the Luer type. such a syringe is adapted to deliver a predetermined amount of liquid through an as- .sociated hypodermic needle, the syringe being normally aspirated and actuated in the usual way by a regular syringe plunger (not 'rillustrated) forming a part of such syringe. Syringe barrel it is etched with measuring indicia (not shown) and is commonly of 1, 5 or 10 cc. capacity. .At one end the syringe barrel [0 is provided with a tip 1 l which has a small bore 12 therethrough of the order of a capillary bore but .suilicient to permit passage of the liquid which is to be expelled from the syringe barrel. The opposite end of the syringe barrel is commonly flanged as shown at 13.

The cartridge forming a part of the present invention comprises a tubular or cylindrical cartridge member '14, preferably, but not necessarily of glass, in one end of which is a sealing stopper I5, preferably provided with a well or countersunk portion I6. Stopper [5 may be of natural or artificial rubber or of any other suitable material which can be readily pierced by a hypodermic needle and may be of the configuration shown or of any other suitable configuration, such as those stoppers and caps ordinarily used to seal biological solutions or preparations in their containers. As prepared for use, cartridge member 14 is provided with asec-ond sealingstopper H of the same or different material than stopper i5 and located in spaced relation to the stopper i5. Stopper I1 is located somewhat inwardly from the adjacent end of the member 14 so as to torm an annular collar l8. Stopper H is provided, 'as shown, on its outer surface, with a central or axial projection IQ of reduced diameter as compared with the body portion of stopper ll. This arrangement permits of the introduction of one end of a plunger or cylinder member 20, the terminal portion and/or the remainderof which is hollow so as to receive therewithin the reduced stopper projection 19. .A friction grip is set up between these two members so that the cartridge member 14 and cylinder member .20 constitute an integral unit which can be handled and used like a single structural member. Cylinder member i2! .is preierably provided with a terminal enlargement or a cap 21 (usually of rubber) to facilitate :actuaticm of such member.

In Figs. 1 and 2, members l4 and are shown as being made of hollow glass and this is desirable for reasons which will be well understood and appreciated but it is within the scope of the invention to make member 20 of solid glass or of any other suitable material such as hard rubber, metal or plastic. In the event thatcylinder member 20 is solid, one end is recessed or bored out so as to form a space or depression which can snugly receive stopper projection l9. If desired, wax or some other innocuous adhesive can be used at the connection between projection l9 and the hollow end of cylinder member 20. It is, however, within the scope of the invention to provide a connection other than a friction fit such as that indicated in Fig. 2a, with or without an adhesive. For this purpose, the upper portion of the stopper ll may be provided with a recess or depression ll having screw threads formed in the wall thereof for the reception of the externally threaded end of rod or plunger 20' which, in this case, is a metal rod or the like.

If desired, however, the projection l9 could be externally threaded and the cooperating end of cylinder member 20 complementarily formed.

Thus, in Fig. 2b the projection!!! is provided with threads l9" which mate with threading in the lower tip of tube I l. Suitable lubricating means is also provided so that stopper H or II can be moved toward stopper l5 at the proper plunger or cylinder member employed with the cartridge to make up the cartridge-cylinder unit.

As shown best in Fig. 2, hub 22 makes a frictional fit with tip I l and is provided with a double needle 23, one portion 'of which extends through the bore l2 of tip H and axially into the syringe barrel III to an extent sufficient to enable it to pierce stopper !5 and terminate in well It substantially flush with the inner surface of such stopper. It is understood of course, that the liquid or medicament 24 is confined between stoppers l5 and H, the spacing between such stoppers delimiting the volume of the medicament or of the liquid. While Figs. 1 and 2 show a friction fitfbetween hub 22 and tip H, other forms of tip and hub connection may equally well be employed without departing from the invention. For example, the external surface of tip ll may be formed with screw threads in which case the internal tip-engaging surface of the hub is pro- Ivided with complementary threads or the tip may be provided with a hub which interlocks with a special needle hub. I have found, however, that an eminently suitable form of the invention can be produced, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, by utilizing a standard or conventional hub 22a. having the usual axial bore 22a therethrough communicating with standard needle 23a. In other words,

I do not necessarily have to employ a hub and needle in which the needle is a double needle but in such case the adaptor 25 is employed. This adaptor is, in a sense, a modified hub and needle since it is provided with a suitable recess 26 into which the tip Ila of syringe barrel Ilia. snugly fits.

This friction fit may be replaced by any of the other forms of connection referred to above. The body portion of adaptor 25 is provided with an axial bore 27 which is in alignment and communicates with passage 22a of hub 22a. How- 4. ever, adaptor 25 is provided with a needle 28 which passes through bore l2a of tip I la and terminates substantially flush with the upper surface of stopper I5a in the well lea thereof, as shown in Fig. 4.

In Figs. 5," 6, and 7, I have illustrated a further form of the invention in which I employ what is herein called a tack unit. This tack unit is illustrated byitself in Fig. 7 which. shows such unit to be composed of a disk 29 through the axis of which a double needle 36 extends. This tack unit cooperates with the syringe barrel and tip in the manner shown in Figs. 5 and 6. From these figures it will be understood that the conventional syringe cylinder member, and hub and needle, have been removed leaving only the syringe barrel lllb having tip I lb. The tack unit is introduced into the syringe barrel so that 'it rests upon the end wall adjacent the tip I H) with needle 36 passingthrough the bore 12b of the said tip and projecting therebeyond for injection purposes. The other portion of the needle, which in this case is a continuous one-piece doubleended needle, extends axially within syringe barrel 10b approximately to the inner surface of stopper [5b. Thus when the cartridge-cylinder unit already described and indicated fragmentarily in Figs. 5 and 6 by the number Mb, is inserted into the syringe barrel, the said portion of the needle pierces stopper I5b and the parts ultimately assume the relative positions shown in Fig. 6. I

'The preparation of the parts for use and the manner of aspiration and use are clearly explained in the aforesaid Lasersohn patent and need not be repeated in detail here. that the liquid medicament or other liquid between the stoppers may be of any desired nature which is desired to be injected into a patient or which is desired to be tested for potency, sterility, etc. or to test functioning of the syringe. The cartridge is discarded after use since its stoppers are in abutment and the liquid has been expelled from between them. The cylinder member integrally attached thereto may be discarded or not.

as; desired or'preferred as clearly pointed out in the said Lasersohn patent. The tack unit may be discarded if so desired or it may be reclaimed by cleaning and sterilizing it since it is preferably composed of all metal parts, although the disk 29 may be composed of some other suitable material such as hard rubber, plastic etc.

Other modifications may also be made without departing from the spirit or principle hereof, as will be appreciated by physicians and laymen skilled in this art. For example, the inwardly extending portion of double needle 23 or 30 and the needle portion 28 of adaptor 25 need not necessarily terminate in the stopper well or substantially flush with the forward stopper I5, l5a or 15b since a longer needle or needle portion can equally well be employed. In such case, stopper. ll, l1, etc. is provided with a short axial counterbore for a portion only of its thickness so that the portion of the needle projecting beyondthe surface of stopper I5, [5a or [51) is receivable therein, thus enabling longer needles to be utilized, if preferred or desired, and preventing interference with the complete evacuation of the cartridge. The present invention has an additional advantage not shared by other constructions for'the present purpose, namely, that the cartridge employed may be of various capacities so that a predetermined dosage may be injected. Hence, cartridge member l4 may be of suitable It is understood length and internal diameter to provide the required dosage. The capacity of the cartridge can also be somewhate varied or controlled by the spacing of the two stoppers described. The present invention is therefore unusually versatile and adapted for precise, professional use and control in a safe and reliable manner.

The foregoing is intended as illustrative only as various other modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or principle of the invention which is rather of the scope defined by the appended claims.

I claim 1. In a hypodermic syringe adapted to aspirate blood and tissue in clear view and having a barrel, a double ended needle secured in the outer end of said barrel the inner end of which needle extends axially into the barrel and a piston plunger slidable in the barrel and removable therefrom immediately following aspiration, a cartridge-plunger unit for insertion in the barrel after removal of the piston plunger, comprising a first tube of substantially uniform external diameter less than the internal diameter of the barrel and having an imperforate stopper at each end to seal an injectible liquid therebetween, one of the stoppers being fixed to one end of the tube and adapted to be pierced by the inner end of the double-ended needle, the other stopper being slidable axially of the tube toward the first stopper to act as a plunger for ejecting the liquid from the tube, a plunger shaft, said shaft being a second tube smaller in diameter than the first tube, and said slidable stopper having one end of a larger diameter than its other end, the end of larger diameter being slidably received in the first tube and the end of smaller diameter making a snug friction fit within the second tube whereby the two tubes are secured together as a unit for insertion in the syringe barrel, said plunger shaft thereby serving to transmit manual pressure to the slidable stopper for ejecting the liquid through the needle.

2. In a hypodermic syringe adapted to aspirate blood and tissue in clear view and having a bar- 6 rel, a double ended needle secured in the outer end of said barrel the inner end of which needle extends axially into the barrel and a piston plunger slidable in the barrel and removable therefrom immediately following aspiration, a cartridge-plunger unit for insertion in the barrel after removal of the piston plunger, comprising a first tube of substantially uniform external diameter less than the internal diamete of the barrel and having an imperforate stopper at each end to seal an injectible liquid therebetween, one of the stoppers being fixed to one end of the tube and adapted to be pierced by the inner end of the double-ended needle, the other stopper being slidable axially of the tube toward the first stopper to act as a plunger for ejecting the liquid from the tube, a plunger shaft secured to the slidable stopper by adhesive whereby the tube and shaft are held together as a unit for insertion in the syringe barrel, and said plunger shaft serves to transmit manual pressure to the slidable stopper for ejecting the liquid through the needle.

EVERETT L. HOSKINS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 20,495 Cutter Sept. 7, 1937 974,531 Schwartz et al Nov. 1, 1910 1,495,924 Quale May 17, 1924 1,718,602 Smith June 25, 1929 1,728,260 Marcy Sept. 17, 1929 1,728,261 Brown Sept. 17, 1929 1,767,304 Morton June 24, 1930 1,929,247 Hein 1- Oct. 3, 1933 1,987,146 Hein Jan. 8, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 632,883 Germany July 15, 1936

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