US2541865A - Process for producing multilayer color negatives containing masking images for colorcorrection purposes - Google Patents
Process for producing multilayer color negatives containing masking images for colorcorrection purposes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2541865A US2541865A US786810A US78681047A US2541865A US 2541865 A US2541865 A US 2541865A US 786810 A US786810 A US 786810A US 78681047 A US78681047 A US 78681047A US 2541865 A US2541865 A US 2541865A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- color
- images
- layers
- cyan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 title description 15
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 39
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Disodium monopotassium ferricyanide Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101001098066 Naja melanoleuca Basic phospholipase A2 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010017 direct printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/18—Processes for the correction of the colour image in subtractive colour photography
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/06—Devices for fastening animals, e.g. halters, toggles, neck-bars or chain fastenings
- A01K1/0606—Devices for fastening animals, e.g. halters, toggles, neck-bars or chain fastenings by means of grids with or without movable locking bars
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/407—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C7/413—Developers
Definitions
- This invention relates to color photography, and more particularly to a process of producing multi-layer color ne atives containing masking images in the cyan and magenta layers for color correction purposes.
- the color negative In the production of color prints from multilayer color negatives, the color negative consists of yellow, magenta, and cyan images in the different layers.
- the cyan image represents the red, the magenta image the green, and the yellow image the blue record of the original subject.
- C'olor positive prints or transparencies may be obtained from such color negatives by direct printing onto a multi-layer color positive film or paper, or by making color separation negatives which are used for making the color positive prints.
- These color negatives do not, as a rule, completely satisfy the spectral requirements for trichromatic color reproduction.
- the magenta colored image formed by the imposition of green light upon the green sensitive layer, records the green densities. This image should transmit the blue and the red primaries, completely.
- magenta dye image can be corrected for its blue absorption.
- These masks or modifying images can be yellow in color, as suggested by the prior art, or they can be a neutral gray, composed of dye or silver.
- Another method consists of forming. masking images in the original green and red sensitive layers by a reversal processing.
- the procedure proposed, to accomplish the formation of a mask is to color develop the exposed multilayer color film and then subject it to the action of a special fixing bath whose penetration into the depth of the emulsion layer can be controlled and the fixing action thereof limited to the uppermost blue sensitive layer.
- a special fixing bath whose penetration into the depth of the emulsion layer can be controlled and the fixing action thereof limited to the uppermost blue sensitive layer.
- an object of the present invention to provide a method for obtaining, in subtractively multi-layer colored photographic color negative materials, masking images composed of silver which correct for the color deficiencies of the cyan and magenta dye images thereof.
- a further object is to provide a method for obtaining color corrected color negative materials wherein the color correction is integrally bound with the cyan and magenta dye images.
- the foregoing objects are accomplished by developing an exposed, color-developed, bleached, "and re-exposed color negative film in the usual black and white developer containing a small quantity of potassium iodide which will govern the depth at which development will start.
- the potassium iodide does not function as a developer, or fog-inhibiting agent. Its function is to control the extent below the top surface of the emulsion ,layer at which development will start.
- the potassium iodide desensitizes the upper strata of the The developing solution Hence, in the deeper sections of the emulsion layers, i. e., the magenta and cyan lay- .ers, the developing solution acts normally as though the potassium iodide were absent, since by the time the development action starts, said potassium iodide will have not penetrated to the In short,
- Bleaching i. e., converting, of all the silver negative images and any other silver, such as the colloidal silver that may be present in the yellow filter and anti-halation layers, into silver bromide by any bleach bath which does not impair the dye images already present.
- the bleach bath reconverts the negative silver images to silver bromide and these newly formed silver bromide grains are light-sensitive, so that upon reexposure and development with a developing agent containing potassium iodide, the latent images of silver bromide grains form silver images.
- the sensitivity of the reformed silver bromide grains is very much less than the sensitivity of the residual silver bromide left after cclordevelopment. Hence, ample sensitivity differential exists between the silver bromide formed by the rehalogenation of the negative silver image and the residual silver bromide to allow the formation of latent images only in the residual silver bromide.
- any black and white developer to which potassium iodide has been added may be employed, 1 prefer those developers which contain hydroquinone, or p-aminophenol as the reducing agent, because they have the least effect upon the dye images formed in the three layers.
- Example A multi-layer photographic color film such as prepared according to U. S. Patents 2,179,228; 2,179,239;-2,l86,849; 2,220,187 and 2,357,388, was exposed to a colored object and then developed for 15 minutes in a color developer of the following composition:
- the color developed film was then short-stopped in a 1% solution of acetic acid containing 1% sodium. acetate, .and washed'for 10 minutes in running water.
- the exposed silver-halides present in the cyan and magenta layers were reduced to metallic silver, thereby forming in each such layer a masking image composed of metallic silver to provide for color correction in printing. No such development took place in the yellow (uppermost) layer.
- the procedure of the foregoing example has the advantage over other masking methods in that it cuts down the number of processing steps and reduces the time of processing.
- Figure 1 is a flow diagram representing enlarged sectional views of a film showing the method of forming a masked image according to my invention. Views A, B, and C of Figure 1 illustrate the changes taking place in the film during the various stages of processing.
- I 0 is a transparent base or support having superposed thereon, layers ll,
- Layer 13 represents a filter layer.
- A illustrates a section of the multilayer color .film which has been exposed and color revealoped.
- B illustrates the same multilayer color film after it has been bleached and exposed to a controlled quantity of white light.
- C illustrates the same multilayer color film after it has been developed in a developer containing potassium iodide.
- D illustrates the'same multilayer color film after fixation.
- the blue sensitive layer being outermost, by exposing said muiti-layer mm to a colored object, color developing, whereby yellow, magenta, and cyan images are formed in the respective layers, and renalogenizing the metallic silver by bleaching, and re-exposing, the improvement which comprises exposing all layers of the bleached film to substantially white light to perbleaching, and developing the re-exposed silverhalide layers to positive silver images in the magenta and cyan layers in a black and white developer of the following composition:
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE482891D BE482891A (enrdf_load_html_response) | 1947-11-18 | ||
| US786810A US2541865A (en) | 1947-11-18 | 1947-11-18 | Process for producing multilayer color negatives containing masking images for colorcorrection purposes |
| GB11788/48A GB638406A (en) | 1947-11-18 | 1948-04-29 | Improved process for producing multi-layer photographic color negatives containing masking images for color correction purposes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US786810A US2541865A (en) | 1947-11-18 | 1947-11-18 | Process for producing multilayer color negatives containing masking images for colorcorrection purposes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2541865A true US2541865A (en) | 1951-02-13 |
Family
ID=25139649
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US786810A Expired - Lifetime US2541865A (en) | 1947-11-18 | 1947-11-18 | Process for producing multilayer color negatives containing masking images for colorcorrection purposes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2541865A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| BE (1) | BE482891A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| GB (1) | GB638406A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3284199A (en) * | 1963-05-02 | 1966-11-08 | Du Pont | Buffered stop bath for interrupted photographic development |
| CN111065611A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-04-24 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 具有改进的应力分布的玻璃基制品 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2137785A (en) * | 1936-10-09 | 1938-11-22 | Truecolour Film Ltd | Color photography and cinematography |
| US2153698A (en) * | 1936-08-22 | 1939-04-11 | Truecolour Film Ltd | Color photography and cinematography |
| US2159600A (en) * | 1936-02-06 | 1939-05-23 | Veracol Film Syndicate Ltd | Production of composite photographic images |
| US2203653A (en) * | 1937-04-27 | 1940-06-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Integral mask for color film |
| US2431996A (en) * | 1944-05-03 | 1947-12-02 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Production of color negative film containing integral masking images for color correction |
-
0
- BE BE482891D patent/BE482891A/xx unknown
-
1947
- 1947-11-18 US US786810A patent/US2541865A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1948
- 1948-04-29 GB GB11788/48A patent/GB638406A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2159600A (en) * | 1936-02-06 | 1939-05-23 | Veracol Film Syndicate Ltd | Production of composite photographic images |
| US2153698A (en) * | 1936-08-22 | 1939-04-11 | Truecolour Film Ltd | Color photography and cinematography |
| US2137785A (en) * | 1936-10-09 | 1938-11-22 | Truecolour Film Ltd | Color photography and cinematography |
| US2203653A (en) * | 1937-04-27 | 1940-06-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Integral mask for color film |
| US2431996A (en) * | 1944-05-03 | 1947-12-02 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Production of color negative film containing integral masking images for color correction |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3284199A (en) * | 1963-05-02 | 1966-11-08 | Du Pont | Buffered stop bath for interrupted photographic development |
| CN111065611A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-04-24 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 具有改进的应力分布的玻璃基制品 |
| CN111065611B (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2022-07-15 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 具有改进的应力分布的玻璃基制品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE482891A (enrdf_load_html_response) | |
| GB638406A (en) | 1950-06-07 |
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