US2539943A - Drying rayon - Google Patents

Drying rayon Download PDF

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Publication number
US2539943A
US2539943A US10212A US1021248A US2539943A US 2539943 A US2539943 A US 2539943A US 10212 A US10212 A US 10212A US 1021248 A US1021248 A US 1021248A US 2539943 A US2539943 A US 2539943A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cakes
drying
cylinders
heat
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US10212A
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English (en)
Inventor
Francis B Breazeale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzona Inc
Original Assignee
American Enka Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL65105D priority Critical patent/NL65105C/xx
Application filed by American Enka Corp filed Critical American Enka Corp
Priority to US10212A priority patent/US2539943A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2539943A publication Critical patent/US2539943A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0418—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment as cakes or similar coreless thread packages
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/06—Washing or drying
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
    • D06C2700/09—Various apparatus for drying textiles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to drying yarn in package form and more particularly to an apparatus for drying rayon packages having thread-free centers, such as cakes of rayon collected in centrifugal buckets or bobbin spun packages from which the rigid inner cores have been removed.
  • U. S. Patent No. 2,266,375 describes and claims a method of, and apparatus for, drying rayon packages under a controlled vacuum in a closed container to effect the drying of the rayon at lower temperatures than would otherwise be possible, the drying of the packages proceeding from the inside to the outside thereof.
  • the container is ⁇ provided with a number ofv cantilever supported heating cylinders extending inwardly from one end wall thereof.
  • the cylinders are each open at their supported ends to permit the circulation of a heating medium therethrough, the cylinders being closed at their unsupported ends to conne the heating medium to the interiors thereof.
  • Rayon packages may be assembled on the cylinders in any convenient manner, e. g., as shown in the patent, they may be arranged in side-byside relationship on loading tubes which are adapted to slidesnugly over their respective cylinders.
  • the diameter of each of the tubes with respect to the rayon packages is sufliciently. small to permit complete contraction of the rayon in the packages during drying.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a vacuum drier for rayon cakes which is constructed of materials that permit a maximum of heat of conduction and radiation at the interiors of the cakes and a minimum of heat of radiation from the shell lof the drier.
  • Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of a vacuum drier constructed in accordance with this invention
  • Figure 2 is a transverse sectional on lines 2-2 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 illustrates in detail an enlargement of one of the loading tubes
  • Figure 4 shows a modified form in partial section of the drier.
  • the numeral I0 inew taken Il dicates the vacuum drier which in general layout, is similar to that shown in the above mentioned Patent No. 2,266,375.
  • this drier does not have an expensive insulating material, such as cork, lining the interior ci the drier, since it was found that the cork liner was inefficient in that it did not prevent heat from radiating from the shell of the drier ontothe cakes.
  • the drier I has a metallic lining II of low thermal emissivity covering the interior of the shell I2 and hinged door I3. This lining II has a bright surface and may be constructed of aluminum, tin, stainless steel. etc. y
  • the drier is provided with a plurality of heating cylinders I4, the open ends of which are integrally fixed to a plate I5 at the rear of the drier, and are closed at their other ends at I6.
  • the plate I5 is spaced a short distance from the closed rend I1 of the drier and forms a header chamber I8 therewith. This chamber serves as a space for introducing and exhausting the fluid heating medium through pipes I9 and 20 respectively.
  • the heating medium after it passes through the inlet pipe I9, is forced into the heat- 4ing cylinders I4 by way of smaller pipes 2
  • loading tube 22 which in its finished form has a very high thermal emissivity. This is effected by painting the outside of the loading tube black. Rayon packages 23, having thread-free centers, are arranged side by side in contact on this loading tube 22. The diameter of the tube is suiciently less than that of the rayon packages to permit complete contraction on drying.
  • Each of the loading tubes 22 is adapted to be slidably mounted on each of the heating cylinders III in such a manner that the open end remote from the door I3 abuts against insulating ring pads 2t.
  • a bright or polished metal cap 30 is placed over the end of each loading tube 22 just far enough to be inserted under the front edge of the cake.
  • an insulating material 3I may be deposited within the cap. Radiant heat from the shell of the drier onto the cakes is reduced to a minimum by means of the bright or polished surface lining II, and when the door I3 is closed and secured by lock nuts 32, a hermetically sealed, temperatureand pressure-proof chamber is formed.
  • Airv and moisture are evacuated from the chamber by means of pipe line 33 connected to a vacuum pump (not shown)
  • the vacuum drier disclosed in Figure 1. is for all practical purposes, fool-proof, and effects substantially optimum drying conditions.
  • the relatively inexpensive bright, shiny lining on the interior o f the shell of the drier reduces all heat of radiation from the shell onto the cakes to a minimum, and the utilization of black loading tubes effects a maximum amount of heat of conduction and radiation onto the interiors of the packages which substantially reduces the drying cycle.
  • the modification shown in partial section in Figure 4 is similar in most respects to the drier shown in Figure 1.
  • the shell 34 is double walled, forming an air gap between the inner and outer walls of approximately one inch, which acts very much the same as a thermos bottle.
  • the door 35 is also double walled, although the space between the walls is less.
  • the interior walls of the shell and the door are lined with a shiny metal at 36. This shiny metal extends around the ends 31 and 33 of the double wall of the shell 34.
  • a similar bright metal lining 39 is applied to the inside surface of the inner wall of the shell and of the door which together constitute the inner shell of this modification.
  • the outside of the loading tubes must always be black to permit a maximum heat of radiation.
  • the loading tubes t snugly over the heating cylinders, it is not necessary to paint the inside of the loading tubes black.
  • the interior and exterior of the tubes should be painted black, and also the outside of -the heating cylinder should be painted black.
  • Vacuum drying requires an absolute pressure within the drier of approximately 15 mm. mercury. Under these conditions the temperature at the outside of the cakes is in the neighborhood of 17 C. (the boiling point of water at this pressure). Inasmuch as the air on the outside of the vacuum drier varies from about 21 to 35 C. during the year, it is apparent that the vacuum drier shell, is at all times, at a higher temperature than the outside of the cakes, at least during the initial period of each drying cycle. Therefore, heat would normally be radiated from the shell of the drier onto the cakes, and particularly to thosel closest to the inner shell of the drier.
  • the thermal emissivity of this surface is greatly reduced, and therefore the heat transfer from the shell to the cakes is minimized. This substantially prevents the barre effect which is caused by unsatisfactory or uneven shrinkage.
  • Apparatus for drying rayon cakes which comprises a container, means for hermetically sealing and ere cuating the same, a metallic lirici of lower thermal elz'issivity surrounding the in- ⁇ terior shell of the container, a plurality of iniperforate heating cylinders arranged within the space defined by said liner, means to support cakes over said heating cylinders in a position to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said liner, and means to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said liner from areas of the cylinders not covered by the cakes, said liner eiectively minimizing radiation of heat from the shell of the container to the cakes so that the cylinders constitute the sole source of heat to the container and the heat is conilned to the interiors of the cakes whereby the temperature at the outside of the cakes is lower than the temperature on the outside of the container at least during the initial drying period and drying of the cakes takes place progressively from the inside to the outside of the cakes without premature drying at the outsides thereof.
  • Apparatus for drying rayon cakes which comprises a container, means for hermetically sealing and evacuating the same, a metallic hner of low thermal emissivity surrounding the interior shell of the container, a plurality of im ⁇ perforate heating cylinders arranged within the space defined by saidliner, loading tubes of high thermal emissivity to support cakes over said heating cylinders in a position to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said liner, and means to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said liner from areas of the cylinders not covered by the cakes, said liner effectively minimizing radiation of heat from the shell of the container to the cakes so that the cylinders constitute the sole source of heat to the container and the heat is coniined to the interiors of the cakes whereby the temperature at the outside of the cakes is lower than the temperature on the outside of the container at least during the initial drying period and drying of the cakes takes place progressively from the inside to the outside of the cakes without premature drying at the outsides thereof.
  • Apparatus for drying rayon cakes which comprises a container. means for hermetically sealing and evacuating the same, a metallic liner having a coefficient of thermal emissivity less than 0.2 surrounding the interior shell of the container, a plurality of imperforate heating cylinders arranged within the space defined by said liner, loading tubes having a coeflicient of thrma1 emissivity greater than 0.8 to support cakes over said heating cylinders in a position to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said liner, and
  • Apparatus for ⁇ drying rayon cakes which comprises a container, means for hermetically sealing and evacuating the same, at liest two metallic liners of ⁇ low thermal emissivity surrounding the interior shell of the container, a plurality of imperforate heating cylinders arranged within the space defined by said liners.
  • said liners effectively minimizing radiation ci heat from the shell of the container to the cakes so that the cylinders constitute the sole source of heat to the container and the heat is con- Afined to the interiors of the cakes whereby the temperature at the outside of the cakes is lower than the temperature on the outside of the container at least during the initial drying period and drying of the cakes takes place progressively from the inside to the outside of the cakes without primature drying at the outsides thereof.
  • Apparatus for drying rayon cakes which comprises a, container, means for hermetically sealing and evacuating the same, a bright polished aluminum foil surrounding the interior shell of the container, a plurality of imperforate heating cylinders arranged within the space dened by said foil, black loading tubes to support cakes over said heating cylinders in a position to ⁇ prevent radiation from said cylinders to said foil, and means to prevent radiation from said cylinders to said foil from areas of the cylinders not covered by the cakes, said foil effectively minimizing radiation of heat from the shell of the container to the cakes so that the cylinders constitute the sole source of heat to the container and the heat is coniined to the interiors of the cakes ⁇ whereby the temperature at the outside of the cakes is lower than the 4temperature on the outside of container atleast during the initial drying period and drying of the cakes takes place progressively from the inside to the outside of the cakes without premature drying at the outsides thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US10212A 1948-02-24 1948-02-24 Drying rayon Expired - Lifetime US2539943A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL65105D NL65105C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1948-02-24
US10212A US2539943A (en) 1948-02-24 1948-02-24 Drying rayon

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10212A US2539943A (en) 1948-02-24 1948-02-24 Drying rayon

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US2539943A true US2539943A (en) 1951-01-30

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US (1) US2539943A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL65105C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672068A (en) * 1969-12-31 1972-06-27 Albert Challen Wilkison Method and apparatus for drying materials
US4090312A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-05-23 Fts Systems, Inc. Freeze dryer particularly adapted for freeze drying materials having highly corrosive vapors
US4304051A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-12-08 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for drying paper-wound bushings
US4702014A (en) * 1984-06-25 1987-10-27 Fritz Karrer Method of and an apparatus for drying fibrous material

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156845A (en) * 1937-03-27 1939-05-02 Johan Georg Wilhelm Gentele Method of and apparatus for drying substances in vacuo
US2266375A (en) * 1933-08-31 1941-12-16 American Enka Corp Process and apparatus for drying packages of artificial silk
US2377177A (en) * 1941-09-08 1945-05-29 Rubatex Products Inc Reflective vulcanizing chamber

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2266375A (en) * 1933-08-31 1941-12-16 American Enka Corp Process and apparatus for drying packages of artificial silk
US2156845A (en) * 1937-03-27 1939-05-02 Johan Georg Wilhelm Gentele Method of and apparatus for drying substances in vacuo
US2377177A (en) * 1941-09-08 1945-05-29 Rubatex Products Inc Reflective vulcanizing chamber

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672068A (en) * 1969-12-31 1972-06-27 Albert Challen Wilkison Method and apparatus for drying materials
US4090312A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-05-23 Fts Systems, Inc. Freeze dryer particularly adapted for freeze drying materials having highly corrosive vapors
US4304051A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-12-08 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for drying paper-wound bushings
US4702014A (en) * 1984-06-25 1987-10-27 Fritz Karrer Method of and an apparatus for drying fibrous material

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Publication number Publication date
NL65105C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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