US2535825A - Commutator - Google Patents

Commutator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2535825A
US2535825A US52727A US5272748A US2535825A US 2535825 A US2535825 A US 2535825A US 52727 A US52727 A US 52727A US 5272748 A US5272748 A US 5272748A US 2535825 A US2535825 A US 2535825A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hub
commutator
bars
portions
blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US52727A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eric C Wahiberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrolux Corp
Original Assignee
Electrolux Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE491107D priority Critical patent/BE491107A/xx
Application filed by Electrolux Corp filed Critical Electrolux Corp
Priority to US52727A priority patent/US2535825A/en
Priority to FR994657D priority patent/FR994657A/fr
Priority to GB23101/49A priority patent/GB662603A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2535825A publication Critical patent/US2535825A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/006—Structural associations of commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
    • H01R43/08—Manufacture of commutators in which segments are not separated until after assembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • My invention relates to commutators for electric motors, and more particularly to commutators of the type wherein a metal blaik, which ultimately is to form the bars, is stamp-d from a flat sheet with anchoring tabs extending from opposite edges of the blank, the blank thereafter being wrapped around a hub structure, the tabs bent inwardly to anchoring position and the blank thereafter slotted to form the individual bars.
  • One of the objects of my invention is to provide a commutator of this type, which however is not subject to the above disadvantage, while still being relatively inexpensive.
  • This I accomplish by providing a hub of metal which has ample mechanical strength and is not adversely affected by heat and ozone.
  • This hub is insulated from the commutator bars by being encased in two cup-shaped members of insulating material, preferably made of moulded paper impregnated with an insulating compound. These cups are economical to manufacture and to apply to the metal hub.
  • 1' form portions of the slots by the initial stamping operation. This not only reduces the length of cut necessary to complete the separation of the bars, but also assures that all of the metal which has to be cut is directly and firmly supported by the hub structure, which assures that it is cleanly and completely out through and that no burs or bridges are left between the bars.
  • a further object of my invention is the provision of improved means for securing the armature leads to the commutator bars.
  • a tongue is struck up from each of the anchor tabs on one side of the blank, this preferably being done as a part of the initial stamping operation. These tongues are so positioned with respect to the tabs that when the latter are bent inwardly to anchoring position, the tongues are automatically caused to extend outwardly at a suitable angle to the axis of commutator so that the leads may be wrapped around them. This eliminates the usual staking operation heretofore employed to secure the leads in short slots formed in the bars.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view, taken on the line il of Fig. 2, of a portion of an armature of an electrical motor embodying a commutator in accordance with my invention
  • Fig. 2 is an end view of the commutator shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of a metal blank which is employed in the construction of the commutator shown in the preceding figures;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of member.
  • reference character It! designates generally a metal blank stamped from sheet copper or any other metal suitable for use as the bars of a commutator.
  • This blank includes a continuous central portion II from the opposite side edges of which extend aligned projections it.
  • the root portions of these projections H, which are adjacent to the continuous central portion 82, have straight sides, as is indicated at It, whereas the tip portions have tapered sides as shown at 18.
  • a tongue 20 is struck out of each of bhe projections It on one side of the central portion.
  • the material forming the tongue is severed from the projection along two sides and one end of the tongue, the opposite end of the tongue remaining integral with the projection This juncture between the tongue and the projection is substantially in alignment with the juncture between the straight and tapered portions of the projection.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a completed commutator in assembled relation on the armature shaft 22 of an electrical motor.
  • the commutator includes a hub member 24 made preferably of steel or other suitable material which has a high mechanical strength and is not adversely affected by high temperatures and ozone. Hub 24 is formed with an insulating an annular flange 26 at each end thereof.
  • each of the members It includes a skirt portion ill, the inner diameter of which is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the hub 24, and an end portion 32 which has a configuration conforming to the end of the hub 24.
  • the end portion 32 is formed with a central opening 34 through which extends the armature shaft 22.
  • the members 23 are made of moulded paper impregnated with a suitable insulating compound.
  • two of the cup-shaped members 2e are employed to encase the metal hub 26, one being slipped on to the hub from each end and consequently the ends of the skirt portions 30 are in abutting relationship.
  • a strip 35 of mica or other suitable insulating material may be wrapped around the skirt portions so as to bridge the joint between their abutting ends, while at the same time increasing the thickness of the insulation around the cylindrical portion of the hub.
  • the parts are so dimensioned that the axial length of the hub 26, including the flanges 25 is substantially equal to the distance a as shown on Fig. 3. Consequently, before the projections are-bent into clamping position, only the tapered end portions thereof extend axially beyond the hub and hence the bending begins at about the juncture of the straight and tapered portions.
  • the end portions are made tapered so that, when bent inwardly around the flanges of the hub, there is sufiicient'clearance between adjacent projections so that they do not overlap or contact each other.
  • blank III After blank III has been secured to the hub structure in a manner above described, it is slotted to form separate commutator bars by cutting through the central portion l2 between the inner ends of the straight s ded slots.
  • the length. of the cutting required to completely separate the bars is obviously reduced, thus speeding up this operation, and in addition all of the metal which has to be removed during the cutting operation is directly and firmly supported by the hub structure.
  • circular saw which, because of the soft nature of copper, would be apt to draw out the metal any place where it were not firmly supported, instead of cutting all the way through. If this were to occur there would remain an electrical connection between adjacent bars.
  • the purpose of the tongue 20 is to provide means for securing the armature leads 40 to the commutator bars.
  • it has been the practice to bring out excessively long leads during the winding of the armature, which leads are subsequently secured to the bars, as by stak- This cutting operation is performed by 'a j ing them into small slots formed in the bars and thereafter cutting on the excess length.
  • the tongues at. on the other hand, it is unnecessary to bring out excessively long leads, inasmuch as the leads may be looped around the tongue which, as is shown in Fig. I. extend at an angle and away from the armature winding. This not only saves a certain amount of material, but completely eliminates the separate staking operation.
  • solder may be applied where the loam are looped around the tongues. or the tongues may be bent down slightly after the leads have been looped therearound in order to clamp the leads between the tongues and the adjacent portions of the bars. Moreover, should a tongue ac cidentally be completely sheared from the bar. the lead may be staked in the conventional manner into the slot thus formed.
  • a piece of tape 62 may be wound around the leads 46 in order to hold them securely in place to thus prevent them from howing outwardly under the action of centrifugal force.
  • washers 3d may be placed at each end of the hub and within the inturned ends of the projections it. i have found it suitable to use felt washers which, when saturated with impregnating compound during the regular impregnating of the completed armature, become rigid and serve to prevent the inturned ends of the projections from moving inwardly away from the flanges 25. Hence, the washers aid in looking the projections in anchoring position.
  • this step may be performed after the armature has been wound and impregnated. This has the advantage that the impregnating compound cannot get in the central portions of the slots and the compound which does get in the preformed end portions,
  • a cylindrical metal hub In a commutator, a cylindrical metal hub, a pair of insulating members each having a cylindrical skirt portion and an end wall formed members insulating said tabs from the end sur-.
  • a cylindrical metal hub having an axially extending peripheral flange an end wall conforming to the flanged end of said hub, said insulating members enclosing said hub to insulate the cylindrical and end surfaces thereof, a plurality of commutator bars circumferentially disposed around the insulated hub, and an anchor tab extending from each end of each bar, said tabs being bent inwardly around said flanges to secure said bars, said insulating members and said hub in assembled relationship.
  • a cylindrical metal hub a pair of insulating members each having a cylindrical skirt portion and an end wall formed with a central aperture, said insulating members enclosing said hub with the ends of the skirt portions adjacent to each other to insulate the cylindrical and end surfaces of the hub, a band of insulating material surrounding both skirt portions and bridging the joint between the adjacent ends thereof to increase the thickness of the insulation on the cylindrical surface of the hub, a plurality of commutator bars circumferentially disposed around the insulated hub, and anchor tabs extending radially inwardly from said bars for securing the latter, said members, said band and said hub in assembled relationship, the end walls of said members insulating said tabs from the end surfaces of the hub.
  • a cylindrical metal hub means for insulating the cylindrical and end surfaces of said hub, a plurality of commutator bars circumferentially disposed around the in sulated hub, anchor tabs extending from the ends of said bars and being bent inwardly around the end of said hub for securing the bars to the hub, and a tongue struck out from each of the tabs at one end of the commutator, the tongues being secured to the tabs in the bent portions of the latter and free from unbent portions of the bars, whereby the tongues extend at an angle to said unbent portions.
  • a shaft, a winding on said shaft, -a commutator mounted on said shaft comprising a cylindrical metal hub, means for insulating the cylindrical and end surfaces of said hub, a plurality of commutator bars circumferentially disposed around the insulated hub, anchor tabs extending from the ends of said bars and being bent inwardly around the end of said hub for securing the bars to the hub and a tongue projecting outwardly from each bar and extending at an angle away from said winding, and leads from said winding looped around said tongues and clamped between the tongues and adjacent portions of said commutator bars.
  • a cylindrical metal hub having an axially extending peripheral flange at each end thereof, a pair of insulating members each having a cylindrical skirt portion and an end wall conforming to the flanged end of said hub, said insulating members enclosing said hub to insulate the cylindrical and end surfaces thereof, a plurality of commutator bars circumferentially disposed around the insulated hub, an anchor tab extending from each end of each bar, said tabs being bent inwardly around said flanges to secure said bars, said insulating members and said hub in assembled relationship, and a tongue struck out from a bent portion of each of the tabs at one end of the commutator.
  • a metal commutator blank comprising a continuous center portion and a plurality of projections extending laterally from opposite side edges thereof, each projection having a root portion with substantially parallel side edges and a tip portion tapering outwardly from the root portion whereby the center portion will be firmly supported during a subsequent cutting operation.
  • a metal commutator blank comprising a continuous central portion and a plurality of projections extending laterally from opposite side edges thereof, and a tongue struck out from each of the projections on one side of said central portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
US52727A 1948-10-04 1948-10-04 Commutator Expired - Lifetime US2535825A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE491107D BE491107A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1948-10-04
US52727A US2535825A (en) 1948-10-04 1948-10-04 Commutator
FR994657D FR994657A (fr) 1948-10-04 1949-09-05 Collecteur pour moteurs électriques
GB23101/49A GB662603A (en) 1948-10-04 1949-09-06 Commutators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52727A US2535825A (en) 1948-10-04 1948-10-04 Commutator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2535825A true US2535825A (en) 1950-12-26

Family

ID=21979520

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US52727A Expired - Lifetime US2535825A (en) 1948-10-04 1948-10-04 Commutator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2535825A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE491107A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR994657A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB662603A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2826707A (en) * 1955-04-12 1958-03-11 Hoover Co Commutators for dynamo-electric machines
US3061749A (en) * 1959-07-09 1962-10-30 Hoover Ball & Bearing Co Commutator
US3209186A (en) * 1963-04-23 1965-09-28 Robbins & Myers Cushioned commutator leads
US3212170A (en) * 1961-04-28 1965-10-19 Black & Decker Mfg Co Armature and method of making the same
US3395449A (en) * 1963-04-04 1968-08-06 Globe Tool Eng Co Progressively winding armature coils and deforming coil lead portions in commutator br slots
US3519863A (en) * 1969-01-02 1970-07-07 Stanley Works Commutator lead mounting

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1207359A (en) * 1915-04-05 1916-12-05 Michael Aufiero Commutator.
US1323696A (en) * 1919-12-02 kaisling
US1550528A (en) * 1925-02-12 1925-08-18 Fitzgerald Mfg Co Commutator
US1578793A (en) * 1920-07-03 1926-03-30 Vincent G Apple Commutator and the method of making it
US1813333A (en) * 1928-04-28 1931-07-07 Wilson Gardiner Cushing Molded commutator assembly
US1898929A (en) * 1929-05-16 1933-02-21 Herbert F Apple Commutator and method of making it
US2211979A (en) * 1938-03-21 1940-08-20 Homer Commutator Corp Commutator
US2451500A (en) * 1945-04-26 1948-10-19 Fairchild Engineering Company Method of making commutators

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1323696A (en) * 1919-12-02 kaisling
US1207359A (en) * 1915-04-05 1916-12-05 Michael Aufiero Commutator.
US1578793A (en) * 1920-07-03 1926-03-30 Vincent G Apple Commutator and the method of making it
US1550528A (en) * 1925-02-12 1925-08-18 Fitzgerald Mfg Co Commutator
US1813333A (en) * 1928-04-28 1931-07-07 Wilson Gardiner Cushing Molded commutator assembly
US1898929A (en) * 1929-05-16 1933-02-21 Herbert F Apple Commutator and method of making it
US2211979A (en) * 1938-03-21 1940-08-20 Homer Commutator Corp Commutator
US2451500A (en) * 1945-04-26 1948-10-19 Fairchild Engineering Company Method of making commutators

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2826707A (en) * 1955-04-12 1958-03-11 Hoover Co Commutators for dynamo-electric machines
US3061749A (en) * 1959-07-09 1962-10-30 Hoover Ball & Bearing Co Commutator
US3212170A (en) * 1961-04-28 1965-10-19 Black & Decker Mfg Co Armature and method of making the same
US3395449A (en) * 1963-04-04 1968-08-06 Globe Tool Eng Co Progressively winding armature coils and deforming coil lead portions in commutator br slots
US3209186A (en) * 1963-04-23 1965-09-28 Robbins & Myers Cushioned commutator leads
US3519863A (en) * 1969-01-02 1970-07-07 Stanley Works Commutator lead mounting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB662603A (en) 1951-12-05
BE491107A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR994657A (fr) 1951-11-21

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