US2521024A - Starter for heavy-oil engines - Google Patents

Starter for heavy-oil engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2521024A
US2521024A US790804A US79080447A US2521024A US 2521024 A US2521024 A US 2521024A US 790804 A US790804 A US 790804A US 79080447 A US79080447 A US 79080447A US 2521024 A US2521024 A US 2521024A
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United States
Prior art keywords
starter
armature
winding
heavy
pinion
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Expired - Lifetime
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US790804A
Inventor
Saives Leon
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Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Renault SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
    • F02N2011/0892—Two coils being used in the starting circuit, e.g. in two windings in the starting relay or two field windings in the starter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2250/00—Problems related to engine starting or engine's starting apparatus
    • F02N2250/02—Battery voltage drop at start, e.g. drops causing ECU reset

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in electric starters for heavy-oil engines, and concerns the type of device in which a driving pinion acting on the starter is engaged by the displacement of the armature.
  • the aforesaid pinion is brought into engagement at low power.
  • the displacement of the armature operates a contact which closes the circuit of the exciting coil of an electromagnet contact maker and thus enables the starter to develop its full power, this phase constituting the second stage.
  • the operation of the starter button ensures, on the one hand, the feeding of an auxiliary series winding of small section in order to complete the first stage, and on the other hand the feeding of the exciting coil of an electro-magnetic contact maker, the circuit of which is only closed by a suitable contact for the second stage when the armature has been displaced and has eilected the engagement of the pinion.
  • the auxiliary series field winding is replaced by a shunt field winding which will have the effect of moving the armature longitudinally, in its frame while the rotation of the armature at low speed for efiecting the displacement of the pinion in the first stage is effected by feeding it through a resistance which will be short-circuited in the second stage at the moment when, the engagement of the pinion having been effected, the starter can develop its full power.
  • the auxiliary shunt winding retains its full effectiveness, so that it is a question of a compound motor and not of a series motor, which affords many disadvantages as wil1 hereinafter be explained.
  • the series winding 2 is replaced by a shunt winding 2
  • the elements I, 3, 4, 5 and 6 act durin the first starting stage as in the preceding known case.
  • a resistance 8 connected across the starter button I and the field winding 1. and armature 3 enables the starter to be made to function at reduced power during the first stage, the auxiliary shunt winding 2 being simultaneously excited.
  • the contact 4 closes when the pinion is in engage ment, thus exciting the coil of the contact maker 6, the closing of which short-circuits the resistance 8.
  • the principal winding I is then fed at the same time as the secondary winding 2 at the nominal voltage of the accumulator battery.
  • the starter turns at full power and functions in compound under the simultaneous action of the winding 1 and of the auxiliary winding 2 which retains its full eflfectiveness.
  • This device prevents the automatic returns of the armature to its inoperative position and consequently the disengagement of the pinion, while the heavy-oil engine tends only to start, the current absorbed by the starter at this instant not being sufficient to ensure the maintenance of the armature in its frame, since the series winding of large section has by construction only a small number of turns.
  • a two stage starter for internal combustion motors comprising an axially movable armature for driving a pinion for engagement with the starter, a main series field winding for said armature, an auxiliary shunt field winding for the armature to effect an axial movement thereof, a source of energizing potential, switch means for providing circuits respec- I 3 tiveLv from said source to said au'xiiiary and said main fields, said circuit to said main field inciuding a voltage dropping resistance whereby an initial slow rotation of the armature by the main iieid is effected during the axial movement of said armature.
  • the starter combination according to claim 1 further including means for short 'circuiting said dropping resistance, and means for actuating said shorting means including an electromagnetic contactor and a. circuit therefor, and a contact in said last named circuit operated by the conclusion of the axial movement of said arms.- ture whereby upon said pinion engaging the starter, the armature is driven with full power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Description

Sept. 5, 1950 L. SAIVES STARTER FOR HEAVY on mamas Filed Dec. 10, 1947 INVENTOR L EON SAW ES ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 5, 1950 STARTER FOR HEAVY-01L ENGINES Leon Saives, Billancourt, France, assignor to Reglc Nationale Des Usines Renault, Biilancourt,
France Application December 10, 1947, Serial No. 790,804 In France December 10, 1946 2 Claims. (01. zoo-as) This invention relates to an improvement in electric starters for heavy-oil engines, and concerns the type of device in which a driving pinion acting on the starter is engaged by the displacement of the armature.
Owing to the fact that a considerable power is required to start heavy oil engines, a progressive action is generally aimed at and two stages are involved in making the starter develop itsiull power. I
In the first stage, the aforesaid pinion is brought into engagement at low power. When this engagement has been eflected, the displacement of the armature operates a contact which closes the circuit of the exciting coil of an electromagnet contact maker and thus enables the starter to develop its full power, this phase constituting the second stage.
In the majority of starters actin by the displacement of the armature which are at present in use, the operation of the starter button ensures, on the one hand, the feeding of an auxiliary series winding of small section in order to complete the first stage, and on the other hand the feeding of the exciting coil of an electro-magnetic contact maker, the circuit of which is only closed by a suitable contact for the second stage when the armature has been displaced and has eilected the engagement of the pinion.
According to the present invention, the auxiliary series field winding is replaced by a shunt field winding which will have the effect of moving the armature longitudinally, in its frame while the rotation of the armature at low speed for efiecting the displacement of the pinion in the first stage is effected by feeding it through a resistance which will be short-circuited in the second stage at the moment when, the engagement of the pinion having been effected, the starter can develop its full power. The auxiliary shunt winding retains its full effectiveness, so that it is a question of a compound motor and not of a series motor, which affords many disadvantages as wil1 hereinafter be explained.
In the accompanying drawing, the figure represents the installation according to the invention.
According to the present invention (Figure 2) the series winding 2 is replaced by a shunt winding 2 The elements I, 3, 4, 5 and 6 act durin the first starting stage as in the preceding known case. A resistance 8 connected across the starter button I and the field winding 1. and armature 3 enables the starter to be made to function at reduced power during the first stage, the auxiliary shunt winding 2 being simultaneously excited. For the second stage, as in the case oi Figure l, the contact 4 closes when the pinion is in engage ment, thus exciting the coil of the contact maker 6, the closing of which short-circuits the resistance 8. The principal winding I is then fed at the same time as the secondary winding 2 at the nominal voltage of the accumulator battery. The starter turns at full power and functions in compound under the simultaneous action of the winding 1 and of the auxiliary winding 2 which retains its full eflfectiveness.
The replacement of the auxiliary series winding by a shunt winding affords the following advantages:
(1) Increase of the useful power-to-weight ratio of the starter and consequently of its output, the shunt winding 2 which is always under the battery voltage (Figure 2) always being very, effective during the starting, while the series winding of small section (Figure l) is substantially ineffective, being short circuited by the series winding of large section 1.
(2) This device prevents the automatic returns of the armature to its inoperative position and consequently the disengagement of the pinion, while the heavy-oil engine tends only to start, the current absorbed by the starter at this instant not being sufficient to ensure the maintenance of the armature in its frame, since the series winding of large section has by construction only a small number of turns.
(3) It renders possible a smoother engagement of the pinion. It is possible, in fact, to act on the two variables that is to say, the thrust of the armature and the speed of rotation of the armature, by means of the resistance of the shunt winding 2 and the resistance 8 (Figure 2). With the series windin 2 (Figure 1) the action is more delicate, because in the endeavour to increase the thrust of the armature its speed of rotation is increased, which has a bad eifect on the correct engagement of the pinion.
(4) It prevents racing of the armature during no-load,running, since the motor is a compound motor and not a series motor.
I claim:
1. In a two stage starter for internal combustion motors, the. combination comprising an axially movable armature for driving a pinion for engagement with the starter, a main series field winding for said armature, an auxiliary shunt field winding for the armature to effect an axial movement thereof, a source of energizing potential, switch means for providing circuits respec- I 3 tiveLv from said source to said au'xiiiary and said main fields, said circuit to said main field inciuding a voltage dropping resistance whereby an initial slow rotation of the armature by the main iieid is effected during the axial movement of said armature.
2. The starter combination according to claim 1, further including means for short 'circuiting said dropping resistance, and means for actuating said shorting means including an electromagnetic contactor and a. circuit therefor, and a contact in said last named circuit operated by the conclusion of the axial movement of said arms.- ture whereby upon said pinion engaging the starter, the armature is driven with full power.
LEON SAIVES.
4 nsrnnnuczs mm The following references are of record in the iiie of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS France July 15, 1936
US790804A 1946-12-10 1947-12-10 Starter for heavy-oil engines Expired - Lifetime US2521024A (en)

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FR2521024X 1946-12-10

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB378343A (en) * 1931-06-13 1932-08-11 Bosch Robert Improvements in electrical starting motors for internal combustion engines
US1931200A (en) * 1931-03-14 1933-10-17 Louette Joseph Ernest Octave Starter
FR803680A (en) * 1935-06-26 1936-10-06 Improvements to starters for internal combustion engines
GB456056A (en) * 1935-01-30 1936-10-30 Mainud Starter Ltd Improvements in electrical starting devices for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1931200A (en) * 1931-03-14 1933-10-17 Louette Joseph Ernest Octave Starter
GB378343A (en) * 1931-06-13 1932-08-11 Bosch Robert Improvements in electrical starting motors for internal combustion engines
GB456056A (en) * 1935-01-30 1936-10-30 Mainud Starter Ltd Improvements in electrical starting devices for internal combustion engines
FR803680A (en) * 1935-06-26 1936-10-06 Improvements to starters for internal combustion engines

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