US2515013A - Vapor compression distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Vapor compression distillation apparatus Download PDF

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US2515013A
US2515013A US661130A US66113046A US2515013A US 2515013 A US2515013 A US 2515013A US 661130 A US661130 A US 661130A US 66113046 A US66113046 A US 66113046A US 2515013 A US2515013 A US 2515013A
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pipe
distillation apparatus
vapor compression
steam
compressor
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US661130A
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Edward R Kruhmin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
    • B01D1/289—Compressor features (e.g. constructions, details, cooling, lubrication, driving systems)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
    • B01D1/284—Special features relating to the compressed vapour
    • B01D1/2846—The compressed vapour is not directed to the same apparatus from which the vapour was taken off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/24—Critical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/11—Batch distillation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/18—Control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/21—Acrylic acid or ester

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to an improved vapor compression distillation apparatus and more particularly to a distilling apparatus employing diflerential pressure within the apparatus for condensing the steam vapors from the fiuid under distillation.
  • the raw material is passed to a concentrate separator, thence to a turbine compressor and thence to a super heater.
  • the superheated steam is then passed to condensing and cooling means where the pure liquid is obtained.
  • the figure is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus of my invention.
  • a container I for the raw material having an outlet pipe 2 and a valve 3.
  • Pipe 4 from the valve connects with an evaporator vacuum regulator i and the pipe 8 passes through the hydrometer 1 to the separator 8.
  • a heating chamher I is furnished with a gas burner I and the gas therefor is fed through pipe I I from a source of supply.
  • Steam gauge I2 is provided on the separator casing and pipe l3 carries vapor to the compressor turbine through pipe I! to the superheater It.
  • This superheater It includes an upper air intake l1 and a preheater I. for the air which then passes through the pipe Hi to the fire box.
  • the fire in the fire box supplies heat for the superheater coil connected with pipe l5 and from the coil the steam passes through pipe 2
  • a shaft 23 operably connects the turbine motor operated by the steam from the superheater with the compressor I4.
  • a bracket 28 supporting the pivotal arm 29 and the float 30 A valve rod 2
  • radiator R for the pipe I3 to supply additional heat to the vapors in the pipe prior to entrance into the compressor when the operation is in its initial stages. After the compressed vapors have been superheated, no additional heat will be required, and it has been found that under certain conditions, the gas burner I0 may be out off and the operation will continue due to the pressure of the compressor on the vapors, the raw solution having been preheated in its passage through chambers A, B, and C.
  • a distillation apparatus comprising: A feed container for feed liquid; indirect heat exchange means; conduit means for passing the feed liquid from the feed container to said indirect heat exchange means; a vaporization chamber; conduit means for passing the feed liquid from said heat exchange means to the vaporization chamber; a liquid level control valve in the vaporization chamber; a liquid outlet in the vaporization chamber, said liquid outlet being controlled by said valve and acting to remove liquid residue from the vaporization chamber; a conduit for passing said liquid residue from the liquid outlet to said indirect heat exchange means; thereby permittingthe liquid residue to preheat the feed liquor; means for removing the liquid residue from the heat exchange means; a vapor outlet in the vaporization chamber; a vapor compressor; means for passing the vapors from said vapor outlet to the vapor compressor; a superheater; means for passing the vapors from the vapor compressor to the superheater; heating means in the superheater for heating the vapors; a turbine;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Description

July 11, 1950 E. R. KIRUHMIN VAPOR COMPRESSION DISTILLATION APPARATUS Filed April 10, 1946 I N VEN TOR.
EDWARD R. KRUHMIN ATTORNEYS Patented July 11, 1950 VAPOR COMPRESSION DISTILLATION APPARATUS Edward R. Kruhmin, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Application April 10, 1946, Serial No. 661,130
1 Claim. 1
My present invention relates to an improved vapor compression distillation apparatus and more particularly to a distilling apparatus employing diflerential pressure within the apparatus for condensing the steam vapors from the fiuid under distillation.
According to my invention, the raw material is passed to a concentrate separator, thence to a turbine compressor and thence to a super heater. The superheated steam is then passed to condensing and cooling means where the pure liquid is obtained.
Other and more specific advantages and details of operation will be disclosed hereinafter.
In the accompanying drawing I have iilustrated one complete example oi the physical embodiment of my invention according to the best mode I have thus far devised but it will be understood that various changes and alterations may be made in the exemplified structure within the scope of the appended claim.
In the drawings:
The figure is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus of my invention.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, I have shown a container I for the raw material having an outlet pipe 2 and a valve 3. Pipe 4 from the valve connects with an evaporator vacuum regulator i and the pipe 8 passes through the hydrometer 1 to the separator 8. A heating chamher I is furnished with a gas burner I and the gas therefor is fed through pipe I I from a source of supply.
Steam gauge I2 is provided on the separator casing and pipe l3 carries vapor to the compressor turbine through pipe I! to the superheater It. This superheater It includes an upper air intake l1 and a preheater I. for the air which then passes through the pipe Hi to the fire box. The fire in the fire box supplies heat for the superheater coil connected with pipe l5 and from the coil the steam passes through pipe 2| to the turbine motor 22. A shaft 23 operably connects the turbine motor operated by the steam from the superheater with the compressor I4.
Steam leaving the turbine 22 passes through pipe 24 past gauge 25 through heat exchange chambers C and A and thence to thermostat 2B and outlet pipe 21, as a distilled product.
Within the separator 8 I employ a bracket 28 supporting the pivotal arm 29 and the float 30. A valve rod 2| attached to the pivotal arm connects below with a valve 32 and the valve 32 is connected with the pump 33. The withdrawn I4 and the compressed vapors pass concentrate from the pump 33 passes through a nipple 34 having a valved outlet 35 to pipe 36. and the other side of the nipple connects with pipe 3'! leading through the raw solution preheater B.
Inoperation a small fire is started in the superheater and an amount of raw solution is admitted to the separator 8. The gas burner I0 is ignited and steam vapors from the separator pass to the compressor I4 to the superheater coil 20. The steam expands in the coil and then moves to the turbine motor 22 operating the same. The operation of the turbine motor supplies through shaft 23 motive power for the compressor and more steam will be passed therethrough now under pressure. The steam from the turbine then passes to the condenser C to the raw solution preheater A and then to discharge.
Under some circumstances it may be desirable to provide a radiator R for the pipe I3 to supply additional heat to the vapors in the pipe prior to entrance into the compressor when the operation is in its initial stages. After the compressed vapors have been superheated, no additional heat will be required, and it has been found that under certain conditions, the gas burner I0 may be out off and the operation will continue due to the pressure of the compressor on the vapors, the raw solution having been preheated in its passage through chambers A, B, and C.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
A distillation apparatus comprising: A feed container for feed liquid; indirect heat exchange means; conduit means for passing the feed liquid from the feed container to said indirect heat exchange means; a vaporization chamber; conduit means for passing the feed liquid from said heat exchange means to the vaporization chamber; a liquid level control valve in the vaporization chamber; a liquid outlet in the vaporization chamber, said liquid outlet being controlled by said valve and acting to remove liquid residue from the vaporization chamber; a conduit for passing said liquid residue from the liquid outlet to said indirect heat exchange means; thereby permittingthe liquid residue to preheat the feed liquor; means for removing the liquid residue from the heat exchange means; a vapor outlet in the vaporization chamber; a vapor compressor; means for passing the vapors from said vapor outlet to the vapor compressor; a superheater; means for passing the vapors from the vapor compressor to the superheater; heating means in the superheater for heating the vapors; a turbine;
exchange means.
EDWARD R. KRUHMIN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 86,515 Eaton Feb. 2, 1869 585,943 Waterhouse July 6, 1897 760,440 Forbes May 24, 1904 1,391,811 Well Sept. 27, 1921 1,461,640 Wirth-Frey July 10, 1923 1,529,233 Barbet Mar. 10, 1925 1,827,846 Hoimquist Oct. 20, 1931 2,055,385 Noack Sept. 22, 1936 2,066,151 Johanson Dec. 29, 1936 4 Number Name Date 2,159,859 Graeminger May 23, 1939 2,184,845 Noack Dec. 28, 1939 2,280,093 Kleinschmidt Apr. 21, 1942 5 2,305,810 Muller Dec. 22, 1942 2,339,862 Kleinschmidt Jan. 25, 1944 2,375,640 Ford May 8, 1945 2,379,183 Price June 26, 1945 2,389,064 Latham Nov. 13, 1945 10 2,389,789 Latham Nov. 2'7, 1945 2,410,450 Kroon Nov. 5, 1946 2,441,361 Kirgan May 11, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS 5 Number Country Date 181,482 Great Britain June 14, 1922 117,806 Australia Dec. 9,.1943 157,413 Switzerland May 11, 1948 20 OTHER REFERENCES Prldgeon, "Calculation of Vapor Recompression Evaporators," Chem. and Met. Eng, June 25, 1923, vol. 28, No. 25, p ges 1109-1111.
Killefler, Making Heat Wash Overtime,
25 sscientiflc American, October 1946, pages 153 to
US661130A 1946-04-10 1946-04-10 Vapor compression distillation apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2515013A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2842194A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-07-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Apparatus for manufacture of catalysts
US3088882A (en) * 1959-10-23 1963-05-07 Justice Company Solar still
US3147598A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus for evaporating impure water
US3192130A (en) * 1960-02-08 1965-06-29 Jr John E Pottharst Forced circulation evaporator
US3356591A (en) * 1961-04-17 1967-12-05 Adolphe C Peterson Method and apparatus for distillation of materials in solution by direct and indirect contact with air
US3408262A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-10-29 Albert J. Matye Turbine blower type distillation system for conversion of saline water
US3438869A (en) * 1967-01-13 1969-04-15 Miguel A Saavedra System for conversion of sea water into fresh water
US3455791A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-07-15 Nash Engineering Co Vapor compression distillation with lobe ring compressor
US3468762A (en) * 1965-06-09 1969-09-23 Max P Klitzsch Distillation of sea water using steam turbine electric generator and solar still
US3535210A (en) * 1966-11-30 1970-10-20 Linde Ag Evaporation of liquid natural gas with an intermediate cycle for condensing desalinized water vapor
US3784449A (en) * 1971-03-15 1974-01-08 G Merrill Apparatus and method for generating electricity
US3864215A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-02-04 Alanson J Arnold Method of Distilling Sea Water on Small Ships and Marine Platforms Having Internal Combustion Engine
US4035243A (en) * 1976-04-28 1977-07-12 Jerome Katz Method and apparatus for high volume distillation of liquids
US4102752A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-07-25 Rugh Ii John L Municipal water supply system
US4282070A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-08-04 Dan Egosi Energy conversion method with water recovery
US4369097A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-01-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus of distillation for readily polymerizable liquid
US4420373A (en) * 1978-05-30 1983-12-13 Dan Egosi Energy conversion method and system

Citations (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US86515A (en) * 1869-02-02 Improvement in feed-water heaters for steam-generators
US585943A (en) * 1897-07-06 Process of and apparatus for distilling liquids
US760440A (en) * 1903-08-07 1904-05-24 John S Forbes Apparatus for evaporating or distilling.
US1391811A (en) * 1918-11-23 1921-09-27 Ella S Weil Steam system for manufacturing salt and the like
GB181482A (en) * 1921-03-14 1922-06-14 Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag Method of operating evaporation plants heated with compressed vapours
US1461640A (en) * 1921-08-15 1923-07-10 Firm Ag Kummler & Matter Process and apparatus for evaporating liquids
US1529233A (en) * 1925-03-10 Emile augustin barbet
US1827846A (en) * 1930-01-08 1931-10-20 Fred N Holmquist Apparatus for distilling liquids
CH157413A (en) * 1931-03-24 1932-09-30 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Device for carrying out experiments with steam engines, in particular steam turbines.
US2055385A (en) * 1933-08-08 1936-09-22 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Pulverizing plant
US2066151A (en) * 1930-01-16 1936-12-29 Goetaverken Ab Reciprocating steam engine
US2159859A (en) * 1938-05-09 1939-05-23 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Link or strut
US2184845A (en) * 1933-08-08 1939-12-26 Noack Walter Gustav Pulverizing, combustion, and heat transfer plant
US2280093A (en) * 1941-05-01 1942-04-21 Little Inc A Distillation method and apparatus
US2305810A (en) * 1937-12-12 1942-12-22 Muller Alfred Regulating device for height aircraft engines with two compressors
US2339862A (en) * 1940-12-23 1944-01-25 Little Inc A Apparatus for and method of distillation
US2375640A (en) * 1942-07-09 1945-05-08 Ford Reginald Clarence Means for distilling liquids
US2379183A (en) * 1942-07-30 1945-06-26 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Auxiliary steam plant for aircraft
US2389064A (en) * 1943-02-24 1945-11-13 Little Inc A Method of and apparatus for distillation
US2389789A (en) * 1943-02-10 1945-11-27 Little Inc A Distillation method and apparatus
US2410450A (en) * 1943-01-30 1946-11-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Turbine apparatus
US2441361A (en) * 1945-03-27 1948-05-11 Kirgan John Vapor compression still with liquid level cutoff

Patent Citations (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US86515A (en) * 1869-02-02 Improvement in feed-water heaters for steam-generators
US585943A (en) * 1897-07-06 Process of and apparatus for distilling liquids
US1529233A (en) * 1925-03-10 Emile augustin barbet
US760440A (en) * 1903-08-07 1904-05-24 John S Forbes Apparatus for evaporating or distilling.
US1391811A (en) * 1918-11-23 1921-09-27 Ella S Weil Steam system for manufacturing salt and the like
GB181482A (en) * 1921-03-14 1922-06-14 Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag Method of operating evaporation plants heated with compressed vapours
US1461640A (en) * 1921-08-15 1923-07-10 Firm Ag Kummler & Matter Process and apparatus for evaporating liquids
US1827846A (en) * 1930-01-08 1931-10-20 Fred N Holmquist Apparatus for distilling liquids
US2066151A (en) * 1930-01-16 1936-12-29 Goetaverken Ab Reciprocating steam engine
CH157413A (en) * 1931-03-24 1932-09-30 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Device for carrying out experiments with steam engines, in particular steam turbines.
US2184845A (en) * 1933-08-08 1939-12-26 Noack Walter Gustav Pulverizing, combustion, and heat transfer plant
US2055385A (en) * 1933-08-08 1936-09-22 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Pulverizing plant
US2305810A (en) * 1937-12-12 1942-12-22 Muller Alfred Regulating device for height aircraft engines with two compressors
US2159859A (en) * 1938-05-09 1939-05-23 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Link or strut
US2339862A (en) * 1940-12-23 1944-01-25 Little Inc A Apparatus for and method of distillation
US2280093A (en) * 1941-05-01 1942-04-21 Little Inc A Distillation method and apparatus
US2375640A (en) * 1942-07-09 1945-05-08 Ford Reginald Clarence Means for distilling liquids
US2379183A (en) * 1942-07-30 1945-06-26 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Auxiliary steam plant for aircraft
US2410450A (en) * 1943-01-30 1946-11-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Turbine apparatus
US2389789A (en) * 1943-02-10 1945-11-27 Little Inc A Distillation method and apparatus
US2389064A (en) * 1943-02-24 1945-11-13 Little Inc A Method of and apparatus for distillation
US2441361A (en) * 1945-03-27 1948-05-11 Kirgan John Vapor compression still with liquid level cutoff

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2842194A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-07-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Apparatus for manufacture of catalysts
US3088882A (en) * 1959-10-23 1963-05-07 Justice Company Solar still
US3192130A (en) * 1960-02-08 1965-06-29 Jr John E Pottharst Forced circulation evaporator
US3356591A (en) * 1961-04-17 1967-12-05 Adolphe C Peterson Method and apparatus for distillation of materials in solution by direct and indirect contact with air
US3147598A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus for evaporating impure water
US3468762A (en) * 1965-06-09 1969-09-23 Max P Klitzsch Distillation of sea water using steam turbine electric generator and solar still
US3408262A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-10-29 Albert J. Matye Turbine blower type distillation system for conversion of saline water
US3535210A (en) * 1966-11-30 1970-10-20 Linde Ag Evaporation of liquid natural gas with an intermediate cycle for condensing desalinized water vapor
US3455791A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-07-15 Nash Engineering Co Vapor compression distillation with lobe ring compressor
US3438869A (en) * 1967-01-13 1969-04-15 Miguel A Saavedra System for conversion of sea water into fresh water
US3784449A (en) * 1971-03-15 1974-01-08 G Merrill Apparatus and method for generating electricity
US3864215A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-02-04 Alanson J Arnold Method of Distilling Sea Water on Small Ships and Marine Platforms Having Internal Combustion Engine
US4035243A (en) * 1976-04-28 1977-07-12 Jerome Katz Method and apparatus for high volume distillation of liquids
US4102752A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-07-25 Rugh Ii John L Municipal water supply system
US4282070A (en) * 1978-05-30 1981-08-04 Dan Egosi Energy conversion method with water recovery
US4420373A (en) * 1978-05-30 1983-12-13 Dan Egosi Energy conversion method and system
US4369097A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-01-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus of distillation for readily polymerizable liquid

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