CN104667550B - MVR continuous evaporation system - Google Patents
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种MVR连续蒸发系统，该系统可以适用于不同蒸发压力的要求，实现连续稳定进料和连续出料的自动化控制。本发明的系统包括有通过管道、控制阀及相关泵连接的原料平衡罐、主体蒸发器、气液分离器、冷凝液储罐、蒸汽压缩机、真空系统及至少三个换热装置，所述的原料平衡罐的底部连接进料泵入口，并通过换热装置与主体蒸发器的顶端的一个区间入口连接，所述的主体蒸发器中含有多个蒸发区间，在主体蒸发器的底端设有气液收集腔并依次通过接力泵连接下一个蒸发区间，最后一个蒸发区间的浓缩液通过换热装置对原料预热；所述的主体蒸发器壳程连接冷凝液储罐，蒸汽冷凝水通过冷凝液储罐连接换热装置，可预热原料。
The invention discloses an MVR continuous evaporation system, which can be adapted to the requirements of different evaporation pressures and realize automatic control of continuous and stable feeding and continuous discharging. The system of the present invention includes a raw material balance tank, a main body evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a condensate storage tank, a steam compressor, a vacuum system and at least three heat exchange devices connected by pipelines, control valves and related pumps. The bottom of the raw material balance tank is connected to the inlet of the feed pump, and is connected to a section inlet on the top of the main body evaporator through a heat exchange device. The main body evaporator contains multiple evaporation sections, and the bottom of the main body evaporator is set There is a gas-liquid collection chamber and is connected to the next evaporation section through a relay pump in turn, and the concentrated liquid in the last evaporation section passes through the heat exchange device to preheat the raw material; the shell side of the main evaporator is connected to the condensate storage tank, and the steam condensate passes through The condensate storage tank is connected to a heat exchange device to preheat raw materials.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种蒸发系统，更具体地说涉及一种MVR连续蒸发系统。The present invention relates to an evaporation system, more specifically to an MVR continuous evaporation system.
背景技术Background technique
蒸发浓缩是工业生产过程中重要的操作单元，尤其是在发酵，废水处理，化工，海水淡化和造纸等领域。传统的蒸发工艺中所用的主要热源是蒸汽，蒸发设备是采用降膜蒸发器构成的多效蒸发系统，尽管多效蒸发系统可以多次利用二次蒸汽并重复利用了热能，但仍需要消耗大量的蒸汽，而且随着效数的增多，蒸汽潜热的利用率会降低，体积比较庞大。Evaporation and concentration is an important operation unit in the industrial production process, especially in the fields of fermentation, wastewater treatment, chemical industry, seawater desalination and papermaking. The main heat source used in the traditional evaporation process is steam, and the evaporation equipment is a multi-effect evaporation system composed of falling film evaporators. Although the multi-effect evaporation system can use secondary steam for many times and reuse heat energy, it still needs to consume a lot of steam, and as the number of effects increases, the utilization rate of steam latent heat will decrease, and the volume will be relatively large.
MVR即机械式蒸汽再压缩技术的英文缩写，英文全称为MechanicalVaporRecompression。其主要的技术特点是将系统产生的全部二次蒸汽通过蒸汽压缩机的再压缩提高蒸汽的温度，压力和热焓值，重新作为热源加热料液。因此，MVR蒸发系统除需要少量的启动蒸汽外，系统稳定运行后消耗的只是蒸汽压缩机运转需要的部分电能。从能源的来源和利用率上来看，蒸汽主要来自于煤炭的燃烧产生的附加值，不仅消耗大量的不可再生资源而且对环境的污染较大，而电能的来源相对较广泛，污染相对较小。MVR是一种蒸汽内循环系统，而且二次蒸汽再利用过程中会有损失，因此MVR系统的运行稳定性十分重要。进料温度，进料量，蒸发压强，压缩蒸汽温度，蒸发器壳程压力等因素直接影响着系统的稳定运行，特别是对于大规模工业生产中，MVR蒸发浓缩系统一旦启动运行，其优势就体现在连续作业上。因此MVR运行过程的系统设计其稳定连续运行的重要因素。MVR is the English abbreviation of mechanical vapor recompression technology, and its full English name is Mechanical Vapor Recompression. Its main technical feature is to recompress all the secondary steam generated by the system through the steam compressor to increase the temperature, pressure and enthalpy of the steam, and use it as a heat source to heat the liquid again. Therefore, in addition to a small amount of start-up steam, the MVR evaporation system only consumes part of the electric energy required for the operation of the steam compressor after the system runs stably. From the perspective of energy source and utilization rate, steam mainly comes from the added value generated by the combustion of coal, which not only consumes a large amount of non-renewable resources but also causes great pollution to the environment, while the source of electric energy is relatively extensive and the pollution is relatively small. MVR is a steam internal circulation system, and there will be losses during the secondary steam reuse process, so the operation stability of the MVR system is very important. Feed temperature, feed amount, evaporating pressure, compressed steam temperature, evaporator shell side pressure and other factors directly affect the stable operation of the system, especially for large-scale industrial production, once the MVR evaporation and concentration system is started, its advantages will be reflected in continuous operation. Therefore, the system design of the MVR operation process is an important factor for its stable and continuous operation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决上述现有技术中存在的问题与不足，提供一种MVR连续蒸发系统，该系统可以适用于不同蒸发压力的要求，实现连续稳定进料和连续出料的自动化控制。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems and deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, and provide an MVR continuous evaporation system, which can be adapted to the requirements of different evaporation pressures and realize automatic control of continuous and stable feeding and continuous discharging.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其包括有通过管道、控制阀及相关泵连接的原料平衡罐、主体蒸发器、气液分离器、冷凝液储罐、蒸汽压缩机、真空系统及至少三个换热装置，所述的原料平衡罐的底部连接进料泵入口，并通过换热装置与主体蒸发器的顶端的一个区间入口连接，所述的主体蒸发器中含有多个蒸发区间，在主体蒸发器的底端设有气液收集腔并依次通过接力泵连接下一个蒸发区间，最后一个蒸发区间的浓缩液通过换热装置对原料预热；连续蒸发系统刚开始运行的热源是来自于外部生蒸汽通入主体蒸发器的壳程，管程中料液吸收热量后沸腾汽化产生二次蒸汽通过气液分离器的分离纯化连接到蒸汽压缩机入口，经过压缩后的高温高压蒸汽重新作为新鲜热源连接到主体蒸发器的壳程，系统稳定后便撤去外部生蒸汽的通入，所述的主体蒸发器壳程连接冷凝液储罐，蒸汽冷凝水通过冷凝液储罐连接换热装置，可预热原料；所述的真空系统包括有真空泵、两个真空冷凝器、不凝性气体过滤器、压力变速器与两个控制阀组成，主体蒸发器壳程中压力及不凝性气体的排出是通过压力变送器与控制阀反馈调节完成。The MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention includes a raw material balance tank, a main body evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a condensate storage tank, a steam compressor, a vacuum system and at least three replacement tanks connected by pipelines, control valves and related pumps. Heat device, the bottom of the raw material balance tank is connected to the inlet of the feed pump, and is connected to an interval inlet on the top of the main body evaporator through a heat exchange device. There is a gas-liquid collection chamber at the bottom of the device, which is connected to the next evaporation section through a relay pump in turn, and the concentrated liquid in the last evaporation section preheats the raw material through the heat exchange device; the heat source of the continuous evaporation system at the beginning of operation is from the external production The steam is passed into the shell side of the main evaporator, and the material liquid in the tube side absorbs heat and then boils and vaporizes to generate secondary steam, which is separated and purified by the gas-liquid separator and connected to the inlet of the steam compressor, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is used as a fresh heat source again It is connected to the shell side of the main evaporator. After the system is stable, the external raw steam is removed. The shell side of the main evaporator is connected to the condensate storage tank, and the steam condensate is connected to the heat exchange device through the condensate storage tank, which can be pre-heated. hot raw material; the vacuum system includes a vacuum pump, two vacuum condensers, a non-condensable gas filter, a pressure transmitter and two control valves, and the discharge of the pressure and non-condensable gas in the shell side of the main evaporator is through The feedback adjustment of the pressure transmitter and the control valve is completed.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案是所述的原料平衡罐上安装液位传感器并与进料管路形成反馈调节，同时在物料泵的出口安装流量计和控制阀反馈控制。The further technical solution of the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention is to install a liquid level sensor on the raw material balance tank to form a feedback adjustment with the feed pipeline, and to install a flow meter and a control valve for feedback control at the outlet of the material pump.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的主体蒸发器在原料液在进入其中前需要预热至一个稳定的温度，首先原料液分别与冷凝水和浓缩液在换热装置中进行预热，最后通过以蒸汽为热源的换热装置，在原料液进入主体蒸发器前的管路中安装温度传感器与蒸汽管路上的控制阀形成反馈调节。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that the main body evaporator needs to be preheated to a stable temperature before the raw material liquid enters it. First, the raw material liquid is replaced with condensed water and concentrated liquid respectively. Preheating is carried out in the heating device, and finally through the heat exchange device using steam as the heat source, a temperature sensor is installed in the pipeline before the raw material liquid enters the main evaporator and the control valve on the steam pipeline forms a feedback adjustment.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的主体蒸发器最后一个蒸发区间的出口管路上安装有浓度传感器，分别与不同的管支路形成并联控制，当浓缩液浓度没有达到预定要求时，开启通往平衡罐的控制阀；当浓缩液浓度达到预定要求时，开启浓缩液收集管路；当系统停止浓缩需要清洗时，手动开启通往CIP罐的阀门。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that a concentration sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline of the last evaporation section of the main body evaporator, which forms parallel control with different pipe branches respectively, and when the concentrated liquid concentration When the predetermined requirements are not met, open the control valve leading to the balance tank; when the concentration of the concentrate reaches the predetermined requirements, open the concentrate collection pipeline; when the system stops concentrating and needs to be cleaned, manually open the valve leading to the CIP tank.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的气液分离器的顶端安装有压力传感器分别与蒸汽压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门和通往主体蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门形成反馈调节，当系统的压力低于设定值时，开启通往主体蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门增加蒸汽换热量，以便产生更多的二次蒸汽提高料液蒸发压力；当系统的压力高于设计值时，开启蒸汽压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门，少量的二次蒸汽和不凝性气体在排出的同时，料液蒸发系统的压力相应也降低，经过冷凝后的二次蒸汽冷凝液集中到不凝性气体过滤器底部，不凝性气体则由真空泵排出系统外。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that a pressure sensor is installed on the top of the gas-liquid separator, which is respectively connected with the branch exhaust valve of the secondary steam at the inlet of the steam compressor and the evaporation valve leading to the main body. The live steam valve on the shell side of the evaporator forms a feedback adjustment. When the system pressure is lower than the set value, the fresh steam valve leading to the shell side of the main evaporator is opened to increase the steam heat exchange, so as to generate more secondary steam to improve the feedstock. Liquid evaporation pressure; when the system pressure is higher than the design value, open the secondary steam bypass valve at the inlet of the steam compressor, a small amount of secondary steam and non-condensable gas are discharged, and the liquid evaporation system The pressure is correspondingly reduced, and the condensed secondary steam condensate is collected at the bottom of the non-condensable gas filter, and the non-condensable gas is discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的主体蒸发器壳程上安装压力传感器与真空系统的控制阀反馈调节，当壳程压力超过设定值时，开启控制阀门开关以便降低壳程压力，此真空系统与控制料液蒸发压力的真空系统共用一个不凝性气体过滤器和真空泵；不凝性气体过滤器上安装液位传感器与凝水泵反馈控制，当蒸汽冷凝液超过规定液位时，开启凝水泵开关排出多余的冷凝水；主体蒸发器壳程中的蒸汽冷凝液进入冷凝液储罐并通过凝水泵打入换热装置对原料进行预热，在冷凝液储罐上安装液位传感器与凝水泵出口的控制阀反馈调节。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be to install a pressure sensor on the shell side of the main evaporator and feedback adjustment with the control valve of the vacuum system. When the shell side pressure exceeds the set value, the control valve is opened. The switch is used to reduce the pressure on the shell side. This vacuum system shares a non-condensable gas filter and a vacuum pump with the vacuum system that controls the evaporation pressure of the material liquid; a liquid level sensor and a condensate pump feedback control are installed on the non-condensable gas filter. When the liquid exceeds the specified liquid level, turn on the condensate pump switch to discharge the excess condensate; the steam condensate in the shell side of the main evaporator enters the condensate storage tank and enters the heat exchange device through the condensate pump to preheat the raw materials. The liquid level sensor is installed on the storage tank and the control valve at the outlet of the condensate pump is adjusted by feedback.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的蒸汽压缩机出口安装温度传感器与蒸汽压缩机进口补水的支路阀门反馈调节，根据蒸汽温度的变化调节相应的补水量。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be to install a temperature sensor at the outlet of the steam compressor and feed back the bypass valve of the water supply at the inlet of the steam compressor to adjust the corresponding water supply according to the change of the steam temperature.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统中，其进一步的技术方案还可以是所述的主体蒸发器为降膜、升膜或升降膜蒸发器；蒸汽压缩机为离心式压缩机或罗茨压缩机。In the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that the main body evaporator is a falling film, rising film or rising film evaporator; the vapor compressor is a centrifugal compressor or a Roots compressor.
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
①进料流量稳定：在原料平衡罐上安装液位传感器并与进料管路形成反馈调节，保证原料平衡内的料液料稳定，确保不会出现断流的状态。在物料泵的出口安装流量计和控制阀反馈控制，使进料量持续稳定的进入系统中。当蒸发结束需要清洗系统时，只需要控制液位计与CIP管路上的阀门即可。①Stable feed flow: install a liquid level sensor on the raw material balance tank and form a feedback adjustment with the feed pipeline to ensure the stability of the feed liquid in the raw material balance and ensure that there will be no cut-off state. A flow meter and control valve feedback control are installed at the outlet of the material pump, so that the amount of feed can enter the system continuously and stably. When the evaporation is over and the system needs to be cleaned, it is only necessary to control the valve on the liquid level gauge and the CIP pipeline.
②进料温度稳定：原料液在进入主体蒸发器前需要预热至一个稳定的温度，首先原料液分别与冷凝水和浓缩液在换热装置中进行预热，最后通过以蒸汽为热源的换热装置，在料液进入主体蒸发器前的管路闪安装温度传感器与蒸汽管路上的控制阀形成反馈调节，主要是通过控制蒸汽的流量达到进料温度的稳定。② Stable feeding temperature: The raw material liquid needs to be preheated to a stable temperature before entering the main evaporator. For the heating device, a temperature sensor is installed in the pipeline before the feed liquid enters the main evaporator to form a feedback adjustment with the control valve on the steam pipeline, mainly to stabilize the feed temperature by controlling the flow of steam.
③浓缩液的浓度稳定：主体蒸发器采用分区间设置，原料液进入其中一个区间蒸发浓缩后在蒸发器底部的不同气液收集腔中通过接力泵依次打入下一个区间，最终浓缩液的出口管路上安装有浓度传感器，分别与不同的管支路形成并联控制，当浓缩液浓度没有达到预定要求时，开启通往平衡罐的控制阀；当浓缩液浓度达到预定要求时，开启浓缩液收集管路；当系统停止浓缩需要清洗时，手动开启通往CIP罐的阀门即可。③The concentration of the concentrated liquid is stable: the main evaporator adopts partitions, and the raw material liquid enters one of the partitions, evaporates and concentrates, and then enters the next partition through the relay pump in different gas-liquid collection chambers at the bottom of the evaporator, and finally the outlet of the concentrated liquid Concentration sensors are installed on the pipeline, which form parallel control with different pipe branches respectively. When the concentration of the concentrate does not meet the predetermined requirements, the control valve leading to the balance tank is opened; when the concentration of the concentrate reaches the predetermined requirements, the concentrate collection is started. Pipeline; when the system stops concentrating and needs to be cleaned, manually open the valve leading to the CIP tank.
④料液蒸发压力稳定：真空度的控制需要一套真空装置系统，其中包括真空冷凝器，不凝性气体过滤器，真空泵等附属设备。在气液分离器的顶端安装一个压力传感器分别与压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门和通往蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门形成反馈调节，当系统的压力低于设定值时，开启通往蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门增加蒸汽换热量，以便产生更多的二次蒸汽提高料液蒸发压力；当系统的压力高于设计值时，开启压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门，少量的二次蒸汽和不凝性气体在排出的同时，料液蒸发系统的压力相应也降低，经过冷凝后的二次蒸汽冷凝液集中到不凝性气体过滤器底部，不凝性气体则由真空泵排出系统外。④ Stable evaporation pressure of material liquid: The control of vacuum degree requires a set of vacuum device system, including vacuum condenser, non-condensable gas filter, vacuum pump and other auxiliary equipment. A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the gas-liquid separator to form a feedback regulation with the secondary steam branch discharge valve at the compressor inlet and the fresh steam valve leading to the shell side of the evaporator respectively. When the system pressure is lower than the set value When the fresh steam valve leading to the shell side of the evaporator is opened to increase the steam heat exchange rate, so as to generate more secondary steam and increase the evaporation pressure of the material liquid; when the system pressure is higher than the design value, open the secondary steam at the inlet of the compressor The bypass valve of the steam is exhausted, and while a small amount of secondary steam and non-condensable gas are discharged, the pressure of the material-liquid evaporation system is correspondingly reduced, and the condensed secondary steam condensate is collected into the non-condensable gas filter At the bottom, the non-condensable gas is discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump.
⑤蒸发器壳程压力稳定：由于料液中夹杂着不凝性气体以及系统的密封性等原因，系统中不凝性气体会越积越多并最终集中在主体蒸发器的壳程中导致压力逐渐升高。在蒸发器壳程上安装压力传感器与真空系统的控制阀反馈调节，当壳程压力超过设定值时，开启控制阀门开关以便降低壳程压力，此真空系统与控制料液蒸发压力的真空系统共用一个不凝性气体过滤器和真空泵。不凝性气体过滤器上安装液位传感器与凝水泵反馈控制，当蒸汽冷凝液超过规定液位时，开启凝水泵开关排出多余的冷凝水。主体蒸发器壳程中的蒸汽冷凝液进入冷凝液储罐并通过凝水泵打入换热装置对原料进行预热，在冷凝液储罐上安装液位传感器与凝水泵出口的控制阀反馈调节，使得设备运转的连续性。⑤ Stable pressure on the shell side of the evaporator: Due to the non-condensable gas mixed in the feed liquid and the tightness of the system, the non-condensable gas in the system will accumulate more and more and finally concentrate in the shell side of the main evaporator, resulting in pressure Gradually rise. Install the pressure sensor on the shell side of the evaporator and the control valve of the vacuum system for feedback adjustment. When the shell side pressure exceeds the set value, open the control valve switch to reduce the shell side pressure. This vacuum system and the vacuum system that controls the evaporation pressure of the material liquid Share a non-condensable gas filter and vacuum pump. A liquid level sensor and condensate pump feedback control are installed on the non-condensable gas filter. When the steam condensate exceeds the specified liquid level, the condensate pump switch is turned on to discharge the excess condensate. The steam condensate in the shell side of the main evaporator enters the condensate storage tank and is injected into the heat exchange device through the condensate pump to preheat the raw material. A liquid level sensor is installed on the condensate storage tank and the control valve at the outlet of the condensate pump is adjusted by feedback. Make the continuity of equipment operation.
⑥压缩后蒸汽的温度稳定：二次蒸汽经过蒸汽压缩机的压缩后，往往是过热度很高的过热蒸汽，为了消除过热蒸汽的不利影响，在压缩机出口安装温度传感器与压缩机进口补水的支路阀门反馈调节，根据蒸汽温度的变化调节相应的补水量。⑥The temperature of the steam after compression is stable: After the secondary steam is compressed by the steam compressor, it is often superheated steam with a high degree of superheat. Feedback adjustment of the branch valve, adjust the corresponding amount of water replenishment according to the change of steam temperature.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种MVR连续蒸发系统示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention.
图中，1：原料平衡罐；2、3、8：换热装置；4：冷凝液储罐；5：气液分离器；6：主体蒸发器；7：蒸汽压缩机；9、10：真空冷凝器；11：不凝性气体过滤器；12、15、16：液位传感器；14：浓度计；17、18：压力传感器；19、33：温度传感器；22：流量计，20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32：控制阀；vp101：真空泵；pp101、pp102、pp103、pp104、pp105、pp106、pp107、pp108：输送泵。In the figure, 1: raw material balance tank; 2, 3, 8: heat exchange device; 4: condensate storage tank; 5: gas-liquid separator; 6: main evaporator; 7: steam compressor; 9, 10: vacuum Condenser; 11: non-condensable gas filter; 12, 15, 16: liquid level sensor; 14: concentration meter; 17, 18: pressure sensor; 19, 33: temperature sensor; 22: flow meter, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32: control valve; vp101: vacuum pump; pp101, pp102, pp103, pp104, pp105, pp106, pp107, pp108: transfer pump.
图2为本发明具体实施方式主体蒸发器的区间分布。Fig. 2 is the interval distribution of the main body evaporator according to the specific embodiment of the present invention.
图中，34：一区间；35：二区间；36：三区间；37：四区间。In the figure, 34: one interval; 35: two intervals; 36: three intervals; 37: four intervals.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例一Embodiment one
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明，本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统，其包括有通过管道、控制阀及相关泵连接的原料平衡罐1、主体蒸发器6、气液分离器5、冷凝液储罐4、蒸汽压缩机7、真空系统及三个换热装置2、3、8，所述的原料平衡罐1的底部连接进料泵入口，并通过换热装置2、3与主体蒸发器6的顶端的一个区间入口连接，所述的主体蒸发器6中含有四个蒸发区间34、35、36、37，在主体蒸发器6的底端设有气液收集腔并依次通过接力泵连接下一个蒸发区间，最后一个蒸发区间的浓缩液通过换热装置8对原料预热；连续蒸发系统刚开始运行的热源是来自于外部生蒸汽通入主体蒸发器6的壳程，管程中料液吸收热量后沸腾汽化产生二次蒸汽通过气液分离器5的分离纯化连接到蒸汽压缩机7入口，经过压缩后的高温高压蒸汽重新作为新鲜热源连接到主体蒸发器6的壳程，系统稳定后便撤去外部生蒸汽的通入，所述的主体蒸发器6壳程连接冷凝液储罐4，蒸汽冷凝水通过冷凝液储罐4连接换热装置3，可预热原料；所述的真空系统包括有真空泵、两个真空冷凝器9、10、不凝性气体过滤器11、压力变速器与两个控制阀组成，主体蒸发器壳程中压力及不凝性气体的排出是通过压力变送器与控制阀反馈调节完成。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described, the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention, it comprises the raw material balance tank 1 that is connected by pipeline, control valve and relevant pump, main body evaporator 6, gas-liquid separator 5, condensation Liquid storage tank 4, steam compressor 7, vacuum system and three heat exchange devices 2, 3, 8, the bottom of the raw material balance tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the feed pump, and evaporates with the main body through the heat exchange devices 2, 3 The top of the main evaporator 6 is connected to the entrance of a section at the top. The main evaporator 6 contains four evaporation sections 34, 35, 36, 37. A gas-liquid collection chamber is arranged at the bottom of the main evaporator 6 and passes through the relay pump in sequence. Connecting to the next evaporation section, the concentrated liquid in the last evaporation section preheats the raw material through the heat exchange device 8; the heat source of the continuous evaporation system at the beginning of operation is from the shell side of the main evaporator 6 from the external raw steam, and the tube side After the feed liquid absorbs heat, it boils and vaporizes to generate secondary steam, which is separated and purified by the gas-liquid separator 5 and connected to the inlet of the steam compressor 7, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is reconnected to the shell side of the main evaporator 6 as a fresh heat source, and the system After stabilization, the introduction of external raw steam is removed, the shell side of the main evaporator 6 is connected to the condensate storage tank 4, and the steam condensed water is connected to the heat exchange device 3 through the condensate storage tank 4, which can preheat the raw material; The vacuum system consists of a vacuum pump, two vacuum condensers 9 and 10, a non-condensable gas filter 11, a pressure transmitter and two control valves. The feedback adjustment of the transmitter and the control valve is completed.
其中所述的原料平衡罐1上安装液位传感器12并与进料管路形成反馈调节，同时在物料泵的出口安装流量计13和控制阀22反馈控制。所述的主体蒸发器6在原料液在进入其中前需要预热至一个稳定的温度，首先原料液分别与冷凝水和浓缩液在换热装置2,3中进行预热，最后通过以蒸汽为热源的换热装置8，在原料液进入主体蒸发器前的管路中安装温度传感器与蒸汽管路上的控制阀24形成反馈调节。所述的主体蒸发器6最后一个蒸发区间的出口管路上安装有浓度传感器14，分别与不同的管支路形成并联控制，当浓缩液浓度没有达到预定要求时，开启通往平衡罐的控制阀30；当浓缩液浓度达到预定要求时，开启浓缩液收集管路31；当系统停止浓缩需要清洗时，手动开启通往CIP罐的阀门。所述的气液分离器的顶端安装有压力传感器17分别与蒸汽压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门27和通往主体蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门25形成反馈调节，当系统的压力低于设定值时，开启通往主体蒸发器壳程的新鲜蒸汽阀门25增加蒸汽换热量，以便产生更多的二次蒸汽提高料液蒸发压力；当系统的压力高于设计值时，开启蒸汽压缩机进口处二次蒸汽的支路排空阀门27，少量的二次蒸汽和不凝性气体在排出的同时，料液蒸发系统的压力相应也降低，经过冷凝后的二次蒸汽冷凝液集中到不凝性气体过滤器底部，不凝性气体则由真空泵vp101排出系统外。所述的主体蒸发器6壳程上安装压力传感器18与真空系统的控制阀26反馈调节，当壳程压力超过设定值时，开启控制阀门26开关以便降低壳程压力，此真空系统与控制料液蒸发压力的真空系统共用一个不凝性气体过滤器11和真空泵vp101；不凝性气体过滤器11上安装液位传感器16与凝水泵阀门29反馈控制，当蒸汽冷凝液超过规定液位时，开启凝水泵开关29排出多余的冷凝水；主体蒸发器壳程中的蒸汽冷凝液进入冷凝液储罐4并通过凝水泵pp102打入换热装置对原料进行预热，在冷凝液储罐上安装液位传感器15与凝水泵出口的控制阀23反馈调节。所述的蒸汽压缩机出口安装温度传感器19与蒸汽压缩机进口补水的支路阀门28反馈调节，根据蒸汽温度的变化调节相应的补水量。The liquid level sensor 12 is installed on the raw material balance tank 1 to form a feedback adjustment with the feed pipeline, and a flow meter 13 and a control valve 22 are installed at the outlet of the material pump for feedback control. The main body evaporator 6 needs to be preheated to a stable temperature before the raw material liquid enters it. First, the raw material liquid, the condensed water and the concentrated liquid are preheated in the heat exchange devices 2 and 3 respectively, and finally the steam is used as the For the heat exchange device 8 of the heat source, a temperature sensor is installed in the pipeline before the raw material liquid enters the main body evaporator, and the control valve 24 on the steam pipeline forms a feedback adjustment. Concentration sensors 14 are installed on the outlet pipeline of the last evaporation section of the main body evaporator 6, which form parallel control with different pipe branches respectively. When the concentration of the concentrated liquid does not meet the predetermined requirements, the control valve leading to the balance tank is opened 30: When the concentrated solution concentration reaches the predetermined requirement, open the concentrated solution collecting pipeline 31; when the system stops concentrating and needs to be cleaned, manually open the valve leading to the CIP tank. The top of the gas-liquid separator is equipped with a pressure sensor 17 to form a feedback adjustment with the secondary steam bypass valve 27 at the inlet of the steam compressor and the fresh steam valve 25 leading to the shell side of the main evaporator. When the pressure is lower than the set value, open the fresh steam valve 25 leading to the shell side of the main evaporator to increase the steam heat exchange, so as to generate more secondary steam and increase the evaporation pressure of the material liquid; when the system pressure is higher than the design value At the same time, open the secondary steam bypass valve 27 at the inlet of the steam compressor, while a small amount of secondary steam and non-condensable gas are discharged, the pressure of the material-liquid evaporation system is also reduced accordingly, and the secondary steam after condensation The steam condensate is collected at the bottom of the non-condensable gas filter, and the non-condensable gas is discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump vp101. The shell side of the main body evaporator 6 is equipped with a pressure sensor 18 and a control valve 26 of the vacuum system for feedback adjustment. When the shell side pressure exceeds the set value, the control valve 26 is opened to reduce the shell side pressure. The vacuum system and the control valve The vacuum system of the material liquid evaporation pressure shares a non-condensable gas filter 11 and a vacuum pump vp101; a liquid level sensor 16 and a condensate pump valve 29 are installed on the non-condensable gas filter 11 for feedback control, when the steam condensate exceeds the specified liquid level , turn on the condensate pump switch 29 to discharge excess condensate; the steam condensate in the shell side of the main evaporator enters the condensate storage tank 4 and enters the heat exchange device through the condensate pump pp102 to preheat the raw materials, and the condensate on the condensate storage tank Install the liquid level sensor 15 and the control valve 23 at the outlet of the condensate pump for feedback adjustment. The steam compressor outlet is equipped with a temperature sensor 19 and the branch valve 28 for replenishing water at the inlet of the steam compressor is adjusted in feedback, and the corresponding amount of replenishing water is adjusted according to the change of the steam temperature.
本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统中的MVR蒸发浓缩是一种热平衡内循环系统，适合大规模连续化操作。MVR运行过程中有一个供给热量的转换过程，因此将本发明的MVR连续蒸发系统的生产使用过程分为启动阶段、稳定运行阶段和清洗阶段。The MVR evaporative concentration in the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention is a heat balance internal circulation system, which is suitable for large-scale continuous operation. There is a heat supply conversion process during the operation of the MVR, so the production and use process of the MVR continuous evaporation system of the present invention is divided into a start-up phase, a stable operation phase and a cleaning phase.
启动阶段:Startup phase:
来自上游工况的物料由进料管进入原料平衡罐1，物料管道上的控制流量的控制阀20与原料平衡罐1上的液位传感器反馈控制，以使得原料平衡罐1内的料液量稳定。物料平衡罐1中的料液在物料输送泵pp101的抽吸作用下进入料液的预热阶段，其中在物料泵pp101的出口端安装流量计13和流量控制阀22以使得进入蒸发系统的料液连续稳定的输入。由于刚启动时换热装置2,3中没有热源，需要启动换热装置8并利用外部生蒸汽的热量加热原料，预热后的料液进入主体蒸发器6中的区间34，继而开启主体蒸发器6下方对应区间的接力泵pp103并打入下一个区间35，依次类推，最后从区间37出来的料液经过物料泵pp106输出，由于此阶段料液还未浓缩，需开启控制阀门30将料液打回原料平衡罐1，至此，物料循环管道已经畅通。The material from the upstream working condition enters the raw material balance tank 1 through the feed pipe, and the flow control valve 20 on the material pipeline is feedback-controlled with the liquid level sensor on the raw material balance tank 1, so that the amount of material liquid in the raw material balance tank 1 Stablize. The material liquid in the material balance tank 1 enters the preheating stage of the material liquid under the suction of the material delivery pump pp101, wherein a flow meter 13 and a flow control valve 22 are installed at the outlet of the material pump pp101 so that the material entering the evaporation system Liquid continuous and stable input. Since there is no heat source in the heat exchange device 2 and 3 at the beginning, it is necessary to start the heat exchange device 8 and use the heat of the external steam to heat the raw material. The preheated feed liquid enters the section 34 in the main evaporator 6, and then the main body evaporation is turned on. The relay pump pp103 corresponding to the interval below the device 6 is pumped into the next interval 35, and so on. Finally, the feed liquid from the interval 37 is output through the feed pump pp106. Since the feed liquid has not been concentrated at this stage, it is necessary to open the control valve 30 to transfer the feed liquid. The liquid is returned to the raw material balance tank 1, so far, the material circulation pipeline has been unblocked.
物料管路系统循环畅通后，打开外援生蒸汽的管路控制阀门25对料液进行加热，因刚启动时主体蒸发器6壳程中不凝性气体较多，开启控制阀26排出多余的不凝性气体。开启真空泵vp101及控制料液蒸发压力的控制阀27，排出蒸发体系中不凝性气体以及控制料液蒸发的压力。料液因吸收热量沸腾汽化产生二次蒸汽，并开启蒸汽压缩机7在较低转速下运转，二次蒸汽在蒸汽压缩机7的作用下变成高温高压的蒸汽进入主体蒸发器6的壳程，并通过压缩蒸汽出口管路上的温度传感器19与补水管道上的控制阀28反馈调节，消除压缩蒸汽的过热。After the material pipeline system circulates smoothly, open the pipeline control valve 25 of the external aid raw steam to heat the material liquid. Since there are more non-condensable gases in the shell side of the main evaporator 6 at the beginning, open the control valve 26 to discharge the excess non-condensable gas. condensable gas. Turn on the vacuum pump vp101 and the control valve 27 for controlling the evaporation pressure of the material liquid to discharge the non-condensable gas in the evaporation system and control the evaporation pressure of the material liquid. The material liquid boils and vaporizes due to heat absorption to generate secondary steam, and the steam compressor 7 is turned on to run at a lower speed. The secondary steam becomes high-temperature and high-pressure steam under the action of the steam compressor 7 and enters the shell side of the main evaporator 6 , and through the feedback adjustment of the temperature sensor 19 on the outlet pipeline of the compressed steam and the control valve 28 on the water supply pipeline, the overheating of the compressed steam can be eliminated.
主体蒸发器6中蒸汽冷凝液进入冷凝液储罐4，并通过凝水泵pp102输送至换热装置3对原料进行初步预热，预热后冷凝水进入循环水系统中。蒸发浓缩后料液含有较高的液体热，先由料液输送泵pp106输送至换热装置2，最终将浓缩液输送至下一工序中。The steam condensate in the main body evaporator 6 enters the condensate storage tank 4, and is transported to the heat exchange device 3 by the condensate pump pp102 to preheat the raw material, and the condensate enters the circulating water system after preheating. After evaporating and concentrating, the feed liquid contains high liquid heat, and is first transported to the heat exchange device 2 by the feed liquid delivery pump pp106, and finally the concentrated liquid is transported to the next process.
稳定运行阶段：Stable operation phase:
MVR蒸发浓缩系统中所有的单元节点设备都已运转起来后，逐步提高蒸汽压缩机7的转速至所需要的额定转速。设定好进料温度后以温度传感器33为指示，将蒸汽流量控制阀24转为自控。设定好料液蒸发压力后，以压力传感器17为指示，耦合补充蒸汽管路的阀门25和排出不凝性气体，少量二次蒸汽的阀门27，当蒸发压力低于设计值时，阀门25开启；当蒸发压力高于设计值时，阀门27开启。主体蒸发器6壳程中的压力变化主要是因为不凝性气体的逐渐累积，以压力传感器18为指示耦合控制阀26，当壳程中的压力高于设计值时，自动开启阀门26将不凝性气体引入真空系统中并最终由真空泵vp101排出。随着蒸发浓缩的进行，不凝性气体过滤器11中冷凝液增多，将液位传感器16与凝水泵pp108的出口开关29反馈调节，液位高于设计值时，自动开启凝水泵pp108的开关和出口阀门29，液位低于设计值时，自动关闭凝水泵pp108的开关和出口阀门29。消除过热蒸汽所需要补充水的量时很少的，一般选用小流量泵pp107，当蒸汽出口温度高于设定值时，自动加大控制阀28的开度，当蒸汽出口温度低于设定值时，自动减小控制阀28的开度。浓度计14根据最终浓缩液的浓度选择不同的流动途径，当浓缩液浓度达到设定值要求时，自动开启阀门31将浓缩液输送到下一工序中，当浓缩液的浓度低于设定值时，自动开启阀门30将浓缩液打入原料平衡罐1中进行二次浓缩。After all the unit node equipment in the MVR evaporative concentration system is in operation, gradually increase the speed of the steam compressor 7 to the required rated speed. After the feed temperature is set, the steam flow control valve 24 is turned into automatic control with the temperature sensor 33 as an indication. After setting the evaporation pressure of the material liquid, use the pressure sensor 17 as an indicator to couple the valve 25 of the supplementary steam pipeline with the valve 27 that discharges non-condensable gas and a small amount of secondary steam. When the evaporation pressure is lower than the design value, the valve 25 Open; when the evaporation pressure is higher than the design value, the valve 27 is opened. The pressure change in the shell side of the main body evaporator 6 is mainly due to the gradual accumulation of non-condensable gas. The pressure sensor 18 is used as an indication to couple the control valve 26. When the pressure in the shell side is higher than the design value, the automatic opening valve 26 will not Condensable gas is introduced into the vacuum system and finally discharged by vacuum pump vp101. With the progress of evaporation and concentration, the condensate in the non-condensable gas filter 11 increases, and the liquid level sensor 16 and the outlet switch 29 of the condensate pump pp108 are adjusted in feedback. When the liquid level is higher than the design value, the switch of the condensate pump pp108 is automatically turned on And the outlet valve 29, when the liquid level is lower than the design value, the switch of the condensate pump pp108 and the outlet valve 29 are automatically closed. The amount of supplementary water needed to eliminate superheated steam is very small. Generally, a small flow pump pp107 is used. When the steam outlet temperature is higher than the set value, the opening of the control valve 28 will be automatically increased. When the steam outlet temperature is lower than the set value value, the opening of the control valve 28 is automatically reduced. The concentration meter 14 selects different flow paths according to the concentration of the final concentrated solution. When the concentration of the concentrated solution reaches the set value requirement, the valve 31 is automatically opened to transport the concentrated solution to the next process. When the concentration of the concentrated solution is lower than the set value At this time, the valve 30 is automatically opened and the concentrated solution is poured into the raw material balance tank 1 for secondary concentration.
所有的控制节点都调为自控后，集中在一个PLC控制板面上进行操作。系统便可实现连续蒸发浓缩的操作。After all control nodes are adjusted to be self-controlled, they are concentrated on a PLC control panel for operation. The system can realize the operation of continuous evaporation and concentration.
清洗阶段：Cleaning phase:
当MVR一个连续批次运行结束后，关闭真空系统的运行设备以及停止蒸汽压缩机的运转，将外援生蒸汽的管路全部关闭。只需要将原料平衡罐1上的液位传感器与改为与CIP管路上的控制阀21反馈调节，同时将浓度计14耦合控制转为手动调节，开启控制阀32，清洗液回流到CIP罐即可。When a continuous batch of MVR runs, close the operating equipment of the vacuum system and stop the operation of the steam compressor, and close all the pipelines of the foreign aid raw steam. It is only necessary to change the liquid level sensor on the raw material balance tank 1 to feedback adjustment with the control valve 21 on the CIP pipeline, and at the same time change the coupling control of the concentration meter 14 to manual adjustment, open the control valve 32, and the cleaning liquid returns to the CIP tank. Can.
实施应用：Implement the application:
某氨基酸废液处理量为3t/h，进料液浓度为5％，进料温度30℃，出料液浓度要求为15％，主体蒸发器选用降膜式蒸发器并分为四个蒸发区间，总的蒸发面积为130m2。蒸汽压缩机选用罗茨式压缩机并配备功率为70kw的电机。控制阀均选用气动阀和气动开关，本系统中还存在其它的各种仪表，包括液位传感器，压力传感器，温度传感器等均与现有的仪表设备相同。具体的实施工艺如下：30℃的氨基酸废液以3t/h的流量进入MVR蒸发浓缩系统中，在预热系统的换热下，废液进入降膜蒸发器时的温度为72℃，料液蒸发压力控制在0.32bar(对应的蒸汽饱和温度为70℃)，外援生蒸汽的压力为2.5bar(绝对压力),压缩机出口相连的压力设定为0.52bar(绝对压力)。压缩蒸汽的温度设定为85℃，出料处的浓度计设定值为15％。在所述的工艺控制条件下，系统实现了全部自动化控制，一个批次连续运行了15天。The treatment capacity of an amino acid waste liquid is 3t/h, the concentration of the feed liquid is 5%, the feed temperature is 30°C, and the concentration of the discharge liquid is required to be 15%. The main evaporator is a falling film evaporator and is divided into four evaporation zones , the total evaporation area is 130m 2 . The steam compressor is a Roots compressor and equipped with a motor with a power of 70kw. Pneumatic valves and pneumatic switches are used for the control valves, and there are various other instruments in the system, including liquid level sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, etc., which are the same as the existing instrumentation equipment. The specific implementation process is as follows: Amino acid waste liquid at 30°C enters the MVR evaporation and concentration system at a flow rate of 3t/h. Under the heat exchange of the preheating system, the temperature of the waste liquid when it enters the falling film evaporator is 72°C. The evaporation pressure is controlled at 0.32bar (the corresponding steam saturation temperature is 70°C), the pressure of the external raw steam is 2.5bar (absolute pressure), and the pressure connected to the outlet of the compressor is set at 0.52bar (absolute pressure). The temperature of the compressed steam is set at 85° C., and the set value of the concentration meter at the outlet is 15%. Under the process control conditions described above, the system has realized full automatic control, and one batch has been continuously operated for 15 days.
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