US2513365A - Soldered aluminum-to-copper connection - Google Patents

Soldered aluminum-to-copper connection Download PDF

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US2513365A
US2513365A US594406A US59440645A US2513365A US 2513365 A US2513365 A US 2513365A US 594406 A US594406 A US 594406A US 59440645 A US59440645 A US 59440645A US 2513365 A US2513365 A US 2513365A
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Prior art keywords
aluminum
copper
connector
soldered
conductor
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US594406A
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Rogoff Julian
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FCI USA LLC
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Burndy Engineering Co Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/002—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of light metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
    • H01R4/625—Soldered or welded connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/934—Electrical process
    • Y10S428/935—Electroplating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
    • Y10T428/12715—Next to Group IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component

Definitions

  • One object of my invention is to provide an aluminum connector or conductor which can be soldered to a connecting device.
  • Another object of my invention is to eliminate the electrochemical corrosion which occurs when aluminum and copper are in contact in presence of an electrolyte such as moisture, etc.
  • Still another object of my invention is to provide an aluminum conductor which can be joined or connected by conventional soldering, clamping or indenting means without the usual special precautions to remove or break down the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of an aluminum connector partially in section, and coated to enable it to be soldered.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a piece of aluminum conductor.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view, partially in section, showing my aluminum connectors soldered to the pins or sockets of a plug and receptacle connector.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing I have illustrated in section an aluminum connector ii.
  • Fig. 2 In Fig. 2,
  • the aluminum connector l0 comprises a tubular body section II, having a bore 12, and an extending pin member 13.
  • FIG. 3 A typical use for such an aluminum connector is illustrated in Fig. 3, wherein the connector I0 is shown inserted into a tubular sleeve 22 which may have a semi-cylindrical portion of it removed at its tip to facilitate soldering the pin l3, as at 23.
  • the sleeves 22, two of which are shown, are secured to the plug and receptacle body 24, illustrated as of the AN type, and the pin to sleeve connector may be encased in an insulating sleeve 25
  • the aluminum cable I8 is coated as indicated in Fig. 2, the cable may be directly inserted into the sleeve 22, and soldered thereto. If the aluminum cable is not so coated, the connection to the connector l0 may be made by indenting, as at 26, wherein the treatment described in copending application No. 591,813, filed May 3, 1945,
  • the coatings for the aluminum connector ID are identified as the zinc flashing IS, the copper plating I6, and the final coating of tin I 1. These, in the case of the aluminum cable 18, are referred to as I9, 29, and 2
  • the tin employed should be approximately tin and 35% lead.
  • the above fundamentally employs the three basic steps, namely zinc-flashing which simultaneously removes the aluminum oxide from the aluminum and replaces it with a coating of zinc; copper plating; and finally placing the tin or final coat which permits soldering the coated aluminum to a copper or copper alloy part.
  • the final solder coating too may be of any soldering material which will readily adhere to the electro plated coating and permit soldering thereto.
  • a soldered electrical connection for aluminum-to-copper conductors comprising analuminum conductor, an aluminum connector having a body portion provided with a socket containing the conductor end, said body portion being indented into the aluminum conductor, said connector terminating in an extending portion sol- .dered to a copper conductor, 'said extending portion having an aluminum-oxide free surface zincflashed, copper plated, and tin coated, which tin coating is soldered to the copper conductor to form a soldered aluminum-to-copper connection of high electrical joint efilciency.
  • a solderable aluminum connector for transmitting current from an aluminum conductor to a copper surface, comprising a connector body having a socket for receiving the conductor, said connector body having a wall thickness capable of being indented to the conductor, said conductor terminating in an extending portion having a 4 substantially aluminum oxide-free surface formed integrally with the connector body, said aluminum oxide-tree surface of the extending portion covered with a zinc flash, an outer solderable coating of tin and an intermediate copper plate coating to obtain maximum electrical current carrying efllciency between the aluminum conductor and the copper surface.

Description

July 4, 1950 J. ROGOFF SOLDERED ALUMINUM-TO-COPPER CONNECTION Filed May 18, 1945 17 TIN COAT 16 COPPER PLATE 15 z/Nc F145 10 AL {/Ml/VUM I IIIIII!!!IIIIIIIIII/IllI/Il IIIIIIIII Rw v 2 im mfm Patented July 4, 1950 SOLDERED ALUMINUM-TO-COPPER CONNECTION Julian Rogofl', New Rochelle, N. Y., assignor to Burndy Engineering Company, Inc., a, corporation of New York Application May 18, 1945, Serial No. 594,406 2 Claims. (c1.173324) My invention relates to electrical connections between aluminum and copper, or coppor alloy parts.
One object of my invention is to provide an aluminum connector or conductor which can be soldered to a connecting device.
Another object of my invention is to eliminate the electrochemical corrosion which occurs when aluminum and copper are in contact in presence of an electrolyte such as moisture, etc.
Still another object of my invention is to provide an aluminum conductor which can be joined or connected by conventional soldering, clamping or indenting means without the usual special precautions to remove or break down the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum.
I accomplish these and other objects and obtain my new results as will be apparent from the device described in the following specification, particularly pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of an aluminum connector partially in section, and coated to enable it to be soldered.
Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a piece of aluminum conductor.
Fig. 3 is a side view, partially in section, showing my aluminum connectors soldered to the pins or sockets of a plug and receptacle connector.
In Fig. 1 of the drawing I have illustrated in section an aluminum connector ii. In Fig. 2,
I have shown in section an aluminum cable l8.
In order to solder the aluminum, I have provided essentially three coatings therefor, which will be described more in detail hereafter.
The aluminum connector l0, comprises a tubular body section II, having a bore 12, and an extending pin member 13.
A typical use for such an aluminum connector is illustrated in Fig. 3, wherein the connector I0 is shown inserted into a tubular sleeve 22 which may have a semi-cylindrical portion of it removed at its tip to facilitate soldering the pin l3, as at 23. The sleeves 22, two of which are shown, are secured to the plug and receptacle body 24, illustrated as of the AN type, and the pin to sleeve connector may be encased in an insulating sleeve 25 If the aluminum cable I8 is coated as indicated in Fig. 2, the cable may be directly inserted into the sleeve 22, and soldered thereto. If the aluminum cable is not so coated, the connection to the connector l0 may be made by indenting, as at 26, wherein the treatment described in copending application No. 591,813, filed May 3, 1945,
2 which has issued into Patent No. 2,423,290 on July 1, 1947, may be employed.
The coatings for the aluminum connector ID are identified as the zinc flashing IS, the copper plating I6, and the final coating of tin I 1. These, in the case of the aluminum cable 18, are referred to as I9, 29, and 2| respectively.
Specifically I have provided the coatings by employing the following procedure and materials:
(l) Degrease the aluminum in a vapor or emulsion cleaner, carbon tetrachloride being an example. Avoid alkalis.
Rinse in hot water.
Etch for 3'minutes at 185 to 200 F. in tri-sodium phosphate.
Rinse in cold water.
Dip in nitric acid for 15 seconds at room temperature.
Rinse in cold water.
dry thoroughly.
The tin employed should be approximately tin and 35% lead. The above fundamentally employs the three basic steps, namely zinc-flashing which simultaneously removes the aluminum oxide from the aluminum and replaces it with a coating of zinc; copper plating; and finally placing the tin or final coat which permits soldering the coated aluminum to a copper or copper alloy part.
By the foregoing type of coating I have eliminated any possibility of electrochemical corrosion, and I can join an aluminum part to a copper part by conventional soldering, clamping or indenting means, which objectiv I have sought to attain. I
In place of zinc flashing I may use other metals such as cadmium which will replace the aluminum oxide by a more permanent coating. Additional other metals may be used in place of copper plating; i. e. silver plating may be employed. The final solder coating too may be of any soldering material which will readily adhere to the electro plated coating and permit soldering thereto.
I have thus described my invention, but I de- Zinc flash. Immersion dip in a solution of; zinc salts for 1 minute at room temperature.
sire it understood that it is not confined to the particular forms or uses shown and described, the same being merely illustrative, and that the invention may be carried out in other ways without departing from the spirit of my invention, and, therefore, I claim broadly the right to employ all equivalent instrumentalities coming within the scope of the appended claims, and by means of which, objects of'my invention are attained and new results accomplished, as it is obvious that the particular embodiments herein shown and described are only some of the many that can be employed to attain these objects and accomplish these results.
I claim:
1. A soldered electrical connection for aluminum-to-copper conductors comprising analuminum conductor, an aluminum connector having a body portion provided with a socket containing the conductor end, said body portion being indented into the aluminum conductor, said connector terminating in an extending portion sol- .dered to a copper conductor, 'said extending portion having an aluminum-oxide free surface zincflashed, copper plated, and tin coated, which tin coating is soldered to the copper conductor to form a soldered aluminum-to-copper connection of high electrical joint efilciency.
2. A solderable aluminum connector for transmitting current from an aluminum conductor to a copper surface, comprising a connector body having a socket for receiving the conductor, said connector body having a wall thickness capable of being indented to the conductor, said conductor terminating in an extending portion having a 4 substantially aluminum oxide-free surface formed integrally with the connector body, said aluminum oxide-tree surface of the extending portion covered with a zinc flash, an outer solderable coating of tin and an intermediate copper plate coating to obtain maximum electrical current carrying efllciency between the aluminum conductor and the copper surface.
JULIAN ROGOFF.
RE ERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the tile or this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 536,152 Legate Mar. 19, 1895 1,147,718 Hall July 27, 1915 1,875,241 Idank Aug. 30, 1932 2,068,639 Alsaker Jan. 26, 1937 2,309,563 Abeel Jan. 26, 1943 2,405,111 Carlson Aug. 6, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,668 Great Britain Feb. 14, 1898 5,055 Great Britain Oct. 15, 1908 15,105 Great Britain Oct. 7, 1909 130,586 Great Britain June 19, 1919 minum Co. of America, copyright 1930, page 32.
"The Metal Industry," May 29, 1931, page 556.
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Cited By (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2654701A (en) * 1950-06-08 1953-10-06 Edwin R Calderon Plating aluminum
US2709847A (en) * 1951-05-04 1955-06-07 Bendix Aviat Corp Cadmium plated aluminum and the method of making the same
US2715259A (en) * 1952-03-05 1955-08-16 Johnson Bronze Co Steel backed aluminum lined bearings
US2734024A (en) * 1956-02-07 Method of making bearings
US2737567A (en) * 1952-05-31 1956-03-06 Licencia Talalmanyokat Method of making a jointing piece
US2742178A (en) * 1952-04-24 1956-04-17 American Machine & Metals Instrument casing
US2746136A (en) * 1951-08-01 1956-05-22 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Treatment of aluminum and its alloys prior to electro-plating with lead
US2752302A (en) * 1950-07-28 1956-06-26 Warren Alloy Process of treating aluminum work pieces
US2760346A (en) * 1953-10-01 1956-08-28 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus of dissimilar metals
US2769318A (en) * 1952-08-19 1956-11-06 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus of dissimilar metals
US2777193A (en) * 1952-07-17 1957-01-15 Philco Corp Circuit construction
US2777192A (en) * 1952-12-03 1957-01-15 Philco Corp Method of forming a printed circuit and soldering components thereto
US2799840A (en) * 1953-06-02 1957-07-16 Utica Drop Forge & Tool Corp Terminal construction
US2815497A (en) * 1953-04-23 1957-12-03 Amp Inc Connector for aluminum wire
US2818363A (en) * 1954-03-22 1957-12-31 Amp Inc Electrical connector
US2823933A (en) * 1954-09-21 1958-02-18 Charles E Hickman Refrigerating system and method of making the same
US2856674A (en) * 1952-07-26 1958-10-21 Gen Motors Corp Method of connecting an insulated conductor to a connector terminal element
US2858520A (en) * 1955-01-03 1958-10-28 Chance Co Ab Electrical connector
US2887766A (en) * 1955-06-27 1959-05-26 Borg Warner Composite metal articles
US2896981A (en) * 1953-08-05 1959-07-28 Pylon Company Inc Rod joint
US2935727A (en) * 1955-08-17 1960-05-03 Sprague Electric Co Universal terminal
US2949319A (en) * 1954-08-18 1960-08-16 Gen Motors Corp Pipe coupling between relatively hard and soft tubes
US2968089A (en) * 1956-03-30 1961-01-17 Borg Warner Bronze to aluminum bond and the method of making it
US2995814A (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-08-15 Harold A Chamness Method for soldering aluminum
US3042428A (en) * 1954-04-05 1962-07-03 Gen Electric Copper-aluminum tubular connector
US3163839A (en) * 1953-12-30 1964-12-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Electromagnetic coils
US3180715A (en) * 1962-11-09 1965-04-27 Gen Precision Inc Magnetic memory device and method of producing same
US3248778A (en) * 1963-12-16 1966-05-03 Buehler Corp Method of making an adapter assembly for electrical connectors
US3256071A (en) * 1959-09-17 1966-06-14 Reynolds Metals Co Solderable aluminum wire having a circumferential cladding of zinc metal
US3534986A (en) * 1967-09-09 1970-10-20 Benteler Werke Ag Pipe joint
US3768141A (en) * 1972-02-22 1973-10-30 Ford Motor Co Method of soldering
US3855679A (en) * 1973-11-05 1974-12-24 Ford Motor Co Aluminum soldering
US4273837A (en) * 1975-04-18 1981-06-16 Stauffer Chemical Company Plated metal article
EP0206521A2 (en) * 1985-05-22 1986-12-30 The Garrett Corporation Laminate bonding methods for non-ferrous metallic fluidic devices
US4702969A (en) * 1985-05-22 1987-10-27 The Garrett Corporation Laminate bonding methods for nonferrous metallic fluidic devices
US5665219A (en) * 1992-12-14 1997-09-09 Axon'cable Sa Process for continuous manufacture of an electrical conductor made of copper-plated and tin-plated aluminum
US5965279A (en) * 1993-11-22 1999-10-12 Axon'cable Sa Electrical conductor made of copper-plated and tin-plated aluminum
US20080057799A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 John Pereira Clad aluminum connector
EP2088655A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-12 ABB Technology AG A cable casing and a method of attaching a cable casing to a screen of a cable
US20100003867A1 (en) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 Draexlmaier GmbH Connector for use with light-weight metal conductors
WO2010124948A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft COMPONENT FOR GUIDING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT SUCH BETWEEN AN Al ALLOY MATERIAL AND A Cu ALLOY CONTACT PIECE; METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US20110014825A1 (en) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Electrical terminal connection with galvanic sacrificial metal
US20120318554A1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Koto Naoki Inter-wire connection structure and method for manufacturing the same
US11611159B2 (en) * 2020-03-18 2023-03-21 Yazaki Corporation Method of manufacturing terminal-equipped electrical wire and terminal-equipped electrical wire

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GB130586A (en) * 1918-07-27 Soc D Ateliers D Aviat Louis B Improvements in Tin-soldering Aluminium or Aluminium Alloy to the same, or other, Metal, or Alloy, and Articles made by such Means.
US536152A (en) * 1895-03-19 Method of plating aluminium
GB189803668A (en) * 1898-02-14 1899-02-11 Herbert William Stilwell An Improved Method of Soldering Aluminium Joints.
GB190805055A (en) * 1907-03-09 1908-10-15 Albert Nielsen Improvements in the Method of Soldering Aluminium.
US1147718A (en) * 1915-02-05 1915-07-27 Joseph A Hall Process of plating aluminum.
US1875241A (en) * 1930-01-13 1932-08-30 Gen Electric Electrical cord terminal
US2068639A (en) * 1930-05-03 1937-01-26 Delta Star Electric Co Electrical rail bond
US2309563A (en) * 1940-02-26 1943-01-26 Aerovox Corp Electrolytic cell
US2405111A (en) * 1942-09-25 1946-08-06 Aircraft Marine Prod Inc Electrical connection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US536152A (en) * 1895-03-19 Method of plating aluminium
GB189803668A (en) * 1898-02-14 1899-02-11 Herbert William Stilwell An Improved Method of Soldering Aluminium Joints.
GB190805055A (en) * 1907-03-09 1908-10-15 Albert Nielsen Improvements in the Method of Soldering Aluminium.
GB190915105A (en) * 1907-03-09 1909-10-07 Albert Nielsen Improvements in the Method of Soldering Aluminium.
US1147718A (en) * 1915-02-05 1915-07-27 Joseph A Hall Process of plating aluminum.
GB130586A (en) * 1918-07-27 Soc D Ateliers D Aviat Louis B Improvements in Tin-soldering Aluminium or Aluminium Alloy to the same, or other, Metal, or Alloy, and Articles made by such Means.
US1875241A (en) * 1930-01-13 1932-08-30 Gen Electric Electrical cord terminal
US2068639A (en) * 1930-05-03 1937-01-26 Delta Star Electric Co Electrical rail bond
US2309563A (en) * 1940-02-26 1943-01-26 Aerovox Corp Electrolytic cell
US2405111A (en) * 1942-09-25 1946-08-06 Aircraft Marine Prod Inc Electrical connection

Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734024A (en) * 1956-02-07 Method of making bearings
US2654701A (en) * 1950-06-08 1953-10-06 Edwin R Calderon Plating aluminum
US2752302A (en) * 1950-07-28 1956-06-26 Warren Alloy Process of treating aluminum work pieces
US2709847A (en) * 1951-05-04 1955-06-07 Bendix Aviat Corp Cadmium plated aluminum and the method of making the same
US2746136A (en) * 1951-08-01 1956-05-22 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Treatment of aluminum and its alloys prior to electro-plating with lead
US2715259A (en) * 1952-03-05 1955-08-16 Johnson Bronze Co Steel backed aluminum lined bearings
US2742178A (en) * 1952-04-24 1956-04-17 American Machine & Metals Instrument casing
US2737567A (en) * 1952-05-31 1956-03-06 Licencia Talalmanyokat Method of making a jointing piece
US2777193A (en) * 1952-07-17 1957-01-15 Philco Corp Circuit construction
US2856674A (en) * 1952-07-26 1958-10-21 Gen Motors Corp Method of connecting an insulated conductor to a connector terminal element
US2769318A (en) * 1952-08-19 1956-11-06 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus of dissimilar metals
US2777192A (en) * 1952-12-03 1957-01-15 Philco Corp Method of forming a printed circuit and soldering components thereto
US2815497A (en) * 1953-04-23 1957-12-03 Amp Inc Connector for aluminum wire
US2799840A (en) * 1953-06-02 1957-07-16 Utica Drop Forge & Tool Corp Terminal construction
US2896981A (en) * 1953-08-05 1959-07-28 Pylon Company Inc Rod joint
US2760346A (en) * 1953-10-01 1956-08-28 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus of dissimilar metals
US3163839A (en) * 1953-12-30 1964-12-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Electromagnetic coils
US2818363A (en) * 1954-03-22 1957-12-31 Amp Inc Electrical connector
US3042428A (en) * 1954-04-05 1962-07-03 Gen Electric Copper-aluminum tubular connector
US2949319A (en) * 1954-08-18 1960-08-16 Gen Motors Corp Pipe coupling between relatively hard and soft tubes
US2823933A (en) * 1954-09-21 1958-02-18 Charles E Hickman Refrigerating system and method of making the same
US2858520A (en) * 1955-01-03 1958-10-28 Chance Co Ab Electrical connector
US2887766A (en) * 1955-06-27 1959-05-26 Borg Warner Composite metal articles
US2935727A (en) * 1955-08-17 1960-05-03 Sprague Electric Co Universal terminal
US2968089A (en) * 1956-03-30 1961-01-17 Borg Warner Bronze to aluminum bond and the method of making it
US2995814A (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-08-15 Harold A Chamness Method for soldering aluminum
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