US2513336A - Radio antenna - Google Patents

Radio antenna Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2513336A
US2513336A US733942A US73394247A US2513336A US 2513336 A US2513336 A US 2513336A US 733942 A US733942 A US 733942A US 73394247 A US73394247 A US 73394247A US 2513336 A US2513336 A US 2513336A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ground plane
line
skirt
antenna
radio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US733942A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert F Lewis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Federal Telephone and Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR963200D priority Critical patent/FR963200A/fr
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority to US733942A priority patent/US2513336A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2513336A publication Critical patent/US2513336A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/18—Vertical disposition of the antenna

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to radio antennas and, more specifically, to high frequency directive antennas.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide antennas which satisfy these requirements of efficient low angle radiation.
  • Another object is to provide an antenna of simple construction for propagation of radio waves over certain controllable distances.
  • a further object is to provide a broad band high frequency antenna which utilizes a portion of the supporting mast between two ground planes as a radiator to achieve low angle directivity.
  • Figure 1 represents pictorially a double ground plane antenna, with portions of the structure broken away to expose the internal construction
  • Figures 2 and 3 depict schematically a double ground plane antenna with instantaneous current distributions and the associated field patterns respectively;
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternate arrangement of antenna components in schematic form
  • Figure 5 illustrates another modification of the present invention having a relatively large number of radiating sections.
  • th antenna of Figure 1 is produced by: terminating the inner conductor I of. a coaxial line 2, through which the radio waves it is desired to radiate are propagated, in a radio frequency (R.- F.): ground plane arrangement 3; folding back theend of outer conductor 4 for a quarter wavelength to produce a skirt element 5 and accomplish phase reversal of the current distribution along the outside of the coaxial line below the skirt element; and, establishing a second R. F. ground plane 6 at a, certain distance below the lower end of the skirt element.
  • Upper R. F. ground plane 3 is separated from the conductive top- 1.
  • the antenna, radiating members comprise the outer surface In ofthe quarter wave. skirt and the outer surface I l of the coaxial conductor 4 which extends for a certain distance, say
  • the present arr-'- tenna may be considered to comprise two independently acting radiating sections whose fields combine to produce these desired configurations.
  • the upper section including the quarter wave; skirt 5 and the upper R. F. ground plane 3, pro-.. cutes a substantially downwardly and radially directing field pattern.
  • the lower section including the quarter wave; skirt 5 and the upper R. F. ground plane 3, pro-.. cutes a substantially downwardly and radially directing field pattern.
  • any suitable adjusting means such as the clamping arrangement l3 permits this ground plane 6 to be moved to the optimum position for producing a specific field configuration. As this plane is lowered (but preferably not; greatly in excess, of 190 electrical degrees) with respect to the top R. F. ground plane 3, the effects of the lower radiating section on the combined field pattern configurations are such that the pattern becomes directed increase;
  • Length of the phase inverting skirt 5 may be varied by adjusting the extension member [4 which may be threaded onto the skirt for the required distance. Field patterns are not appreciably affected by such; skirt length ad-r justments, the primary advantage being that for various wavelengths the antenna input imped ance may be controlled and the standing wave merely coupled to the antenna proper.
  • G meters ground planes 28 and 29.
  • Broadband characteristics of the double ground plane antenna are such that, for example, within a high frequency operating range of 152-162 megacycles the antenna may be fed into a 52 ohm coaxial transmission line with a standing wave ratio of two to one or lesS.
  • Results similar to those achieved by the antenna of Figure 1 may be obtained by the structure schematically represented'in Figure 4.
  • the tubular skirt member 5 in this embodiment is placed adjacent the lower ground plane 6 and connected conductively therewith.
  • the instantaneous currents designated by numerals 2! and 22 indicate that the propagation from an antenna of this form is equivalent to propagation from the antenna of Figure 1.
  • tubular skirts may be positioned such that the lowermost skirt is in contact with the lower ground plane and the uppermost skirt is spaced substantially a quarter wavelength from the upper ground. plane.
  • the quarter wave skirt may be properly adjusted in. length by any of numerous arrangements, and that R; F. ground planes in the form of solid conductive discs or having a number of radial members other than four may be em-' ployed. While it may bepreferred to use a structurally. rigid coaxial transmission line to feed the present antennas and simultaneously serve as a supporting structure, it is of course possible to employ flexible and even braided coaxial lines, and: the skirt members may: be constructed of a plurality of parts attached together. tended mainly for the propagation of radio waves, the antennas disclosed herein may be-utilized for receiving purposes as well; and, although illustrated as erected vertically these antenna systems may be positioned at any angle prescribed by specific requirements. Also, it is conceivable that the quarter wave skirt may-be located atvarious positions-along the co-axia-l line between the ground planes, depending upon the field configurations desired.
  • An antenna comprising: a coaxialline', aground plane member coupled with the central conductor of said line, a conductive sleeve substantially one quarter wavelength long surrounding a portion of said line and connected with the outer conductor of said line at that end of. saidiline at which Said ground plane member is.- coupled, and a second ground plane member adjustably coupled to said outer conductor at a distance slightly greater than a quarterwave length from said sle'evefor obtaining the This arrangementdesired radiation pattern, said skirt and said outer conductor between said ground plane members functioning as a pair of in-phase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • An antenna comprising: a first tubular conductive section, a conductor internal to and concentric with said section, a second tubular section connected with one end of said first section and extending concentrically therewith over a certain distance, a first radio frequency ground plane member connected with said conductor adjacent said one end of said first section, a second radio frequency ground plane member adjustably connected to said first section at a distance slightly greater than a half-Wave length from said one end for obtaining the desired radiation pattern, and a transmission line coupled to said first section and said conductor said first and second tubular sections between said ground plane members functioning as a pair of in-phase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a system for propagating or receiving radio frequency energy comprising: a coaxial line, a quarterwave length tubular radiator colinear with said line over a certain distance thereof and connected to the outer conductor at one end of said line, one means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the inner conductor of said line at said one end, and a second means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to said outer conductor at a distance greater than a half-wave length from said one end for obtaining the desired radiation pattern, said radiator and the part of said line between said ground plane acting means functioning as a pair of inphase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a system for propagating or receiving radio frequency energy comprising: a radio frequency energy translating device, a coaxial transmission line coupled to said device, a quarterwave length tubular skirt extending colinearly with said line over a certain distance and conductively connected with the outer conductor of said line at the end thereof, one means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the inner conductor of said line at the end thereof, and a second means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to said outer conductor at a distance greater than a half-wave length from said end thereof for obtaining the desired radiation pattern, said skirt and the part of said outer conductor between said ground planes functioning as a pair of in-phase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a system for propagating or receiving radio frequency energy comprising: a radio frequency energy translating device, a coaxial transmission line coupled to said device, one means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the end of the internal conductor of said line, a second means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the outer conductor of said line at a distance greater than a half-wave length from the end thereof, for obtaining the desired radiation pattern, and a quarterwave length tubular member colinear with said line over a definite length of said line between said second means and said line end, said tubular member having one end connected to said outer conductor and being positioned there along such that said tubular member and the part of said outer conductor between said ground planes function as a pair of in-phase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a directional high frequency antenna comprising: a pair of radio frequency ground planes spaced apart at a distance slightly greater than a half-wave length for obtaining the desired radiation pattern, a coaxial transmission line having its inner conductor terminated in one of said ground planes and having its outer conductor connected with the other of said planes and terminated in close proximity to said one plane, and a quarterwave length tubular skirt colinear for a certain distance and connected at one end with said outer conductor between said pair of ground planes, said skirt and the part of said outer conductor between said ground planes functionin as a pair of inphase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a broad band high frequency radio system comprising: a radio frequency translation device, a transmission line coupled with said device, a concentric line coupled with said transmission line, one means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the inner conductor at the end of said concentric line, a second means acting as a ground plane at radio frequencies coupled to the outer conductor of said concentric line at a distance greater than a half-wave length from said one means, for obtaining the desired radiation pattern and a tubular skirt colinear with said coaxial line over a distance of a quarterwave length between said one and said second means and conductively connected at one end with said outer conductor, said skirt and the part of said outer conductor between said ground planes functioning as a, pair of in-phase quarterwave dipole radiators.
  • a broad band high frequency radio system comprising: a radio frequency translation device, a transmission line coupled with said device, a concentric line coupled with said transmission line, one radio frequency ground plane coupled to the inner conductor at the end of said concentric line, a second radio frequency ground plane coupled to the outer conductor of said concentric line at a distance substantially an integral number of half-wave lengths from said one ground plane, and a plurality of tubular skirts concentric with said line each of said tubular skirts being substantially a quarter wavelength long, wherein one skirt is conductively connected at one end with the end of said outer conductor which is not joined with said transmission line, wherein each of the other skirts is conductively connected to said outer conductor at the end nearer said one skirt, wherein substantially a quarter wavelength spacing exists between skirts, and wherein said second ground plane is spaced substantially a quarter wavelength from the tubular skirt most removed from said one skirt.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
US733942A 1947-03-11 1947-03-11 Radio antenna Expired - Lifetime US2513336A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR963200D FR963200A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1947-03-11
US733942A US2513336A (en) 1947-03-11 1947-03-11 Radio antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US733942A US2513336A (en) 1947-03-11 1947-03-11 Radio antenna

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2513336A true US2513336A (en) 1950-07-04

Family

ID=24949710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US733942A Expired - Lifetime US2513336A (en) 1947-03-11 1947-03-11 Radio antenna

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2513336A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR963200A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684399A (en) * 1950-03-17 1954-07-20 Charles K Shanks Coaxial antenna assembly
US4131895A (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-12-26 Robinson Ralph O Apparatus for isolating from ground and exciting a conductive tower for use as a vertical antenna
US4691209A (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-09-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Wideband antenna
WO1990006599A1 (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-14 George Henf The gap radiated antenna
USD462070S1 (en) 2001-12-14 2002-08-27 Wilson Electronics, Inc. Roof mount antenna
USD1002599S1 (en) * 2022-02-24 2023-10-24 Comptek Technologies, Llc Wireless access tower

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2267889A (en) * 1938-03-23 1941-12-30 Csf Antenna with wide wave range
US2285395A (en) * 1938-12-19 1942-06-09 Emi Ltd Aerial or aerial system
US2321454A (en) * 1941-11-22 1943-06-08 Rca Corp Multiple section antenna
US2323641A (en) * 1940-01-26 1943-07-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Antenna system
US2344171A (en) * 1942-04-04 1944-03-14 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Tower type antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2267889A (en) * 1938-03-23 1941-12-30 Csf Antenna with wide wave range
US2285395A (en) * 1938-12-19 1942-06-09 Emi Ltd Aerial or aerial system
US2323641A (en) * 1940-01-26 1943-07-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Antenna system
US2321454A (en) * 1941-11-22 1943-06-08 Rca Corp Multiple section antenna
US2344171A (en) * 1942-04-04 1944-03-14 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Tower type antenna

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684399A (en) * 1950-03-17 1954-07-20 Charles K Shanks Coaxial antenna assembly
US4131895A (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-12-26 Robinson Ralph O Apparatus for isolating from ground and exciting a conductive tower for use as a vertical antenna
US4691209A (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-09-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Wideband antenna
WO1990006599A1 (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-14 George Henf The gap radiated antenna
USD462070S1 (en) 2001-12-14 2002-08-27 Wilson Electronics, Inc. Roof mount antenna
USD1002599S1 (en) * 2022-02-24 2023-10-24 Comptek Technologies, Llc Wireless access tower

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR963200A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1950-06-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2521550A (en) Radio antenna system
US3568204A (en) Multimode antenna feed system having a plurality of tracking elements mounted symmetrically about the inner walls and at the aperture end of a scalar horn
US2323641A (en) Antenna system
US2275646A (en) Antenna
US2532551A (en) Biconical electromagnetic horn antenna
US2283897A (en) Antenna system
US2455403A (en) Antenna
GB528817A (en) Improvements in or relating to radio antenna
US2648768A (en) Dipole antenna
US2611869A (en) Aerial system
US2539433A (en) Circularly polarized antenna
US2210491A (en) High frequency antenna
US3299429A (en) Vertical array of folded dipoles adjustably mounted on support mast
US2771606A (en) Ultra-high frequency antenna system
US2513336A (en) Radio antenna
US2095083A (en) Directional antenna system
US2485457A (en) Antenna system
US2787788A (en) Short wave radio aerials and aerial systems
GB654142A (en) Improvements in and relating to antennae
US2511611A (en) Aperiodic directive antenna system
US2726389A (en) Antenna unit
US2116734A (en) Short-wave antenna
US2297427A (en) Ultra-short wave directive antenna
US2267613A (en) Broadcast antenna
US2503952A (en) Traveling wave antenna