US2503549A - Impedance matching in wave guides - Google Patents

Impedance matching in wave guides Download PDF

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Publication number
US2503549A
US2503549A US612680A US61268045A US2503549A US 2503549 A US2503549 A US 2503549A US 612680 A US612680 A US 612680A US 61268045 A US61268045 A US 61268045A US 2503549 A US2503549 A US 2503549A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
guide
wave
core
impedance matching
sheath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US612680A
Inventor
Fox Arthur Gardner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE468045D priority Critical patent/BE468045A/xx
Priority to NL73887D priority patent/NL73887C/xx
Priority claimed from US452851A external-priority patent/US2432093A/en
Priority to GB18433/43A priority patent/GB578597A/en
Priority to GB22914/45A priority patent/GB578617A/en
Priority to US610957A priority patent/US2434645A/en
Priority to US610956A priority patent/US2607850A/en
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US612680A priority patent/US2503549A/en
Priority to US612681A priority patent/US2422191A/en
Priority to US614937A priority patent/US2434646A/en
Priority to US614936A priority patent/US2530691A/en
Priority to US614935A priority patent/US2432094A/en
Priority to CH265036D priority patent/CH265036A/en
Priority to FR938693D priority patent/FR938693A/en
Priority to US789811A priority patent/US2588226A/en
Priority to DEP28888A priority patent/DE818384C/en
Publication of US2503549A publication Critical patent/US2503549A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US266179A priority patent/US2740094A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2138—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using hollow waveguide filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/209—Hollow waveguide filters comprising one or more branching arms or cavities wholly outside the main waveguide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/02—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with invariable factor of coupling
    • H01P5/022—Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions
    • H01P5/024—Transitions between lines of the same kind and shape, but with different dimensions between hollow waveguides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave

Definitions

  • This invention relates to guided electromagnetic wave transmission and more particularly to impedance matching in wave guides.
  • An object of the invention is to connect, without impedance mismatch, an air-filled wave guide and a section of guide having a solid core of dielectric material. Another object is to match a dielectric antenna to an air-filled wave guide.
  • an air-filled wave guide is matched to a section of guide having a solid dielectric core by providing an intermediate sheath which fits around the core for a certain distance and extending the core into the air-filled guide for a certain distance. If the sheath of the section having the dielectric core is omitted, the protruding portion of the core may be used as an antenna.
  • the figure shows a system for transforming the impedance of a wave guide having a cylindrical sheath 4'! and a solid concentric core 48 of dielectric material to match the impedance of an air-filled guide having a cylindrical sheath 49.
  • the core 48 extends beyond the end of the sheath 4'! for a distance F and extends into the sheath 49 a further distance G.
  • the intermediate cylindrical metallic sheath 59 fits around the portion F of the core 48 and is conductively connected to the sheaths 4'1 and 49 by means of the metallic end plates 5! and 52, respectively.
  • these controls are the lengths F and G of the dielectric core 48.
  • the proper adjustment may be determined as follows: One of the guides is terminated in its characteristic impedance and wave energy is supplied to the transformer in such a way that it passes through a standing wave detector located in the other guide. Then the distances F and G are adjusted, alternately, to minimize the standing wave. The desired adjustment is attained when the detector indicates an absence of any standing wave.
  • a special case is the one in which the sheath 4'! and the end plate 5
  • the protruding portion of the core 48 may now be used as a dielectric antenna for launching or collecting electromagnetic wave energy.
  • an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a device comprising a solid dielectric core which extends through said aperture into said guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around the external portion of said core for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said last-mentioned distance being less than the length of said core external to said guide and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in said guide at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guide and said device at said frequency.
  • an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a wave guide comprising a solid dielectric core which extends through said aperture into said air-filled guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around said core for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said core being smaller in crosssection than either of said guides, and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in one of said guides at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guides at said frequency.
  • an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a dielectric antenna which extends through said aperture into said guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around the external portion of said antenna for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said last-mentioned distance being less than the length of said antenna external to said guide, and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in said guide at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guide and said antenna at said frequency.

Description

April 11 1950 A. G. Fox
IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN WAVE GUIDES Original Filed July 30, 1942 wvw TOR A. 6. FOX
' A TTORNEV Patented Apr. 11, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IMPEDANCE MATCHING IN WAVE GUIDES Arthur Gardner Fox, Red Bank, N. J assignor to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York 3 Claims.
This invention relates to guided electromagnetic wave transmission and more particularly to impedance matching in wave guides.
An object of the invention is to connect, without impedance mismatch, an air-filled wave guide and a section of guide having a solid core of dielectric material. Another object is to match a dielectric antenna to an air-filled wave guide.
In accordance with the invention an air-filled wave guide is matched to a section of guide having a solid dielectric core by providing an intermediate sheath which fits around the core for a certain distance and extending the core into the air-filled guide for a certain distance. If the sheath of the section having the dielectric core is omitted, the protruding portion of the core may be used as an antenna.
This is a division of application Serial No. 452,- 851, filed July 30, 1942, now Patent No. 2,432,093, issued December 9, 1947.
The nature of the invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description and by reference to the accompanying drawing, the single figure of which is a perspective view, partly cut away. of a Wave guide transformer in accordance with the invention.
The figure shows a system for transforming the impedance of a wave guide having a cylindrical sheath 4'! and a solid concentric core 48 of dielectric material to match the impedance of an air-filled guide having a cylindrical sheath 49. The core 48 extends beyond the end of the sheath 4'! for a distance F and extends into the sheath 49 a further distance G. The intermediate cylindrical metallic sheath 59 fits around the portion F of the core 48 and is conductively connected to the sheaths 4'1 and 49 by means of the metallic end plates 5! and 52, respectively.
In order to match one wave guide to another one, or to any other wave medium, it is, in general, necessary to have two independent tuning controls. In the system shown, these controls are the lengths F and G of the dielectric core 48. The proper adjustment may be determined as follows: One of the guides is terminated in its characteristic impedance and wave energy is supplied to the transformer in such a way that it passes through a standing wave detector located in the other guide. Then the distances F and G are adjusted, alternately, to minimize the standing wave. The desired adjustment is attained when the detector indicates an absence of any standing wave.
A special case is the one in which the sheath 4'! and the end plate 5| are omitted. This will generally require a readjustment of the distances F and G in order to get a proper impedance match. The protruding portion of the core 48 may now be used as a dielectric antenna for launching or collecting electromagnetic wave energy.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination, an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a device comprising a solid dielectric core which extends through said aperture into said guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around the external portion of said core for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said last-mentioned distance being less than the length of said core external to said guide and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in said guide at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guide and said device at said frequency.
2. In combination, an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a wave guide comprising a solid dielectric core which extends through said aperture into said air-filled guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around said core for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said core being smaller in crosssection than either of said guides, and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in one of said guides at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guides at said frequency.
3. In combination, an air-filled wave guide having an end plate with an aperture therein, a dielectric antenna which extends through said aperture into said guide for a certain distance, and a metallic sheath which fits around the external portion of said antenna for a certain distance and is conductively connected to said end plate, said last-mentioned distance being less than the length of said antenna external to said guide, and said distances being chosen to minimize the standing wave in said guide at a selected frequency, thereby providing an impedance match between said guide and said antenna at said frequency.
ARTHUR GARDNER FOX.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,129,711 Southworth Sept. 13, 1938 2,197,123 King Apr. 16, 1940 2,351,895 Allerding June 22, 1944 2,406,402 Ring Aug. 27, 1946 2,460,401 Southworth Feb. 1, 1949
US612680A 1942-07-30 1945-08-25 Impedance matching in wave guides Expired - Lifetime US2503549A (en)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE468045D BE468045A (en) 1942-07-30
NL73887D NL73887C (en) 1942-07-30
GB18433/43A GB578597A (en) 1942-07-30 1943-11-05 Improvements in or relating to systems for transmitting guided electromagnetic waves
GB22914/45A GB578617A (en) 1942-07-30 1943-11-05 Improvements in or relating to systems for transmitting guided electromagnetic waves
US610957A US2434645A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-17 Wave guide bend
US610956A US2607850A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-17 Wave guide impedance element
US612680A US2503549A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-25 Impedance matching in wave guides
US612681A US2422191A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-25 Impedance transformer for wave guides
US614937A US2434646A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave guide branching arrangement
US614936A US2530691A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave filter
US614935A US2432094A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Impedance transformer for wave guides
CH265036D CH265036A (en) 1942-07-30 1946-09-12 Filter for guided electromagnetic waves.
FR938693D FR938693A (en) 1942-07-30 1946-10-24 System for the transmission of guided electromagnetic waves
US789811A US2588226A (en) 1942-07-30 1947-12-05 Wave filter
DEP28888A DE818384C (en) 1942-07-30 1948-12-31 Filter for the transmission of a band in waveguides of guided electrical micro waves
US266179A US2740094A (en) 1942-07-30 1952-01-12 Wave-guide impedance elements

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US452851A US2432093A (en) 1942-07-30 1942-07-30 Wave transmission network
US610956A US2607850A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-17 Wave guide impedance element
US612680A US2503549A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-25 Impedance matching in wave guides
US614936A US2530691A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave filter
US614937A US2434646A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave guide branching arrangement
US789811A US2588226A (en) 1942-07-30 1947-12-05 Wave filter
US266179A US2740094A (en) 1942-07-30 1952-01-12 Wave-guide impedance elements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2503549A true US2503549A (en) 1950-04-11

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Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US610956A Expired - Lifetime US2607850A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-17 Wave guide impedance element
US612680A Expired - Lifetime US2503549A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-25 Impedance matching in wave guides
US614937A Expired - Lifetime US2434646A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave guide branching arrangement
US614936A Expired - Lifetime US2530691A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave filter
US789811A Expired - Lifetime US2588226A (en) 1942-07-30 1947-12-05 Wave filter
US266179A Expired - Lifetime US2740094A (en) 1942-07-30 1952-01-12 Wave-guide impedance elements

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US610956A Expired - Lifetime US2607850A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-08-17 Wave guide impedance element

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US614937A Expired - Lifetime US2434646A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave guide branching arrangement
US614936A Expired - Lifetime US2530691A (en) 1942-07-30 1945-09-07 Wave filter
US789811A Expired - Lifetime US2588226A (en) 1942-07-30 1947-12-05 Wave filter
US266179A Expired - Lifetime US2740094A (en) 1942-07-30 1952-01-12 Wave-guide impedance elements

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (6) US2607850A (en)
BE (1) BE468045A (en)
CH (1) CH265036A (en)
DE (1) DE818384C (en)
FR (1) FR938693A (en)
GB (1) GB578597A (en)

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US2758282A (en) * 1952-03-28 1956-08-07 Gen Precision Lab Inc Transforming microwave energy from rectangular air filled wave guide
US3145356A (en) * 1960-10-11 1964-08-18 Nat Res Dev Different sized waveguides coupled by a narrow tapered dielectric rod

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RU2745591C1 (en) * 2020-08-17 2021-03-29 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Device for measuring the inherent quality of a dielectric resonator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2639371A (en) * 1950-01-25 1953-05-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave-guide isolation coupling system
US2758282A (en) * 1952-03-28 1956-08-07 Gen Precision Lab Inc Transforming microwave energy from rectangular air filled wave guide
US3145356A (en) * 1960-10-11 1964-08-18 Nat Res Dev Different sized waveguides coupled by a narrow tapered dielectric rod

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB578597A (en) 1946-07-04
BE468045A (en)
DE818384C (en) 1951-10-25
CH265036A (en) 1949-11-15
FR938693A (en) 1948-10-21
US2607850A (en) 1952-08-19
US2530691A (en) 1950-11-21
US2434646A (en) 1948-01-20
US2740094A (en) 1956-03-27
US2588226A (en) 1952-03-04

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