US250340A - brotherhood - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets-She-et 1.

'Patented Dec. 6, 1881.

RBRoTH-ERHOOD. RIUE POUNDING MACHINERY.

(No Model.)

NAO. 250,340.

W11 ESSL'S L QM.

(No Model.) I l 5 Sheets-Sheet 2A F. BROTHERHOOD.

RICE POUNDING MACHINERY. No. 250,340. Patented Dec. 6,1881."

N PEYERs PlwwLm-ognpner. wnhinglm u. c.

5`Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Dec.A 6,1881.`

F. BROTHERHOOD. i RIGB'PUUNDING MAGHINERY.

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

Patented Dea. 6,1881.

(No Model.)

F. BROTHERHOOD.

RICE POUNDING MAGHINIEIRY.v No. 250,340.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

FRED BROTHERHOOD, OF CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JAMES BROTHERHOOD, OF STRATFORD, CANADA.

RICE-POUNDING MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 250,340, dated December 6, 1881,

Application filed September 13, 1881.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRED BROTHERHOOD, ofthe city ot'Charleston, inthe State of South Carolina, have invented certain new and use- 5 ful Improvements in Rice-Founding Machinery, ot' which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in mills for pounding and cleaning rice of the class having pestles which are lifted and rero leased in rapid succession, that they may fall by gravity repeatedly and at short intervals into the rice to be treated in mortars, my invention especially pertaining to that particular type ot' this class of mills in which the pestles I are actuated by in terinittingly-operating griping-rolls or revolving nippers acting on lifters or lifting-boards, to which the pestles are attached. Letters Patent of the United States No. 210,002 were granted to me November 19, 2o 1878, fora machine ofthe class, generally speaking, to which my present improvements apply.

My objects are to provide improved gripingrolls or revolving nippers, and mechanism by which to adjust them and control their action upon the lifter, while admitting of the desirable amount of yield or self-adjustment of the rolls in the pressure or gripe upon the lifter; to avoid breaking orinjuriouslystrainingeither the gripingrolls or their supports or attach- 3o ments, to so constrncta lifter and adapt griping-rolls to act thereon thatthe lifter shall be tightly griped by or compressed between the rolls at the commencement of their action upon it, and afterward act with gradually-decreasin g 3 5 pressure, so avoiding slip of the rolls upon the lifter in starting it, while avoiding unnecessary strain and undue/wear ot' parts after inertia has been overcome; to provide simple means for arresting the action of a lifter when it may 4o be desired to hold it out of operation; to facilitate the operation of the pestle upon the mass of rice in a mortar by presenting different grains or portions of thc mass to the action of a pestle upon its successive descents;

to providefor rapidly discharging the contents of a mortar, and admit of the mortar being readily cleaned.

The accomplishment of the above-referredto desiderata is provided for bya novel organi- (No model.)

zation ot' mechanism and certain combinations 5o of devices, which will be hereinafter fully described, preparatory to designation of the subject-matter claimed.

The accompanying drawings show all those parts of a complete machine which are needed for illustration of a suitable adaptation of my improvements to a power-driven mill of the type in which the overhead or elevated mortars have openings in their bottoms through which the pestle-lifters work. Some of my im- 6o provements-essential and co-operatin g parts of my inventionmay be used in hand-driven mills, as well as in other machines differing in construction in various respects from that shown and hereinafter speciically described.

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, showing in dotted lines some ot1 the parts obscured by, the frame-Work, &c. Fig.2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a view on an enlarged scale, partly in side elevation and partly in section, on the 7o line 3 3 of Fig. 6, showing the griping-rolls, lit'ter, pestle-arresting lever, &c. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the pestle, with a portion of its shank or prolongation of the lit'terin elevation. Fig. 5 is a View showing some of the 75 parts illustrated by Fig. 3, but in different positions. Fig. 6 is a view, partly in plan and partly in section, on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Fig.

7 is a view, partly in plan and partly in section,

on the lines 7 7 of Figs. 1 and 2, showing de- 8o tails of the lifter cross-head, its guideways, the frame, the pestle-arrestin g lever and its eccentric for acting on the cross-head. Fig. 8

is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, as indicated by the line 8 S of Fig. 7, 85 showing portions of the pestle-lit'ter and the pestle-shank, of piston-rod form, andthe manner of connecting these parts to the cross-head. Fig. 9 is a View, partly in eleva-tion and partly in section, on the line 9 9 of Fig. 10, showing 9o portions of a mortar, its supporting-frame, the pestle-slide, and the pestle. Fig. 10 is a view, partly in plan and partly in section, on the line l0 10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a plan view, showing a mortar as provided with a loosely-.supported self-ad]- ustin g band or rice-turning ring. Fig. 12 is a view,partly inelevation and partly in section, on theline 12 12 ot' Fig. 11. Fig. 13

is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, showing a modilication of the griping rolls or nippers for acting on the lifter.

A suitable supporting frame, A, is constructed in skeleton form, or so as to provide an unobstructed central space or vertical passage between the frame-uprights for the pestlelifter B to work endwise in, as guided in its movements by its cross-head B. Guideways a a, on theframe t the guide-grooves b b ot the cross-head.

The mortar C is supported upon the top or plate Al of the frame, and is provided, as usual in this type of mills, with a central openingin its bottom, through which projects the rod or shank C of the pestle B2.

The pestle sh ank and lifter are connected with the cross-head B in such manner that they Vmay bc detached therefrom when separation of the parts is desirable. The connection of the cross-head, pestle-shank, and lifting-board B is made, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, in the following way: The pestle-sha-nk is formed of a rod having a head or enlargement, b', at its lower end, and the cross-head is formed with an opening extending through it vertically, or from end to end. rlhe lower partot' this opening for, say, halt' or two-thirds the length of the cross-head, is of larger area than the opening through the top or upper end of the crosshead. The diameter of the opening is suddenly contracted where the smaller portion merges in the larger portion,thus forming a shoulder, c. The lower part of thelarger opening is flaring to form a tapering socket, into which the correspondingly-shaped end of the lifter is wedged and secured by a cross-pin or bolt and nut after the shank C has been slipped into the cross-head opening from below, so as to bring the shank-head b between the shoulder c and the end c ofthe lifter after the latteris inserted. Endwise movement of the pestleshank independently of the movements ofthe lifter and cross-head is thus provided for. An expansive or thrust spring,D, rests at its lower end in an annular socket, cl, in the top of the cross-head, around its central opening, and at its upper end the spring bears against a collar, D', on the pestle-shank. For the purpose of securing a very strong connection between the collar D and shank C the former is made with a thread to match a screw upon the latter, and apin, d', prevents the turning of this collar-nut D upon the shank. The spring D prevents injury arising from violent concussion or too sudden and unyielding action upon the pestle through the lifter by the gripingrolls, presently to be described. It will readily be understood that the resistance to motion of the pestle when the lifting-board is suddenlyv I have found it preferable to employ symmetrical or truly cylindrical griping-rolls instead of lifting-cams or eccentric griping-rolls, such as shown in mybefore-referred-to patent, and to have one an idle-roll and the other` a positively-driven roll, instead of two geared or positively-actuated rolls. The idlerol1 is caused, by suitable cam-actuated mechanism connecting it with the driven roll, to approach and bear against or to recede from and occupy a position clear of the lifter, according to Whether the lifter is to be griped or pressed upon on opposite sides by the griping-rolls or is to be released and allowed to drop. The intermittingly-acting griping-rolls, their connecting mechanism, supports, &c., will now be described in their order.

A driving or main shaft, E, provided with a band-wheel or its equivalent, is suitably mounted in the main frame A. One of the pair of bearings, e c, for the driving-shaft is clearly shown in Fig. 1. Apositively-actuate'd roll, E', is fastened to the driving-shaft, and at the opposite sides or faces of this roll cams G Gr, of less diameter than the roll, are also fastened to this shaft. These cams may be made quite small-say of halt' or even less than half the size ot" the roll E-and are exactly alike and correspondingly arranged upon the shaft at the sidesof the roll.

A vibrating bifurcated frame is jointed at the extremities or lower ends ot' its arms H H to the supporting-frame A by suitable pivots, lt h, so that it mayrock vertically. The arms of this frame are shown as curved away from the roll E', or bent outward from or near their centers. Rollers gg are mounted, one upon each arm, at the angles or midway the curves of the arms, and these rollers respectively bear upon the peripheries of the respective cams G Gr. The forked frame is shown as made in three parts or sections, consisting of the two arms H H, and a pivoted cross-bar or connecting-top portion, H', trunnioned at its ends in the tops of the arms, so as to be free to rock independently of the'frame-arms. rllhe rocking frame, bridge-piece, or cross-har H has an opening through it in which a sleeve, I, is supported, so as to be free to turn and move endwise in the bearing-opening. A hand-wheel,

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I', is fastened at one end to the sleeve I, and

a removably secured collar, t', is fastened to the other or inner end of the sleeve. That the sleeve I may be moved endwise along a rod, I2, which constitutes the shank or controlling-arm of a yoke, J, to be described farther on, the hub of the hand-wheel is either provided with a screw-thread to match a thread upon the yoke-shank, or with a nut, i', (see Fig. 13,) which is firmly secured in arecess in the handwheel hub. The sleeve I may be moved in* ward or outward by turning the hand-wheel in the proper direction, and the frame H H H rocked so as to cause its rollers g g to move toward or away from the cams G G. Two thrust-springs, G g', upon the sleeve I, bear at the inner or adjacent ends upon the opposite at such point is obviouslyY greater than that exerted upon it elsewhere, as the spring G has to yield and be compressed and therefore exert its greatest force to draw the idle-roll against t-he lifter at the time that this roll is forced, in adjusting itself to the lifter, to occupy a position farther away from the roll E than at other times. The proper degree of pressure upon the lifter by the griping-rolls is thus exerted at a time when the greatest power is required, and slip or yield prevented.. Proper action of the griping-rolls upon the lifter in starting is greatly aided by decreasing the effect ot inertia, or aiding the rolls to overcome it by the employment of the spring D. Another advantage arising from the arrangement of this spring in the manner before explained is that in event of overspeeding the rolls, so that they catch the litter on its descent, the concussion is greatly lessened and liability of breakage of parts reduced to the minimum, for, when the'lit'ter is suddenly arrested in its drop, the unyielding weight only of the lifter and crosshead has to be sustained, the movement of the pestle and its rod being gradually arrested as the spring D yields and allows ofthe endwise movement of the pestle-rod independently of the cross-head and lifter. The weight ot the pestle and lifter being considerable results in frequent breakage of parts, particularly when cams are employed to operate the lifter, when the cams are brought to act upon the board too quickly or before it has fully dropped.

In order to arrest the movement of the lifting-board and pestle, or to stop any one of a series of pestlesdriven from a connnon shaft without stopping the driving-shaft orinterfi-ring with the operations of other pestles of a series, a segmental cam or eccentric, L, operated by a lever, L', is pivoted in a suitable way, as by a tie-rod or cross-shaft l, of the frame A, and in such relation to the crosshead, when elevated, that it may be caused to bear thereon and force or jam ittightly against its guideways, so as to create sufficient frictional contact between the cross-head and guideways to prevent movement ot' the lifter. ln Figs. 1 and 2 this lifter arresting and supporting eccentric L is shown in its inoperative position,and in Fig. 3 itis shown in operation.

Any suitable means may be employed for supporting the operating-lever L in position to hold the eccentric against accidental operation. ln thisinstance a rest or bracket,M, is employed. llhe lever rests inside the lug fm ofthe bracket. When itis desired to stop and hold up a lifter, thelever is seized,and by raising and then forcing or springing it sidewise is cleared of the rest. The cross-head, if already elevated, will catch upon the eccentric at the commencement of its descent, and if ascending will first act upon and rock the eccentric out of the way and then engage it.

A projection, N, on the side of the crosshead affords a hold for a lever, by which to raise the lifter to a position higher than that at which it may be supported by the4 eccentric L, and thus, if desirable, elevate thelifter clear of or above the griping-rolls at its lower end. Any suitable bar or lever may be rested or fulcrumed upon the tie-rod l of the frame, with its end under the projection N, and the lever may be made heavy enough or of length sufficient to hold up the lifter.

Itis obvious that the griping rolls or nippers may be thrown out of action upon the lifter by adjusting the hand-wheel I in asuitable way, so as to relieve the rocking frame or free it from pressure by the spring G', and thus prevent the adjustment of the idle nipper-roll, which is necessary to cause itto act.

The mortar C is provided with a discharge opening or chute, O, at one side of the center of its bottom. (See Figs. 1, 9, and 10.) A slide, O,is fitted between guide anges or brackets o 0 on the mortar, and works in an opening terminating in the mortar above the chute Awedge, P, passing through holesin the guideway-lugs o o and bearing against a shoulder, p, of the slide, serves to hold the slide in place. By forming the discharge-opening low down or close to the center of the bottom ot' the mortar the grain can readily be run out. It should be noticed that the inner end ot the slide is curved to correspond with the shape of the mortar-bottom,and that the slide is supported at its extreme inner end by a seat, o. It is thus firmly supported against the blows of the pestle and pressure ot' the grain. The mortar is provided with a turning-ring or device, by which the portion ot" grain directly beneath the pestle, when it strikes a blow, is

-directed toward the sides ot the mortar and loosely or without any support upon the mass of grain, or a ring rigidly secured in place in the mortar, I provide, as shown in Figsll and 12, a series of arms, Q, say, three, which are curved and secured at top to the mortar, and are provided with stops q at bottom to prevent the ring Q from falling off the skeleton supporting and guiding frame thus formed. The ring is attached to this frame by means of suitable bearlng clips or eyes,q. The arrows indicate the circuit or movementimparted to the rice by the ring and pestle.

As advantages arising from the use of aring supported as just described, instead of a loose ring or one merely resting on aud supported by the rice, or a rigidly-supported ring, it may be mentioned that it does not get out of center or under the pestle., nor become tilted, as a ring laid on the rice withoutguide or support is liable to, nor does my ring always occupy a xed relation to the mortar regardless of the amount of rice or its shrinkage as operated upon, but, on the contrary, follows the rice as it shrinks, always operating uniformly, which is not the case with lixed rings.

1n Fig. 13 is illustrated a modification by IOO stead of a cylindrical roll.

which a cam roll or eccentric is employed in- In this way the advantages arising fromthe employment of my system of nipping-rolls and the use of the tapered or iieXible lifting-board are retained, while giving a greater pressure upon the lifter after starting them by the preferred construction hereiubefore in detail explained.

It is obvious that any desired numberof pestles may be operated from the single drivingshaft merely by duplicating the parts, that hand-power may be adapted to work small mills constructed in accordance with myinvention, and that, instead of elevated or overhead mortars and thrusting-pestles, low-down mortars, With the driving mechanism above to lift the pestles by pulling instead of thrusting, may be used in connection with essential features of my improvements.

l am aware that itis old,broadlyconsidered, to support one of a pair of griping-rolls or revolving nippers in a cam-actuated vibrating frame, and to intermittingly actuate such roll or nipper so as to cause it to approach and recede from the other roll of the pair, as well as to hold the adjustable roll up to its work with yielding pressure, and therefore I do not unqualifiedly claim griping-rolls so supported and actuated; neither do I broadly ela-im the employment of aspring in connection with a lifter to relieve shocks, e., lnor the employment of a lever to arrest and hold up a lifter, nor a mortar provided with a discharge-opening and means for closing it, as such features and constructions, unqualitiedly considered, are older than my invention.

I claim as of my own inventionl. The combination, with a gripingroll-actuated rising an d falling lifter, of an idle or intermittingly-operated griping-roll, a controllingframe, rollers rigidly attached to said frame, the shaft of the idle-rolleccentrically mounted in said rollers,and means by which to rockthe rollers and thereby cause theidle-roll automatically to bear against or vibrate away from the lifter, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination ofthe positively-actuated roll, the idler or intermittingly-actuated roll, its controlling-frame, rollers rigidly secured to said frame, the shaft of the idleroll mounted eccentrically in said rollers, a counter-balance acting with a tendency to rock said rollers in a direction such as to move the idle-roll away from the positively-driven roll,

and a controller bywhich to cause the idle-roll to approach the positively-driven roll automatically and at intervals, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a pair of griping-rolls, one of which is positively driven, cams by the sides of and rotating with said positively-actuated roll, an eccentric actuating rocking-frame ad- 6 5 justably supporting the other -roll of the pair,

and cam-actuated connecting mechanism by which said adjustable roll is moved toward and away from the positively-driven roll, and thus intermittingly brought into position to co-operate with the driven roll, for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the driving-shaft, the i griping-roll fast thereon, the cams at the sides ot` said roll revolving with the drivin g-shaft, the vibrating frame actuated by said cams, the eccentrically-mounted adjustable griping-roll', and the controller or yoke connected with the adjustable support of said roll, and yieldingly connected with the' cam -actuated vibrating frame, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the driving-shaft, the roll thereon, the cams, the vibrating frame, its rollers acted upon by the cams, the trunnioned cross-barr of the vibratinglframe,`the adjustable sleeve passing through said bar, the adjustable roll, the rod or yoke-shank'by which the adjustment of said roll is controlled, and the spring acting upon the vibratin g frame to press the rollers thereof against the cams on the driving-shaft, for the purpose described.

6. The combination of the positively-actuated griping-roll, the adjustable idle-roll, the cams at the sides of the positively-driven roll, the vibrating frame actuated by said cams, the yoke by which to adjust the idle-roll, its rod or shank, the sleeve thereon, the hand-wheel, and the spring bearing at its opposite ends against the hand-wheel and against the pivoted cross-bar of the cam-actuated vibrating frame, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

7. The combination of the frame, the crosshead, the lifter tapered to reduceits thickness gradually from a point near the cross-head to its opposite or free end, and the griping-rolls, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The lifter cut away next the cross-head and tapered to gradually increase its thickness from its free end to said cut-away part, as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the lifter, the pestle, the positively-actuated griping-roll, the intermittngly-acting griping-roll, and cam-actuated connecting mechanism between said rolls to move the idle-roll up to the lifter at intervals, as described.

10. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the lift-er, griping-rolls by which it is actuated, the lifter cross-head, the pestle, its rod supported by and movable endwise independently of the cross-head, and theaspring for relieving concussion upon the rolls and aiding in overcoming inertia in starting the lifter and its attachments.

1l. LThe combination of the lifter cross-head provided with an endwise and shouldered opening, the headed rod fitted thereon, the collar on said rod, and the spring` interposed between the collar and cross-head, substanf tially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

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12. The combination of the cross-head provided with an endwise and shouldered opening, the lifter fitted in the enlarged Haring end of said opening, the headed rod or shank tted and movable endwisein the smaller end of said opening, and having its head confined between the lifter end and shoulder of the opening, and the spring acting at one end against the shank and hearing at its opposite end upon the cross-head, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

13. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the supporting-frame, the lifter, thecross-head, the eccentric acting on the cross-head, and its controlling-lever.

14. The combination of the supportin g-frame, the lifter, the cross-head, the eccentric mounted upon a cross-shaft or tie-rod of the frame, the lever, and the rest for the lever, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

15. The combination of the griping-rolls,

the supporting-frame, the pestle, the lifter, and the cross-head provided with the projection by which the lifter may be raised clear of the griping-rolls, as described.

16. The combination of the mortar having the discharge-opening in its bottom close to its center, the slide, the guideWay-flanges therefor, and the Wedge passing through said flanges and acting upon the shoulder of the slide, as and for the purpose described.

17. The combination of the mortar, the riceturning ring, and the skeleton supporting and guiding frame therefor, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this Sth day ot' September, A. D. 1881.

FRED BROTHERHOOD.

Witnesses:

A. G. Rosn, LLoYD B. WIGHT.

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