US2495566A - Production of insolubilized filamentary products by the wet spinning of protein solutions - Google Patents
Production of insolubilized filamentary products by the wet spinning of protein solutions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2495566A US2495566A US606022A US60602245A US2495566A US 2495566 A US2495566 A US 2495566A US 606022 A US606022 A US 606022A US 60602245 A US60602245 A US 60602245A US 2495566 A US2495566 A US 2495566A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- coagulum
- aqueous
- stretched
- filamentary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000012460 protein solution Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000581364 Clinitrachus argentatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100256026 Drosophila melanogaster meigo gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010003571 Nut Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 formaldehyde, chromium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, films or the like filamentary products obtained by the wet spinning of aqueous alkaline solutions of proient to apply to a continuously moving filamentary product. Accordingly it is desirable that for at least a considerable part of the period taken up by the insolubilisation treatment the filamentary teins, and especially of aqueous alkaline vege- 5 product should be in an untensioned condition table globulin and casein solutions, into saline and that most of the insolubilisation treatment aqueous coagulating baths of acid reaction and should take place after the tension employed in followed by a subsequent after-treatment of the the coagulation step or in any subsequent stretchfilamentary products that includes a treatment ing step, has been relaxed.
- Such further chemito maintain the coagulated filament under tencal lnsolubilisation treatment is usually carried sion in substantially saturated sodium chloride out with the aid of formaldehyde, chromium salts solution, for instance, as described in British or aluminium salts, which are often referred to Specification 543,586, which was accepted on as hardening agents, in aqueous solutions con- March 4, 1942 and is an equivalent of U. S. Patent taining such compounds in association with other No. 2,358,427.
- formaldehyde, chromium salts solution for instance, as described in British or aluminium salts, which are often referred to Specification 543,586, which was accepted on as hardening agents, in aqueous solutions con- March 4, 1942 and is an equivalent of U. S. Patent taining such compounds in association with other No. 2,358,427.
- the acidity of the coagulated filamentary material emerging from the acid saline coagulating bath is preferably reduced by drawing it through one or more aqueous non-solvent baths, for instance, neutral saline baths, before subjecting it to the action of the swelling bath containing the buffering solute.
- aqueous non-solvent baths for instance, neutral saline baths
- the buffering solute may comprise a weak base or feebly alkaline salt of a strong base with a weak acid, and may also comprise feebly acidic salts or weak acids in addition if necessary.
- weak bases and feebly basic salts may be mentioned aniline, ortho-toluidine, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and di-sodium hydrogen phosphate.
- citric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid or mono sodium dihydrogen phosphate may be included. It will be understood that the total electrolyte concentration of the bath must not be excessive in order that it should retain the capacity to swell the filament.
- the bath may be used at atmospheric or preferably at a somewhat raised temperature.
- the subsequent shrinking bath may be, for instance, a concentrated solution of a neutral salt or an organic dehydrating agent such as alcohol in water or some other non-solvent solution of like osmotic pressure. i. If desired a preliminary stretch may be given to the filamentary product before it is introduced into the swelling bath of buffering properties in which it is stretched, for instance, in the coagulating bath or some intermediate bath such as a neutral saline bath.
- the process according to the present invention has the advantage that the shrinking treatment applied to the stretched filament still under tension does not necessitate nearly such a long time as the treatments hitherto proposed for application to stretch the filament in order to render it possible to complete their insolubilisation without tension. Hence it can be more conveniently carried out on an advancing filament. Moreover, it enables a higher stretch to be applied, without rendering the filaments sticky, than the hitherto known stretching processes.
- Example 1 A solution containing by weight of pea nut rotein 1.3% caustic soda and with a viscosity of 200 poises is extruded at the rate of 40 c. e. per minute through a spinneret containing 500 holes each .09 mm. in diameter into a coagulating bath of 20% sodium sulphate and 2% sulphuric acid in water at 28 C.
- the filaments thus formed are drawn oil over a 16 cm. diameter godet wheel rotating at revolutions per minute and passed through a second bath of 20% sodium sulphate in water at 40 C. and are collected on a swift at a peripheral speed of 60 metres per minute. The filaments are thereby extended about one third of their length.
- the filaments are then transferred to an insolubilisation bath containing 1 formaldehyde and 2% hydrochloric acid in saturated sodium chloride brine at 38 C., and are allowed to remain in this bath for eighteen hours, by which time they are capable of withstanding treatment in a bath containing 0.1% sulphuric acid and 0.25% sodium sulphate for 90 minutes at 97 C.
- length of the filaments is 65% greater than that of the filaments taken from the swift, and the diameter of the filaments is correspondingly reduced.
- the iso-electric pH of pea nut protein is about 4.5.
- Example 2 In this case the coagulating bath is the same as in Example 1 and the freshly coagulated filaments as they are advanced are given a preliminary stretch in a bath of 20% sodium sulphate in water at 40 C. as in Example 1, but instead of being collected on a swift they are introduced from the tensioning roller into a bath consisting of 0.4% aniline solution in water at 50 C., in which they are further stretched to twice their length, and from this stretching bath the filaments pass over a series of successive pairs of skew cylindrical rollers driven to rotate at the same peripheral speed in parallel planes, over which they are wound in a helix so that they take one minute to complete the traverse. These skew rollers are immersed in saturated sodium chloride solution at 40 C., and thus hold the continuously advancing stretched filament at its stretched length in the saturated sodium chloride bath for one minute.
- the advancing filaments are collected and cut into staple fibre.
- the staple fibre is then transferred to the insolubilisation bath described in Example 1, in which it is allowed to remain for eighteen hours at 30 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB269469X | 1944-08-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2495566A true US2495566A (en) | 1950-01-24 |
Family
ID=10251705
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US606022A Expired - Lifetime US2495566A (en) | 1944-08-09 | 1945-07-19 | Production of insolubilized filamentary products by the wet spinning of protein solutions |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2495566A (en(2012)) |
| BE (1) | BE459390A (en(2012)) |
| CH (1) | CH269469A (en(2012)) |
| DE (1) | DE860239C (en(2012)) |
| FR (1) | FR911153A (en(2012)) |
| GB (1) | GB580508A (en(2012)) |
| NL (1) | NL62649C (en(2012)) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB744842A (en) * | 1952-04-16 | 1956-02-15 | Angel Ferretti | Improvements relating to processes for stretching artificial filaments and fibres ofproteins |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2211961A (en) * | 1937-04-08 | 1940-08-20 | Du Pont | Artificial product and method for producing same |
| US2266672A (en) * | 1938-10-13 | 1941-12-16 | Courtaulds Ltd | Manufacture and production of artificial threads, filaments, and the like |
| US2290789A (en) * | 1937-11-18 | 1942-07-21 | Courtaulds Ltd | Manufacture and production of artificial filaments, threads, and the like |
| US2338916A (en) * | 1937-03-02 | 1944-01-11 | Ferretti Antonio | Embodiment in the process for manufacturing artificial textile fibers from animal casein |
| US2358427A (en) * | 1940-08-29 | 1944-09-19 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin |
| US2409475A (en) * | 1944-01-11 | 1946-10-15 | Du Pont | Shaped protein structures and their preparation |
-
0
- NL NL62649D patent/NL62649C/xx active
- BE BE459390D patent/BE459390A/xx unknown
-
1944
- 1944-08-09 GB GB15129/44A patent/GB580508A/en not_active Expired
-
1945
- 1945-05-29 FR FR911153D patent/FR911153A/fr not_active Expired
- 1945-07-19 US US606022A patent/US2495566A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1945-08-08 CH CH269469D patent/CH269469A/de unknown
-
1949
- 1949-10-21 DE DEI50A patent/DE860239C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2338916A (en) * | 1937-03-02 | 1944-01-11 | Ferretti Antonio | Embodiment in the process for manufacturing artificial textile fibers from animal casein |
| US2211961A (en) * | 1937-04-08 | 1940-08-20 | Du Pont | Artificial product and method for producing same |
| US2290789A (en) * | 1937-11-18 | 1942-07-21 | Courtaulds Ltd | Manufacture and production of artificial filaments, threads, and the like |
| US2266672A (en) * | 1938-10-13 | 1941-12-16 | Courtaulds Ltd | Manufacture and production of artificial threads, filaments, and the like |
| US2358427A (en) * | 1940-08-29 | 1944-09-19 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of filaments from vegetable globulin |
| US2409475A (en) * | 1944-01-11 | 1946-10-15 | Du Pont | Shaped protein structures and their preparation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL62649C (en(2012)) | |
| DE860239C (de) | 1952-12-18 |
| BE459390A (en(2012)) | |
| GB580508A (en) | 1946-09-10 |
| CH269469A (de) | 1950-07-15 |
| FR911153A (fr) | 1946-07-01 |
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