US2494661A - Gas blast circuit breaker - Google Patents

Gas blast circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US2494661A
US2494661A US723724A US72372447A US2494661A US 2494661 A US2494661 A US 2494661A US 723724 A US723724 A US 723724A US 72372447 A US72372447 A US 72372447A US 2494661 A US2494661 A US 2494661A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
casing
electrode
movable electrode
contact
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Expired - Lifetime
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US723724A
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English (en)
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Latour Andre
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H01H33/82—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • GAS BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER Filed Jan. 23, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 17, 1 950 GAS BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER ,Andr Latour, Grenoble, France Application January 23, 1947, Serial No. 723,724 In France May 5, 1939 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires May 5, 1959 6 Claims. (Cl. 200148)
  • My present invention relates to electric circuit breakers, and relates more particularly to circuit breakers wherein a blast of compressible fluid is used to extinguish the arc.
  • a further object of my present invention is to provide for means to prevent the fluid after it has been heated by the arc from making contact with the exterior surface of the movable member and to direct the same away from said surface towards exhaust.
  • Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of a circuit breaker in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, but embodying a modification.
  • I provide a casing I, preferably made of insulating material.
  • Said casing 1 is endless and hollow and may, for instance, be of cylindrical shape.
  • the casing 1 is provided, about midway of its length with a series of radially arranged openings I1 for the entry of pressurized fluid.
  • a collar 8 surrounds said midway portion of the casing and is rigidly secured thereto and may be connected, with a pipe II), to a pressure source of the. fluid and serves the purpose to convey fluid received from the pipe H) to all of said openings I! for discharge thereof to the interior of the casing I.
  • a deflector member 4 is mounted near one end on the interior of said casing! and has a centre ⁇ aperture adapted to receive a stationary or fixed electrode or contact I.
  • Said electrode 1, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is hollow and may be made in the shape of a slotted tube having free ends turned inwardly for making under the tension of its own resiliency, contact with the outer surface of the movable electrode 2.
  • the other end of said fixed electrode I is provided with a flange that is rigidly secured to the deflector member 4 by a cover 5 that has a central opening intercommunicating with the central opening of the hollow stationary electrode I, serving as an exhaust passage for heated fluid.
  • a pipe or muffler 6 is connected to said cover 5 for conducting the exhaust fluid.
  • Said cover 5 preferably is made of conducting material and is electrically interconnected by means of a lead l8 to an electric circuit (not shown) to be interrupted by the switch in accordance with my present invention.
  • the deflector 4 may be mounted in the casing I by means of screws, as shown, or by any other suitable fastening means.
  • the interior of said deflector 4 is recessed for directing incoming fluids as will be explained later on.
  • a hollow holding member 9 that is made of insualting material and that may be secured to the casing by means of screws, as shown, or by any other suitable fastening means.
  • An endless hollow member 3 is mounted on the inner end of said holding member 9 and extends with ones end to a point near the inner recessed surface of said deflecting member 4 forming therewith a passage II of U-shaped cross-section for receiving fluid and for directing the same towards the inner breaking plane defining end of said stationary electrode I.
  • the exterior of said holding member 9 converges at a point opposite to said openings I'I to provide a space between its exterior and the wall of said casing l and said space is intercommunicating with the passage l l for conducting the gases from the openings ll towards said stationary electrode l.
  • the remainder of said holding member 9 abuts on its exterior with the wall of the casing l to prevent the fluid from expanding into any direction other than towards the stationary electrode I.
  • the movable electrode 2 which is preferably of hollow, elongated tubular form, is reciprocable on the interior of said holding member 9 but is spaced from the interior thereof.
  • the movable electrode 2 in its normal contact making position extends at one longitudinal end into said stationary electrode l and is firmly gripped there by the resilient inwardly turned ends thereof for good electrical contact, and extends with the opposite end to the exterior of said casing.
  • Said movable electrode is open on said first, contact making, end and in that position its interior communicates with the interior of the stationary contact i, the cover 5 and the exhaust 6.
  • the movable electrode 2 is supported about midway of its length in normal position, by a guiding ring l2 that is provided at one side with packing means l3.
  • a conductive cover i5 is connected to the opposite end of said casing 'l and carries an apertured secondgu-iding ring Iii which sl-idably engages said movable electrode 2.
  • a brush M is clamped between the cover l5 and the guiding ring l6, and is interconnected, by means of the cover IE to a lead 52 of said aforementioned circuit.
  • An exhaust or muffler 21 is provided near the exhaust end of said movable electrode 2 and may be provided with screens 22 for receiving and conducting exhaust fluid discharged through the exhaustopening from the interior of said movable electrode .2.
  • the hollow member 3 may either be made of conductive material or of insulating material, but, since it is mounted on the insulated support member 9, it cannot form an electrical contact for the are which develops upon disengagement of the electrodes.
  • Said hollow member 3 surrounds a portion of said movable electrode 2 in the normal position thereof near said breaking. plane of said stationary contact 1.
  • the member 3 preferably includes a portion, near said breaking plane that extends transversal of the longitudinal extension of said movable electrode 2, and is shaped disc-like. The interior of said disclike portion surrounds saidmovable electrode 2 but is spaced therefrom and forms with the exteriorthereof a narrow endless ap. The remainder of said hollow portion extend from.
  • the outer contour of said disclike portion in a direction away from said breaking plane substantially parall l to said movable electrode 2 and its interior is spaced from the outer surface of said electrode 2 for a greater distance than the width of said gap and provides an annular chamber 24 that intercommunicates with said gap and the gap forms an open end of restricted area for said chamber 24.
  • Said chamber 24 extends in the opposite direction to said guiding ring [2 which, together with the packing is, provides an effective closure for said chamber 24 making it impermeable to the passage of fluid at said end.
  • the disc-like portion will deflect the heated fluids as well as the are through the interiors of the hollow electrodes and, aided by the pressurized fluid in said chamber 24, will prevent that either the hot fluid or the arc make contact with the exterior surface of the movable electrode 2.
  • This shielding of the outer surface of the movable electrode 2 above described, will preserve said surface intact for ensuring good contact surface with the stationary electrode 1 for repeated engagement and disengagement of said electrode over protracted periods of time.
  • the muffler 21 is not movable with the movable electrode 2, but is mounted stationary with relation to the casing 7.
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, an elongated movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in' contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, means secured in said casing and electrically insulated from either electrode and closely surrounding a portion of said movable electrode but closely spaced therefrom forming a chamber therewith for receiving static fluid and being fluid-impermeable at one end, said means 5 arranged to direct the flow of fluid to said breaking plane, and after disengagement to direct said fluid in opposite directions to the interiorsof said electrodes for exhaust, whereby the exterior of said movable electrode will be shielded from high temperature contact.
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, an elongated movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, means secured in said casing and electrically insulated from either electrode and arranged for directing fluid to said breaking plane and having a part surrounding said movable electrode forming with the exterior thereof an endless gap, and having on the part extending from said first part for a portion coaxially of said movable electrode for forming with the exterior thereof a chamber having a restricted pressure equalizing path constituted by said gap on one end and havinglts opposite end impermeable to the passage of fluid, whereby fluid may enter from the exterior of said insulated means into said chamber to
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, a circular movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, annular means secured in said casing and electrically insulated from either electrode and arranged for directing fluid to said breaking plane and having a part surrounding said movable electrode forming with the exterior thereof an endless circular gap, and having an other part extending from said first part for a portion coaxially of said movable electrode for forming with the exterior thereof an annular chamber having a restricted pressure equalizing path constituted by said gap on one end and having its opposite end impermeable to the passage of fluid, whereby fluid may enter from the exterior of said insulated means into said chamber to
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, an elongated movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, means-secured in said casingplane and having a part surrounding said mov-- able electrode forming with the exterior thereof an endless gap, and having'on the part extending from said first part for a portion coaxially of said movable electrode for forming with the exterior thereof a chamber having a restricted pressure equalizing path constituted by said gap on one end, means at the opposite end of said chamber for closing the same to the passage of fluid, whereby fluid may enter the exterior of said insulated means into said chamber to fill the same prior to contact disengagement andthere
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in' combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, an elongated movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, a hollow member secured in said casing and electrically insulated from either electrode and disposed coaxially with said movable electrode and surrounding the same for a portion and including an end part near said breaking plane extending transversally of said movable electrode forming with the exterior surface thereof an endless gap of predetermined width, another part of said member forming with the exterior surface of said movable electrode a chamber intercommunicating on one end with said gap constituting a pressure equalizing path of restricted area for said chamber and having its opposite end impermeable to the passage of
  • a fluid blast electric circuit breaker including a casing having apertures to admit to its interior fluids from a blast pressure source, in combination, a hollow fixed electrode in said casing, an elongated movable electrode cooperating with said fixed electrode and being hollow and open at the contact engagement end and having outlets near the other end disposed at least in contact disengaging position on the exterior of said casing, said fixed electrode having near one side a breaking plane defining the location of arc-forming disengagement from said movable electrode, a hollow member secured in said casing and electrically insulated from either electrode and disposed coaxially with said movable electrode and surrounding the same for a portion and including an end part near said breaking 7 plane extending transversally of said movable electrode forming with the exterior surface thereof an endless gap of predetermined width, another part of said member forming with the exterior surface of said movable electrode a chamber interoommunicating on one end with said gap constituting a pressure equalizing path of restricted area for said chamber and having its opposite end impermeable to the passage

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US723724A 1939-05-12 1947-01-23 Gas blast circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US2494661A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE52540D DE738527C (de) 1939-05-12 1939-05-12 Elektrischer Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch ein gasfoermiges Loeschmittel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2494661A true US2494661A (en) 1950-01-17

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ID=7081602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US723724A Expired - Lifetime US2494661A (en) 1939-05-12 1947-01-23 Gas blast circuit breaker

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2494661A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE471740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE738527C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR859295A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB615031A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3350529A (en) * 1964-03-12 1967-10-31 Asea Ab Air blast circuit breaker with auxiliary enclosed housing
US3579258A (en) * 1968-09-23 1971-05-18 Gen Electric Gas blast circuit breaker using a generally axial flow main blast
US3889084A (en) * 1973-09-19 1975-06-10 I T E Corp Contact for high voltage gas blast circuit breaker with time-delayed opening
US3909571A (en) * 1973-09-19 1975-09-30 Ite Imperial Corp Contact structure for high voltage gas blast circuit interrupter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE471740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1939-05-12

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US716475A (en) * 1901-04-03 1902-12-23 Gen Electric Extinguishing electric arcs.
US1937482A (en) * 1928-09-18 1933-11-28 Ruppel Sigwart Compressed gas switch
US1987885A (en) * 1932-03-01 1935-01-15 Electr & Allied Ind Res Ass Electric circuit-breaker
US2060282A (en) * 1932-06-04 1936-11-10 Delle Atel Const Electr Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out
USRE21125E (en) * 1939-06-20 Switch
FR859295A (fr) * 1939-05-12 1940-12-14 Merlin Gerin Perfectionnements aux interrupteurs électriques à fluide gazeux
US2303825A (en) * 1941-09-18 1942-12-01 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE21125E (en) * 1939-06-20 Switch
US716475A (en) * 1901-04-03 1902-12-23 Gen Electric Extinguishing electric arcs.
US1937482A (en) * 1928-09-18 1933-11-28 Ruppel Sigwart Compressed gas switch
US1987885A (en) * 1932-03-01 1935-01-15 Electr & Allied Ind Res Ass Electric circuit-breaker
US2060282A (en) * 1932-06-04 1936-11-10 Delle Atel Const Electr Electric circuit breaker with compressed gas blow-out
FR859295A (fr) * 1939-05-12 1940-12-14 Merlin Gerin Perfectionnements aux interrupteurs électriques à fluide gazeux
US2303825A (en) * 1941-09-18 1942-12-01 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3350529A (en) * 1964-03-12 1967-10-31 Asea Ab Air blast circuit breaker with auxiliary enclosed housing
US3579258A (en) * 1968-09-23 1971-05-18 Gen Electric Gas blast circuit breaker using a generally axial flow main blast
US3889084A (en) * 1973-09-19 1975-06-10 I T E Corp Contact for high voltage gas blast circuit breaker with time-delayed opening
US3909571A (en) * 1973-09-19 1975-09-30 Ite Imperial Corp Contact structure for high voltage gas blast circuit interrupter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE738527C (de) 1943-08-19
BE471740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR859295A (fr) 1940-12-14
GB615031A (en) 1948-12-31

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