US2494243A - Pressure ribbon-type gas burner - Google Patents

Description

INVENTOR.

Jan. 10, 1950 1.. 0. HOULIS 2,494,243 I PRESSURE RIBBON-TYPE GAS BURNER Filed July 51, 1944- s Sheets-Sheet 1 LOU/3 0. H0014; {@44 4 m fiffozwzw Jan. 10, 1950 1.. D. HOULIS PRESSURE RIBBON-TYPE GAS BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 31, 1944 INVENTOR. 1001.: D. /'/0UL/6 OQJ mflry HTTOENEVJ D. HOULIS 2,494,243

PRESSURE RIBBON- TYPE GAS BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 10, 1950 Filed July 51, 1944 IN VENTOR. 1001.; 0. HOUL IJ nrmervzvs Patented Jan. 10, 1950 PRESSURE iki94,2i3' u e: i RIBBON-TYPE GAS BURNE in 5., vii, i H p ts;

Application July 31, 1944, SeriallNo. 547,320

P? in} v1. 1 crime." (Cl. 158-114) s w- 1 1 hull: 223.121) l mu This n en i ela to gas hu ne ssnci-t hes reference. more particularlr to impgprem ni in as bu e s 011a typ resneciailyiad pt d sta indust al insta lat o s. for. use in. b ati aend. we: a ns equ pment, in feed propessingta nan s s. b kersi o ens. stor an i ensesi ndsin when installations where a uniform and steady flame s de ed. y 4 r on ..It is, one of the princ pal. obi at L nve ts abq is ted. f a sim li ed co structions that-is e s to nstall in anyo its various applications; that. s ad ly adju t l i ricie erminat oa Qt flam ha ac erandlwhich is easy todisessemble to, facilitate cleaning, repair or overhaul of its parts ;A u; ;:n i 1. a 0,2 4 y. .qw 1;.1-4 It s also an obiectoithis inveutiouctormvide a gas burner haying the advantaaes above stated that will burn with auniform, ribbon-momma d. w i y reason of its arran ementof Darts andtheir etai s p constructiomhas great tales-i anee of turn-down without. causinmbackfirina and has great tolerance. of primary air. and. flame. increase without causing the flame to lift or to blow out. I H1 i r, Another object, of thisinvention is to prorid v ages burnerthat is suitable torsusevoi primary. air at atmospheric pressure and which can be 511CCSSf1111y COmhind with a blower to furnish. both primary ,andlsecondary air under pressureand thereby adapted for usein normallyrclosedi places not equipped for admission of secondary 5111. $310.34 I MM Yet another objector, theinventiontis trimmvide a as burn r, otthe atmosphericmllentuni yp t a i out structural changesormodincas. 39,1 5. can be combined withvmeans for supply n r, under s e. and thus convertedflto a presssure air or pressure air. and gas burner.-

i is; i v2 Ln Is ll as. 1 3 35 L b-H16 4L I i. s. s r

e mnrmqqidetailsof construction, the preferred Iarmaqf. whicharerillustrated in the accompanying. drawingsiwhereinw W t. Fig. 1 isa longitudinal section .of a gas burner which is typical of those embodied-by this in /em tion, showing one form of construction suitable for iuse-ot air at atmospheric pressure. a I

Fig. 2 is a tai or" Slap View or the sagguu eg with rt'sthere'of brokenawa for "ur ses of tion terror ids a easflhurnerno z he. charac r 10 pa p m explanation and better illustration. v Fi'g'. 31s a cross section taken on the line 3-3, 'F s-l y. A i t Figl qi isa detail showing, in cross section and burner of a simplified alternatire form. A H 7 y .4 a 1 Fig. 5 is a similar crpss section al view of a s q er of another alternative form of construco l v2 w 1 v. r 1 V4 is: rP. t 6 s a; kie 2w fit, absm mp le; he ire QsUrttHeQJse ip-seq to u P either at atmospheric pressure or under forced pressure. 7 m Rig. 7 is a top view of the burner shown in Fig; 6. 1

More specifically stated. the objects of .thisina.

rention, reside in the provision. ot a gas burner for both high and low burning flame.;'that can-use. iir at atmospheric pressure when a minimumor owbumin flame is required and/erases. pro;- niaed, pr induced ainpressure burnenwheri maxm mum or high flame isrequiredm Furthermore, to )rovide such a burner with novel means for its mtomatio control l Still further objeotsof the inventionireside in ,he details of cpnstructionand combinationdot; iarts as employedin the burner inflthe various nodifications ,thereoiand. either as an atmos- Jheric air or asa pressure burner,

in accomplishing the,,.above mentioned and Figig is an enlarged, cross-sectional view oi;

the delayed action gas control valve used in the pressure system of Fig, 6

Fig.9isab'iir" arran ment q mi d w th means for supply g it with primary and seconds fles u es r r r Fig; '16; i's a'. cross-sectio rialview and perspective on a? line lil-jgiii Fig}, 9- i- .v y m r f ll'isle g dssss ieseiriewof some; ta vghigfi spu ge; ml oc ing improvements of the st l lt i tii nnisjinfi e ledr 111518 'orizontal section, tak new i .1-. 4",.

aererrme more in detail to the drawings- As was pifeviously stated, the present burner i s adaptable to various uses the novel fejijipix es or-coastrucusnniay be sm ared in such tur e g ex m le. he smesmsn as; thiiii? of diifereritidetailf so? desii e i i sffir ma i a supp d meet;

atatmospheric 1 pressure; or

1 ima amuse pressurepor it may he designed to receiye miditionalprimary and secondary air untier forced delivery as suprili'ed by a blower. Furthermore 1 ithedourner might be operated under" control or automatio'oontrolmeans. Ii'r thetollowingspecimatiomr will first describe th burner in a term, of construction utilizing primary air supplied, under control at atmospheric pressuraand will later describe theburner as equipped for the use ither objects of the invention, I have provided of atmospheric air for low burning flame and air under pressure for high burning flame, and also in connection with means for supplyin it with both primary and secondary air under forced delivery and also to operate under automatic control.

First describing the burner as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3: I designates the burner tube within which a fuel mixture of air and gas is supplied to the burner outlets. This tube is shown as being a cylindrical iron pipe of substantial length, as may be determined by its particular use or by requirements in specific installations. The tube is not necessarily cylindrical, but may be square or of other cross sectional shape. It is closed at its outer end by a cap 2 threaded thereonto and at its inner end it is connected by means of a pipe fitting 3 with a short length Of pipe 4 in which a Venturi sleeve 5 is fitted; the sleeve providing a Venturi passage 6 that is directed into the burner tube I. The pipe 4 has threaded connection at its outer end with a. T-fitting 1 through which the primary air and gas is supplied to the burner tube to form the fuel mixture and, as will presently be understood, the fuel mixture is delivered into tube I under sufilcient pressure as to insure an even distribution and discharge along the full length of the tube.

The T-fltting 1 has an outer end opening 8, opposite that into which the pipe 4 is threaded, for admittance of atmospheric air to the burner under control of an adjustable closure cap 10. The cap III is supported by legs II cast therewith and extended inwardly from its inner face. These are connected to an externally threaded ring 12 that is threaded into the opening 8. By turning the cap Hi, the ring will be advanced farther into or outwardly from the opening 8 and will thus adjust the cap accordingly to control the inflow of air to supply the burner according to the mixture and flame desired. The cap III, as noted in Fig. l, is formed with a central opening I3 so that all air to the burner cannot be shut oil even though the cap be tightly closed against the fitting.

Gas under suitable pressure is supplied to the burner through a supply pipe I5 which threads into a housing I6. The housing I5, in turn, is threaded into the top opening 01' the T-fitting I and is held against unthreading by means of a set screw I 1 tightened thereagalnst.

The housing I6 is contained within the T-fitting 1 and within the housing IB is a chamber 18 formed with a side opening l9 into which a small nipple 20 is threaded. The nipple has a tapered jet opening therethrough and this axially coincides with the axial line of the Venturi passage 6 and is directed through the latter into the burner tube. Threaded through the back wall of housing l6, opposite the jet opening 2| is a screw, or needle valve member, 23 having a conically tapered end portion 22 that by applying a screw driver through the opening I3 in cap Ill, may be a usted into and from the orifice 2| to regulate the rate of discharge of gas into the Venturi passage to supply the burner. The suction that is incident to this discharge of gas causes air to be drawn into the burner through the opening 8 as permitted by the adjustment of cap I0 and, as was previously mentioned, the gas jet causes the fuel mixture to enter the tube I under pressure sufiicient to maintain an even distribution of the mixture to the burner outlets throughout the length of the tube.

Thus, it will be understood that with the gas the tube.

being supplied under a definite pressure and the needle valve adjusted to a setting for admittance of a desired flow of gas, the air cap I0 may be adjusted to admit air to produce a fuel mixture that will give the best or a desired character of flame.

The fuel mixture that is thus delivered into the tube I is discharged from the tube through a succession of small ports 25, formed in one or more rows extending lengthwise of the tube alon its top side. These ports open from the tube into a closed duct 26 that is formed along the top 01 Preferably this duct is formed by applying an inverted channel iron member 21 along the top side of the pipe, then welding the edges of the channel flanges to the pipe walls along the lines of contact as shown at 28 in Fig. 3. The

.duct 26 is closed at its ends by walls 29, seen in Fig. 1.

Extending lengthwise of the top or horizontal wall of the channel member 21 as seen in Fig. l. and formed in its top surface, is a channel 30. Drilled through the base of this channel at spaced intervals therealong, are ports 32 opening into the duct 26 for the outflow 0f the fuel mixture into the channel 30. Disposed upon the top wall of the channel member 21 and extending throughout its length is a transversely corrugated ribbon strip 35 of suitable sheet metal of the same width as the channel member 21, and providing a succession of cross channels 36 between its corrugations, all of which are in communication with the channel 30 and are open at their opposite ends to the opposite sides of the burner and flush with the side walls of the channel member 21. The ribbon strip 35 is overlaid, and is held in place thereon by a plurality of bolts 38 that are extended therethrcugh and through the member 21 and threaded into the top wall of the pipe I, as is hown in Fig. 1.

With this arrangement of parts, the fuel mixture is supplied to the duct 26 from tube I through the ports 25, and from the duct 28 it passes through the ports 32 into the channel 30 and from this latter it is supplied to the succession of cross channels 36 of the corrugated ribbon strip and from then to the opposite sides of the burner. The arrangement of ducts, ports and channels, as described, provides a means that eflectively counteracts or eliminates the tendency of backfiring regardless of how restricted the air supply may be and, furthermore, all tendency to blow out or to lift the flame under full supply of air and gas is overcome.

In Fig. 4, I have shown a modification of the invention which is a rather simplified type of burner, suitable for some installations. It is to be understood that this modified type would be equipped for attachment to air and gas supply means like or similar to that which has previously been described in connection with Fig. 1.

i This simplified construction comprises a tubular manifold I a which, like tube I, is formed along its top side with two rows of fuel discharge ports 25', opening therefrom into a longitudinal duct 26' which, might be provided by applying an inverted channel member 21' longitudinally of and against the top side of the tube as was previously explained in connection with the description of tube I, and securing this along its flange edges to the tube walls by welding as indicated at 23. In the flat top wall of the channel member 21' is a centrally located and longitudinally extended row of spaced ports 32'. The fuel mixture supplied from the tube Iato the duct 26 burns on discharge from the latter through the Ports 32'.

In Fig. 5, I have shown another modified or alternative form or burner tube or manifold. That, also, is applicable to air and gas supply means of that kind shown in Fig. 1. In this particular construction. an inverted channel iron member 21a is applied in direct contact along and against the top side of the tubular manifold Ia, with the top wall of the channel member engaging tightly against the tube wall instead of being spaced therefrom as in the burners of Figs. 3 and 4, and the flanges of this channel member are welded as at 28a to the sides of the tube wall.

A row of spaced ports 32:: are directed downwardly through the central, contacting portions of the channel member 21a and tube wall into the tube. Overlying the member 21a, lengthwise thereof, is a plate 31:1: and formed therewith on its under side and along the longitudinal edges thereof are two transversely channeled ribs or flanges -40 and between the ribs is a longitudinal duct M. The fuel mixture supplied by manifold la is admitted into this duct 4| through the ports 32m and is discharged laterally from the duct, in opposite directions, through the channels 42 formed in the ribs ill-40 and will burn in ribbonlike flames along the opposite sides of the burner tube.

The various modified forms of burner tubes are designed for use with the same fuel and air Supply parts as shown in Fig. l, and it is understood that the character of the flame may be changed or determined by the adjustment of the cap I!) and the needle valve 22.

Referring now to the adaptation of burners of these types to means for a forced delivery of primary air, or of forced delivery of primary and secondary air, and for automatic control as exemplified in the showing of Figs. 6 and 7 which illustrate a dual burner installation and assuming that any one of the previously described burner tube structures might be employed: Provision is made for supplying primary air at atmospheric pressure for low burning flame. Also there is provision for supplying primary air under pressure for high or maximum burning by a fan blower of conventional design, arranged to be driven by an electric motor 5| The discharge neck 50 of the blower housing connects with a header 52 that is equipped at its opposite ends with tubular outlets 53 for supplying the two burners. Each outlet 53 is telescoped into a tubular neck 54 extended coaxially from the outer side of the air control cap III of one of the burners and is in open communication through the cap opening l3 with the fitting l with which the burner tube is connected as has been shown best in Fig. 6. Thus, through this connection, air under pressure from the blower will be delivered to the burner and a definite pressure can be maintained by adjustment of the cap III to a more or less open position over the opening 8, allowing escape of excess air.

With the arrangement of Fig. 6, gas is supplied from a source designated in Figs. 6 and 'l as a pipe 66 in which a shut off valve BI is placed. The pipe connects through a solenoid actuated valve 62, later to be described in detail, with a. pipe 15' that connects through the top of the housing l6, previously described with chamber l8. Also, there is a by-pass pipe connection between the supply pipe 60 and the pipe IS, in which connection a solenoid valve 65 is installed and leading from the pipe 85, between its connection with pipe 60 and the valve 56 is a small supply pipe 61 extended to a pilot burner 68 that is a!- fixed to the burner manifold in position for igniting the fuel when it is dischar ed from the burner outlets. The solenoid valve 62 operates under control of a thermostat 69. diagrammatically shown in Figs. 6 and 11.

The wiring diagram that has been shown in connection with Fig. 6 indicates that electric current is supplied from lines Ill and II to a relay switch I2 from which circuit lines 13 and 14 lead to the solenoid valve 65 and other lines 15 and I6 lead from the wires 13 and 14, respectively, to the electric motor 5| which drives the blower 50. The thermostat 69 is connected in series in the circuit line 15 and it has circuit connections with the solenoid for actuating valve 52 in a manner whereby closing and opening of the circuit to the electric motor through the thermostatic means provided simultaneously energizes and deepergizes the solenoid valve to open or to close it. The relay switch 12 is under control of a conventional type of thermo-couple 11, located adjacent the pilot burner 68, connected to the switch 12 by means designated at 18. This thermo-couple is affected by heat from the pilot burner to so control the switch 72 as to cause it to maintain closed circuit connections with the lines 13 and H so long as the pilot is burning. Should the pilot light go out, then the valves 52 and 66 will both be deenergized and gas flow to the burner will be shut off. Gas may be manually out off from the burner by closing valve 6|.

Fig. 8 of the drawings shows the solenoid valve 52 to comprise a valve member adapted to the valve passage 86 and connected to the lower end of the solenoid core 81. The solenoid coil 88, when energized, lifts the valve 85 and gas flows through passage 86 to the burner.

It is desirable to retard the closing action of the valve upon deenergizing the motor circuit in view of the fact that the blower will coast for some time after its motor circuit is opened, and this is apt to result in blowing out a low burning or minimum flame which would become quite low upon shutting off the gas valve 62 and supplied only through valve 56.

One means for retarding the gas shut off by the valve 62, as shown in Fig. 8, composes an air dash pot cylinder 90 communicating with the valve housing, in which cylinder a hollow piston 9| is contained. Extending down from the valve member 85 into the hollow piston is a stem 93- Which, at its lower end, has ball valve member 94 fixed thereto and this is adapted on closing movement of the valve member, to seat over a port 95 in the base of the hollow piston. When the valve member lifts, the ball uncovers the port 95 and also acts as a means for drawing the piston upwardly in the cylinder. Ports 91 in the top wall of the hollow piston then permit ready fiow of gas to the under side of the piston, however, with a closing action of the valve member 85, the movement is retarded due to the covering of the gas escape port 95 of the piston by the ball valve.

It will be understood, therefore, that when the thermostat operates to open the motor circuit and deenergize the valve 62, the fan blower coasts to a stop and the closing action of valve 52 is so retarded that some gas is admitted to the burner through valve 62 as long as required to insure against possible blow-out of the flame, and to allow the burner to maintain low flame at atmospheric pressure.

When the blower is not in operation, and no gas is being furnished through the valve 52, gas for low flame burning is furnished to the burner through the pipe connection 65 and solenoid valve 66; it being understood that solenoid valve 66 is open so long as current is supplied through the relay switch 12 to energize the solenoid. A regulating valve 98 is interposed on pipe 65 to control rate of flow of gas for low flame burning.

In installations, spaces or ovens that are not equipped for admittance of secondary air, it is intended to apply the burner construction shown in Fig. 9. In this arrangement I employ a burner tube which, for example, might be like that of Fig. 3. With this tube there is associated an air supply manifold N10. The manifold HID is supported upon a channel member 3111 that is fixed thereto as the channel 21 is fixed to tube I, and is co-extensive therewith, and air ports It'll are drilled through the base of channel 311! and into the manifold Hill to supply secondary air to the corrugations of plate 35 for supplementing the full mixture from pipe I. The manifold I is supplied with air by a connection I with the blower manifold 52.

The automatic control feature of this system shown in Fig. 9 is similar to that of Fig. 6, but eliminates the solenoid valve 65 from pipe connections 65 and places there a hand adjusted valve 66st and a solenoid valve 6L7: is located in the supply pipe fill to shut on gas flowing to the system should the pilot flame go out.

In Figs. 7 and 12 I have illustrated the present invention in a dual burner assembly in which two parallel burner tubes are supplied with gas and forced air supply from sources common to both. However, single or multiple burners might be so employed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In Figs. 11 and 12, the installation shows the baking oven llll containing the burner tubes in the lower part thereof and below a shelf supporting reel Ill. The thermostat 69 and switch 12 are supported from a wall of the oven. Both burner tubes are served by the same pilot burner 68.

With burners so constructed and installed, low burning flame may be used with air at atmospheric pressure, or by use of the blower, high flame is provided. The automatic features of control make possible the safe use and insure against blow out or lift of the flame.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by LGiZtETS Patent is:

l. A gas burner comprising an elongated burner tube, closed at one end and adapted to be supplied through its other end with a gaseous fuel mixture, under pressure; a closed distributing duct formed along the top side of the tube and there being a succession of ports opening from the tube into the duct at intervals therealong to supply fuel thereinto; said duct having a horizontal top wall and there being a row of closely placed fuel discharge ports from the duct centrally of said wall and throughout its length and a cover plate overlying the tube and ports therein and defining a succession of laterally opening fuel channels that are supplied with fuel from said ports.

2. A gas burner comprising an elongated burner tube, closed at one end and adapted to be supplied at its other end with a gaseous fuel mixture under pressure; said tube having a fuel distributing duct formed along the top side thereof and a succession of ports opening from the tube into the duct throughout its length; said duct having a horizontal top wall and there being a central, longitudinal fuel distribution channel formed in the top surface of said wall, and there being ports opening from the duct into said channel at spaced intervals therealong, a cover plate overlying the said top wall of the duct in spaced relationship thereto, and means interposed between the plate and top wall defining a succession of laterally opening fuel channels communicating at their inner ends with said wall channel.

3. A gas burner comprising an elongated burner tube, closed at one end and adapted to be supplied at its other end with a gaseous fuel mixture under pressure; said tube having a fuel distributing duct formed along the top side thereof and a succession of ports opening from the tube into the duct throughout its length; said duct having a horizontal top wall and there being a central, longitudinal fuel distribution channel formed in the top surface of said wall, and there being ports opening from the duct into said channel at spaced intervals therealong, a transversely corrugated strip of sheet material disposed flatly on said horizontal wall having all those channels between corrugations at its under side in communication with the wall channel and open at their outer ends to the opposite sides of the burner tube, and means securing said plate in place on the burner tube.

4. A gas burner comprising an elongated burner tube, closed at one end and adapted to be supplied at its other end with a gaseous fuel mixture under pressure; said tube having a fuel distributing duct formed along the top side thereof and a succession of ports opening from the tube into the duct throughout its length; said duct having a horizontal top wall and there being a central, longitudinal fuel distribution channel formed in the top surface of said wall, and there being ports opening from the duct into said channel at spaced intervals therealong, a cover plate overlying the said top wall of the duct in spaced relationship thereto and a transversely corrugated sheet metal plate interposed between the top wall of the duct and the cover plate providing laterally opening fuel discharge channels along opposite sides of the burner tube.

5. A gas burner comprising an elongated burner tube, an overlying gas distribution tube supplying fuel to a succession of flame jets therealong and there being openings from the burner tube into the said distribution tube; said burner tube having an open end, a valve cap adjustably applied to said open end, to control admittance of atmospheric air to the tube, a gas supply means extended into the burner tube near its open end and having a discharge orifice therein directed toward the opposite end of the tube, blower means for supplying primary air under pressure to the burner and having communication with the burner tube at its open end; said valve plate being adjustable to control the intake of atmospheric air to the burner when the blower is not in operation, and adjustable to regulate the escape of excess primary air when the blower means is in operation.

6. A gas burner as recited in claim 1 having a gas supply means that is adjustable to admit gas to the burner in different amounts for a low or for a high burning flame, and having an air inlet port for admission of atmospheric air for low burning flame, and means for increasing the pressure of air immediately about said inlet port to supply additional air for high flame burning.

7. A gas burner as recited in claim 1 having gas supply means and having an air inlet for admittance of air for low burning flame, means for increasing air pressure immediately about the air inlet port, means for supplying additional gas for high burning flame and a control means common to both.

LOUIS D. HOULIS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 507,748 Page Oct. 31, 1893 Number Number 387,87 1

Name Date Leigh et al. Mar. 17, 1914 Eddison Aug. 28, 1923 Terry June 7, 1927 Ensign Sept. 20, 1932 Campbell et al. Oct. 18, 1932 Paulucci Apr. 17, 1934 Irwin June 5, 1934 Smith Oct. 1, 1935 McKee July 4, 1939 Armstrong July 18, 1944 Lange Feb. 6, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Feb. 16, 1933

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