US249408A - Electrical lamp - Google Patents

Description

(No Model!) 2 Sheets- Sheet 1. H'. B. SHERIDAN.

ELECTRICAL LAMP. v

' Patented Nov. 8,1881.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. B. SHERIDAN.

- ELECTRICAL LAMP.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFrcE.

HENRY B. SHERIDAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ELECTRICAL LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,408, dated November 8, 1881.

ApplieatiOD filed June 30, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. SHERIDAN, of Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electrical Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a sectional side elevation of myimprovement, taken through the line w m, Fig. 6. Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is a sectional end elevation of the upper part of the same, taken through the line y y, Fig. 5. Fig. 3, Sheet 1, is an end elevation of one of the coils. Fig. 4, Sheet 1, is a plan view of the holder for the upper carbon. Fig. 5, Sheet 2, is a sectional side elevation of the upper part of the improvement enlarged. Fig. 6, Sheet 2, is a sectional plan view of the same, taken through the line zz, Fig. 5.

Similar letters of'ret'erence indicate corresponding parts.

The object of this invention is to prevent the light of an electrical lamp from changing its place or intensity.

The invention consists in the two magnetcoils placed in line with each other horizontally, and provided with a single solid core working in the centers of both coils; also, in the combination, with the core workingin the two coils and the carbon-holders, of the angled lever provided with the projecting arm carrying a plate, the lever provided with a pawl, having a different pivoting-point from the first lever and connected with the said first lever adjustably,the spring, the three-part cone-pulwiresleadin g to the binding-posts,whereby the cessation of a current through the low-resist ance coil will cause the closing of a direct circuit through the said binding-posts; also, in

the combination, with the globe-plate, of the tube having a contracted upper end, whereby the negative carbon is guided and kept vertical; also, in the carbon-holderconstructed of ajsplit tube provided with a set-screw, and havin g a perforated guide-plate attached to its upper end, whereby the carbon will be securely suspended and can be readily attached and detached; and, also, in the combination, with the open outer ends of the magnet -coils, of the valve-plates, whereby the movement of the sliding core will be retarded, as will be hereinafter fully described.

In the drawings, A represents the cover or case that incloses the feeding mechanism, and which is attached to a plate, B.

To the plate B is also attached the ends of an arched or U-shaped baror frame, 0, to the upper parts of the arms of which are secured the two magnet-coils D E. The coils D E are unequal in resistance, and are placed opposite to or in line with each other horizontally and at a little distance apart.

To the middle part of the base-plate B are attached the lower ends of two standards, F, or the middle part of a U-bar, the arms of which form two parallel standards, F.

To the upper ends of the standards F is attached a stationary shaft, Gr, upon which revolves the cone-pulley H. The cone-pulley H is made in three parts or sections, 1 2 3. To the smallest part, 1, is attached andupon it is wound a chain, 1, which passes over a guidepulley, J, pivoted to the plate B, through the hollow arm or tube K, that supports the lower carbon, around the guide-pulley L, pivoted to the lower end of the said hollow arm K, through the hollow arm M of the globe-plate N, over a guide-pulley, O, pivoted to the inner end of the said hollow arm M, down through the tube P, and is attached to the pipe Q. The pipe Q is providedat its top with a holder, R, for the lower or negative carbon, S, which is socured in the said holder by a set-screw or other suitable means.

To the globe-plate N is attached the lower end of the tube 2, which is made of such a size that the carbon-holder R can move up and down within it, and is tapered at its upper end to receive and fit upon the carbon S, and

thus keep the said carbon always vertical and in line with the carbon S.

The lower end of the pipe Q is connected 'with the conduction wire or cable T, which passes up through the tube P, through the hollow arm M of the globe-plate N, through place by a set-screw or other suitable means.

The carbon-holder R is made in the form of a split tube, and the top plate of the said carbon-holder R projects upon the sides of the said holder, and has holes formed through its projecting ends to receive the guide-rods X, upon which the said holder lt slides up and down as the chain V is wound upon and unwound from the part 2 of the cone-pulley H. The upper ends of the guide-rods X are screwed into screw-holes in the base-plate B, or are otherwise secured to the said plate. The lower ends of the guide-rods X are connected by a plate, Y, attached to them, and which has a hole formed through it to receive and serve as a guide to the carbon S, so that the positive carbon S will always be held exactly in line with the negative carbon S.

To the holderR is attached the end of a conduction wire or cable, Z, the other end of which is connected with the end of the lowresistance coil D. \Vith the other end of the coil D is connected the end of a conduction wire or cable, a, the other end of which is attached to the positive binding-post U. With the conduction-wire a is connected a branch conductor-wire, b, the other end of which is connected with the high resistance coil E. \Vithin the other end of the coil E is connected the end of a conduction-wire, c, the other end of which is connected with the negative binding-post U. \Vith this construction the highresistance coil E is always in the line-circuit but the coil D is in the line-circuit only when a connection is made through the carbons S S.

To the shaft G, at the side of the largest part 3 of the cone-pulley H, is pivoted at its angle a right-angled bar or lever, d, the upper end of which is pivoted to the center of the magnet-core e, the end parts of which slide in the magnet-coils D E.

Upon the middle part of the upright arm of the lever cl, at the side opposite the horizontal arm of the said lever, is formed a horizontal arm, f, to the outer end of which is secured, by a screw, g, an upright bar or plate, h. The plate It is slotted vertically to receive the screw 9, so that the said plate can be moved up and down as may be required. The lower end of the plate It rests upon'a spring, z, the inner end of which rests upon the face of the part 3 of the cone-pulley H. The part 3 of the conepulley H is made a little larger than the part 2, and has its face provided with small teeth, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The outer or lower end of the spring '5 is secured to the lower part of a standard,j, the lower end of which is secured to the base-plate B. The standard j is made with an oEset in its middle part, and has a screw-hole formed through the said offset to receive the hand-screw k, which passes up through a hole in the base-plate B.

To the upper end of the screw is swiveled a block, l, the inner edge of which rests against the outer side of the spring '2 so that the tension of the said spring 17 can be regulated by turning the said screw k. The outer edge of the block 1 is notched. to receive the upper part of the standard j, to prevent the said block from being turned by turning the screw 7;. I

To the outer end of the horizontal arm of the angled lever d is attached a downwardlyprojecting non-conducting bar, m, which has a small copper plate, 12, attached to its lower end.

Directly opposite and at a little distance from the copper plate n is placed a corresponding copper plate, 0, which is attached to the upper end of the non-conducting standard 1). The lower end of the standard 1) is secured to the base-plate B.

To the copper plates on 0 are attached the ends of the conduction-wires q 1'. The other end of the wire (1 is secured to the negative binding-post U, or to the wire T, leading to the said post U. The other end of the wire 7' is secured to the positive bin din g-post U, or to the wire a, leading to the said post U. \Vith this construction, when the bar m moves downward and brings the copper plate a in contact with the copper plate 0 a direct connection will be formed between the binding posts U U, and consequently with the line-circuit.

To the outer part of the horizontal arm of the angled lever d is attached the upper end of a spiral spring, 8, the lower end of which is attached to the upper end of the screw t. The screw t passes through the base-plate B, and has a hand-nut, u, screwed upon it below the said plate B, to lock the said screw securely in any position into which it may be adjusted to give any desired tension to the spring To an arm, 21, attached to or formed upon the upper part of the standard F, is pivoted a lever, 10, which has a cross-slot in its forward arm to receive the shaft G and allow the said lever to move upon its pivot.

- To the end of the forward arm of the lever 10 is pivoted apawl, m,which restsupon and e11- gages with the teeth of the part 3 of the conepulley H. The other or rear arm of the lever to is connected with the horizontal arm of the angled lever d by ascrew, g, which passes through a slot in the said lever wand screwsinto ahole in the said lever (1. Several holes are formed in the arm of the lever d to receive the screw y, so that the point of connection between the levers w d can be adjusted at a greater or less distance from the pivoting-point of the said lever d, as may be required.

Fig. 1 shows the positions of the various parts when the lamp is burning, an electric current passing from the positive binding-postU along the wire a, through the low-resistance coil D, along the wire Z, through the carbons S S, along the wire T, to the negative binding-post U, and on through the line-circuit. At the 5 same time a branch or second current passes from the positive binding-post U, along the wire I), through the high-resistance coil E, along the wire 0, to the negative binding-post U, and on through the line-circuit. The paso sage of the currents through the carbons brings the adjacent points of the saidcarbons to a glow heat, and at the same time the low-resistance coil D attracts the core and causes the said core to move farther into the coil D.

1 The forward movement of the coree moves the lever 01 forward and presses the plate It down upon the spring i, and the spring 1'. down upon the part 3 of the cone-pulley H, turning the said cone-pulley forward or in the direction of arrow 1. The forward movement of the conepnlley H causes the chain V, on the part 2 of the said cone-pulley H, to be wound up, slightly raising the positive carbon S. The same movement of the cone-pulley H nnwinds the chain 2 5 I from the part 1 of the said cone-pulley H and lowers the negative carbon S. This separation of the carbons in connection with the passing electrical current produces the phenomenon known as the voltaic are. The lamp 0 will continue to burn with the various parts in the position described until the carbons S S become so much separated by combustion that the electrical current through the coil D becomes weaker than the electrical current through the 5 coil E. When this occurs the coil E becomes the stronger and attracts the core 6, causing the said core 0 to move out of the coil D and into the coil E, and moving'the lever d in the same direction. This movement of the lever 01 4o raises the plate h from the spring'i and moves the lever to in the same direction, the pawl 00 engaging with a tooth of the part 3 of the conepulley H and turning the said cone-pulley in the direction of arrow 2, lowering the positive 5 carbon S and raising the carbon S. On account of the levers d to having different fulcrums while being connected together, the pawl 00 will travel faster and farther than the holding-plate h, and the cone-pulleyHwill make its movement before being fully released from the spring i. As the current is restored to the coil D by the approach of the carbons S S the core 0 is again moved forward and the plate his again pressed down upon the spring '6, separating the carbons S S to the proper distance to produce the arc. These various movements occur so nearly simultaneously and continuously that there is no. perceptible change in the location or intensity of the light until the carbon-holder R touches the plate Y, attached to the lower ends of the rods X, and the carbons are so far separated by combustion as to break the circuit through them. The coil E now attracts the core 6 and moves the levers d w,but cannot restore the circuit through the .coil D, as the carbon S cannot move any farther downward, so that the cores will pass so far into the coil E that the movement of the lever (I will bring the copper plate a in contact with the copper plate 0, so that the electrical current will pass through the wires 1 q and on through the line-circuit. By this arrangement one lamp in a series can go out without in any way affecting the burning ofthe other lamps in the said series.

The outer end of each of the coils D E is closed with a vibrating plate, 4, whereby the sliding core 0 is retarded by the partial compression of air in one coil and the partial vacnum formed in the other, so that a too-rapid movement of the said core is prevented. The vibrating plates 4 also serve to keep dust out of the interior of the coils.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In an electrical lamp, the combination, with the core 0, working in the two coils D E, and the carbon-holders It It, of the lever d, provided with the arm f and plate It, the lever w, provided with the pawl 00, having a different pivoting-point from the lever d, and connected with the said lever d .adjustably, the spring 11, the three-part cone-pulley H, and the chains I V, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the points of the carbons are kept in the same position automatically, as set forth.

2. In an electrical lamp, the combination, with the base-plate B and the springi, of the post j, having offset, and the screw is, carrying sliding block I, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the tension of the said spring. can be regulated, asset forth.

3. In an electrical lamp, the combination, with the lever d, operated by the magnet-core e, and the base-plate B, of the non-conducting hanger m, having copper plate a, the nonconducting standard 19, having copper plate 0, and the conduction-wires r q, leading to the binding-posts U U, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the cessation of a current through the stronger coil will cause the opening of a direct circuit through the said binding-posts, as set forth.

4. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the carbon-holder It, having perforated guide-plate, guide-rods w 00, attached to plate Y, and carbon S, of the carbon S, holder R, pipe Q, wire T, contact-plates n 0, and wires q 1, whereby the abnormal separation of car bons S S operates to form a short circuit be tween the binding-posts of the line-wires,substantially as shown and described.

5. In an electrical lamp, the combination, with the open outer ends of the magnet-coils, of the vibrating plates 4, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the sliding core is retarded, as set forth.

HENRY B. SHERIDAN.

Witnesses:

JAMES T. GRAHAM, O. SEDewIoK.

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