US2489453A

US2489453A - Grinding machine

Info

Publication number: US2489453A
Application number: US766052A
Authority: US
Inventors: Fouquet Eugene
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-11-16
Filing date: 1947-08-04
Publication date: 1949-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 1966-11-29

Description

Nov. 29, 1949 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINE 1o sheets-sheet 1 Original Filed NOV. 24, 1941 u r W R e V5. h I

- Nov. 29, 1949 Original Fileql Nov. 24, 1941 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 47 as as I I van-for E, FE

Nov. 29, 1949 E. FOUQUET 2,489,453

GRINDING MACHINE -bmi E. FOUQUET 2,489,453

GRINDING MACHINE Nov. 29, 1949 Original Filed Nov. 24, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 E. FOUQUET Nov. 29, 1949 GRINDING MACHINE l0 Shets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Nov. 24, 1941 V I x I I l I 7 Van for fiffome Nov. 29,. 1949 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 Original Filed Nov. 24, 1941 mmm n l venfbk Nov. 29, 1949 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINE l0 Sheets-Sheet 7 Original Filed Nov. 24, 1941 ll. llllllll ll Zia 15 ro'uyuaf Nov. 29, 1949 E. FOUQUET 2,439,453

I GRINDING MACHINE Original Filed NOV. 24, 1941 lo Sheets-Sheet 9 COO... C O... .IT. lIIIIIIll!Il/lIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIllIlIl/IIIIIIIIIII Nov. 29, 1949 I Original Filed Nov. 24, 1941 Z \j&

E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 Patented Nov. 29, 1949 UNITED STATES GRINDING MACHINE Eugene :Fouquet, Boise CbIomhes; France; vested in the Attorney General ofiithe United States Substituted November '24; 1941;

for application. Serial No. 420,313, This application August 4,

1947, Serial-Nin- 766Q52 InF-rance November Section.1,.l?.ublic-Uaw 690, August 8, 1946/ Patent'expires November 16,1959? Claims- (015514-45) and surfacing by means of'thin grinders=assem-- 5' bled-on a same hub.

This machine, designed for permittinga-very" rapid rotation ofthe'grinders, comprisesa mul tiple grinder carrying member fitted with a'sli'de capable of eiiecting, very rapid reciprocating'motion, and'further jobcarrying table which may be driven, onone: hand; transversely to the machine-axis, in averyfast reciprocating motion, andj-on theother-hand; in a more or less fast reciprocating vertical motion according to the nature of the work to be carried out.

The advantage of'the' highspeed of the recip-- rocating motions of both theslide and the job carrying table, of the order of at least 1' metres per second, consists in particular in the fact that the-place of worker; the job moves very quioklmx thus facilitating the elimination of the :heat gene erated by theworkcf the grinder...

The. grinder. carrying member Comprises e125 number of. parts adapted to receive :theigrinderss andto cause them tolrotatevat difi'erent speeds; In principle, besides, it will be advantageous toa transfer. from one. grinder. carrying. spindle.- to the other the same grindervwhen its. diameter has; changed under the effect of its wear. Thus, one: may first placeon a so-called primaryaspindle-sae grinderwith a largediameter. When this grind-' er: has been partially worn out, it will-b rtrans ferred to a so-called secondary spindle rotatingj with a speed adapted .to its new diameter; Then grinder may finally be transferred to a spindle rotating at a very high speed;

One spindle at least is mounted on an arm capable of being rotatedwith respect to the slide of the grinder carrier While takingpart in the. reciprocating motion of the slide, and this for. bringing said spindle into the suitable position; for the work of the grinder placeduponitl' In order to permit very rapid displacements of the table in its reciprocating motion, the latter is supported on its frame by ball bearings of a special design described'below.

The working speed of the machine, especially in scraping out jobs, is such that it-necess'itates a device permitting to fix in advance the-depth of the work to be performed by the grinder and' to stop the'machine or to reverse its-movement when the desired cut isobtai-ned; The move sufficiently fast; thuscausingthe risk-of: over running the'desired-depth, or stopping the ma'e chine too earl-yin the absence of an automatic stoppi-r'rgdevice;

Various" other auxiliary devices are providedr. such as an indicatorof theamountrof wear, permitting to account, at any moment, for the wear of-the-grinder; an auxiliary grinding devicevpermittingto round off the main grinder-beforecom along he-'machine-axis; 8* 1' mencingworh, or to-mo'diiy its-diameter; in the course of work, or further; in "the ease of multipl'es grinders; to maintain-them-all at-the "same diameter by causing the auxiliary grinder to actupon: thosewhich are less worn out, in order toreduce their diameter to the size ofthe smaller ones? a' periscope for supervising the-work; and a dc vice allowing to effect with thesame-ma-chinm surfacing jobs by means-"oi inclined crossed lines.

Otherfeatures" of: the present inventiornwill appear fromthe following specification relating:

toan. embodiment chosen by" way of'- example; with reference to. the-joined drawings; in which: Figure .lis a frontelevationof'a machine fitted with an auxiliary spindle rotating-atdnighspeetliv Figure 2'is'a sideelevationwith'a' simple spin dle'.v and large diameter grinder in work position" on the. primary, spindle;

Figure-'3" is a sectional elevationashowing the" .general drive of the machine, passing through" the axis of 'theprir'nary spindle and'then through the .table axis. Thelower part of the secondary. grinder carrier is shown in work position witli itsrfeeler and 'periscope in dotted line-s.

Figure 4 is a general front .view of the machine.

with section through the secondary spindle and";

the longitudinal axis of thet'able and gearbox.

Figu e. 5' is. ansoutside. view at a largersca-leof" tliegrinder. case, with the dials. of the control.

apparatusand of the wear indicator, the auxila 40 iary grinder and. the periscope being also shown- Figure. 5 shows. the. same device, partially, .insection, with the. lid of the transmission members..- removed.

Figure? is a partial transversesection'oi Fig?" 4 V ure. 6 through the axis-of the latter andthe'm through the grinder axis.

Figure .8 is==a partial section .of Figuresfi.

Figure 9-is-a section atalarger: scale ofthercontrol apparatus: Figures 10: and-1l showdetails ofthe-contact control of Figure 9i.

Ei'gure: 1211s a diagram illustrating'theprinciples ofi surfacing by multiple grinders operatingbs? ments of the operator are, indeed, generally not crossed lin and the machine'will now be described in succession.

Device for driving the grinders in rotation This device consists in an electric motor I acting, over a belt 20, on a multiple pulley 2I keyed to a socket 23 mounted, through bearings I06, Ii, in supports I04, I of a stool I03 fixed,

as explained further, to the frame I2 of themachine.

The motor I may be lifted or lowered with respect to the frame for correctly tightening the belt 28. For this, bearings II support a vertical screw I9 driven in rotation by a bevel gear I3, I4 cfrom a shaft I5 mounted in bearings I6, I8 and on which is keyed a control hand wheel I9.

The thread of screw I6 is in mesh with a nut 9 integral with pins I, 8 engaged in blocks 5, 6 arranged in slides 3, 4 integral with an oscillating support 2 on which is fixed .the motor I.

Thus, by acting upon the hand wheel I9, the screw I8 will be set in rotation, thus causing the nut 9, together with motor I, to rise or lower.

Grinder-carrying head This head, supporting the full cones adapted to receive the grinders, comprises (Figure 3) an axis 26 carrying at one of its ends the spindle 35, called the primar spindle, which is fitted with the-grinder when the latter has its largest diameter, and at the other end longitudinal grooves 25 cooperating with keys provided inside the socket 23- so that the shaft 26 may slide freely in this socket but is driven in rotation by the latter and therefore by motor I.

The shaft 26 is integral longitudinally with a cylinder or arm 46 in which it may rotate by means of ball bearings 28, 29, 30. On the shaft 26 is keyed, by means of a key 33, a helical gear 32 for settin the secondary spindle 31 (Figure 4) l in rotation over the wheel 36 keyed to this spindle. The spindle 31 rotates in .ball bearings 38., 39. The nut 4! maintains the cage 40 of bearing 39 against a shoulder 42, while cage 44 of bearing 38 and pinion 36 are blocked by nut 43. The whole is supported by a cage forming extension of arm 46. The arm 46 (Figure 3) is mountedrotatably in the slide 41 provided with ribs I4 and adapted for protecting the pulleys 2 I, 22 without being. disturbed in its movement by the latter.

The rotation of the cylindrical cage 46 is set up by the helical wheel 48 driven by the endless screw 69 keyed to shaft 50, the rotation of which is set up by a hand wheel 5I (Figure 4). A wedge brake 52 (Figure 3) permits to fix the arm 46 in any desired position. As seen, Figure 3 has been drawn for a certain position of the arm (with the secondar spindle 31 below the primar spindle 26), while Figure 4 shows another position (secondary spindle above the primary spindle) Figure '1 shows a third position and shows how a pulley 32I may be mounted at the end of spindle 3T'for driving, over a belt 322, a third spindle 323, or high speed spindle, rotating in the extension of the arm, forming a cage 45, and on which the grinder may be mounted after its diameter has decreased by its work on the primary spindle, followed by work on the secondary spindle.

The slide 41, carrying along with it the cagearm 46, 45, receives in the axial direction of the machine a very fast reciprocating motion in the following manner: An extension 93 of slide 41 is made, by means of a bolt, integral with the rod and to the cross member IIO by bolt III.

bolts I03, I03 (Figure 4).

80 of a piston I5 movable in a cylinder I6 fitted at both its ends with stuifing boxes 11, "I3 through which passes the rod 80 and its extension I9. Cylinder I6 is fixed to the stool I08 and this is fixed to the cradle 68 (Figure 4) by bolts I09, I09, The ends of the cross member are bolted to the sides 'Illl and I82 of the machine by bolts H2. The

cradle 68 itself is fixed to the sides It", I02 by The stool I08 is provided with a bore H3 through which passes a spindle H4 carrying a hand wheel H5 (Figure 2). The object of the latter is to give the stool the required resistance to the pull of the heavy belt 26. The bolts H9, H9 and I20, I20 (Figure 3) fix the whole to the support I2 I.

For determining the movements of piston I5 and therefore of slide 41, a hydraulic control of a known type is used, permitting to introduce a fluid under pressure alternatively in one or other chamber 8| and 83 while it is evacuated from the other chamber. This is obtained by means of a. distributor 88 supplied with fluid under pressure from a compressor 85 by the pipe 85 and distributing and evacuating it through the pipes 82 and 84 leading to the chambers 8I and 83. The distributor 88 is of the known type consisting in a chamber in which a rod 89 provided with suitable ports is moved at the ends of the stroke for reversing the fluid distribution. This movement is set up when the rod 89 strikes against the adjustable stops 89' and 90 carried along in the movements of the slide. The fluid returns to the compressor by pipe 92.

An adjustable valve 87 provided with a divided scale is inserted in the pipe 86 and permits to choke more or less the passage of liquid and thus to adjust the linear speed of the slide.

The reciprocating motion may also be obtained by hand. For this, a by-pass is used, controlled by a hand wheel 96 and permitting to connect chambers 8| and 83, and thus equalise the pressures on either side of piston I5. A hand wheel 91 will then permit to move the rack 98 moving the slide, while fluid passes from chamber 8I into chamber 83 over the by-pass 96, which is closed when it is desired to work with the hydraulic control.

'This hydraulic distribution thus permits to obtain a reciprocating motion of the slide 41 with variable speeds, and to adjust, .by means of the stops 89, 99, the stroke of the slide. If it is desired to work with a fixed grinder, without reciprocating movement, the fluid under pressure is sufficient for fixing the position of the grinder, when the valves 81 and 96 are closed.

blocked in its mounting I22 which is itself fixed to table I23 by bolts I24 and I25. Between the fitting I22 and table I23 is arranged the emptying channel I26.

The table I23 may be driven into two movements: a first very rapid reciprocating movement (of at least 1 metre per second) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the machine, and the other a vertical reciprocating motion for scraping out jobs. On Figure 3, the whole of the table has been shown in the lower position, and the upper part of the table has been shown also in the upper position, cooperating with the grinder 56 fixed to the secondary spindle.

The to and fro motion of table I23 perpendiculustrated in Figure 13 .showinggone-of these bear-- ings in plan view.

It is supposed. that at a certain moment themotion takes place in the. direction of arrow E. The balls B are arranged: .intwo; straightlines connectedby round parts at the ends of the lines. In the round parts, the ballsmove in open round channels C, C". In one line, the left line in Figure 13, the balls B are carriers and carry the loadof the job movingv in the. direction of arrow F; in the other line; the-rightone, the load doesinot rest onthe balls and these are, for instance,

simply contained ina tubeT. The. operation of, the device is as follows: the. loadlcauses the. balls Bv of the left line to move in the direction or: arrow F; they roll in this, channel and then pass into the tube T, into channel C and resume their: place with the carrying balls. When the job moves in the opposite direction, the motion oftheballs is, of course, also reversed.

Table I23 (Figure 3) carries at its lower part two bars I21, I28 inclined by 45 for instance. Opposite I28 is fixed another bar I29 comprising arolling path I30, inclined by 90 for instance. In the hollow prism thus. obtained are placed balls forming the carrying lineof the bearing, while the other line is on the left on the picture. Opposite bar I21 is another bar I31, subjected to the action of a spring I38 bearing against a fixed plate I39. The roller balls, the carrying line of which is inserted between bar I21 and bar I31, are here referred to as I36. A nut I 30 permits to block the spring I38.v

The table I23 itself rests on. the bars I29 and I31 by means of bearings. I4I, I45 made up in the same manner, with the difference that the noncarrying lines are arranged without friction in grooves, I43 for instance, drilled in the lower face of table I23, while .on the carrying balls, I4I on the left, for instance, the table rests by means of'a v shaped groove I42.

It will readily be seen how this arrangement permits to take up theslack of the whole device. By unscrewing the nuts I40, of which there are a great number arranged all along the table, the springs I38 will be set free. These springs press the balls l36 against bar I21, and, owing to the slope of. the latter,.the table I23 will thus be pulled. downward and bear upon the carrying balls MI. The same effect is set up on the bars I28.and I29. It is therefore simply necessary to retighten the nuts I40 and the table will be ready for a new operation.

One will now-examine-the manner in which is obtained .the to and fro motion of the table, and

this either by means of a hand wheel, by an electric motor or bya hydraulic motor.

The hydraulic drive, which is the usual, is efiected in a manner similar-to that for the to and fro motion of slide 41, described above. It comprises a cylinder I61 (Figure 4) in which is movable a piston I61a separating the two chambers I01 and IE8. The rods of this piston are connected by the extensions I611) to table I23. Chambers I61 andv I68 are alternately supplied with compressed fluid by a distributor I (Figure- 1) which may cooperate with the movable and adjustable stops HI and I12. The distributor I10 is connected on one hand to chambers I51 and .I68,.and, on theother hand, by two pipes,

toothecom-pressor 85, .one.of these pipes carrying frame. over pa-1'.

. type clutch wheel, the wheel push of the fluid and thus-the direction of motion of the table.

The displacement of table I23 by hand or: with. the electric motor is set up as follows:

A clutch wheel I50 (Figure l) of the dog. clutch is mounted on an endless screw I 5%.dr-iving the helically threaded nut I52, the. hub of which. is slidable on the fixed screw spindle I53 (Figures. 1 and 3). On the axis of wheel I55 is further.- freely rotatable the helical wheel-I55 meshing with the endless screw I53. keyed to'the shaft ,of. the electric motor. I55. It will be seen that when. the wheel Hi l is coupled to shaft I5! by meansof the clutch wheel, motor I55 will. drive the. screw I53, while, for the other position of the, I54- is. uncoupled. from. the shaft I5I and rotationof screw. I53..is seti' 'up by the hand wheel.

The rotation of screw I53 is transformed'into. a displacement of the carriage perpendicularly to the screw by the two half nuts I51"; I53. (ET ure 3) which may come to mesh with screw] I531. The movement of the half-nuts I51, I53ftowards; or away from one another is obtained by the. usual means of two pins 153,159" moving in two. helical ramps and'closing or opening the half, nuts according to the direction of rotation of a gear I55. The rotation of gear lfiilisiset upr-hyy pinion I52 meshing with pinion I53 keyed to a shaft I54 carrying the hand actuated flap I65. It will further be seen .thatthe actuation or hand wheel I55 causes the operation of'the by--pass=- valve I55 so as to connect withoneanother -the chambers I51 and I58 of the cylindenandiat the same time a-closing of the half nuts. I51} I58, with the result ofequalising 'the pressureim the cylinder and consequently permitting the: drive either by hand, throughthe'handlwheell' I5ii,-or by the electric motor I55; If, onth'etconttrary, the half rruts I51, I58 are opened by means: of the hand wheel I50, the communication: be; tween chambers I51 and 558 will be closedandx consequently conditions for. hydraulic drivexsett up. I

The parts will now be examined permitting the: upward movement of the table I23. This upwardi movement is obtained either with the. electric motor or by hand. I The frame supporting the table :I231may move: with respect to the fixed support of the. machine by means of a screw. 2I6' (cf.zin particulanFigure-a 4) fixed in the support and engaged by a;.nut:2 I 52: integral in height with the-table carryingframe. and driven in rotationby the helicalwheel=2ll4 actuated by the endless screw2l3? (Figure; 3:)? keyed to shaft 200. This shaft200 carries-a ber of stepped gears I95,v I; I91; I93: and I991. freely rotatable on the shaft but whichmay. be: coupled with it, each individually by 'meansaofl a key 20I arranged in a groove of shaft 200 andmounted at the end of a rod 202-sliding longi-- tudinally inside the shaft 200 and: integral With a grooved ring 203 driven bya fork 204==mountedi on a lever I92 pivoted to the axis 205. This-forks is actuatedby the bevel gear- 205-, ,231,,th e:-rotai-;-. tion of the axis 1 carrying-.1 the; conical wheel; .21); i

7 being determined by a selector lever (Figures 1 and 3) which may be set in a number of positions corresponding to various positions of key 28I and consequently to various speeds of shaft 288.

The gears I95, I96, I91, I98 and I99 are in mesh with gears I98, I9I, I92, I93 and I94 keyed to shaft I81 rotating in the case I88 and on which are freely rotatable two helical wheels IBI and I83 meshing respectively with the endless screws I82 and I84. The endless screw I84 is integral with a gear I85 driven from wheel I86 integral with the endless screw I82. The screw I82 lastly, is driven by the electric motor I 88 (Figure 1). It is clear that owing to this transmission, the two helical wheels I8I and I83 will rotate at different speeds. These wheels I8I and I83 may be alternately coupled to shaft I81 by the sliding key I86a integral with a ring I8I' driven by a fork mounted at the end of a lever, the angular displacement of which (Figure 4) is determined by the bevel gear 2| 8, 2| I, the wheel 2| I being driven by the selector lever 2I2 (Figures 3 and 4) which may be set into three diiierent positions, two of which correspond to the two different speeds given to the shaft I81 by the wheels I8I and I83 respectively, and the third, or neutral position, corresponds to the non-drive of shaft I81 by motor I88.

The manual drive is set up (Figure 3) by a hand wheel 2I8 keyed to shaft 2I9 and a driving pinion 228 in mesh with the gear 22I which is in turn in mesh with gear I92. One will thus have either a hand drive, provided, of course, that key 28I couples the shaft 288 with the gear I81.

Grinder-Device for the control of the machine- Wear indicator The grinder 56 (Figures 3, 6 and '7) is contained in a case 53 serving at the same time as a support for the wear indicator and for the device for control of the machine. The case 53 comprises a full extension 54 (Figures 6 and 7) fitting into a dovetailed groove 46a (Figure 3) of cage 45 of arm 46 for supporting the whole. On Figure '7, the spindle on which is engaged the grinder 56 is supposed to be ended by a cylindrical part 51 instead of a cone 31' as in Figure 4. With this difierence, the arrangements are exactly the same. The grinder 56 (Figure 7) is inserted between the flange 59 integral with the socket 58 coupled by a key to part 51 and flange 68 clamped by the spacing member BI and nut 62. The whole is stopped (Figure 8) by nut 63.

The device for automatically stopping the grinder will now be described, assuming the grinder 56 to be in the position shown on Figures 3, 6 and 7. The grinder is adapted to cut grooves 232, 232' (Figures 6 and '1) into the job 64 held, as already explained, on table I23 which, for this work, moves rapidly upwards.

According to the invention, a feeler 238 (Figure 6) is used, in contact with the bottom of the groove 232 and provided with a very hard lining 23I which thus remains tangent to the grinder periphery. The feeler 238, mounted with hard friction on shaft 234, normally forms one arm of a bent lever pivoted in 234 and the other arm of which carries a toothed sector 233 meshing with the gear 235 driving the rack 236 sliding in the groove 231. A part fixed to the rack 231 carries itself a small rack 238 meshing with pinion 239 which thus receives the angular displacements of feeler 238 (which are equal in amplitude to the wear of the grinder) and transmits theiii on one hand to the control device, and on the other to the wear indicator referred to as a whole as 248 and shown more in detail on Figure 7. It is seen that the axis 24I carrying pinion 239 also carries a gear 242 driving pinion 243 which, over wheel 244, drives pinion 245 out in the socket 248 to which is keyed a needle 241, while another needle 248 is keyed directly to shaft 24L The needle 248 (see Figure 5) reads hundredths of millimetres inscribed on the dial 258, and needle 241 indicates full millimetres carried by dial 25I. It is clear, without further explanations, that the displacements of needles 241 and 248 measure the amount by which the feeler 238 has pivoted about the axis 234 or, more exactly, the amount by which the working point of the grinder is being raised with increasing wear of the grinder, said rise comprising the upward motion of the job plus the wear of the grinder.

The control device will now be described, permitting to determine in advance the depth of the groove in order to stop the machine when the required depth is attained. A feel-er 256 (Figure 6) rests against a bar 251, the upward movement of which is integral with that of the table I23. The toothed hub of this feeler drives the rack 259 sliding in a groove 268 and carrying along with it, in its upward and downward movements, the gear 258 rolling on the rack 235 (driven, as explained, by the feeler 231). This gear 268' (Figure 9) with a shaft 262 which, over wheel 263 and gear 254, 265, drives the gear 266, 261 keyed to a full shaft 262. The gear 261 drives, over the gear 258, 269, the needle carrying socket 218 engaged on shaft 262'. This socket carries, over an insulating ring 213, needle 212, while shaft 262 carries, also over an insulating ring 215, the needle 214. These two needles (Figure 3), respectively indicating on a dial hundredths and full millimetres, are constantly connected electrically with one another by means of a spring blade 215 integral with the needle 214 and sliding over a conducting ring integral with the needle 212 (Figure 9).

The whole arrangement is enclosed in a case 211. In the case is also arranged a base plate 218v on which is mounted an insulating supporting disc 219, on the hub of which is freely rotatable a gear 288 carrying, on one side, an insulating ring 23! to which is fixed a conducting circle 282 in which is cut out a tongue 283 folded up and carrying a platinated contact piece over the dial (Figure 5) and with which may come into contact the needle 212. On a second insulating disc 281 is rotatable a gear 286 supporting, over an insulating ring 288, the conducting ring 298 in which is cut out the tongue 29I to which is riveted the platinum head contact piece 292 which may come into contact with the needle 214 (see also Figure 5). The scale division into hundredths of millimetres, seen in Figure 5, is carried by disc 281, while another disc 293 carries the full millimetre scale division.

The gears 288 and 288 may be rotated at will by means of the knobs 29 295 (Figure 5) keyed to shafts 296 (Figure 10) carrying gears 291 in mesh with said toothed rings. Blades or brushes 288, 289 (Figures 9 and 11) slide on the conducting rings 282 and 298 insulated from the case 211 and connect these rings, over a wire 388, to the source of current, and, by a wire 38I, to relays actuating electric distant control devices for reversing the current or stopping the machine.

It is clear that the rotations of gear 268', de-

is integral 284 protruding pending both upon theldisplacements of feeler 230 (through the mesh of this wheel with the ,rack235) and upon themovements of feeler 256 (by the rise of the shaft of this wheel under the quired depth, for stopping the machine and, if necessary,

lowering the table I23 at the required -moment, due to the contacts successively set up -between the needles "212, 214 and the correspond- :ing contact parts.

Device for rounding 017 and correcting the grinders The device adapted for rounding off the new grinders, i. e. giving them a first wear making ;,them perfectly round, or for maintaining all the grinders at the same diameter when a number ofthem are working together, consists (Figure 6) in an auxiliary grinding wheel 3G5 pivoted on a .shaft 3! fixed in a bracket 392 pivoted to the 1 pin 3%. The hub of the bracket carries a toothed :sector 3M meshing with screw 355 driven bythe The spring 301 constantly urges the ,auxiliary grinding wheel in the direction of push .so as to neutralise the various slacks. There is further provided (Figure 5) a dial 383 and a free needle 358 permittingthe operator to determine the position to be given to the auxiliary grinder 300 at the moment itcomes to act upon the grinder. The grinder 56 rotating at low speed, one will rotate slowly the knob 355 so :that the screw 3B5, acting upon sector 3114, applies the aux iliary grinder 300 against the periphery of grinder 56 which, by its rotation, carries the latter .round with it. It will be seen that the drive only .takes place upon contact, i. e. on the not round parts of the grinder. The pressure exerted by the auxiliary grinder 3 and its lines 3L0 will crush the support of the grinding particles and round off the grinder 56 or give its edge a required shape.

Periscope The machine is fitted (Figures and '7) with a periscope 320 provided with mirrors 32! and 322. The job 64, invisible inside its casings, may be followed, during work, in mirror 32I in which it forms an image. The job may also be illuminated by any suitable source of light.

Surfacing device The machine may be fitted (Figure 12) with a multiple grinder 325 for effecting surfacing jobs by means of crossed lines. For this, the job 326 will be fixed on the table I23 which is set into a rapid to and fro motion according to the arrows 32'! and 328, while the grinder carrier moves according to the arrows 332 and 333. Other sorts of perpendicular drives may of course be used instead of the bevel gear. The machining obtained in this manner shows crossed or sinusoidal lines, the slope of which depends on the speeds of table I23 and slide 41 respectively to one another. This method permits to obtain very plane surfaces, since correction of the grinder itself will be eflected over the whole surface of the job.

Operation The operation of the machine will be described by way of example in the case where the grinder is mounted on the secondary spindle, in the position shown in Figure 3, and where it is desired to cut into the job 6 grooves 232, 232' of a predetermined depth. The job is fixed to table I23. By means of the knobs 25 3 and 295, the operator sets the contacts 284 and 294 onto the desired scale divisions corresponding to the required depth of the grooves. Table I23 is then lifted by means of the hand wheel 218 until the job 64 reaches the grinder. The operator then lowers the feeler 256 mounted with hard friction on its axis, so that the needles 2M and 212 are in the zero position. He then places the bar 251 exactly in contact with the feeler 256, the bar being mounted on a not visible slide permitting to move it relatively to table I23 while coupling it to the table in vertical movement. The wear indicator has on the other hand been brought to zero by acting upon lever 3H (Figure'5), so that the rack 236 (Figure 6) strikes against the stop 3I2. By acting lastly on knob 3I3 (Figure 8), the rack 314 (Figure 6) is lifted, displacing the whole arrangement and bringing the feele'r 230 tangent with the grinder. The various motors are then started by actuating the contacts 3I6, 3I'I, 3I8, 3H9 and 320 (Figure 2). The grinder 56 is set in rotation, slide il takes a rapid to and fro motion, while motor I lifts the table I23 with the speed required for scraping out work.

As the work goes on and the grinder consequently penetrates into the job 64, the feeler 230, gradually lifted by the bottom of the groove according to the wear of the grinder, actuates the needles of the wearindicator over the rack 2'36. :feeler 255 acting upon the rack 259. This mo- .tion is transmitted to the needles 212 and 214- At the same time, the bar 25? lifts the over the rack 259 and wheel 266, the angle of rotation of 260' being decreased by an amount corresponding to the wear of the grinder due to the differential rolling of 265 on the rack 235.

As soon as the needles 212 and 2 come in touch with the contacts 284 and 292, i. e. when the grooves have attained the required depth, the machine is stopped. It is then merely necessary to reset the various apparatus to zero for effecting a new operation.

This application is a substitute application for abandoned application serial No. 420,313.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine of the type described, adapted for effecting various machining jobs by grinding, in combination, a multiple grinder carrier, a slide integral in translation movement with said grinder carrier, means for giving said slide a very rapid reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis of the machine, a job carrying table, means for giving said job carrying table a very rapid reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the machine, means for guiding the job carrying table in its transverse reciprocating motion, these last means comprising ball bearings consisting each of two rows of balls arranged in the direction of the transverse motion, and of two round rolls of balls running out into the ends of said two rows of balls, only one of which carries the load in order to set up, under the action of the motion, a circulation of the balls in a closed circuit, means for giving said job carrying table rising and lowering movements.

2. In a machine of the type described, adapted for effecting various machining jobs by grinding, in combination, a multiple grinder carrier, a slide directed downwardly, carrying table rising and lowering movements.

of the machine, means for guiding the job carrying table in its transverse reciprocating motion,

these last means comprising a number of ball bearings consisting each of two rows of balls arranged in the direction of the transverse motion, and of two round rows of balls running out into the ends of said two rows of balls, only one of which carries the load in order to set up, under the action of the motion, a circulation of the balls in a closed circuit, a device for taking up the slack, common to all the ball bearings, means for giving said job carrying table rising and lowering movements.

. 3. In a machine of the type described, adapted for efiecting various machining jobs by grinding, in combination, a multiple grinder carrier, a slide integral in translation movement with said grinder carrier, means for giving said slide a very rapid reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis of the machine, a job carrying table, means forgiving said job carrying table a very rapid reciprocating motion in the transverse direction of the machine, means for guiding the job carrying table in its transverse reciprocating motion, these last means comprising ball bearings consisting each of two rows of balls arranged in the direction of the transverse motion, and of two round rows of balls running out into the ends of .said two rows of balls, only one of which carries the load in order to set up, under the action of. the motion, a circulation of the balls in a closed circuit, bars integral with said job carrying table, with the plane of which they form a certain angle, these bars serving each as a rolling path for one row of balls, a device for taking up the slack,

common to all the ball bearings and exerting an action perpendicular to one row of balls so that h the latter exert upon said job carrying table,

through the means of one of said bars, a force means for giving said job 4. In a machine of the type described, adapted for effecting various machining jobs by grinding,

' in combination, a carrier, a slide integral in translation movement with said carrier, means for giving said slide a very rapid reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis of the machine, a shaft rotatively mounted in said carrier, along the longitudinal aXis of rotating said shaft, a first spindle integral with the machine, means for' one end of said shaft forreceiving a grinder, a second spindle also mounted in said carrier perpendicularly to said shaft for receiving a grinder, a gearing transmitting the rotation of said shaft to said second spindle, a job carrying table, means for giving said job carrying table a very rapid reciprocating movement in the transverse direction of the machine, and means for giving said job carrying table rising and lowering movements.

5. In a machine of the type described, adapted for effecting various machining jobs by grinding, in combination: a carrier, a slide integral in translation movement with said carrier, means for giving said slide a very rapid reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis of the machine, a shaft rotatively mounted in said carrier along the longitudinal axis of the machine, means for rotating said shaft, a first spindle integral with one end of said shaft for receiving a grinder, a casing rotatively mounted in said carrier coaxially to said shaft, a second spindle rotatively mounted in said casing perpendicularly to said shaft for receiving a grinder, a gearing transmitting the rotation of said shaft to said second spindle, a control device mounted in said carrier for controlling the angular position of said casing, a job carrying table, means for giving said job carrying table a very rapid reciprocating movement in the transverse direction of the machine, and means for giving said job carrying table rising and lowering movements.

EUGENE FOUQUET.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Niunber Name Date 7 820,801 Landis May 15, 1906 1,214,098 Wagner Jan. 30, 1917 1,664,823 Knowles Apr. 3, 1928 2,113,287 Baldenkofer Apr. 5, 1938 2,269,697 Silver Jan. 13, 1942 2,296,064 Silver Sept. 15, 1942 2,388,172 Michailoif Oct. 30, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 393,054 Germany Mar. 28, 1924 22,196 Great Britain Oct. 2, 1913 382,408 Great Britain Oct. 27, 1932 OTHER REFERENCES Ser. No. 420,313, Fouquet (A. P. 0.), published June 15, 1941.