US2127210A - Grinding and lapping machine - Google Patents

Description

Aug 16, 1938. H. w. DUNBAR 2,127,210

GRINDING AND LAPPING MAGH INE Filed July 31, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet l Haw/am] WEUNBHR Aug. 16, 1938. H. w. DUNBAR 2,127,210

GRINDING AND LAPPING' MACHINE Filed July 31, 1957 4'Sheets-Sheet 2 4 A AA Gum ,1

Aug. 16, 1938. H. w. DUNBAR GRINDING AND LAPPING MACHINE Filed July 31, 1937 4 Sheets- Sheet 3 Ha WFIRD W. DUNEHR Patented Aug. 16, 1938 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GRINDING AND LAPPING MACHINE Howard W. Dunbar, Worcester, Mass., assignor to Norton Company, Worcester, Mass., a. corporation of Massachusetts Application July 31, 1937, Serial No. 156,168

16 (Jlaims. (Cl. 51-95) This invention relates to grinding and lapping Figure 4 is a plan view, on an enlarged scale, machines and more particularly to a machine for of the lapping wheel slide having a cover removed successively grinding and lapping of cylindrical to show the wheel spindle reciprocating mechwork pieces. anism and the gear box cut away and shown in One object of this invention is to provide a section to more fully show the lapping wheel 5 simple thoroughly practical cylindrical grinddriving mechanism; and ing and lapping machine. .Another object is to Figure 5 is a sectional view taken approxi- Drovide an improved abrading machine for finmately on the line 5-5 of F gure ishing cylindrical work pieces by first grinding The improved combined cylindrical grinding 1 the work piece and then lapping it to the desired and lapping machine has been illustrated in the size and finish without removing it from the madrawings comprising a base III which supports a ch ne. A further object is to provide a cylongitudinally reciprocable work table II on a V- lindrical grinding and lapping machine in which way l2 and a flat way 13 formed on the base III.

a rotatable grinding wheel and a rotatable lap- The longitudinally movable work table II is proping wheel are successively fed into operative vided with a. rotatable work support comprising 1 engagement with the work to first grind and a headstock l4 and a rootstock-l5 which are then lap the same. Another object is to provide provided with a headstock center I 6 and a foota rotatable grinding wheel and a rotatable lapstock center ll respectively to rotatably support ping wheel on opposite sides of a work piece, each a cylindrical work piece I8 thereon.

30 of which is mounted on opposite ends of a carl riage which is moved to successively present the Work mtatmg mechanism grinding and lapping wheels to grind and then The headstock pp s a ot t b e dlap t work A further obje t, f this invenstock spindle l9 which carries a driving plate 20 tion is to provide a feeding mechanism for sucat its The driving Plate face Plate cessively feeding a rotatable grinding wheel and N 15 Provided With a driving D 2| W ich s 25 a rotatable lapping wheel to grind and then lap "ranged to engage e t er a projection on the a work piece. A further object is to provide a Work Piece a Work driving deg ped therehydraulic operated feeding mechanism to feed The headstock and rootstock 5 are prefthe wheels rapidly when out of contact with the erably on the k ta le II to facilitate sunwork and a feed regulator to produce a slow uni- Porting 811d lfltating Werk P eces of a desired 30 form feed during the grinding and lapping operlengthti The headstock spindle l9 may be driven by any oth objects will be in part obvious or in part suitable means, such asJor example,asillustrated pointed out h rein fter. an electric motor 25 mounted on top of the head- 5 The invention accordingly consists in the teastock frame- The meter 15 is p d with an tures of construction, combination of elements, armature Shaft 25 which ca ies a driving pulley and arrangements of parts as well as exemplified The driving P y is p e er b y of a in the structure to be hereiniter described and multiple V-grooved type whichis connected by the scope of the application of which will be a multiple V-belt 28 with a grooved pulley 29 40 indicated in the following claims. mounted on the outer end of the headstock 40 shIn the accgmpanying driabwings, in which is spindle |9 1 Own one 0 Various 18 emmments of To facilitate successively grinding and then eg fffi ii l gl fitiie zii ti fimbmd lapping piece without of same from the machine, it is desirable to provide cylindncal gnndmg and lappmg machine a work driving mechanism which is of a variable bod in this invention;

Figufe 2 is a vertical sectional view, on an enspeed type so that the work may be first rotated 'lar ed scale,-taken a roximatel on the line at a desired and predetermined speed a z z of Figure 1, r gm wheel and grinding operation and then readily changed to slide and lapping wheel and slide in elevation a FY0991 speed for lapping operationthe and the lower parts of the machine in sections; prefe red form, the electric motor {5 is of a vari- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken apl Speed tim which mayb Started d S p proximately on the line 3-3 of Figure 2 showing y means of a push button 30 and the spe of the work supporting table and the reciprocatwhich may be readily controlled by a rheostat ing mechanism therefor; 3|. The push button It and rheostat 3| have 55 I for grinding and lapping 'a relatively long piece' been illustrated as being mounted on the headstock of the machine.

Manual table traverse The work table ii is arranged so that it may be moved longitudinally to position a work piece relative to the wheels by means of a manually operable traverse mechanism, such as, is old and well-known in the art. A manually operable traverse wheel 32, is mounted on the Table reciprocating mechanism The improved machine is arranged so that it may be utilized either for a traverse grinding and lapping operation or for a plunge-cut operation in which a wide face wheel of a width substantially equal to or slightly greater than the length of the portion of the work to be ground and lapped. In a plunge-cut operation, the work table II is positioned manually to locate the work piece in the desired relation with the wheel or wheels but remains stationary during the grinding and lapping operations.

In a traverse grinding and lapping operation of cylindrical work, it is desirable to provide a table reciprocating mechanism for automatically reciprocating the table during the grinding and lapping operations. In the preferred form a fluid pressure operated table reciprocating mechanism is provided which for the sake of simplicity of illustration is substantially identical with that disclosed in the prior United States Patent No. 2,071,677 to W. H. Wood dated February 23, 1937 to which reference may be had for details of disclosure not found herein.

A fluid pressure cylinder 44 is supported at its opposite ends by brackets 4i and 42 respectively which are fixed to and depend from the underside of table II. A piston 43 is slidably mounted within the cylinder 44 and is connected by a double end piston rod 44' which extends in oppo-' site directions from the piston 43 and passes through the end caps or cylinder head at opposite ends of the cylinder and is fastened to brackets 45 which are fixed to andlocated at opposite ends of the base II respectively.

Fluid under pressure is pumped from a reservoir 40 within the base II by means of a motor driven fluid pump 41 which draws fluid through a pipe 40 and forces fluid under pressure through a pipe 49 to a control valve unit ll mounted within the base Id. The control valve unit comprises a reversing valve II and a speed control or throttle valve 52 which are identical with that shown in the U. 8. Patent No. 2,071,677 above referred to and to which reference may be had for further details of disclosure.-

The reversing valve II is controlled by a pivotally mounted reversing lever I! supported on a stud 86 on the base II. The reversing lever 55 is provided with an inwardly projecting pin 5 which is arranged in the path of adjustable table dogs 58 and 59 respectively which are arranged to actuate the reversing lever II and to thereby 'der 40.

reverse the direction of movement of the table II as desired.

"The reversing lever 55 is provided with an adjustably mounted arrow point 60 at its lower end which is arranged to engage a spring pressed arrow pointed plunger 6! contained within the casing 62. The reversing valve 5| is connected I as in the United States Patent No. 2,071,677 so that when the reversing lever 55 is moved by the dog 58 or the dog 59, the movement of the dog and table serves to shift the reversing valve to cut-off the flow of fluid to one of the cylinder chambers and fluid under pressure passing through the reversing valveserves to complete the reversal of the valve so as to change the direction of flow of fluid to and from the cylin- Fluid under pressure passing through the valve 50 passes either through a pipe 63 or a pipe 64 into a cylinder chamber 65 or a cylinder chamber '66 respectively. In the preferred form, the piston rod 44 is hollow and fluidpassing through the pipes 63 and 64, passes through the hollow piston rod 44 to the cylinder chambers 65 and 66 respectively. For further details of "construction' of the fluid pressure table actuated mechanism reference may be had to the above mentioned United States patent.

A pressure relief valve 61 isconnected with the pipe 49 by a pipe 68 (Fig. 3). The relief valve 6'! is preferably of the common well-known adjustable type which may be adjusted so that if the pressure within the fluid system exceeds a predetermined pressure, the valve opens and returns the excess fluid pressure into the reser-- voir 48.

Grinding and lapping wheels ing or abrasive wheel to a lapping speed. It has been found, however, that better results may be obtained both in the grinding operation and the lapping operation if separate abrasive wheel of the proper grit size and hardness is utilized for each operation. Therefore, to,attain the main object of this invention, it is desirable to provide two independently adjusted and controlled wheel slides, namely a grinding wheel slide and a lapping wheel slidewhich are preferably arranged so that they may be moved successively into operative engagement with the work piece.

In the preferred form, two independent rotatably mounted abrasive wheels, one being utilized as a grinding wheel and rotated at a normal grinding speed, and the other being utilized as a lapping wheel and rotated at a speed below the normal grinding speed which is suitable for a lapping operation, are so mounted that they may be moved successively into operative contact with the work piece to first grind the same and then to lap the surface to the desired finish and size.

In the preferred form the grinding wheel and and a flat way 12 and is arranged to move transversely relative to the work table II. The carriage 18 extends through an aperture 13 in the base I8 beneath the work table ways I2 and I3 and extends transversely on either side of the work table II.

Grinding wheel slide A grinding wheel slide 14 carrying a rotatable grinding wheel 15 on a rotatable wheel spindle 16 is supported on a V-way 11 and a flat way 18 formed on the carriage 18. The grinding wheel 15 may be driven by a suitable driving mechanism, such as, an electric motor 88 mounted on top of the wheel slide 14. The motor 88 carries a driving pulley 8| which is preferably of the multiple V-groove type. The pulley 8| is connected by a multiple V-belt 82 with a multiple V-groove pulley 83 mounted on the wheel spindle 16. The motor 88 may be controlled by a push button 84 mounted on the wheel base I8 and which serves to start and stop the grinding wheel motor 88 and to rotate the same at a normal speed for grinding operationn The wheel slide 14 is preferably arranged so that it may be adjusted longitudinally on the rotatably mounted feed screw 9|. The feed screw 9| is rotatably journaled in bearings within the carriage 18 and meshes with a half nut 92' depending from the wheel slide 14. A stop pawl 93 is pivotally mounted on a stud 94 on the transversely movable carriage .18 and is arranged to engage an abutment carried by a micrometer adjusting mechanism 95, to facilitate accurately adjusting the position of the grinding wheel in setting of the machine for a'given operation or to be utilized to compensate for wheel wear.

Lapping wheel slide A lapping wheel slide I88 is arranged to support a rotatable lapping wheel I8I which is supported on a wheel spindle I82, journaled within the slide I88. The lapping wheel slide I88 is arranged to be adjusted transversely relative to the work piece I8 on a V-way I83 and a flat way I84 formed on the transversely movable carriage 18.

The lapping wheel slide I88 is provided with a suitable driving mechanism which permits rotating the lapping wheel at a slow speed suitable for a lapping operation or which permits the wheel to be rotated at a relatively fast speed during a wheel truing operation. An electric motor I85 is mounted on top of the lapping wheel slide I88. The motor I85 is controlled by a push button I86 which permits the stopping and starting of the lapping wheel motor from the operators control station.

The electric motor I85 drives a gear mechanism contained within a casing I81 which in turn rotates a multiple V-grooved pulley I88 and the grooved pulley I88 is connected by a multiple V- belt I89 with a multiple groove pulley II 8 supported on the end of the wheel spindle I82.

The motor I85 is provided with an armature shaft 3 which rotatably supports a gear H4. The gear 4 meshes with a gear II5 mounted on the end of a shaft 6. The shaft H6 is pro vided with a worm II1 meshing with anworm gear II8 on a vertically arranged shaft H9. The shaft H9 is provided with a worm I28 which meshes with a worm gear |2I rotatably supported on a shaft I22. The shaft I22 in turn supports the driving pulley I88. By utilizing the gear mechanism above described a very slow motion is transmitted from the motor shaft II3 to the driving pulley I88 and through the belt I89 and pulley II8 rotates the lapping wheel spindle I 82 and the lapping wheel I8I at a slow rate of speed for a lapping operation. The shaft I22 has an enlarged end portion I23 which is cut out on its end to serve as a bearing support for the outer end of the armature shaft I I3.

In order to true the lapping wheel I8I, it is necessary to rotate it at a relatively fast rate of speed during the truing operation. To facilitate readily changing the speed of the lapping wheel I8I from a slow lapping speed to a fast truing speed, a manually operable clutch mechanism is provided. The end of the shaft I22 is provided with a clutch member I24 which is arranged to be engaged by a slidably mounted clutch member I25. A clutch member I25 is keyed to the armature shaft H3 and is arranged to be thrown into engagement with the clutch member I23 or to be thrown into engagement with a clutch member I28 formed integral with the gear II4. A slidably mounted clutch shifting member I21 is supported on a guide rod I28 and is provided with a yoked member having pins I29 arranged to ride in a groove I38 in the clutch member I25. A manually operable clutch lever I3I is pivotally mounted on a stud I32 and is arranged through a yoked member formed on its inner end which engages a pin on the clutch shifting member I21 so that when the lever I3I is moved in either direction, the clutch member I25 is shifted into engagement either with the clutch member I23 so that the armature shaft II3 drives directly to the shaft I22 to rotate the wheel spindle I82 and the lapping wheel I8| at a relatively fast speed suitable for a truing operation, or maybe thrown into enga'gemert with the clutch teeth I26 which serves to transmit power from the armature shaft II3 through the gear reduction unit comprising the gear II4, the gear II5, the shaft II'B, the worm II1, the worm gear II8, the shaft 9, the worm I28, the worm gear I2I. to rotate the shaft I22 at a slow rate of speed which in turn rotates the wheel spindle I82 and the lapping wheel I8I at a relatively slow speed suitable for a lapping operation.

In order to stop the rotation of the reduction gear unit when the armature shaft H3 is connected directly with the driven shaft I22 for a truing operation, a clutch member I35 is slidably keyed to the shaft I22 and is arranged to be thrown out of engagement with clutch teeth I36 formed on the side face of worm gear I2I.

The clutch shifting member I21 is provided with a second yoked member I31 having pins I38 which ride in a groove I39 in the clutch member I35 so that the clutch member I35 is moved simultaneously with the clutch member I25. When the clutch shifting member I21 is moved downwardly (Figure 4) to throw the clutch member I25 into engagement with the clutch teeth I28, the clutch member I35 is moved simultaneously in a downward direction to engage with the clutch teeth I36 carried by the worm gear I2I to lock the worm gear I2i, to the shaft I22 so as to rotate shaft I22 at a slow rate of speed.

Similarly when the clutch shifting member I21 is moved in an upward direction (Figure 4), the

clutch member I25 is thrown out of engagement with the clutch teeth I26 and the clutch member I is thrown out of engagement with the clutch teeth I36 thereby rendering the reduction gear unit inoperative. Continued movement of the clutch shifting member I2'l in an upward direction causes the clutch member I25 to be thrown into engagement with the clutch teeth I24 to connect the armature shaft I I3 directly to the driven shaft I22. It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that by manipulation of the manually operable control lever I3I, the motor I 05 may be connected to rotate the lapping wheel spindle I02 and the lapping wheel IOI at a very slow speed for a lapping operation or may be readily shiftedv to rotate the wheel IOI at a relatively fast speed for a wheel truing operation.

Lapping wheel reciprocation In a lapping operation, it may be desirable to provide an oscillating or reciprocating movement .of the lapping wheel I 0| when used in a plunge cut grinding operation to produce the desired break-up action between the lapping wheel and the surface of the work piece I 8. This oscillation may also be utilized in a traverse grinding and lapping operation to supplement the relative traversing movement between the lapping wheel and the work piece. As illustrated in the drawing this mechanism may comprise a worm I which is mounted and driven by the lapping wheel spindle I 02. The worm I50 meshes with a worm gear I5I carried by a vertical shaft (not shown), a crank plate I52 is mounted on the upper end of the shaft carrying the Worm gear I5I and is connected by a connecting rod I53 with a stud I54 carried on the end of a rock arm I55 which is pivotally mounted on a stud I56 on the wheel slide frame. The lever I55 is connected by stud I5'I with a groove I58 formed between sleeve fixed on the wheel spindle and the end of the worm I 50, so as to transmit the motion of the crank I52 through the rock arm I 55 to oscillate the wheel spindle I 02 as it rotates. A manually operable lever I59 serves to swing the lever I 55 and to lock it against oscillation, and serves to readily start and stop the oscillation or reciprocation of the lapping wheel spindle as desired.

The lapping wheel slide I00 is provided with a manual adjustment for adjusting it longitudinally on the carriage 10. A feed wheel I60 of the well- 1 known grinding wheel feeding mechanism type such as is shown in the above mentioned expired United States Patent No. 762,838. The feed w'heel I60 is mounted on a rotatable shaft I6I which is rotatably supported in bearings (not shown) in the carriage I0. A bevel gear I 62 is' mounted on the inner. end of the shaft I6I and meshes with a bevel gear I63 mounted on one end oi. arotatable feed screw I64. The feed screw I64 is journaled in suitable bearings in the carriage I0 and is arranged to engage and mesh with a depending half nut I65 fixed to the underside of the lapping wheel slide I00. A stop pawl I66 is pivotally mounted on a stud I61 is arranged in the path of an abutment (not shown) carried by a micrometer feed adjustment I68. By manipulation of the feed wheel I60, the lapping wheel IOI and its supporting wheel slide I00 may be readily adjusted relative to the transversely movable carriage 10 in setting up the machine for a given operation and may also be utilized to compensate for wear of the lapping wheel.

Grinding and lapping feed The carriage 10 is provided with a feeding mechanism which is arranged so that by movement of a control lever the grinding wheel slide I4 and grinding wheel 15 may be moved rapidly toward the work piece and then fed at a slow rate of infeed during the grinding operation after which the manipulation of the control lever operates to feed the slide 10 in the reverse direction to move the grinding wheel slide I4 and grinding I5 away from the work piece at a rapid rate and at the same time advance the lapping wheel IM and its supporting wheel slide I00 rapidly toward the work piece. The rapid approaching movement of the lapping wheel IOI continues until it is about to engage the work after which the infeed is reduced to a slow uniform infeed for a lapping operation. This mechanism may be operated automatically to grind for a definite time interval and to then automatically reverse to lap the work piece. As shown in the drawings, however, a manually controlled feeding mechanism is provided of the hydraulic type comprising a cylinder I which is fixed within the base III of the machine. A piston I BI is slidably mounted within the cylinder I80 and is connected by a'. piston rod I82 with a bracket I83 which is either fixed to or formed integral with the carriage 10.

As shown in the drawings an independent fluid pressure system is provided for moving the work table II and for moving the carriage I0.

A reservoir I84 is provided within the base I0 of the machine. A motor driven pump I85 draws fluid through a pipe I86 from the reservoir I84 and forces fluid under pressure through a pipe I81 to a control valve I88. The control valve I88 is preferably a piston type valve comprising a valve stem I89 having a plurality of valve pistons formed integrally therewith which form valve chambers I90, I9I and I92. In the position of the parts as illustrated in Figure 2, fluid under pressure passing through the pipe I81 enters the valve chamber I9I and passes through a passage I93 into a cylinder-chamber I94 to cause the piston I8I to move toward the left (Figure 2).

During this movement of the piston, fluid within a cylinder chamber I95 is forced out through a passage I96 into the valve chamber I92 and through a pipe I91 which exhausts into the reservoir I84. I

The valve stem I89 is preferably arranged so that it may be manually operated from the operators control station. A manually operated control lever 200 is mounted on the outer end of a rotatable shaft 20I which is rotatably supported in suitable bearings in the base I0 of the machine. The inner end of the shaft 20I is provided with a yoke member 202 having pins 203 which ride within a groove 204 in a spool-shaped member 205 mounted on the end of the valve stem I89. The lever and valve as shown in Figures l and 2 are in position to start an infeeding movement of the grinding wheel. After the grinding operation is completed the control lever 200 is rocked in a counter-clockwise direction (Figurev 1) which serves to shift the valve stem I89 toward the right (Figure 2) to reverse the flow of fluid to the cylinder I80. When the valve is shifted toward the right, fluid under pressure passing from the pipe I81 into the valve chamber I9I passes through the passage I96 into the cylinder chamber I95 to cause the piston I8I and the carriage I0 to move toward the right (Figure 2) to cause the grinding wheel 'I5to rapidly move away from the surface of the work being ground and at the same time causes ,the lapping wheel I8I to rapidly approach the work piece for a lapping operation.

A pressure relief valve 288 is provided in the pipe line I81 and serves in case the pressurein the pipe line exceeds a predetermined pressure to allow the excess fluid under pressure to exhaust through a pipe 281 to the reservoir I84.

While in the drawings two independent fluid pressure systems have been illustrated for simplicity of illustration, a single reservoir may be employed and a motor driven double geared pump unit may be substituted for the pumps 81 and I85 which may be driven from a single pump drive motor.

In the mechanism abovedescribed, namely, the cylinder I88 and piston I8I as controlled by the manually operable control lever 288 and the valve I88 serves to cause a rapid movement of the wheel carriage III in either direction. In order to grind the work and then lap the work, it is desirable to provide a feed regulator which as illustrated comprises a hydraulic feed regulator such as a dash pot piston and cylinder. A dash pot piston and cylinder of the type shown and described in the United States Patent No. 2,023,704 to H. A. Silven dated December 10, 1935 has been illustrated in the present case. Reference may be had to this prior patent for a detailed disclosure of the construction and operation of this mechanism. A dash pot cylinder 2I8 is mounted on the right-hand cylinder head so that the dash pot piston 2 is slidably mounted therein and is also slidably mounted on the piston rod I82. The dash pot piston 2 is normally held in a position toward the right by means of a spring 2I2. When fluid and the pressure is admitted to the cylinder chamber I84 to cause a rapid approaching movement of the grinding wheel I5, this rapid approaching movement continues until an adjustable sleeve 2l8 carried by the piston rod I82 engages the end of the dash pot piston 2| I. The rapid approaching movement of the grinding wheel I5 is thereafter reduced to a slow uniform grinding feed by resistance encountered in exhausting oil from the dash pot cylinder through an adjustable needle valve so that the desired grinding feed may be readily obtained. The infeeding movement of the grinding wheel continues until an adjustable stop sleeve! engages the end surface of the dash pot cylinder head to thereby positively limit the approaching feed of the slide 14 and the grinding wheel 15.

A similar hydraulic feed regulator is mounted on the left-hand cylinder head to slow down the rapid approaching movement of the lapping wheel IIII to a desired slow speed as-the lapping wheel approaches the work piece I8. This mechanism comprises a dash pot cylinder 2I5 fixedly mounted to the left-hand cylinder head (Figure 2). A dash pot piston 2I6 is slidably mounted within the dash pot cylinder 2I5 and is also slidably mounted on the piston rod I82.. A spring 2II serves to normally hold the dash pot piston 2I6 in its end position toward the left (Figure 2). The rapid approaching movement of the lapping wheel I8I continues until an adjustable sleeve 2I8 mounted on the piston rod I82 engages the end face ofthe dash pot piston 2I6.. Continued approaching movement is thereby reduced to a slow feeding movement due to the fact that the fluid within the dash pot chamber must exhaust through an adjustable needle valve, thereby retarding the rapid movement caused by the piston I8I to produce a slow feed of the lapping wheel "I. The lapping wheel approaches the work piece I8 until a positive stop sleeve 2|! which is adiustably flxed on the sleeve 2" engages the end face of the dash pot cylinder head to positively limit the movement of the wheel carriage I8 toward the right (Fig. 2).

If desired in operation of this machine, the hydraulic feed regulator on either end of the cylinder I88 may be rendered ineifective by adjustment of the sleeves 2I8 and 2I8 and the adjustable stops 2 and 2I8, respectively. If desired the grinding wheel maybe caused to rapidly approach the work piece until the positive stop 2 engages the end of the cylinder head and similarly the lapping wheel may be caused to rapidly approach the surface of the work piece I8 until the adjustable stop 2I9 engages the end of the dash pot cylinder 2I5. This operation involving merely adjustments of the respective parts so that-the adjustable stop engages the end of the. cylinder head prior to the stop sleeve engaging the end of the dash pot piston.

It will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure that the grinding and lapping wheel carriage I8 may be readily caused to move in either direction to first position the grinding wheel II in operative contact with the work piece for either a plunge cut or a traverse grinding operation and thereafter by shifting the control lever 288 in a counter-clockwise direction (Figure 1) first to cause the grinding wheel I5 and its supporting slide II to move away from the work piece, and the lapping wheel IN. and its supporting slide I88 to move rapidly into an operating position in engagement with the work piece I8 to lap the same.

The operation of this machine will be readily apparent from the foregoing disclosure. A work piece I8 to be ground and lapped is mounted on the work supporting centers I8 and I1 between the rootstock I4 and I8. The work piece is then set in rotation by the push button 88 and the speed of the work adjusted by means of a rheostat 8i to cause the work to rotate first at a grinding speed. If. as shown in the drawings, a piece of work is to be ground requiring a traverse grinding operation. the work table II is then set in motion by manipulation of the control valve 82 and the reverse control lever 58. The lever 288 is then moved into the position as shown in Figure 1 to cause. the wheel carriage I8 to be moved toward the left, Figures 1 and 2, to move the grinding wheel I8 toward the work piece. for

a cylindrical grinding operation thereon. The grinding operation is continued until the work piece I8 has been ground to the desired extent, after which the control lever 288 is shifted in a counter-clockwise direction to reverse the positionof the control valve I88 and thereby cause the wheel carriage I8 to move toward the right (Figures 1 and 2) to rapidly move the grinding wheel I5 away from the work and to cause a rapid approaching movement of the lapping wheel I8I. During this movement the rheostat 88 may be adjusted to change the speed of the work to a proper speed for a lapping operation. The lapping operation may then proceed to the desired extent after which. the control lever 288 may be moved into a grinding position to separate the lapping wheel IIII from the work, after which it may be moved into a central or neutral position to stop the movement of the wheel carriage during removal of the finish ground and lapped piece of work. If it is desired to oscillate the lapping wheel l0! during the lapping operation, the lever I59 may be actuated to start the oscillation of the lapping wheel spindle. If desired, the hydraulic feed mechanism for the grinding wheel carriage may be utilized merely as a positioning movement, in which case the adjustable stops 2 and M9, respectively, are adjusted to stop the rapid approaching movement either when or just before the grinding wheel 15 and the lapping wheel l0l engage the work piece l8, after which the manually operable feed wheels 81 and I60 may be utilized to produce the desired infeeding movement during the grinding, and later, during the lapping operation.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided by this invention apparatus in which the various objects herein above set forth, together with many thoroughly practical advantages, are successfully achieved. As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein before set forth, is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1-...A grinding and lapping machine having a base, a longitudinalLv movable work supporting table, a rotatable work support thereon, means to rotate said work support at either a grinding or a lapping speed, a transversely movable carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel thereon, means to rotate said wheel at a normal grinding speed, arotatable lapping wheel on said carriage, means to rotate said lapping wheel at a relatively slow lapping speed and a carriage 'ieeding mechanism to move said carriage transversely in either direction successively to move the grinding wheel and; the lapping wheel into operative engagement with the work successively to grind and lap the 2. A grinding and lapping machine having a base, a longitudinally reciprocable table thereon, a rotatable work support on said table, means to rotate saidsupport at either a grinding or a lapping speed, a transversely movable carriage on said base, a rotatable grinding wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, means to rotate said wheel at a normal grinding speed, a rotatable lapping wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, means to rotate said lapping wheel either at a relatively slow lapping speed or at a relatively fast speed for a truing operation, and a carriage feeding mechanism operative to move said carriage transversely in either direction to successively move the grinding wheel and the lapping wheel into operative engagement with the work to grind and lap the same.

3. A grinding and lapping machine having a rotatable work support thereon, means to rotate said work support at either a grinding or a lapping speed, a transversely movable carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel thereon, means to rotate said grinding wheel at a normal grinding speed, a rotatable lapping wheel on said carriage, means to rotate said lapping wheel at'a relatively slow lapping speed, said grinding and lapping wheels being arranged successively to engage opposite sides of the work piece, and a carriage feeding mechanism to move said carriage transversely in either direction successively to move the grinding wheel and the lapping wheel into operative engagement with the work to grind and lap the same.

4. A grinding and lapping machine having a base, a rotatable work support thereon, means to rotate said work support at either a grinding or a lapping speed, a transversely movable carriage on said base, a rotatable grinding wheel. thereon, means to rotate said wheel at a normal grinding speed, a rotatable lapping wheel on said c'arriage, means independently to rotate said wheel at a relatively slow lapping speed, a carriage feeding mechanism including a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said carriage transversely in either direction to successively move the grinding wheel and lapping wheel into operative engagement with the work to successively grind and lap the same. a

4 means to rotate said wheel at a relatively slow lapping speed, a carriage feeding mechanism comprising a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said carriage transversely in either direction, and means including a hydraulic feed regulator to control the grinding and lapping feed and to control the final positions of said grinding and lapping wheels.

6. A grinding machine having a base, a longitudinally reciprocable table thereon, a rotatable work support on said table, a transversely movable carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, means to rotat said grinding wheel at a normal grinding speed, a rotatable lapping wheel adjustably mounted on the carriage, means to rotate said lapping wheel at a relatively slow lapping speed, said grinding and lapping wheels being arranged to be moved successively into engagement with said work piece, a carriage feeding mechanism including a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder interposed between the carriage and base, means including a, manually operable valve to control the admission of fluid under pressure to said cylinder to move the carriage transversely in either direction so as to successively move the grinding and lapping wheels into operative engagement to sucand a second adjustable stop which is arranged to limit the infeeding movement of said lapping wheel when the carriage is moved in the opposite direction.

7. A grinding machine having a base, a longitudinally reciprocable work table, a rotatable work support thereon, means to rotate said work successively engage said work piece to first grind and then lap said work piece, a carriage feeding mechanism therefor including a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said carriage, a manually operable control valve to control the admission of fluid to said cylinder and cause said carriage to move in either direction, a feed regulator to arrange to modify the carriage movement as the grinding wheel engages the work, to produce a grinding feed, and a second feed regulator which is operative when said carriage moves in the opposite direction to regulate the infeeding movement of said lapping wheel.

8. A grinding and lapping machine having a longitudinally reciprocable table thereon, a rotatable work support on said table, a transversely movable carriage on said base, a rotatable grinding wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, means to rotate said wheel at a normal grinding speed, a rotatablelapping wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, means to rotate said lapping wheel at. a relatively slow lapping speed, said grinding and lapping wheels being arranged successively to engage the work piece on diametrically opposite sides, a carriage feeding mechanism therefor, including a fluid .pressure operated piston and cylinder, a manually operable control valve therefor to cause a rapid approaching movement of the carriage in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator arranged to reduce the rapid approaching movement to a slow grinding feed when the grinding wheel is moved into operative engagement with the work piece, and a second hydraulic feed regulator which is arranged to reduce the rapid approaching feed to a relatively slow infeeding movement of the lapping wheel as the lapping wheel is moved into operative engagement with the work piece.

9. A grinding machine having a longitudinally movable, rotatable work support, a transversely movable carriage, a wheel slide movable longitudinally on said carriage, means to .adjust said slide longitudinally on said carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel supported thereon, a lapping wheel slide adjustable longitudinally on said carriage, means to adjust said lapping wheel slide longitudinally on said carriage, a rotatable lapping wheel supported thereon, said grinding and lapping wheels and slides being arranged to successively engage a work piece on opposite sides thereof, a carriage feeding mechanism therefor including a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said car-- riage rapidly in either direction, a hydraulic wheel feed regulator associated with said cylin-- der and arranged to reduce the rapid approaching movement to a relatively slow grinding feed as the grinding wheel approaches the work piece, and a second hydraulic feed regulator associated with said piston and cylinder and arranged to slow down the rapid approaching movement of the lapping wheel when it moves into en'gag e ment with the work piece. 5

10. A' grinding machine having a longitudinally movable, rotatable work support, a transversely movable carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel adjustably mounted thereon, a rotatable lapping wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, said grinding and lapping wheels being arranged to successively engage the work piece on diametrically opposite sides thereof, and a, carriage feeding mechanism therefor including a fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said carriage rapidly in either direction, a manually operable control valve'to cause a rapid movement of the carriage in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator which is arranged to reduce the rapid approaching movement to a relatively slow grinding feed when the grinding wheel approaches and engages the work piece, and a second hydraulic feed regulator which is arranged to reduce the rapid approaching movement to a slow infeeding movement when the carriage moves in the opposite direction as the lapping wheel engages the work piece.

11.- A grinding machine having a longitudinally movable, rotatable work .support, transversely movable carriage, a rotatable grinding wheel adjustably mounted on this carriage, a rotatable lapping wheel adjustably mounted on said carriage, said grinding and lapping wheels being arranged to successively engage opposlt sides of a work piece, and a carriage feeding mechanism therefor, including a fluid pressure piston and cylinder to move said carriage transversely in either direction, a manually operable control valve to control the admission of fluid under pressure to said cylinder to cause a rapid movement" 12. A feeding mechanism for a transverselymovable slide comprising a fluid pressure piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said slide, a manually operable control valve to control the admission of fluid under pressure to said,

cylinder to move slide rapidly in either direction, a feed regulator to produce a relatively slow feeding movement of the slide when moved in one direction, and a second feed regulator to produce a relatively-slow feeding movement of the slide when it moves in the opposite direction.

13. A feeding mechanism for a transversely movable slide comprising a fluid pressure piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said slide, a control valve to control the admission of fluid under pressure to said cylinder so as to move the slide rapidly in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator to produce a relatively slow feeding movement ofthe slide during its moveregulator .to produce a relatively slow feeding movement of the slide during its movement in the opposite direction.

ment in one direction and a second hydraulic feed 14. A feeding mechanism for a transversely movable slide comprising a fluid pressure piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said slide, a manually operable control valve to control the admission or fluid under pressure to said cylinder to move the slide rapidly in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator located adjacent to one end of said cylinder and arranged'to produce a relatively slow feeding movement of the slide duringsits movement in one direction, and a second hydraulic feed regulator located adjacent to the other end of said cylinder, and arranged to produce a relatively slow feeding movement of the slide during its movement in the opposite direction.

15. A grinding wheel feeding mechanism for a transversely movable slide comprising a fluid pressure piston and cylinderoperatively connect- 75 ed to move said slide, a manually operable control valve to control the admission of fluid under pressure to said cylinder to move the slide rapidly in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator located adjacent to one end of said cylinder which is arranged to slow down the rapid approaching movement to a relatively slow feeding movement, an adjustable positive stop associated therewith to limit the inieeding movement of said slide, a second hydraulic feed regulator located adjacent to the other end of said cylinder and arranged to slow down the rapid approaching movement to a relatively slow feeding movement when the slide moves in the opposite direction.

16. A grinding wheel feeding mechanism for a transversely movable slide comprising a fluid pressure piston and cylinder operatively connected to move said slide in either direction, a manually operable control valve to control the admission of fluid to said cylinder so as to move the slide rapidly in either direction, a hydraulic feed regulator located at one end of said cylinder and arranged to produce a relatively slow feeding movement after the slide reaches a predetermined position, a positive stop to limit said infeeding movement, a second hydraulic feed regulator located adjacent to the other end of said cylinder and arranged to reduce the rapid approaching movement of said slide to a relatively slow infeeding movement when the slide moves to a predetermined position in the opposite direction, and positive stop to limit the infeeding movement.

HOWARD W. DUNBAR.

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