US2487899A - Process of wax sizing papermaking fibers using a cationic surface active agent - Google Patents

Process of wax sizing papermaking fibers using a cationic surface active agent Download PDF

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Publication number
US2487899A
US2487899A US593102A US59310245A US2487899A US 2487899 A US2487899 A US 2487899A US 593102 A US593102 A US 593102A US 59310245 A US59310245 A US 59310245A US 2487899 A US2487899 A US 2487899A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wax
fibers
amino
cationic surface
surface active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US593102A
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English (en)
Inventor
Laurence R Sherman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nopco Chemical Co
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Nopco Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE478755D priority Critical patent/BE478755A/xx
Priority to BE462915D priority patent/BE462915A/xx
Application filed by Nopco Chemical Co filed Critical Nopco Chemical Co
Priority to US593102A priority patent/US2487899A/en
Priority to GB4366/46A priority patent/GB612326A/en
Priority to FR931212D priority patent/FR931212A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2487899A publication Critical patent/US2487899A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/60—Waxes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the sizing of paper. More particularly the present invention relates to the sizing of paper fibers by adding wax thereto.
  • the sizing of paper with wax is well known in the 'artand in general involves the addition of a suitable wax emulsion to the paper stock in a beater with the subsequent addition of alum or the like tobreak the emulsion and fix the wax on the fibers.
  • wax may be deposited directly. upon paper fibers by-the-addition to the fibers and wax of a'cationic surface-active fixing agent. This fixes the wax directly on the fibers and gives a much higher take up of wax than is possible by utilizing a wax emulsion together with alum or the like.
  • a second objectof the present invention is to deposit a high proportion of wax onthe paper fibers by utilizing a cationic surface active agent for fixing the wax on the fibers.
  • a suitable quantity of pulp such as sulfite pulp either in bleached or unbleached condition is charged into a heater or other paper making apparatus capable of disintegrating the same. Thereafter the beater is heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the wax which is subsequently added. In general where ordinary wax having a melting point of approximately 120 F. is used, the beater is brought to a temperature above this point, such as approximately 130160 F., by the use of steam or by other heating means. Thereafter a cationic surface active agent of the type hereinafter to be described is added in the proportion of at least 3% by weight of the wax. The agent apparently fixes the wax on the fibers for no wax is apparent in the apparatus or during the remainder of the process.
  • the cationic surface active agents used in accordance with the present invention include certain amino-amides, glyoxalidines cyclized from those amino-amides, and the solubilized derivatives of either.
  • the amino-amides may best be described by the general formula: e
  • R represents an aliphatic chain containing from 7 to 23 carbon atoms
  • R. denotes a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkylol groups'containing 1 to 3 carbons
  • n is a number selected from the group consisting of 2 and 3 when R stands lfor hydrogen and n is a number selected from the group consisting'of 1, 2 and 3 when R represents an alkylol radical.
  • Glyoxalidines may be formed from amino-amides of the above formula by internal condensation wherein the carboxyl carbon atom of the amido group is linked to the nitrogen atom of the nearest amino group in the molecule.
  • This glyoxalidine ring formation occurs when the oxygen and hydrogen atoms of the amido group combin with a hydrogen atom of the nearest amino group thereby liberating a molecule of water.”
  • compounds corresponding to soluble acid salts or alkylated derivatives of the above type of compound may be used. These may be produced by treating a glyoxalidine or amide compound of the general formula above described with an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as acetic, formic, glycolic, etc. or with a suitable ester of a mineral acid, as, for example, diethyl sulfate, triethyl phosphate, ethyl iodide, etc.
  • the resultant solubilized compounds may then be illustrated by the general formula:
  • R denotes a substituent selected from the group consisting respectively of hydrogen, when R Z is a 1 to 3 carbon aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and an aliphatic alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, when Hz is an ester of a mineral acid with a 1 to 3 carbon aliphatic alcohol, and Z is selected fromthe group consisting of the respective residues of said acid and said ester; and where the formula also, encompasses the same derivatives of glyoxalidines produced from the amino-amides prior to addition of the R and Z radicals by linking the carboxyl carbon atom with the nitrogen atom of the near-- est amino group accompanied by liberation of a molecular proportion of water.
  • a suitable fat or fatty acid is;
  • the amino-amide may be heated to a relatively high temperature to drive off water in order to form a cyclic compound.
  • the cyclic compound equivalent to the amino-amide may then be-treated with an agent rendering the compound water soluble such as a suitable ester of a mineral acid, for example diethyl sulfate, triethyl phosphate, ethyl iodide, or an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as acetic, formic, glycolic, etc., or the aminoamide may be added to the paper fibers and wax and thereafter the acid.
  • an agent rendering the compound water soluble such as a suitable ester of a mineral acid, for example diethyl sulfate, triethyl phosphate, ethyl iodide, or an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as acetic, formic, glycolic, etc.
  • temperatures in the neighborhood of 200 C. or from 180 to 210 C. are utilized for the amidiflcation, and in the event the cyclic compound is desired, temperatures in the neighborhood of 300 C. are used.
  • Various polyalkylene polyamine, alkylene alkylol polyamine or polyalkylene alkylol polyamine compounds having from 2 to 4 amino groups may be used as, for
  • fatty acid portion of the compound may be utilized as the fatty acid portion of the compound.
  • oieic acid, ricinoleic acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, etc. are examples of the fatty acids which may be utilized in preparing the amino-amide compound.
  • Example I 47.8 parts by weight of hydrogenated soybean oil and 25.2 parts of ethanol ethylenediamine were heated in a closed. vessel at 150 C. for approximately 6 to 8 hours in order to condense the same.
  • the resultant product is believed to consist largely of an amino-amide having the following formula:
  • a process for wax-sizing paper fibers consisting of suspending the fibers in water, heating the suspension to a temperature sufficiently high to melt wax, adding wax to the aqueous suspension, heating the suspension until the wax has completely melted and mixed with the fibers, and fixing the wax on the fibers by adding a cationic surface active substance to the fiber and wax suspension, said cationic substance being selected from the group consisting of amino-amides having the general formula:
  • R represents an aliphatic chain containing from 7 to 23 carbon atoms
  • R. denotes a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkylol groups containingl to 3 carbons
  • n is a number selected from the group consisting of 2 and 3 when R stands for hydrogen and n is a number selected from the group of 1, 2 and 3 when R represents an alkylol radical
  • R denotes a substituent selected from the group consisting respectively of hydrogen, when R z is a 1 to 3 carbon aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and an aliphatic alkyl group of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is an ester of a mineral acid with a 1 to 3 carbon aliphatic alcohol
  • z is selected from the group consisting of the respective residues of said acid and said ester.
  • a process for wax-sizing paper fibers consisting of suspending the fiber in water and heating the water suspension to a temperature sufficiently high to melt wax, adding wax thereto, heating the wax and fiber until the wax has completely melted and mixed with the fiber and adding ethanol amino ethylene stearamide to fix the wax on the fibers.

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US593102A 1945-05-10 1945-05-10 Process of wax sizing papermaking fibers using a cationic surface active agent Expired - Lifetime US2487899A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE478755D BE478755A (en(2012)) 1945-05-10
BE462915D BE462915A (en(2012)) 1945-05-10
US593102A US2487899A (en) 1945-05-10 1945-05-10 Process of wax sizing papermaking fibers using a cationic surface active agent
GB4366/46A GB612326A (en) 1945-05-10 1946-02-12 Improvements relating to the sizing of paper fibres and the like
FR931212D FR931212A (fr) 1945-05-10 1946-03-28 Procédé d'encollage du papier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US593102A US2487899A (en) 1945-05-10 1945-05-10 Process of wax sizing papermaking fibers using a cationic surface active agent

Publications (1)

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US2487899A true US2487899A (en) 1949-11-15

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US (1) US2487899A (en(2012))
BE (2) BE462915A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR931212A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB612326A (en(2012))

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563897A (en) * 1945-07-13 1951-08-14 American Cyanamid Co Sizing cellulosic fibers with cationic melamine resin and hydrophobic material
US2601598A (en) * 1947-12-26 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed materials to cellulosic fibers
US2601597A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed coating materials to cellulosic fibers
US2680995A (en) * 1950-12-01 1954-06-15 Stimson Lumber Company Method of making hardboard
US2683088A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Soft bibulous sheet
US2683087A (en) * 1948-02-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Absorbent cellulosic products
US2683089A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Bibulous sheet
US2686121A (en) * 1948-07-07 1954-08-10 Morton Chemical Co Process of loading cellulosic fibers
US2694633A (en) * 1950-02-23 1954-11-16 Talbott Dev Associates Affixing organic and inorganic additaments to cellulosic materials
US2739058A (en) * 1952-07-17 1956-03-20 Du Pont Process for sizing paper with polyethylene
US2758025A (en) * 1952-05-23 1956-08-07 Armco Steel Corp High temperature stainless steel
US2764483A (en) * 1951-11-06 1956-09-25 Du Pont Process for sizing paper
US2767089A (en) * 1951-05-21 1956-10-16 Gen Mills Inc Paper containing polyamide resins and process of producing same
US2767088A (en) * 1952-06-24 1956-10-16 Mosinee Paper Mills Company Method of impregnating fibrous materials
US2772969A (en) * 1951-04-18 1956-12-04 American Cyanamid Co Sizing of paper with fatty acid polyalkylenepolyamine compositions
US2794737A (en) * 1954-06-10 1957-06-04 American Cyanamid Co Paper sized with a condensation product of a fatty amine and hexahydro-1, 3, 5-triacrylyl-s-triazine
DE1012165B (de) * 1951-04-18 1957-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Verfahren zum Leimen von Papier
US2803171A (en) * 1953-08-26 1957-08-20 Patent & Licensing Corp Process for producing a water vapor impermeable board
US2924397A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-02-09 Heppner Sales Co Permanent magnet tension device
US2974339A (en) * 1958-04-25 1961-03-14 Key Products Company Dust mop
DE1237423B (de) * 1958-02-11 1967-03-23 Shell Int Research Verfahren zum Faellen von wachsartigen Stoffen auf Fasermaterial
US4935096A (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-19 Garden State Paper Company, Inc. Process for the deinking of cellulosic materials
WO2006134597A3 (en) * 2005-06-16 2007-06-07 Ha Ind Technologies Ltd Paper product and method therefor using molten wax suspension

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1030671B (de) * 1954-05-26 1958-05-22 Zschimmer & Schwarz Chem Fab Verfahren zum Leimen von Papier
DE2818880C3 (de) * 1978-04-28 1982-05-13 Mobil Oil Ag In Deutschland, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Leimung von Papier und Pappe unter Anwendung von Wachsdispersionen

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB319745A (en) * 1928-09-27 1930-12-29 Albert Lewis Clapp Manufacture of waterproof fibrous products
US1992589A (en) * 1931-04-17 1935-02-26 Dewey And Almy Chem Comp Organic fiber and method of preparing same
US2096129A (en) * 1936-02-24 1937-10-19 Bennett Inc Manufacture of sized papers
US2186609A (en) * 1937-05-05 1940-01-09 Paper Chemistry Inst Method of removing wax from waxed paper stock
US2206090A (en) * 1937-05-17 1940-07-02 Warwick Chemical Co Waterproofing composition and similar emulsion
US2268273A (en) * 1939-05-27 1941-12-30 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Textile finishing
US2277788A (en) * 1940-08-03 1942-03-31 Du Pont Treatment of textiles and composition useful therefor
US2343095A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-02-29 Du Pont Resin dispersion useful in the textile and paper industries
US2343090A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-02-29 Du Pont Treatment of textiles and composition useful therefor
US2401027A (en) * 1942-10-21 1946-05-28 American Anode Inc Deposition of rubber from aqueous dispersions of rubber
US2442972A (en) * 1941-01-23 1948-06-08 Sidney M Edelstein Aqueous dispersions of electropositive materials

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB319745A (en) * 1928-09-27 1930-12-29 Albert Lewis Clapp Manufacture of waterproof fibrous products
US1992589A (en) * 1931-04-17 1935-02-26 Dewey And Almy Chem Comp Organic fiber and method of preparing same
US2096129A (en) * 1936-02-24 1937-10-19 Bennett Inc Manufacture of sized papers
US2186609A (en) * 1937-05-05 1940-01-09 Paper Chemistry Inst Method of removing wax from waxed paper stock
US2206090A (en) * 1937-05-17 1940-07-02 Warwick Chemical Co Waterproofing composition and similar emulsion
US2268273A (en) * 1939-05-27 1941-12-30 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Textile finishing
US2277788A (en) * 1940-08-03 1942-03-31 Du Pont Treatment of textiles and composition useful therefor
US2343095A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-02-29 Du Pont Resin dispersion useful in the textile and paper industries
US2343090A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-02-29 Du Pont Treatment of textiles and composition useful therefor
US2442972A (en) * 1941-01-23 1948-06-08 Sidney M Edelstein Aqueous dispersions of electropositive materials
US2401027A (en) * 1942-10-21 1946-05-28 American Anode Inc Deposition of rubber from aqueous dispersions of rubber

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563897A (en) * 1945-07-13 1951-08-14 American Cyanamid Co Sizing cellulosic fibers with cationic melamine resin and hydrophobic material
US2601597A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed coating materials to cellulosic fibers
US2601598A (en) * 1947-12-26 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed materials to cellulosic fibers
US2683087A (en) * 1948-02-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Absorbent cellulosic products
US2686121A (en) * 1948-07-07 1954-08-10 Morton Chemical Co Process of loading cellulosic fibers
US2694633A (en) * 1950-02-23 1954-11-16 Talbott Dev Associates Affixing organic and inorganic additaments to cellulosic materials
US2680995A (en) * 1950-12-01 1954-06-15 Stimson Lumber Company Method of making hardboard
DE1012165B (de) * 1951-04-18 1957-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Verfahren zum Leimen von Papier
US2772969A (en) * 1951-04-18 1956-12-04 American Cyanamid Co Sizing of paper with fatty acid polyalkylenepolyamine compositions
US2767089A (en) * 1951-05-21 1956-10-16 Gen Mills Inc Paper containing polyamide resins and process of producing same
US2764483A (en) * 1951-11-06 1956-09-25 Du Pont Process for sizing paper
US2758025A (en) * 1952-05-23 1956-08-07 Armco Steel Corp High temperature stainless steel
US2683089A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Bibulous sheet
US2683088A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Soft bibulous sheet
US2767088A (en) * 1952-06-24 1956-10-16 Mosinee Paper Mills Company Method of impregnating fibrous materials
US2739058A (en) * 1952-07-17 1956-03-20 Du Pont Process for sizing paper with polyethylene
US2803171A (en) * 1953-08-26 1957-08-20 Patent & Licensing Corp Process for producing a water vapor impermeable board
US2794737A (en) * 1954-06-10 1957-06-04 American Cyanamid Co Paper sized with a condensation product of a fatty amine and hexahydro-1, 3, 5-triacrylyl-s-triazine
US2924397A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-02-09 Heppner Sales Co Permanent magnet tension device
DE1237423B (de) * 1958-02-11 1967-03-23 Shell Int Research Verfahren zum Faellen von wachsartigen Stoffen auf Fasermaterial
US2974339A (en) * 1958-04-25 1961-03-14 Key Products Company Dust mop
US4935096A (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-19 Garden State Paper Company, Inc. Process for the deinking of cellulosic materials
WO2006134597A3 (en) * 2005-06-16 2007-06-07 Ha Ind Technologies Ltd Paper product and method therefor using molten wax suspension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE462915A (en(2012))
GB612326A (en) 1948-11-11
FR931212A (fr) 1948-02-17
BE478755A (en(2012))

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