US248536A - Art of felting hat-bodies - Google Patents
Art of felting hat-bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US248536A US248536A US248536DA US248536A US 248536 A US248536 A US 248536A US 248536D A US248536D A US 248536DA US 248536 A US248536 A US 248536A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bodies
- felting
- hat
- art
- hardening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
- D04H1/06—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Definitions
- This invention relates to the preparation of hat-bodies for the first stage of the felting process, known as hardening.
- This stage of the felting process in the manufacture of fur hat-bodies is usually performed as follows: The cone, with the hat-body formed upon it, is dipped in Water. The body is then taken from the cone, and, after wringing or squeezing out from it a portion of the water, it is rolled up, either alone or with others,in a cloth,and then submitted to a rolling process, which causes the fibers to knit or felt together. This rolling is continued until a sufficient degree of strength and smoothness is attained to admit of its being handled. The body is then taken to the kettle or to some machine to begin that stage of the manufacture known as sizing.
- the felting material in order to perform the above'described hardening process successfully, the felting material must possess good felting properties, to prevent the delicate fabric from going to pieces, or, to use the shaders term, becoming breaky and uneven.
- the object of this invention is to give the body greater strength in the hardening stage of the felting process; and to this end the improvement consists in submitting the body to the action of an acid solution after it has been formed and before it is hardened.
- the said solution may be used in place of the water in which the body on the cone is usually dipped, or the body may be clipped in it after it has been removed from the cone and before subjecting it to the rolling process by which the hardening is effected.
- the acid solution which I propose generally to employ, and have employed successfully, is a solution composed of sulphuric acid and water in the proportion of from one pint to one quart of ordinary commercial sulphuric acid to one hundred and fifty gallons of water, or of a strength of from 1 to 2 Baums hydrometer; but the strength may be varied beyond these limits in either direction without essentially changing this result or departing from my invention.
- Other acids, as muriatic, nitric, or acetic, might be substituted for sulphuric acid.
- Another advantageobtai-ned by thisimprovement is that an inferior stock may be used without the body breaking during the hardening or other stage of the felting process.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
llNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN T. VVARING, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
ART OF FELTING HAT-BODIES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,536, dated October 18, 1881.
Application filed September 16, 1880.
To all whom it may concern:
Beit known that I, JOHN T. WARING, of the city of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Art of Felting Hat-Bodies, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to the preparation of hat-bodies for the first stage of the felting process, known as hardening. This stage of the felting process in the manufacture of fur hat-bodies is usually performed as follows: The cone, with the hat-body formed upon it, is dipped in Water. The body is then taken from the cone, and, after wringing or squeezing out from it a portion of the water, it is rolled up, either alone or with others,in a cloth,and then submitted to a rolling process, which causes the fibers to knit or felt together. This rolling is continued until a sufficient degree of strength and smoothness is attained to admit of its being handled. The body is then taken to the kettle or to some machine to begin that stage of the manufacture known as sizing.
in order to perform the above'described hardening process successfully, the felting material must possess good felting properties, to prevent the delicate fabric from going to pieces, or, to use the hatters term, becoming breaky and uneven.
The object of this invention is to give the body greater strength in the hardening stage of the felting process; and to this end the improvement consists in submitting the body to the action of an acid solution after it has been formed and before it is hardened. The said solution may be used in place of the water in which the body on the cone is usually dipped, or the body may be clipped in it after it has been removed from the cone and before subjecting it to the rolling process by which the hardening is effected.
(No Specimens.)
The acid solution which I propose generally to employ, and have employed successfully,is a solution composed of sulphuric acid and water in the proportion of from one pint to one quart of ordinary commercial sulphuric acid to one hundred and fifty gallons of water, or of a strength of from 1 to 2 Baums hydrometer; but the strength may be varied beyond these limits in either direction without essentially changing this result or departing from my invention. Other acids, as muriatic, nitric, or acetic, might be substituted for sulphuric acid.
By this use of an acid solution the felting properties of the fiber are stimulated and the hardening process is accomplished more rapidly and the body is rendered much firmer, smoother, and stronger when hardened, and the body when finished makes a more even and better hat.
Another advantageobtai-ned by thisimprovement is that an inferior stock may be used without the body breaking during the hardening or other stage of the felting process.
I do not claim, broadly, the use of acid solution in the process of felting hat-bodies, as I am aware that such solutions have been used in certain stages of theprocess after the stage known in the trade as hardening, but
What I claim as my invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
As an improvement in the art of felting hatbodies, the treatment of the bodies with an acid solution after the body has been formed and before it is hardened, substantially as herein described.
JOHN T. WARING.
Witnesses:
HENRY T. BROWN, FREDK. HAYNEs.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US248536A true US248536A (en) | 1881-10-18 |
Family
ID=2317857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US248536D Expired - Lifetime US248536A (en) | Art of felting hat-bodies |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US248536A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2692420A (en) * | 1946-03-12 | 1954-10-26 | Celanese Corp | Treatment of fibrous material |
-
0
- US US248536D patent/US248536A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2692420A (en) * | 1946-03-12 | 1954-10-26 | Celanese Corp | Treatment of fibrous material |
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